DOCSLIB.ORG

1 Influence of Warming Temperatures on Coregonine Embryogenesis Within and Among Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1 Influence of Warming Temperatures on Coregonine Embryogenesis Within and Among Species bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.13.431107; this version posted February 14, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Influence of warming temperatures on coregonine embryogenesis within and among species 2 3 Taylor R. Stewart1,5, Mikko Mäkinen2, Chloé Goulon3, Jean Guillard3, Timo J. Marjomäki2, 4 Emilien Lasne4, Juha Karjalainen2, and Jason D. Stockwell5 5 6 1Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA 7 2University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland 8 3University Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France 9 4UMR ESE Agrocampus Ouest-INRAE, Rennes, France 10 5Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA 11 12 Correspondence: Taylor R. Stewart, Department of Biology, Rubenstein Ecosystem Science 13 Laboratory, University of Vermont, 3 College St, Burlington, VT 05401, USA. Email: 14 [email protected] 15 16 ABSTRACT: 17 The greatest response of lakes to climate change has been the increase in water temperatures on a 18 global scale. The responses of many lake fishes to warming water temperatures are projected to 19 be inadequate to counter the speed and magnitude of climate change, leaving some species 20 vulnerable to decline and extinction. We experimentally evaluated the responses of embryos 21 from a group of cold, stenothermic fishes (Salmonidae Coregoninae) – within conspecifics 22 across lake systems, between congeners within the same lake system, and among congeners 23 across lake systems – to a thermal gradient using an incubation method that enabled global 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.13.431107; this version posted February 14, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 24 comparisons. Study groups included cisco (Coregonus artedi) from lakes Superior and Ontario 25 (USA), and vendace (C. albula) and European whitefish (C. lavaretus) from Lake Southern 26 Konnevesi (Finland). All species spawn in the fall and their embryos incubate over winter before 27 hatching in spring. Embryos were incubated at water temperatures of 2.0, 4.5, 7.0, and 9.0°C, 28 and the responses to the incubation temperatures were quantified for life-history (i.e., embryo 29 survival and incubation period) and morphological traits (i.e., length-at-hatch and yolk-sac 30 volume). We found contrasting reaction norms to temperature in embryo survival and similar 31 reaction norms to temperature for incubation period, length-at-hatch, and yolk-sac volume in 32 conspecific and congeneric coregonines. For example, congeneric responses differed in 33 embryonic survival in the same system, suggesting species differences in adaptability to 34 warming winter temperatures. Differential levels of parental effects were found within and 35 among study groups and traits suggesting population biodiversity may provide more flexibility 36 for populations to cope with changing inter-annual environmental conditions. Our results suggest 37 coregonines may have a wide range of embryo responses to changing winter conditions as a 38 result of climate change. 39 40 Keywords: climate change, embryo incubation, water temperature, thermal habitat, plasticity, 41 reaction norm, parental effect, Coregonus 2 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.13.431107; this version posted February 14, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 42 INTRODUCTION: 43 Freshwater lakes are one of the most sensitive ecosystems to climate change (Jenny et al., 2020; 44 Woolway et al., 2020). One of the greatest threats of climate change to lakes is the 45 unprecedented rise of water temperatures on a global scale (Austin & Colman, 2007; Maberly et 46 al., 2020; O’Reilly et al., 2015; Woolway et al., 2017), although the rise is not projected to be 47 consistent across regions, seasons, or lake types (McCullough et al., 2019; O’Reilly et al., 2015). 48 The greatest seasonal increase in water temperature of seasonally ice-covered lakes is projected 49 to take place during the spring (Schindler et al., 1990; Winslow et al., 2017), and the greatest 50 seasonal increase in air temperature is expected during winter in northern Europe and North 51 America (Christensen et al., 2007). 52 53 Warming spring water temperatures and increases in the length of the frost-free season can 54 prolong annual growing seasons with warmer summers, longer and warmer autumns, and shorter 55 ice-cover duration (Sharma et al., 2019, 2020). Temperature is an abiotic master factor for 56 aquatic ecosystems because water temperature directly affects the physical and chemical 57 properties of water, and phenology, reproductive events, metabolic rates, growth, and survival of 58 aquatic organisms (Brett, 1979; Brown et al., 2004; Busch et al., 2012; Gillooly et al., 2002; 59 Little et al., 2020; Ohlberger et al., 2007). Although the broader impacts of climate-derived 60 changes in lake dynamics remain unclear (Shatwell et al., 2019), the responses of many lake 61 organisms are projected to be inadequate to counter the speed and magnitude of climate change, 62 leaving some species vulnerable to decline and extinction (Hoffmann & Sgrò, 2011). These 63 pressures present challenges for biodiversity conservation and sustainability of ecosystem 64 services. To navigate challenges, a foundational understanding of the primary threats to aquatic 3 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.13.431107; this version posted February 14, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 65 ecosystems and organisms across a range of spatial scales from local to global is needed 66 (Halpern et al., 2015; Langhans et al., 2019; Vörösmarty et al., 2010). 67 68 The effects of increasing temperature on lake fishes are predicted to lead to declines in cold- 69 water species and increases in warm-water species (Comte et al., 2013; Hansen et al., 2017). 70 Species that possess narrow optimal thermal ranges, live near their thermal limits, or have long 71 development times at cold temperatures are at-risk under warming climate scenarios as 72 temperature can have strong direct and indirect effects at early-life stages (Blaxter, 1991; Dahlke 73 et al., 2020; Ficke et al., 2007; Lim et al., 2017; Mari et al., 2016; Pepin, 1991). Unlike their 74 marine counterparts, most freshwater fishes are restricted to their lake system, where their ability 75 to evade the effects of climate change is impeded due to the isolated nature of lakes (Ficke et al., 76 2007) and limited swimming capacity during early-life stages (Downie et al., 2020; Herbing, 77 2002). Fundamental questions for eco-evolutionary and conservation biologists in a global 78 change context include how lake fishes will respond to rising water temperatures and what 79 adaptive mechanisms may be involved (Hairston et al., 2005; Kinnison & Hairston, 2007; 80 Pelletier et al., 2009). Shifts in physiology of lake fish populations living close to their upper 81 thermal limits will be required if species are to persist under increasingly stressful thermal 82 conditions (Howells et al., 2016; Woolsey et al., 2015). 83 84 Freshwater whitefishes, Salmonidae Coregoninae (hereafter coregonines), are of great socio- 85 economic value (Ebener et al., 2008; Lynch et al., 2015, 2016; Nyberg et al., 2001; Vonlanthen 86 et al., 2009, 2012), and are also considered to be critically sensitive to the effects of climate 87 change because they are cold, stenothermic fishes (Elliott & Bell, 2011; Isaak, 2014; Jeppesen et 4 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.13.431107; this version posted February 14, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 88 al., 2012; Jonsson & Jonsson, 2014; Karjalainen et al., 2015; Karjalainen, Jokinen, et al., 2016; 89 Stockwell et al., 2009). Coregonine fisheries worldwide have experienced population declines 90 due to highly variable and weak year-class strengths (Anneville et al., 2015; Myers et al., 2015; 91 Nyberg et al., 2001; Vonlanthen et al., 2012). In the 20th century, causes of decline included 92 fishing and stocking practices (Anneville et al., 2015) and eutrophication causing poor 93 incubation conditions (Müller, 1992; Vonlanthen et al., 2012). Today, the trophic state of lakes 94 and fisheries management practices are improving, but coregonines continue to be the focus of 95 reintroduction, restoration, and conservation efforts in many lakes (Bronte et al., 2017; Favé & 96 Turgeon, 2008; Zimmerman & Krueger, 2009). Reasons for declining recruitment are unknown, 97 but climate change, increasing water temperatures, and habitat degradation are hypothesized as 98 causal factors (Anneville et al., 2015; Jeppesen et al., 2012; Karjalainen et al., 2015; Karjalainen, 99 Jokinen, et al., 2016; Marjomäki et al., 2004; Nyberg et al., 2001). 100 101 Coregonines generally spawn during late-autumn, embryos incubate over winter, and hatch in 102 late-spring (Karjalainen et al., 2015; Stockwell et al., 2009). The time
Load more

Recommended publications
  • First Record of a Coregonid Fish Species, Coregenus Albula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) in Aktaş Lake Shared Between Turkey and Georgia
    J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment Vol. 25, No. 3: 325-332 (2019) SHORT COMMUNICATION First record of a coregonid fish species, Coregenus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) in Aktaş Lake shared between Turkey and Georgia Sedat V. Yerli Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, SAL, Beytepe, Ankara, TURKEY Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The genus Coregenus (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) was recently considered not to be represented in Turkey. European cisco or vendace, Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) was reported for the first time for Turkey in this article with fifteen samples in Aktaş Lake, Ardahan. This species should be added to the checklist of Turkish fish fauna. Turkish name is proposed as “Akbalık” for this species. Keywords: Coregonus albula, first record, Aktaş Lake, Kartsakhi, alkaline lake, Georgia, Turkey Received: 30.10.2019, Accepted: 26.11.2019 Vendace or European cisco Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) is a native species for northern Europe. Berg (1948) reported the distribution of this species its morphological measurements in the former USSR and adjacent countries. Froese and Pauly (2019) summarized the natural distribution of vendace as Baltic basin, several lakes of upper Volga drainage; some lakes of White Sea basin and North Sea basin east of Elbe drainage; anadromous in Gulf of Finland and marine in northernmost freshened part of Gulf of Bothnia between Finland and Sweden; in Lake Inari, northern Finland; lower Rhine (now extirpated). The vendace was introduced, intentionally in some countries in Europe and United States of America. Vendace was introduced in 1959, 1982-1987 in the Irtysh River Basin and in 1960-61 in Lake Balkhash in Kazakhstan (Mitrofanov and Petr 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Labidesthes Sicculus
    Version 2, 2015 United States Fish and Wildlife Service Lower Great Lakes Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office 1 Atherinidae Atherinidae Sand Smelt Distinguishing Features: — (Atherina boyeri) — Sand Smelt (Non-native) Old World Silversides Old World Silversides Old World (Atherina boyeri) Two widely separated dorsal fins Eye wider than Silver color snout length 39-49 lateral line scales 2 anal spines, 13-15.5 rays Rainbow Smelt (Non -Native) (Osmerus mordax) No dorsal spines Pale green dorsally Single dorsal with adipose fin Coloring: Silver Elongated, pointed snout No anal spines Size: Length: up to 145mm SL Pink/purple/blue iridescence on sides Distinguishing Features: Dorsal spines (total): 7-10 Brook Silverside (Native) 1 spine, 10-11 rays Dorsal soft rays (total): 8-16 (Labidesthes sicculus) 4 spines Anal spines: 2 Anal soft rays: 13-15.5 Eye diameter wider than snout length Habitat: Pelagic in lakes, slow or still waters Similar Species: Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax), 75-80 lateral line scales Brook Silverside (Labidesthes sicculus) Elongated anal fin Images are not to scale 2 3 Centrarchidae Centrarchidae Redear Sunfish Distinguishing Features: (Lepomis microlophus) Redear Sunfish (Non-native) — — Sunfishes (Lepomis microlophus) Sunfishes Red on opercular flap No iridescent lines on cheek Long, pointed pectoral fins Bluegill (Native) Dark blotch at base (Lepomis macrochirus) of dorsal fin No red on opercular flap Coloring: Brownish-green to gray Blue-purple iridescence on cheek Bright red outer margin on opercular flap
    [Show full text]
  • Adaptive Phenotypic Diversification Along a Temperature-Depth Gradient Jan Ohlberger Åke Brännström ([email protected]) Ulf Dieckmann ([email protected])
    International Institute for Tel: +43 2236 807 342 Applied Systems Analysis Fax: +43 2236 71313 Schlossplatz 1 E-mail: [email protected] A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria Web: www.iiasa.ac.at Interim Report IR-13-055 Adaptive phenotypic diversification along a temperature-depth gradient Jan Ohlberger Åke Brännström ([email protected]) Ulf Dieckmann ([email protected]) Approved by Pavel Kabat Director General and Chief Executive Officer June 2015 Interim Reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organizations supporting the work. *Manuscript 1 Manuscript type: Article 2 3 Adaptive phenotypic diversification along a temperature-depth gradient 4 Jan Ohlberger1,2,3,*, Åke Brännström3,4,#, Ulf Dieckmann3,+ 5 6 1 Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, 7 D-12587 Berlin, Germany 8 2 Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, 9 Norway 10 3 Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, A-2361 Laxenburg, 11 Austria 12 4 Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden 13 * [email protected] (corresponding author) 14 # [email protected] 15 + [email protected] 16 17 Keywords: adaptive dynamics, ecological gradient, evolutionary diversification, sympatric 18 speciation, temperature adaptation 19 Online appendix A: Model variables, functions, and parameters 20 Online appendix B: Model functions and their estimation from empirical data 21 Online appendix C: Sensitivity analysis 22 ABSTRACT 23 Theoretical models suggest that sympatric speciation along environmental gradients might be 24 common in nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification and Modelling of a Representative Vulnerable Fish Species for Pesticide Risk Assessment in Europe
    Identification and Modelling of a Representative Vulnerable Fish Species for Pesticide Risk Assessment in Europe Von der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der RWTH Aachen University zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften genehmigte Dissertation vorgelegt von Lara Ibrahim, M.Sc. aus Mazeraat Assaf, Libanon Berichter: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Andreas Schäffer Prof. Dr. Christoph Schäfers Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 30. Juli 2015 Diese Dissertation ist auf den Internetseiten der Universitätsbibliothek online verfügbar Erklärung Ich versichere, dass ich diese Doktorarbeit selbständig und nur unter Verwendung der angegebenen Hilfsmittel angefertigt habe. Weiterhin versichere ich, die aus benutzten Quellen wörtlich oder inhaltlich entnommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht zu haben. Lara Ibrahim Aachen, am 18 März 2015 Zusammenfassung Die Zulassung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln in der Europäischen Gemeinschaft verlangt unter anderem eine Abschätzung des Risikos für Organismen in der Umwelt, die nicht Ziel der Anwendung sind. Unvertretbare Auswirkungen auf den Naturhalt sollen vermieden werden. Die ökologische Risikoanalyse stellt die dafür benötigten Informationen durch eine Abschätzung der Exposition der Organismen und der sich daraus ergebenden Effekte bereit. Die Effektabschätzung beruht dabei hauptsächlich auf standardisierten ökotoxikologischen Tests im Labor mit wenigen, oft nicht einheimischen Stellvertreterarten. In diesen Tests werden z. B. Effekte auf das Überleben, das Wachstum und/oder die Reproduktion von Fischen bei verschiedenen Konzentrationen der Testsubstanz gemessen und Endpunkte wie die LC50 (Lethal Concentrations for 50%) oder eine NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration, z. B. für Wachstum oder Reproduktionsparameter) abgeleitet. Für Fische und Wirbeltiere im Allgemeinen beziehen sich die spezifischen Schutzziele auf das Überleben von Individuen und die Abundanz und Biomasse von Populationen.
    [Show full text]
  • Management of Vendace (Coregonus Albula (L.)) in the Lakes of Northwest Poland in the Late Twentieth and Early Twenty-First Centuries
    Arch. Archives Vol. 14 Fasc. 1 105-121 2006 Pol. Fish. of Polish Fisheries MANAGEMENT OF VENDACE (COREGONUS ALBULA (L.)) IN THE LAKES OF NORTHWEST POLAND IN THE LATE TWENTIETH AND EARLY TWENTY-FIRST CENTURIES Przemys³aw Czerniejewski, Wawrzyniec Wawrzyniak Department of Open Waters Fisheries Management, University of Agriculture, Szczecin, Poland ABSTRACT. Vendace, Coregonus albula (L.), catch and stocking data obtained from 24 fish farms using vendace lakes (total surface area of 22311.77 ha) situated in northwest Poland were analyzed. The average total fish yield from these lakes was 12.53 kg ha-1, of which the average share of vendace was 18%. The highest vendace yield was obtained in lakes with water surface areas of less than 250 ha and with an average depth of more than 10 m. According to the lake classification proposed by the authors, as many as 28 lakes (43.1%) were classified as ‘bad lakes’ with very low vendace yield (< 2 kg ha-1), while only four lakes (6.2%) were classified as ‘very good’ with yield exceeding 10 kg ha-1.Itwas revealed that vendace yield (kg ha-1) depended on the number of vendace larvae stocked and some of the morphometric features of the lakes such as water surface area and average depth. Key words: VENDACE (COREGONUS ALBULA), LAKES, VENDACE MANAGEMENT, MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LAKES INTRODUCTION The natural range of occurrence of vendace, Coregonus albula (L.), includes numerous lakes situated around the Baltic Sea from Germany and Denmark in the west, through Poland (Bernatowicz et al. 1975) and into Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, and Russia in the east (Berg 1948).
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Assemblages in European Lakes - Comparison of Sampling Methods and Analysis of Size Structure
    Fish assemblages in European lakes - Comparison of sampling methods and analysis of size structure DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum agriculturarum (Dr. rer. agr.) Eingereicht an der Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerischen Fakultät der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Dipl. Biol. MATTHIAS EMMRICH Präsident/Präsidentin der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: Prof. Dr. Jan-Hendrik Olbertz Dekan/Dekanin der Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerischen Fakultät: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Frank Ellmer Gutachter/Gutachterinnen: 1. Prof. Dr. Robert Arlinghaus 2. PD Dr. Thomas Mehner 3. Prof. Dr. Reiner Eckmann Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 05.02.2013 Contents page List of papers V Author contributions VI Abstract (English) 1 Abstract (German) 2 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Sampling fish in lakes 4 1.1.1 Recreati onal angling 5 1.1.2 Scientific fish sampling 6 1.2 Size structure of lake fish assemblages 9 1.2.1 Anthropogenic influences of the size structure of lake fish assemblages 12 1.2.2 The role of spatial scale 13 2 Objectives 14 3 Methods and datasets 15 3.1 Sampling fish in lakes 16 3.1.1 Recreati onal angling 16 3.1.2 Scientific fish sampling 16 3.1.2.1 Multi -mesh gillnets 16 3.1 .2 .2 Trawling 18 3. 1. 2.3 Hydroacoustics 19 3.2 Size structure of lake fish assemblages 19 4 Main results 22 4.1 Sampling fish in lakes 22 4.2 Size structure of lake fish assemblages 24 5 Discussion 25 5.1 Sampling fish in lakes 25 5.2 Size structure of lake fish assemblages 29 6 Conclusions 31 Acknowledgement 32 References 34 Declaration of authorship 50 Appendix 51 Paper I 51 Paper II 67 Paper III 84 Paper IV 95 Paper V 115 List of papers This thesis is based on five papers, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals (I-V).
    [Show full text]
  • Age, Growth, and Size of Lake Superior Pygmy Whitefish (Prosopium Coulterii) Author(S): Taylor R
    Age, Growth, and Size of Lake Superior Pygmy Whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) Author(s): Taylor R. Stewart and Derek H. OgleOwen T. Gorman and Mark R. Vinson Source: The American Midland Naturalist, 175(1):24-36. Published By: University of Notre Dame DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1674/amid-175-01-24-36.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1674/amid-175-01-24-36.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Am. Midl. Nat. (2016) 175:24–36 Age, Growth, and Size of Lake Superior Pygmy Whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) 1 TAYLOR R. STEWART AND DEREK H. OGLE Department of Natural Resources, Northland College, Ashland, Wisconsin 54806 AND OWEN T. GORMAN AND MARK R. VINSON U. S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, Lake Superior Biological Station, Ashland, Wisconsin 54806 ABSTRACT.—Pygmy Whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) are a small, glacial relict species with a disjunct distribution in North America and Siberia.
    [Show full text]
  • Ergebnisse Nationaler Bericht Der Arten in Der Kontinentalen
    Ergebnisse nationaler FFH-Bericht 2013, Arten in der kontinentalen biogeografischen Region Tax. Verbrei- Zukunfts- Erhaltungs- wissenschaftlicher Name deutscher Name Population Habitat Gesamttrend Gruppe tungsgebiet aussichten zustand Amphibien AMP Alytes obstetricans Geburtshelferkröte U1 U2 U2 U2 U2 sich verschlechternd AMP Bombina bombina Rotbauchunke U1 U2 U2 U2 U2 sich verschlechternd AMP Bombina variegata Gelbbauchunke, Bergunke U1 U2 U2 U2 U2 sich verschlechternd AMP Bufo calamita Kreuzkröte U1 U1 U1 U1 U1 stabil AMP Bufo viridis Wechselkröte U1 U2 U2 U1 U2 sich verschlechternd AMP Hyla arborea Laubfrosch U1 U1 U1 U1 U1 sich verschlechternd AMP Pelobates fuscus Knoblauchkröte U1 U1 U1 U1 U1 sich verschlechternd AMP Rana arvalis Moorfrosch U1 U1 U1 U1 U1 sich verschlechternd AMP Rana dalmatina Springfrosch FV FV FV FV FV stabil AMP Rana kl. esculenta Teichfrosch FV FV FV FV FV stabil AMP Rana lessonae Kleiner Wasserfrosch XX XX XX XX XX unbekannt AMP Rana ridibunda Seefrosch FV FV FV FV FV stabil AMP Rana temporaria Grasfrosch, Taufrosch FV FV FV FV FV sich verschlechternd AMP Salamandra atra Alpensalamander FV FV U1 FV U1 stabil AMP Triturus cristatus Kammmolch FV U1 U1 U1 U1 stabil Käfer COL Carabus menetriesi ssp. pacholei Hochmoor-Großlaufkäfer U1 U2 U2 U2 U2 stabil COL Carabus variolosus nodulosus Gruben-Großlaufkäfer U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 stabil COL Cerambyx cerdo Heldbock, Großer Eichenbock U2 U1 U2 U2 U2 sich verschlechternd COL Cucujus cinnaberinus Scharlachkäfer FV FV FV FV FV stabil COL Dytiscus latissimus Breitrand XX U2 XX
    [Show full text]
  • (Coregonidae) Artificial Reproduction in Russia
    Department of artificial fish reproduction, Siberian Research and Design Institute of Fish Industry “SIBRYBNIIPROJECT” Authors: Y.P. Mamontov, A.I. Litvinenko, S.M. Semenchenko, S.E. Palubis, O.S. Simonova [email protected] Current Condition of Whitefish (Coregonidae) Artificial Reproduction in Russia Speaker - Simonova Olga 09.2001 Coregonus sardinella Coregonus peled Coregonus autumnalis Coregonus muksun Main whitefish production areas Table 1 – Actual and potential whitefish production values (thousand tons) Actual production Potential production Natural Artificial Region 1940- 1970- 1990- reproductionreproduction Total 1960- 1980- Northern-East and 1.6- 1.3- North of European 3-4 2.0 5-6 7-8 2.5 1.7 territory of Russia 0.1- 1.3- 1.3- Ural 0.1 8-9 8-9 0.8 2.8 1.6 Western Siberia 10-17 6-17* 4-9** 9.0 19-24 26-30 Eastern Siberia 10-17 8-10 6-9 12.0 6-7 18-21 Far East (from Chukotka until Amur 2-3 2-3 1-2 2.0 2 4 river) TOTAL 25-34 19-28 10-17 25 40-45 65-70 * includes 5000 tons of artificial reproduction ** includes 1000 tons of artificial reproduction Table 2 − Approximate production of whitefish in water bodies of Russia in 2001, in tons Species Lakes Rivers Water reservoirs Total Stenodus leucichthys - 184 - 184 Coregonus muksun - 1443 - 1443 Coregonus peled 918 2342 40 3300 Coregonus nasus 10 1055 - 1065 Coregonus lavaretus 442 1376 134 1952 Coregonus albula 1813 20 251 2084 Coregonus sardinella - 3755 - 3755 Coregonus autumnalis 2805 353 180 3328 Coregonus tugun -20 - 20 Total 6088 10548 635 17271 Location of whitefish egg collecting farms and incubation units in Russia (2001) egg collecting farms incubation units Hatching recipient 3 4 5 6 7 2 8 1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing Research Priorities for Lake Whitefish in the Upper Great
    DEVELOPING RESEARCH PRIORITIES FOR LAKE WHITEFISH IN THE UPPER GREAT LAKES: RESULTS OF A WORKSHOP SPONSORED BY THE GREAT LAKES FISHERY TRUST AND GREAT LAKES FISHERY COMMISSION Michigan State University February 27-28, 2018 Michigan Sea Grant Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 3 Workshop Proceedings ................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 3 Workshop Goals and Desired Outcomes ............................................................................. 4 Presentations ....................................................................................................................... 4 Impacts of Whitefish Decline on the Tribal Commercial Fishery ..................................... 4 Lake Huron Lake Whitefish Status and Trends ................................................................ 5 Lake Michigan Lake Whitefish Status and Trends ............................................................ 7 Lake Superior Lake Whitefish Status and Trends ............................................................. 8 Lower Trophic Levels ........................................................................................................ 9 Factors affecting recruitment to fisheries and management implications ..................
    [Show full text]
  • Coregonus Albula)
    FISHERIES & AQUATIC LIFE (2020) 28: 91 - 98 Archives of Polish Fisheries DOI 10.2478/aopf-2020-0012 RESEARCH ARTICLE Slaughter yield and dietary value of wild and cultured vendace (Coregonus albula) Zdzis³aw Zakêœ, Renata Pietrzak-Fieæko, Miros³aw Szczepkowski, Monika Modzelewska-Kapitu³a Received – 17 September 2019/Accepted – 20 May 2020. Published online: 30 June 2020; ©Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Poland Citation: Zakêœ Z., Pietrzak-Fieæko R., Szczepkowski M., Modzelewska-Kapitu³a M. 2020 – Slaughter yield and dietary value of wild and cul- tured vendace (Coregonus albula) – Fish. Aquat. Life 28: 91-98 Abstract. This study focused on comparing slaughter yield, (tFA)); however, the share of polyunsaturated fatty acids proximate composition, and fatty acid profiles of meat from (PUFA), including n-3 PUFA, was lower at 18.55 vs 24.71% wild vendace, Coregonus albula L. caught in natural tFA and 8.36 vs 14.89% tFA (P £ 0.05), respectively. As conditions (lakes; group W) and from cultured vendace a result of these lipid content values, the levels of the reared on formulated feed in recirculating systems (group C). eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic The slaughter yield of gutted vendace (group C) was (DHA; 22:6n-3) acids and n-3 PUFA and PUFA, expressed in approximately 2% higher that the value determined in group mg 100 g-1 carcass, in cultured vendace carcasses were W(P£ 0.05). Carcasses of cultured fish contained 2.5 times significantly higher than those in the meat of wild vendace. more fat in comparison to fish from group W (11.12 vs 4.86%), which was compensated for by water content.
    [Show full text]
  • The Northern Bothnian Bay
    Template for Submission of Scientific Information to Describe Areas Meeting Scientific Criteria for Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas THE NORTHERN BOTHNIAN BAY Abstract The Bothnian Bay forms the northernmost part of the Baltic Sea. It is the most brackish part of the Baltic, greatly affected by the combined river discharge from most of the Finnish and Swedish Lapland. The sea area is shallow and the seabed consists mostly of sand. The area displays arctic conditions: in winter the whole area is covered with sea ice, which is important for the reproduction of the grey seal (Haliochoerus grypus) and a prerequisite nesting habitat for the ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica). In summer the area is productive and due to the turbidity of the water the primary production is compressed to a narrow photic zone (between 1 to 5 meters). Due to the extreme brackish water the number of marine species is low, but at the same time the number of endemic and threatened species is high. It is an important reproduction area for coastal fish and an important gathering area for several anadromous fish species. River Tornionjoki, which discharges into the northern part of the area, is the most important spawning river for the Baltic population of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), a vulnerable species in the Baltic Sea. Introduction The Northern Bothnian Bay is a large, shallow and tideless sea area with a seabed consisting mostly of sand and silt, forming the northernmost part of the Baltic Sea. The topography is a result of the last glaciation (10,000 BP) and the isostatic land uplift is still ongoing (ca.
    [Show full text]