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Spring 1992 Gems & Gemology

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Spring 1992 Gems & Gemology SPRING 1992 m GEM~&GEMOLOGYVOLUME 28 No. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIAL 1 The Gems d Gemology Most Valuable Article Award Alice S. Keller ARTICLES 4 Gem-Quality Green Zoisite P.5 1V. R. Barot and Edward W. Boehm 16 Kilbourne Hole Peridot John K. Fuhrbach NOTESAND NEWTECHNIQUES 28 Opal from Querktaro, Mexico: Fluid Inclusion Study Ronald J. Spencer, Alfred A. Levinson, and Iohn I. Koivula 35 Natural-Color Nonconductive Gray-to-Blue Diamonds Emmanuel Fritsch and IZenl~ethScarratt 43 Peridot as an Interplanetary Gemstone John Sinlianlias, Iohn I. IZO~VLIILI, and Gerhard Beclzer P. 8 REGULARFEATURES 52 Gem Trade Lab Notes 58 GemNews 68 Gems ed Gemology Challenge 70 Book Reviews 72 Letters 74 Gemological Abstracts ABOUT THE COVER: 'The large deposil of dislinctive orange to red ''fie" opols ot Queretoro, Mexico, is believed to be unique. To help solve the lnyslery o/ this unusual occurrence, modern techniques were used by atrthors R. 1. Spencer, A. A. Levinson, and 1. I. I<oiv111ato determine the composition of the originol liquid from which the gems formed. The stones shown here illustrote the variety of fie opols recovered from Quere'toro. Fabricated in the early 20th cenlirry and signed by Theodore B. Sturr, thc Cel~icbucltle is composed of ydlowgold, emeralds, sopphires, and diamonds, in addition to opal. The buckle is courtesy of R. Esmerian, Inc., New York. The 80.12-ct rough opol ond the 16.27-ct 29 cabochon ore courtesy of Pola International, Follbrook, CA. I Photo O Harold d Erica Von Pelt-Photographers, Los Angeles, CA. Typesetting for Gems d Gemology is by Graphix Express, Sonta Mol~icn,CA. Color seporotions are by Effective Graphics, Con~pton,CA. Printing is by Waverly Press, Eoston, MD. O 1992 Gemological Institute of America All rights reserved ISSN 0016-626X I p. 3u EDITORIAL Editor-in-Chief Editor Editor, Gem Trade Lab Notes STAFF Richard T Liddicoat Alice S. Keller C. W Fryer Stewart St. 1660 Editor, Gemological Abstracts Associate Editors Santa Monica, CA 90404 Dona M. Dirlam William E. Boyajian Telephone: (800) 42 1-7250 x25 1 D. Vincent Manson Editors, Book Reviews John Sinkanlias Sllbscriptions Elise B. Misiorowslii Gail Young Loretta B. Loeb Technical Editor Telephone: (800) 421 -7250, x201 Carol M. Stockton Editors, Gem News FAX: (310) 453-4478 john I. Koivula Assistant Editor Contributing Editor Robert C. Kammerling Irv Dierdorff John I. Koivula Emmanuel Fritsch PRODUCTION Art Director Production Artist Word Processor STAFF Lisa Joko Carol Silver Ruth Patchick EDITORIAL Robert Crowningshield Robert C. Kammerling Kurt Nassau REVIEW BOARD New York, NY Santa ~Monica,CA PO. Lebonon, N/ Alan T. Collins Anthony R. Kampf Ray Page London, United IZingdon~ Los Angeles, CA Sonto Monica, CA Dennis Foltz Robert E. Kane George Rossman Snntn Monica, CA Santa Monico, CA Pasadenn, CA Emmanuel Fritsch John I. Koivula Keilileth Scarratt Son ta Monica, CA Santci Monicn, CA Lo~~don,Uniled IZingdom C. W. Fryer Henry 0.A. Meyer Karl Schmetzer Santo Monica, CA West Lnfayette, IN Petershausen, Germany C. S. Hurlbut, Jr. Sallie Morton James E. Shiglcy Crrn~bridge,MA Son lose, CA Sonta Monicn, CA SUBSCRIPTIONS Subscriptions in thc U.S.A. are priccd as follows: $49.95 for one year (4 issues), $1 19.95 for three years (12 issues). Subscriptions sent elsewhere are $59.00 for one year, $149.00 for three years. Special annual subscription rates arc available for all students actively involved in a GIA program. $39.95 U.S.A., $49.00 elsewhere. Your student number lnrrst be listed at the time your subscription is entered. Single issues may be purchased for $12.50 in the U.S.A., $16.00 elsewhere. Discounts are given for bulk orders of 10 or Inore of any one issue. A limited number of back issues of GeiG are also available for purchase. Please address all inquiries regarding subscriptions and the purchase of single copies or back issues to the Sub- scriptions Department. To obtain a Japanese translation of Gems d Gemology, contact the Association of Japan Gem Trust, Okachimachi Cy Bldg, 5-15-14 Ueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110, Japan. MANUSCRIPT Gems e) Gemology welco~nesthe submission of articles on all aspects of the field. Please see the Suggestions for SUBMISSIONS Authors in the Wintcr 1991 issue of the journal, or contact the cditor for a copy. Letters on articles published in Gems eS Gemology and other relevant matters are also welcome. Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the linlits of U.S. copyright law for private usc of patrons. Instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial COPYRIGHT classroom use without fee. Copying of the photographs by any means othcr than treditional photocopying techniques AND REPRINT (Xerox, etc.) is prohibited w~thoutthe express permission of the photographer (whcre listed] or author of thc article in which the photo appears (where no photographer is listed). For other copying, reprint, or republication permission, PERMISSIONS please contact the editor. Gems d Cerrlology is published quarterly by the C;emological Institute of America, a nonprofit educational organization for the jewelry industry, 1660 Stewart St., Santa ~Monica,CA 90404. Postmaster: Return undeliverable copies of Gens d Gemology to 1660 Stcwart St., Santn Monica, CA 90404. Any opinions expressed in signed articles are unders~oodto be the views of the authors and not of the publishers. By Alice S. Keller hank you, readers. Hundreds of you took the time to send us your votes for the "Most TValuable Article" published in 1991. The winning articles for 1991 represent a broader spectrum of topics than in most previous years. Again, though, you indicated that the identi- fication of enhancements is your lzey concern, with the award of first place to the comprehen- sive "Fracture Filling of Emeralds: Opticon and Traditional Oils," by Robert C. I<ammerling, John I. Koivula, Robert E. Kane, Patricia Maddison, James E. Shigley, and Emmanuel Fritsch. However, second place goes to an article that explained important new theories on diamond formation: "Age, Origin, and Emplacement of Diamonds: Scientific Advances in the Last Decade," by Melissa B. Kirlzley, John J. Gurney, and Alfred A. Levinson. Winner of the third- place award is an article that represents the joint research efforts of a truly international team from the U.S., Switzerland, and Vietnam: "Rubies and Fancy Sapphires from Vietnam," by Robert E. Kane, Shane F. McClure, Robert C. Kammerling, Nguyen Dang Khoa, Carlo Mora, Saverio Repetto, Nguyen Duc Khai, and John I. Koivula. The authors of these three articles will share cash prizes of $1,000, $500, and $300, respec- tively. Photographs and brief biographies of the winning authors appear below. Congratulations also to Edward Schiller of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, whose ballot was ran- domly chosen to win the three-year subscription to Gems d Gemology. C .I We especially appreciated receiving comments-and suggestions-from so many of you on your ballots. In fact, in response to some of these comments, we are initiating a "Letters" section in this issue of Gems ed Gemology (see pp. 72 and 73). Unlilze the earlier "Editorial Forum" section, which appeared sporadically, we hope to malze this a regular feature for your comments and suggestions on items published in Gems d Gemology and other important topics. This is your journal and we want it to work for yon. Don't forget to write . FIRST PLACE ROBERT C. KAMMERLING JOHN I. KOIVULA . ROBERT E. KANE PATRICIA MADDISON JAMES E. SHIGLEY EMMANUEL FRITSCH Robert C. Kammerling is director of identification and research at the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory, Inc. in Santa Monica. He also coedits-with john I. Koivula and Emmanuel Fritsch-the Gem News section of Gems d Gemology, and he coauthored-with Dr. Cornelius S. Hurlbut-the boolc Gemology. Mr. Kammerling has a B.A. from the University of Illinois. John I. Koivula, GIAJs chief gemologist, is world renowned for his expertise in iilclusions and photomi- crography. He is coauthor-with Dr. Edward J. Giibelin-of the Photoatlas of Inclusions in Gemstones. Mr. Koivula also holds bachelor's degrees lames E, Shigley, Patricia Maddison, Iohn I, in chemistry and mineralogy from Eastern Koiv~rla,Robert C. I<ammerli~~g,Emmanuel Washington State University. Robert E. Kane, also a Fritsch, Robert E. I<ane Editorial GEMS & GEMOLOGY Spring 1992 prolific author, is manager of identification at the GIA gy from Stanford University, is director of research at Gem Trade Laboratory, Santa Monica. With 14 years CIA. He has written several articles on natural, treat- of laboratory experience, Mr. Kane's research special- ed, and synthetic gem materials, and is currently ties include colored diamonds, rare collector gems, directing research on gem identification. Manager of and the separation of natural, synthetic, and treated the CIA Research Department, Emmanuel Fritsch has gems. Patricia Maddison is a senior staff gen~ologist written extensively on the application of spec- in the identification section of the GIA Gem Trade troscopy to genlology, the origin of color in gem Laboratory, Santa Monica. Originally from materials, and treated and synthetic gems. A native of Vancouver, Canada, Ms. Maddison has 14 years of France, he has an advanced degree in geological engi- experience in the jewelry industry (I0 with CIA). neering from the Geology School in Nancy, France, James E. Shigley, who received his doctorate in geolo- and his Ph.D. from the Sorbonne in Paris. SECOND PLACE MELISSA B. KIRKLEY JOHN J. GURNEY ALFRED A. LEVINSON A post-doctoral research officer in the Geochemistry Department of the University of Cape Town (UCT), South Africa, Melissa B. Kirkley is currently investi- gating stable-isotope and rare-earth-element geo- chemistry of mantle roclzs and minerals.
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