Crystal Structure of Protoamphibole
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List of New Mineral Names: with an Index of Authors
415 A (fifth) list of new mineral names: with an index of authors. 1 By L. J. S~v.scs~, M.A., F.G.S. Assistant in the ~Iineral Department of the,Brltish Museum. [Communicated June 7, 1910.] Aglaurito. R. Handmann, 1907. Zeita. Min. Geol. Stuttgart, col. i, p. 78. Orthoc]ase-felspar with a fine blue reflection forming a constituent of quartz-porphyry (Aglauritporphyr) from Teplitz, Bohemia. Named from ~,Xavpo~ ---- ~Xa&, bright. Alaito. K. A. ~Yenadkevi~, 1909. BuU. Acad. Sci. Saint-P6tersbourg, ser. 6, col. iii, p. 185 (A~am~s). Hydrate~l vanadic oxide, V205. H~O, forming blood=red, mossy growths with silky lustre. Founi] with turanite (q. v.) in thct neighbourhood of the Alai Mountains, Russian Central Asia. Alamosite. C. Palaehe and H. E. Merwin, 1909. Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, col. xxvii, p. 899; Zeits. Kryst. Min., col. xlvi, p. 518. Lead recta-silicate, PbSiOs, occurring as snow-white, radially fibrous masses. Crystals are monoclinic, though apparently not isom0rphous with wol]astonite. From Alamos, Sonora, Mexico. Prepared artificially by S. Hilpert and P. Weiller, Ber. Deutsch. Chem. Ges., 1909, col. xlii, p. 2969. Aloisiite. L. Colomba, 1908. Rend. B. Accad. Lincei, Roma, set. 5, col. xvii, sere. 2, p. 233. A hydrated sub-silicate of calcium, ferrous iron, magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen, (R pp, R',), SiO,, occurring in an amorphous condition, intimately mixed with oalcinm carbonate, in a palagonite-tuff at Fort Portal, Uganda. Named in honour of H.R.H. Prince Luigi Amedeo of Savoy, Duke of Abruzzi. Aloisius or Aloysius is a Latin form of Luigi or I~ewis. -
Key to Rocks & Minerals Collections
STATE OF MICHIGAN MINERALS DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION A mineral is a rock substance occurring in nature that has a definite chemical composition, crystal form, and KEY TO ROCKS & MINERALS COLLECTIONS other distinct physical properties. A few of the minerals, such as gold and silver, occur as "free" elements, but by most minerals are chemical combinations of two or Harry O. Sorensen several elements just as plants and animals are Reprinted 1968 chemical combinations. Nearly all of the 90 or more Lansing, Michigan known elements are found in the earth's crust, but only 8 are present in proportions greater than one percent. In order of abundance the 8 most important elements Contents are: INTRODUCTION............................................................... 1 Percent composition Element Symbol MINERALS........................................................................ 1 of the earth’s crust ROCKS ............................................................................. 1 Oxygen O 46.46 IGNEOUS ROCKS ........................................................ 2 Silicon Si 27.61 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS............................................... 2 Aluminum Al 8.07 METAMORPHIC ROCKS.............................................. 2 Iron Fe 5.06 IDENTIFICATION ............................................................. 2 Calcium Ca 3.64 COLOR AND STREAK.................................................. 2 Sodium Na 2.75 LUSTER......................................................................... 2 Potassium -
The Thermal Transformation of Datolite, Cabsio4(OH), to Boron.Melilite
MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, JUNE I973, VOL. 39, PP. 158-75 The thermal transformation of datolite, CaBSiO4(OH), to boron.melilite J. TARNEY, A. W. NICOL, and GISELLE F. MARRINER Departments of Geology, Minerals Engineering, and Physics, respectively, University of Birmingham SUMMARY. A kinetic and X-ray study of the dehydroxylation of datolite, CaBSiO4(OH), has shown that the decomposition occurs very rapidly above 7o0 ~ in air, with an activation energy for the reaction of the order of 200 kcal mole-1. The transformation is topotactic, the dehydroxylated phase being tetragonal with a 7" 14/~t, c 4-82 fit, and particularly well formed even at the lowest temperatures of decomposition. Single-crystal studies have shown that two orientations of the new phase exist and that the original a of datolite becomes the unique axis of the tetragonal phase while the tetragonal a axes are oriented either parallel to or at 45 ~ to the b and c axes of datolite. The new phase appears to be a boron-containing analogue of the melilite structure, composition Ca2SiB~OT, but is metastable. The basic sheet structure is preserved during the transformation but a reorganization of the tetra- hedral layer from the 4- and 8-membered rings of datolite to the 5-membered rings of the new phase is involved, together with effective removal of protons and some silicon. The transformation can be explained in terms of an inhomogeneous reaction mechanism involving migration of calcium and boron into the new phase domains and counter-migration of silicon and protons, but with only minor readjustment of oxygens. -
Chemographic Exploration of Amphibole Assemblages from Central Massachusetts and Southwestern New Hampshire
Mineral. Soc. Amer, Spec. Pap. 2, 251-274 (1969). CHEMOGRAPHIC EXPLORATION OF AMPHIBOLE ASSEMBLAGES FROM CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS AND SOUTHWESTERN NEW HAMPSHIRE PETER ROBINSON AND HOWARD W. JAFFE Department of Geology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 ABSTRACT Fourteen wet chemical and forty electron-probe analyses were made of amphiboles from critical assemblages in the kyanite and sillimanite zones of central Massachusetts and southwestern New Hampshire. The rocks studied in- clude plagioclase amphibolites that are metamorphosed mafic lavas and tuffs, aluminous anthophyllite rocks of uncertain derivation, quartz-garnet-amphibole granulites that are metamorphosed ferruginous cherts, and pods of ultramafic amphibolite. The rocks contain the following associations: hornblende-anthophyllite, hornblende-cummingtonite, anthophyllite-cummingtonite, hornblende-anthophyllite-cummingtonite, anthophyllite-cordierite, and anthophyllite- kyanite-sillimanite-staurolite_garnet. The following generalizations are made: 1) The cummingtonites are compositionally simple, containing neither sig- nificant AI/AI, NaJAI, nor Ca substitution. 2) The hornblendes are high in AI/AI substitution. Those coexisting with cummingtonite in the kyanite zone or in retrograded rocks have a higher Al content than those coexisting with cum- mingtonite in the sillimanite zone, in close agreement with the prograde reaction tschermakitic hornblende -7 cumming- tonite + plagioclase + H20 proposed by Shido. The Na content of hornblende is considerably less than that of the theoretical edenite end member and is relatively insensitive to variation in the Na content of coexisting plagioclase. 3) Anthophyllites coexisting with hornblende contain about 1as much AI/AI substitution and 1as much Na substitution as coexisting hornblendes. Ca is negligible. Anthophyllites with cordierite, aluminosilicates, or garnet equal or surpass hornblende in AI/AI and Na substitution. -
ANTHOPHYLLITE Revised: Published by A.E
FROM: Robinson, G.W., 2004 Mineralogy of Michigan by E.W. Heinrich updated and ANTHOPHYLLITE revised: published by A.E. Seaman Mineral Mg7Si8O22(OH)2 Museum, Houghton, MI, 252p. The only common orthorhombic member of the amphibole group; forms a solid solution series with ferro-anthophyllite. Anthophyllite is a metamorphic mineral, occurring in various schists, gneisses, and some iron formations. It also occurs as a hydrothermal mineral species in altered peridotites. The Marquette County localities cited below were reported by Brooks (1873). The identity of his anthophyllites has never been verified or supported by optical data. It is suspected that some, if not all, of the amphibole he reported as anthophyllite may actually be grunerite, inasmuch as some of Brooks’ localities are underlain by Bijiki or Negaunee Iron Formation which in the Marquette district includes grunerite- magnetite schists (Van Hise and Leith, 1911; Richarz, 1927a, b, c; 1932). Northern Peninsula. Baraga County: Spurr Mountain: “Anthophylite” containing 1.78% Mn is reported by Brooks (1873). Dickinson County: 1. Metronite quarry near Felch: Lamey (1934) reports, along with other silicates, the presence of “feranthophyllite” (=ferro-anthophyllite). This has not been verified and is very doubtful (Heinrich, 1962b). 2. NE ¼ NE ¼, section 23, T42N, R29W: In the Skunk Creek Member of the Solberg Schist, actinolite(?) fringed by an amphibole that “may be anthophyllite” was found in a hornblende- magnetite schist (James et al., 1961). 3. Vulcan Iron Formation: One variant consists of grunerite with magnetite, quartz, and anthophyllite (James et al., 1961). Marquette County: 1. Washington mine: Anthophyllite-quartz-magnetite schist. 2. South of New England mine: In slaty magnetite schist. -
NVMC Nov 2019 Newsletter.Pdf
The Mineral Newsletter Meeting: November 18 Time: 7:45 p.m. Long Branch Nature Center, 625 S. Carlin Springs Rd., Arlington, VA 22204 Volume 60, No. 9 November 2019 Explore our website! November Meeting Program: Making Sugarloaf Mountain (details on page 5) In this issue … Mineral of the month: Datolite ................. p. 2 November program details ........................ p. 5 Annual Holiday Party coming up! ............. p. 5 President’s collected thoughts .................. p. 5 October meeting minutes .......................... p. 7 Nominations for 2019 club officers ........... p. 8 Datolite nodule Club show volunteers needed! .................. p. 8 Quincy Mine, Michigan Bench tip: Sheet wax with adhesives ......... p. 9 Source: Brandes (2019). Photo: Paul T. Brandes. Annual show coming up—Help needed! .. p. 10 EFMLS: Wildacres—finally! ........................ p. 12 AFMS: Scam targets mineral clubs ............ p. 13 Safety: Be prepared ................................... p. 13 Deadline for Submissions Field trip opportunity ................................. p. 14 November 20 Manassas quarry geology, pt. 2 ................. p. 15 Please make your submission by the 20th of the month! Upcoming events ....................................... p. 20 Submissions received later might go into a later newsletter. 28th Annual Show flyer ............................. p. 21 Mineral of the Month Datolite by Sue Marcus Datolite, our mineral this month, is not a zeolite, alt- hough it often occurs with minerals of the Zeolite Group. It can form lustrous crystals or attractive masses that take a nice polish. And, for collectors like Northern Virginia Mineral Club me, it is attainable! members, Etymology Please join our guest speaker, Joe Marx, for dinner at Datolite was named in 1806 by Jens Esmark, a Danish- the Olive Garden on November 18 at 6 p.m. -
Two Yttrium Minerais
TWO YTTRIUMMINERAIS: SPENCITE AND ROWLANDITE1 CLIFFORDFRONDEL Haruar d, Univ ersity, Cambr,i.d,ge,M assachusetts Assrnecr Spencite is a new borate-silicate of calcium and yttrium, (Ca, Fe)2(Y,La)a(BaSin.aAl.z)s(O, OH, F, Cl)20 fro11 1 pegmatite in Cardiff township, Haliburton County, Ontario. Found as dark reddish brown to brownish black anhedral masses.Hardneis B$, specific gravity 8,08. Metamict; isotropic with n near 1.630. when the mineral is heated at 925" i the n increases to about 1.640 and the specific gravity to 8.20. At high temperatures the mineral decomposesbefore it recrystallizes and r-ray difiraction daticannol be obtained. spencite is related chemically to the minerals of the Datolite Group and may be iso- structural with them. It is named after the canadian mineralogist Hugh s. Spence. A re-examination of the little known mineral rowlandite from Baringer Hiil, Texas, establishesit as a valid species.Composition near (y, Fe, Ce)s(SiOa)r(F,0H). Metamict; with n 1.704. Hardness 5$, specific gravity 4.Bg; *-ray powder data are given foi material recrystallized in nitrogen at 900" c (with tnean n 1.76, specific gravity a.65). Spsxcne This new mineral was collected by Hugh S. Spence in 1gB4 from a prospect pit in Cardiff township, lot 7, concessionXX, Haliburton County, Ontario, and was tentatively identified as thalenite. It occurred as massesin a narrow pegmatite stringer in a vuggy pyroxenite, associated with calcite, red apatite crystals, diopside, purple fluorite, and wernerite, about 200 feet from an outcrop of normal reddish granite pegmatite. -
Cordierite-Anthophyllite Rocks at Rat Lake, Manitoba
., , .,. '-'-' . MANlTiBA DEPARTMENJ Of MINES. RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENTAl MANIiGEMENT MINERAL BES(lJRCES DIvtSION OPEN FIIB REPORl' 76/1 OORDlERI'l'FI-ANTHOPHIWTE ROCKS AT RAT LAKE, MlNI'l'OBA; A METAMORPHOSED ALTERATION ZONE By D. A. Baldwin 19'16 Electronic Capture, 2011 The PDF file from which this document was printed was generated by scanning an original copy of the publication. Because the capture method used was 'Searchable Image (Exact)', it was not possible to proofread the resulting file to remove errors resulting from the capture process. Users should therefore verify critical information in an original copy of the publication. .. :., ,.' . .... .- .• I Tt'! OF CC!fl!fl'S .. ' i. -, Page Ifttraduct10n 1 ," Glael'll QeoloIJ 3 · ~ · " "'ell.e. ot unJcnom aft1DitJ (3, 4) 4 .' Coderite-AnthopbJlllte Roc1c1 6 ~I beU'.I.DI l'Ockl 6 .. " Quarts tree l'Ockl 6 ChIld..tl7 ot the Rat take Cordier1tWnthophJllite " BoGIe. 11 Oripn ot the Cord1.r1te-Antho~1l1tl Rocke 15 0I0phJ11ft81 IW'VI),' 18 '. :,(~, Airbome INPUT IVVi,Y 18 ..16 IUl'VI)' 20 OoIIalulonl IDCi Recoanendatianl 21 Iet.rtnael 2, Appendix "A" 25 Appendix "I" 27 \ , I .. ·. ~ . : . ~ . ·-. - 1-· IN'lRODUCTION -==ar=====:==s COrdierite-anthophyllite rocks containing disseminated sulphides of il'Onand copper, and traces of molybdn1te outcrop on the south shore of a small bay at Rat take, Manitoba (Location "5", Fig. 1). These rocks are siDdlar to those that occur in association with massive sulphide ore bodies at the Sherridon MLne, Manitoba, and the Coronation Mine, Saskatchewan. '!'he outcrops are found in an amphibolitic unit within cordierite s1 1limarrlte-anthophyll1te-biotite gneisses of ''unknown affinity" (Schledewitz, 1972). -
Anthophyllite Asbestos: State of the Science Review Shannon H
Review article Received: 11 May 2016, Accepted: 17 May 2016 Published online in Wiley Online Library: 11 July 2016 (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI 10.1002/jat.3356 Anthophyllite asbestos: state of the science review Shannon H. Gaffneya*, Matthew Grespinb, Lindsey Garnicka, Derek A. Drechselb, Rebecca Hazanc,DennisJ.Paustenbachd and Brooke D. Simmonsa ABSTRACT: Anthophyllite is an amphibole form of asbestos historically used in only a limited number of products. No published resource currently exists that offers a complete overview of anthophyllite toxicity or of its effects on exposed human populations. We performed a review focusing on how anthophyllite toxicity was understood over time by conducting a comprehensive search of publicly available documents that discussed the use, mining, properties, toxicity, exposure and potential health effects of anthophyllite. Over 200 documents were identified; 114 contained relevant and useful information which we present chronolog- ically in this assessment. Our analysis confirms that anthophyllite toxicity has not been well studied compared to other asbestos types. We found that toxicology studies in animals from the 1970s onward have indicated that, at sufficient doses, anthophyllite can cause asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. Studies of Finnish anthophyllite miners, conducted in the 1970s, found an increased incidence of asbestosis and lung cancer, but not mesothelioma. Not until the mid-1990s was an epidemiological link with mesothelioma in humans observed. Its presence in talc has been of recent significance in relation to potential asbestos exposure through the use of talc-containing products. Characterizing the health risks of anthophyllite is difficult, and distinguishing between its asbestiform and non-asbestiform mineral form is essential from both a toxicological and regulatory perspective. -
Siu\,I-Bearing Alteration Product of Pectolite M
44 THE AMERICAN MINENAI,OGIST A NEW OCCURRENCE OF STEVENSITE, A MAGNE- SIU\,I-BEARING ALTERATION PRODUCT OF PECTOLITE M. L. CLENN Erie, Pennsglaonia IN rnn old Hartshorn qua,rry, in Springfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey, Mr. Louis Reamer of Short Hills, N. J., discovered a single vein of a peculiar mineral, called by the quarrymen "magnesium" (:talc?) and submitted samples of it to the writer for identification. It proved to be essentially identical with the hitherto imperfectly known steuensite,the nature of which is discussed in this article. The quarry lies some 16 miles southwest from the better known mineral localities around Paterson, but is in the same rock, the basalt of First Watchung Mountain. The rock is, if anything, more altered than that at Paterson, and the mineralogical association is some- what different from that at the latter place. The most unusual feature is the abundance of a secondary feldspar, in aggregates of sheaflike and " cocks-cotlb " crystals, whieh shows the op- tical properties of anorthoclase.I There are also t.rumeroussmall quartz crystals, usually iron-stained; drusy prehnite in small pockets; many calcite crystals; a little pectolite and datolite; and several zeolites. Of the Iatter natrolite, stilbite and heu- landite were the only ones noted by the writer, no trace of apo- phyllite, chabazite, or laumontite, so common at other similar localities, being observed. Some of the pectolite found at the quarry is of the usual type, silky radiations of fine needles, but the greater part of it shows marked evidenee of alteration, the color becoming more and more pinkish and the luster more and more waxy toward the outer ends of the radiations. -
Datolite, Schorl) and Alumosilicates (Andalusite, Sillimanite) in the Oketo Rhyolite, Hokkaido
Title Borosilicates (Datolite, Schorl) and Alumosilicates (Andalusite, Sillimanite) in the Oketo Rhyolite, Hokkaido Author(s) Watanabe, Jun; Hasegawa, Kiyoshi Citation 北海道大学理学部紀要, 21(4), 583-598 Issue Date 1986-02 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/36742 Type bulletin (article) File Information 21_4_p583-598.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Jour. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. IV, vo l. 21, no. 4, Feb., 1986, pp. 583-598. BOROSILICATES (DATOLITE, SCHORL) AND ALUMOSILICATES (ANDALUSITE, SILLIMANITE) IN THE OKETO RHYOLITE, HOKKAIDO by Jun Watanabe and Kiyoshi Hasegawa* (with 1 text-figure, 4 tables and 6 plates) Abstract The second occurrence of dalOlite in Hok kaido, after the first report from the Furano mine (Sako et a I. , 1957; Saw el aI., 1967), is herein described from the Oketo Rhyolite (Watanabe et aI., 1981a, 1981b), Kitami Province, Hokkaido. Datolite fr om the Oketo Rhyolite occurs in the small veinlets cutting the metasomatic facies of the rhyolite of the Miocene in trusion. Optical data of the datolite are: a= 1.625, (j; 1.652, ")'= 1. 669. 2Vx = 71. 0-72.0° . Lallice constalll s are: a = 9.62 A, b = 7.60 A, c = 4.83 A, ci a = 0.50, {j = 90° II ' . X-ray data is shown in Table I. Chemical data are: C3.4.o2B4. IISiJ.90015.96( OHkO-l to C34.23B3.68SW.IIOIS.93(O H)4.07 on the basis o f 20 (0, O H), namely as the empirical formula is given CaU)o.. 1.06 BI.OJ.O.92S iO.97. -
Asbestos in Commercial Cosmetic Talcum Powder As a Cause of Mesothelioma in Women
Asbestos in commercial cosmetic talcum powder as a cause of mesothelioma in women Ronald E. Gordon1, Sean Fitzgerald2, James Millette3 1Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, 2SAI Laboratory, Greensboro, NC, USA, 3MVA Inc., Duluth, GA, USA Background: Cosmetic talcum powder products have been used for decades. The inhalation of talc may cause lung fibrosis in the form of granulomatose nodules called talcosis. Exposure to talc has also been suggested as a causative factor in the development of ovarian carcinomas, gynecological tumors, and mesothelioma. Purpose: To investigate one historic brand of cosmetic talcum powder associated with mesothelioma in women. Methods: Transmission electron microscope (TEM) formvar-coated grids were prepared with concentra- tions of one brand of talcum powder directly, on filters, from air collections on filters in glovebox and simulated bathroom exposures and human fiber burden analyses. The grids were analyzed on an analytic TEM using energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) to determine asbestos fiber number and type. Results: This brand of talcum powder contained asbestos and the application of talcum powder released inhalable asbestos fibers. Lung and lymph node tissues removed at autopsy revealed pleural mesothelioma. Digestions of the tissues were found to contain anthophyllite and tremolite asbestos. Discussion: Through many applications of this particular brand of talcum powder, the deceased inhaled asbestos fibers, which then accumulated in her lungs and likely caused or contributed to her mesothelioma as well as other women with the same scenario. Keywords: Asbestos, Talcum powder, Chamber test, TEM, SEM, EDS, SAED, Mesothelioma Introduction In 1976, Rohl and Langer tested 20 consumer Malignant mesothelioma occurs in both the perito- products labeled as talc or talcum powder, including 1 neum and in the lung pleura.