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Sociological Survey Report Project Number: 39674 September 2008 Kyrgyz Republic: CAREC Transport Corridor I (Bishkek–Torugart Road) Project Prepared by Raya Osmonalieva For the Ministry of Transport and Communications, Kyrgyz Republic This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design.) SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT “BISHKEK-TORUGART ROAD PROJECT” PUBLIC OPINION AND ASSESMENTS Content I. Introduction 4 A. Poverty and Social Analysis (supplementary) 4 Background B. Objectives of report and general approach 4 C. Report structure 4 D. Methodology 5 Locations of social survey. 6 II. Opinions of interviewed citizens based on results of questioning and focus groups discussions. 6 Naryn town. A. The most acute problems of the town 7 B. Types of activities and incomes of population 8 C. Trips of citizens 11 D. Attitude of population to reconstruction of the road Bishkek-Torugart 12 E. Expectations from reconstruction of the road Bishkek-Torugart 12 F. Social groups, which will benefit 13 G. Attitude of women to reconstruction of the road. 13 H. Requests of population to road designers 13 III. Opinions of interviewed village inhabitants based on results of questioning and focus groups discussions. Ottyk village 14 A. The most acute problems of the village 14 B. Types of economic activities and incomes of the population 15 C. Social groups beneficiaries 16 D. Trips of village inhabitants 19 E. Women’s attitude to the reconstruction of the road 20 F. Most acute women’s problems 20 G. Attitude of the population to the reconstruction of Bishkek-Torugart road 21 H. Expectations from Bishkek-Torugart road reconstruction 21 J. Requests of the population to the road designers 22 VI. Village inhabitant’s opinion on results of questioning And focus group discussion. At-Bashy village 22 A. Most acute problems of the village 23 B. Kinds of economical activities and income of population 24 C. Inhabitants’ trips 27 D. Attitude of population to reconstruction of Bishkek-Torugart road 28 E. Expectations from reconstruction of Bishkek-Torugart road 28 F. Social groups that will get benefits 29 G. Women’s attitude to road reconstruction. 30 H. Negative consequences of road rehabilitation for women 30 V. Village inhabitants’ opinion on results of questioning and focus group discussions. Kara-Suu village 31 A. The most acute problems of the village 31 2 SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT “BISHKEK-TORUGART ROAD PROJECT” PUBLIC OPINION AND ASSESMENTS B. Types of economic activities and incomes of the population 32 C. Trips of village inhabitants 35 D. Village inhabitant’s attitude to reconstruction of Bishkek-Torugart road 36 E. Attitude of women to reconstruction of road 36 F. Expectations from Bishkek-Torugart road reconstruction 36 G. Requests of the population to the road designers 37 VI. Contribution of the Project into general economic growth 38 A. The project impact on poverty 38 B. Direct and indirect groups of beneficiaries 38 VII. Conclusions and Recommendations 39 A. Conclusions 39 B. Recommendations 40 Appendix 1. Report on meetings carried out with key officials during the first trip along Bishkek - Torugart road 43 Appendix 2. Public Hearing conducted by socio-ecological group on Small-Scale Technical Assistance for CAREC Road I (Bishkek-Torugart Road) project 46 Appendix 3. Interview with Kubanychbek Abdrakhmanovich Mamaev. The 1st deputy minister, Secretary of State of the Ministry of Transport and Communication 48 Appendix 4. Focus-group discussion conducted with people occupied by trade in “Holodnaya voda” section of the road 50 Appendix 5. Naryn region. General characteristic of the region. The main socio-economic indicators 52 Appendix 6. Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 61 Appendix 7. Country overview 64 3 SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT “BISHKEK-TORUGART ROAD PROJECT” PUBLIC OPINION AND ASSESMENTS 1. Introduction A. Poverty and Social Analysis (supplementary) Background 1. The Bishkek–Torugart road is about 500 kilometer (km) mostly two-lane national highway linking the Kyrgyz Republic and the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The Kyrgyz Republic’s Country Development and Road Sector Development strategies for 2007-2010 identified the rehabilitation of international Bishkek–Torugart road as one of the priority tasks in the road transport sector. Therefore, the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic, acting through its Ministry of Transport and Communications (MOTC), has requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and other donors to provide financing for the upgrading the road corridor in order to improve road safety, achieve shorter travel times and lower vehicle operating costs, enhance the welfare of poor people and increase trade and transit links between Kyrgyz Republic and the PRC. The improvement of the Bishkek–Torugart road will be implemented in series of three discrete projects. This proposal is for Project 1 (the Project). 2. These supplementary poverty and social analysis have been conducted in Naryn Oblast, where the project road will pass, i.e. covering km 278 – km 478. It describes the main socioeconomic profile along the road, assesses social and poverty impacts of the intended road development. Analyses and proposes measures that will supplement the Project in poverty reduction in design zone. Recommended social activities are included in Report. B. Objectives of report and general approach 3. This report presents results of conducted sociological field researches, interviews with interested key persons at oblast, rayon and village level, public hearings with interested persons of design zone. Objectives of the report: · To describe results of conducted sociological field researches, meetings with interested persons; · To represent quantitative information, obtained as a result of data processing (results of conducted field researches) in the text form. 4. Approach and methodology in present analysis are used as represented in final report “Facilitation of Transport Cooperation Among Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Countries”. Phase 2. TA - 6294 - REG. «Handbook on Poverty and Social Analysis, Section 3. Poverty and Social Analysis in Project Preparation, ADB» is also taken for consideration. The report reflects opinions of interviewed people and their comments, quantitative data of field researches, comments of key interested persons and public hearings. С. Report structure 5. Report is represented in several chapters. Chapter II describes the most acute problems of Naryn city, population’s kinds of activities and their incomes. Attitude of population to road reconstruction and their expectations. Groups which will obtain benefits are determined. Chapter III includes opinions of Ottyk village inhabitants. The most acute problems of village, population’s kinds of activities and their incomes. Social groups which will obtain benefits are determined. Attitude of population to road reconstruction and their expectations from reconstruction. 4 SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT “BISHKEK-TORUGART ROAD PROJECT” PUBLIC OPINION AND ASSESMENTS Chapter IV describes the most acute problems of At-Bashy village, population’s kinds of activities and their incomes. Social groups which will obtain benefits are determined. Attitude of population to road reconstruction and their expectations from reconstruction. Chapter of the V describes the most acute problems of Kara-Suu village, population’s kinds of activities and their incomes. Attitude of population to road reconstruction. Attitude of women to road reconstruction. Social groups which will obtain benefits are determined. Chapter VI describes impact of Project on poverty, direct and indirect beneficiaries. Chapter VII contains conclusions and recommendations. Appendixes, interviews with key interested persons, synthesis of public hearings with population of the design zone, statistical information. Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy. Country overview. D. Methodology 6. Purpose of social study: to find out attitude of the population to Bishkek – Torugart road rehabilitation, their opinions and appraisals regarding implementation of the project. 7. Statistical data collection. Statistics data on settlements located close to Bishkek – Torugart road have been collected. 8. Direct observation. All group members responsible for field study conducted observation. 9. Focus group discussions. In each selected for the sociological study settlements (Ottyk village (Naryn rayon), Naryn town, At-Bashy village and Karasuu village (At-Bashy rayon) two focus group discussions have been conducted: men and women together, as well as one separate focus group discussion for women. There were total eight focus group discussions. Discussions have been conducted in free environment: everyone could speak out his/her opinion as it was. Discussions have been recorded not miss any of the spoken out opinions. Guidelines for the conducting of the focus group discussions for each group have been developed in advance. Experienced moderators conducted discussions in the groups. There were total 100 participants in the focus group discussions: 38 men and 62 women. Those were people of different ages and occupation. The results of focus group discussions have been transcribed later (dictaphone records during conducting of focus group discussions). 10. Questionnaires.
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