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Euskal Jokoa Eta Jolasa Transmitting a Basque Heritage Through Games and Play

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Euskal Jokoa Eta Jolasa Transmitting a Basque Heritage Through Games and Play cub ingl jokoa eta jolasa 10/1/06 08:20 Pagina 1 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K ISBN 84-457-2404-5 9 788445 724040 Compuesta Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 2 Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 3 Euskal jokoa eta jolasa transmitting a Basque heritage through games and play Clara Urdangarin Liebaert Joseba Etxebeste Otegi (Coordinators) LEHENDAKARITZA PRESIDENCIA Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco Vitoria-Gasteiz, 2005 Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 9/1/06 12:23 Página 4 Euskal jokoa eta jolasa : transmitting a Basque heritage through games and play / Clara Urdangarin Liebaert, Joseba Etxebeste Otegi (coordinators). — 1st ed. - Vitoria-Gasteiz : Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia = Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco, 2005 p. ; cm. + 1 CD-ROM ISBN 84-457-2404-5 1. Juegos populares-Euskal Herria. 2. Deportes-Euskal Herria. I. Urdangarin Liebaert, Clara. II. Etxebeste Otegi, Joseba. III. Euskadi. Lehendakaritza. 394.3(460.15/.16+447.9) 796(460.15/.16+447.9) Edition: 1st, December, 2005 Print run: 500 copies © Administration of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country Presidency Coordination: Clara Urdangarin Liebaert, Joseba Etxebeste Otegi Illustrations: I.G. Holgado (of the cover image: Kukuxumusu + bokart) Internet: www.euskadi.net Published by: Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco Basque Government Central Publication Service Donostia-San Sebastián, 1. 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz Printing: RGM, S.A. Padre Larramendi, 2 - 48012 Bilbao Traducción: Bitez ISBN: 84-457-2404-5 National Book Catalogue Number: BI - 36/06 Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 5 Presentation Gaztemundu is a programme that was conceived with two main goals: to make young people of Basque centres aware of the current reality of the Basque Country and to integrate the new generations within the active life of the Basque centres. The early editions of the programme, which has been running since 1996, were limited to a series of tourist, cultural and institutional visits. However, since the 2002 edition, a series of training courses for the participants selected have been staged so that the visit they make to the land of their forefathers will have an in situ training element in different areas of knowledge. Following the success of the last editions, mainly due to the quality of the monographic courses scheduled hitherto (courses for management training, courses for extending the repertoires of the dance group…), the 2005 edition saw the need to cover a space which had not yet been addressed: working with children. In a major number of Basque centres, there are free-time groups which work with children, and not always in the dance-related activity, which is the most widespread one. We aim to foster the work of people that work with these groups, realising that the possibilities in this area are limitless. Thus, and taking the model of the Udaleku or Music Camp, as our reference, and which is held every year in the United States, organised by the Federation of Basque Centres (NABO) since halfway through the seventies, contact was made with the Basque Institute of Physical Education (IVEF) with a view to affording our approach the highest possible academic level. This publication contains the materials prepared by the teachers of the IVEF, and will be sent to all the Basque centres in the world, whether or not they have groups of children at the moment, to provide them with tools to guarantee the transmission of the Basque heritage through games and play. Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 6 I would like to thank Joseba Etxebeste and Clara Urdangarin for their enthusiasm in coordinating the programme and also this publication which, in view of the number of applications received for attending it, has created a lot of expectation. JOSU LEGARRETA BILBAO Euskal Gizataldeekiko Harremanetarako Zuzendaria Director for Relations with Basque Communities Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 7 Contents Prologue . 9 Jokoa and Jolasa: two Basque concepts for leisure time . 15 • Children’s Games, Basqueness and Diaspora . 17 Joseba Etxebeste Otegi and Clara Urdangarin Liebaert • Games for sharing, repeating and competing . 43 Carmen Ereño and Alfredo López de Sosoaga • Repertoire of traditional games: jokoa, jolasa and jolasa-jokoa . 55 Carmen Ereño, Joseba Etxebeste, Alfredo López de Sosoaga and Clara Urdangarin The fiesta and the town square: a space of presentation to the community . 121 • Euskal pilota: the teaching of pelota vasca . 123 Oidui Usabiaga Arruabarrena and Beñat Amenabar Perurena • Herri kirolak: sports activities which specifically contribute to the promotion and enjoyment of the emotion of sports . 159 Miren Egibar Artola • Modalities of herri kirolak for the new generations . 179 Ruth Cayero Alkorta • Children’s celebrations as a process of socialisation for learning and transmitting the Basque popular culture. Contributions from pedagogical and didactic actions . 199 Beatriz Garai Ibañez de Elejalde Friends and nature: building the group and the team . 237 • Traditional rowing: a good way to spend your leisure time . 239 Julen Idarreta Galárraga and Luix Maria Zulaika Isasti • Mountain bike routes: reinventing the pleasure of sharing . 255 Axier Oiarbide Goikoetxea Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 8 • Excursions to the summit . 267 Iñaki Ortúzar Ojanguren The musical expressions of jokoa and jolasa . 287 • Dances and dancing: the search for harmony . 289 Janire Lasa Arrizabalaga, Jon Fernández Pérez deMendiguren, Elena Gzl. de Artaza Rz. de Larrinaga and Pedro Ignacio Elosegi González de Gamarra • Songs and music, encompassing everything . 309 Garbiñe Ortega Note: this publication consists of a DVD attachment, with the repertoire of dances and songs of Gaztemundu. Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 9 Prologue This year Gaztemundu will focus on disseminating the recreational cultural world of children and young people in the Basque country. Our idea is simply to participate in the education of young generations to develop the values of the Basque culture; values which, as we shall see, build their significance by taking the main house, or etxea as reference. We shall see how relationships based on the house impregnate the life of children and are embodied in their games, dances and the stories of their songs. The programme targets all the members of the Basque centres who are particularly interested in promoting and driving the participation of children and young people in the dynamics of their communities. We thus try to build bridges to unite the Basque country and the other Basque communities spread out over the world to generate new ideas, new directions, to increase the empowerment of these young Basque people. In Gaztemundu 2005, dances, pelota and music, the distinguishing elements of Basque culture, will be accompanied by other no less important and attractive popular manifestations such as the herri kirolak, traineras, rowing boats, mountain activities or games for children’s parties. We shall learn their rules, their characteristics and how to play them. Playing them will allow us to think about what these modalities of jokoa and jolasa give us or can offer in the communities outside the Basque country. Our idea is for the programme to be like a training course and a workshop that provide food for thought, and to promote the coexistence of overseas Basques and those who stayed in the Old World. Our wish is that all the participants can enjoy the experience of the contact with the plural reality of the Basque Country, with its peoples, problems, educational system, and its debates between tradition and modernity. Is the future of a nation not built through the actions of the present? 9 Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 10 We will be working on three main objectives in Gaztemundu: • Firstly, we want the participants in this project to be aware of the influence that traditional society has had on the world of games and play, dances and the leisure time of children and young people in modern Basque society. • Secondly, we want them to know and play games, dance, sing and enjoy other more or less popular activities, not only as a source of resources, but as an experience to be shared by all and to debate their effects both in terms of socialisation and cultural characteristics. • Finally, and very important, the project aims to be an open forum for reflection where the participants, on the basis of the theory and practice acquired, evaluate the possibilities of action for the organization and practice of activities and children’s and juvenile programmes in their own Basque communities, wherever they may be. The three objectives seek to create lasting links between the different Basque communities in order to open up possibilities and to encourage children to participate and play a leading role in the current euskal etxeas. The course is organised following the notions of Jokoa and Jolasa, which will be the cornerstone for all the contents presented. These two recreational concepts of Basque culture, closely related to the home, to the household group that lives in it, to the holiday calendar and to material culture, determine two models of behaviour as opposed to those of “outside” —kanpokoak— and to those of “home” —etxekoak—. We shall illustrate these base ideas using the Basque We shall illustrate these base ideas using the Basque children’s recreational culture, an example of the traditional European culture that is very common to Western culture. We shall also go into greater depth in the jokoa and jolasa in the Basque country at the present. Pelota and herri kirolak will be presented as 10 Euskal Jokoa_EN RGM.qxp 30/12/05 10:47 Página 11 illustrative of this recreational jokoa which arouses so much passion and acts as an undisputed symbol of Euskal Herria.
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