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New Trends in Tourism Research a Polish Perspective NEW TRENDS IN TOURISM RESEARCH A POLISH PERSPECTIVE EDITORS Francisco Dias | Simão Oliveira Joanna Kosmaczewska | Ângela Pereira AUTHORS Agata Kobyłka Agnieszka Rak Anna Para Anna Teodorowicz Bartosz Marchwacki Bartosz Prabucki Dawid Szutowski Izabela Pruska Joanna Biernacka Kamel Marta Karolina Chlebosz Magdalena Kachniewska Magdalena Kugiejko Magdalena Zdyb Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa Małgorzata Woźniewicz–Dobrzyńska Marlena A. Bednarska Michał Gazdecki Monika Kordowska Monika Wojcieszak Piasta Marek Rafał Maćkowiak Sylwia Gorecka ISBN | 978-989-98965-2-9 Disclaimer While all reasonable efforts have been made to gather the most current and appropriate information, the editors do not give any warranty as to the correctness, completeness or suitability of the information, and disclaims all responsibility for and shall in no event be liable for any errors or for any loss or damage that might be suffered as a consequence of any person acting or refraining from acting or otherwise relying on this information. Title New Trends in Tourism Research - A Polish Perspective Editors Francisco Dias Simão Oliveira Joanna Kosmaczewska Ângela Pereira ISBN 978-989-98965-2-9 Copyright © GITUR – Tourism Research Group of Polytechnic Institute of Leiria All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part of this book may be eproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher. Any enquiries should be directed to [email protected] First edition published in Portugal in 2014 by GITUR - Tourism Research Group of Polytechnic Institute of Leiria New Trends in Tourism Research – A Polish Perspective Francisco Dias | Simão Oliveira | Joanna Kosmaczewska | Ângela Pereira New Trends in Tourism Research - A Polish Perspective This Monograph is composed with selected articles of PhD students from many Polish universities. These articles are a selection of papers submitted to the II International Conference of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation 2014 (EJTHR 2014), that took place in Poznan (Poland), on 19th -21st May, 2014. The Conference was co-organized by the following entities: . GITUR – Tourism Research Unit of the Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (Portugal) . European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation - EJTHR . University School of Physical Education in Poznan (Poland) . University of Economy in Bydgoszcz (Poland) Edited by GITUR’s members Francisco Dias | Simão Oliveira | Joanna Kosmaczewska | Ângela Pereira All selected articles were double-blind peer reviewed by the members of Editorial Board of the EJTHR - European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation Peniche | Portugal 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 7 Joanna Kosmaczewska INTRODUCTION 9 Francisco Dias | Simão Oliveira PART 1 - CULTURAL TOURISM 1.1. ACTUAL TRENDS IN TOURISM TO MUSEUMS 20 Kamel Marta | Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa | Piasta Marek 1.2. EDUCATIONAL TRAIL AS A FORM OF POPULARIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 42 OF THE OLD TOWN AND THE NEW TOWN IN ŁÓDŹ Magdalena Zdyb 1.3. BASQUE FESTIVAL ASTE NAGUSIA AS AN INTERESTING EXAMPLE OF CULTURAL 80 AND SPORT TOURISM ATTRACTION Bartosz Prabucki PART 2 - NATURE TOURISM AND ENVIRONMENT 2.1. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN GERMANY 99 Bartosz Marchwacki 2.2. THE AREA STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN GREEN 118 SPACE IN POZNAŃ, SZCZECIN AND WROCŁAW FROM 2006 TO 2010 Monika Wojcieszak | Michał Gazdecki 2.3. ORNITHOLOGICAL TOURISM IN POLAND AS AN EXAMPLE OF SUSTAINABLE 130 TOURISM Monika Kordowska PART 3 - MEETINGS, INCENTIVES, CONFERENCES AND EVENTS 3.1. DETERMINANTS OF CONVENTION & CONFERENCE SITE SELECTION: THE POLISH 150 EVENT PLANNERS’ PERSPECTIVE Anna Para | Magdalena Kachniewska 3.2. THE SCIENTIST AS A CONSUMER AT MEETINGS MARKET: QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 163 BASED ON A COMPARISON Sylwia Gorecka PART 4 - HEALTH AND MEDICAL TOURISM 4.1. DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH TOURISM AND ITS IMPACT ON SHAPING HEALTHY 178 LIFESTYLE BEHAVIOR Izabela Pruska 4.2. AN ANALYSIS OF INNOVATION OF MEDICAL TOURISM IN THE REGION OF WESTERN 191 POMERANIA Joanna Biernacka 4.4. SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF INNOVATIONS ON TOURISM ENTERPRISE MARKET 205 VALUE: EVENT STUDY APPROACH Dawid Szutowski | Marlena A. Bednarska PART 5 - OTHER TOURISM ISSUES 5.1. TOURISM ACTIVITY AMONG STUDENTS IN POZNAŃ 218 Magdalena Kugiejko 5.2. THE IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS OF THE TOURIST 234 ATTRACTIVENESS OF CITIES FOR STUDENTS Agata Kobyłka 5.3. THE SPECIFICITY OF THE PHENOMENON OF SECOND HOMES IN POLAND 248 Rafał Maćkowiak PART 6 - PHYSICAL RECREATION AND SPORT 6.1. ROLE OF PHYSICAL RECREATION IN A MODERN WORLD 265 Agnieszka Rak 6.2. TEMPERAMENTAL AND MOTIVATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF PARTICIPATION IN 279 ADVENTURE RACING Karolina Chlebosz 6.3. SPORT AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY WITH A DOG: PSYCHOSOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE 296 OF DOG OWNERSHIP Anna Teodorowicz | Małgorzata Woźniewicz – Dobrzyńska FOREWORD Joanna Kosmaczewska University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poland Department of Tourism Economics and Organisation According to the Polish Act of law concerning higher education dated July 27th 2005, doctoral studies are considered to be the studies of the third stage. Their main objective is not only to award a postgraduate student the title of a doctor, but also provide him with specific knowledge in particular domain and specialisation and prepare him for conducting his own independent research work. The number of postgraduate students in Poland in the academic year 2012/2013 amounted to 42, 295 people, 92% of which were carrying out their studies at state-run universities or higher schools. Obviously, universities play a dominating role in offering postgraduate studies, basically due to possessing appropriate resources of professional staff. These are the places where 48% of all Polish postgraduate students continue their postgraduate studies1. Unfortunately, a high number of postgraduate students is not reflected by the number of already started Ph.D. courses. Moreover, mainly due to a significant baby bust, fewer and fewer people awarded a doctorate degree decide to stay in higher education sector as more and more of them find jobs in public or private enterprises. Due to the fact that in Poland tourism is not considered to be a kind of science, there is no possibility to get awarded a doctorate degree in this domain. Thus, all the researchers of tourism related topics are forced to carry out their studies within the frames of such branches of science as economy, agriculture, physical education or some humanistic ones. The main reason for this is that in Poland there exists an opinion that the basic barrier that interferes treating tourism as a kind of science is the lack of sufficient methodological base. Unfortunately, such approach, apart from its undoubtable advantages like interdisciplinary character of researches and analyses that are being conducted, shows some significant 1 Higher Education Institutions and their Finances in 2012, Central Statistical Office, Warsaw 2013, p. 157 disadvantages since it results in the lack of the holistic view of the causes and effects of tourism development. An excellent opportunity for exchanging opinions and information on the conducted, often in a fragmentary way, researches are scientific conferences. Thanks to the subsidy provided by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education for DUN contest - the activity popularising science - it was possible to finance the participation of 40 postgraduate students in the II International Conference of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation organized in Poznan. As a part of the above mentioned contest it is also possible to execute the tasks supporting the development of Polish science, mainly by means of its popularization and promotion. The recruitment of potential postgraduate students (for positions offered as a part of DUN contest) was done through the conference website and mailing aimed directly at scientific environment and the conference co-organizers. The main criterion used for selecting the best possible candidates for postgraduates was the quality of the abstract they sent in and their research work done so far. The postgraduate students who got qualified to participate in the conference represented 15 Polish universities. For all the participants of the conference mentioned above, i.e. scientists, practitioners and postgraduates representing almost all areas of widely defined free time industry (tourism, recreation, hotel business), the most desired effect of the organization of this conference was the opportunity to meet and discuss important issues concerning current matters of particular areas of science and those included in the conference agenda. It was also a perfect opportunity for the Polish researchers to present the results of their research work on international forum (work took place in subgroups specially created to discuss particular topics) and give them the chance to start new relationships that might result in future scientific co-operation. The conference organizers would like to express their sincere and deep gratitude to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education for supporting the event financially, promoting young scientists (postgraduates) and helping to make a big step forward in order to internationalise our local university. We would like to direct our special thanks to the representatives of the academic staff who, participating in the conference, kindly consented to back this international initiative. NEW TRENDS IN TOURISM RESEARCH – A
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