WEEKEND EDITION All the News Without Fear or Favor The DaIly Volume 65 issue 70 Saturday-Sunday, October 1-2, 2016 2,000 riel/50 cents to Leave Refuge To Register

By Kuch NareN the cambodia daily Deputy opposition leader Kem Sokha said on Friday that he will leave his refuge at the CNRP’s headquarters in Phnom Penh next week to join the more than 3.7 mil- lion Cambodians who have regis- tered to vote in upcoming com- mune and national elections. “I will go to register next week,” Mr. Sokha announced on his Face- book page. The acting CNRP president has refused to leave the party’s head- quarters since police attempted to arrest him in May over charges re- lated to a “prostitution” case widely seen as being politically motivated. Last month, a municipal court judge sentenced Mr. Sokha to five Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte gestures during a news conference upon his arrival home from a state months in prison for failing to ap- visit to Vietnam at the International Airport in Davao City, Philippines, on Friday. pear for questioning at the court. Authorities have said they will not attempt to arrest Mr. Sokha until he Philippines’ Duterte Likens Himself to Hitler finishes appealing the case, even as they have staged military maneu- ReuteRS take a tougher line with the Philip- Noting that Hitler had mur- vers around the headquarters. MANILA - Philippines President pines leader. Duterte recently in- dered millions of Jews, Duterte Mr. Sokha did not say on which Rod rigo Duterte appeared to liken sulted U.S. President Barack Oba- said: “There are 3 million drug ad- day he would register, but called himself to Nazi leader Adolf Hitler ma and in a series of remarks he dicts [in the Philippines]. I’d be on voting age Cambodians to reg- on Friday and said he would “be has undermined the previously happy to slaughter them.” ister in their home communes and happy” to exterminate 3 million close relationship between Manila “If Germany had Hitler, the to “vote and choose the local lead- drug users and peddlers in the and Washington. Philippines would have...,” he said, ers that brothers and sisters are country. In a rambling speech on his ar- pausing and pointing to himself. wishing” to see elected. His comments triggered shock rival in Davao City after a visit to “You know my victims. I would

“I hope you will take this time to and anger among Jewish groups Vietnam, Duterte told reporters like [them] to be all criminals to fin- in the U.S., which will add to pres- Continued on page 2 that he had been “portrayed to be ish the problem of my country and sure on the U.S. government to a cousin of Hitler” by critics. Continued on page 2 Program Looks to Keep Psychologists Sane BITTER By rayNa StacKhouSe ans coping with war-related post- gists to provide professional sup- CUCUMBERS the cambodia daily traumatic stress disorder—esti- port to their peers treating patients In a country with one of the mated at up to a third of the adult across the country. world’s highest rates of psycholog- population—and other mental ill- Lim Bouyheak, a 31-year-old ical stress, Cambodia has a re- nesses, as well as abuse, exploita- psychologist, and 10 other stu- markably low number of psychol- tion and domestic violence, has cre- dents are in the first supervision ogists, and is struggling to retain ated oversized workloads for the class. Over six months, the stu- those who go to work on the front- country’s trained professionals. dents will receive classroom train- lines of the field. The potential for burnout among ing and opportunities to put their An Excerpt From an Upcoming A new program at the Royal Uni- providers of psychiatric care is of skills into practice in the field. Graphic Novel by Sera Weekend cover Story versity of Phnom Penh (RUPP) is such a concern that the university Ms. Bouyheak knows firsthand hoping to change that. is offering a course in clinical super- how difficult it can be to handle an cambodiadaily.com The sheer numbers of Cambodi- vision that aims to train psycholo- Continued on page 4

The Daily of Record Since 1993 2 The CambODIa DaIly SatuRday-Sunday, octobeR 1-2, 2016 aNd also Newsmakers

■Grammy-Award winning pop singer Lady GaGa will play the halftime Putt-Putt Anti-Missile Defense show at next year’s Super Bowl, the musician and U.S. National Football ReuteRS would be deployed in the Seongju League said on Thursday. “The rumors are true. This year the SUPER SEOUL- South Korea’s military aims region, southeast of the capital, BOWL goes GAGA!” the musician said on Twitter. The NFL retweeted to deploy an advanced U.S. missile Seoul, to defend the country. But the message, adding “Can’t wait. Let’s do this!” Super Bowl LI is slated defense unit on a golf course, a De- residents of the melon-farming to be held in Houston on February 5. The NFL said this would be the fense Ministry official said on Fri- area protested over the likelihood second appearance for Lady Gaga on the Super Bowl stage, opening day, after it had to scrap its initial it would be a target for North Ko- last February’s game with a performance of the national anthem. The site for the battery in the face of op- rea if war broke out. Super Bowl is the most-watched event on U.S. television drawing more position from residents. It was not clear how the military than 100 million viewers and the most expensive TV program for adver- In July, South Korea agreed with would acquire the new golf-course tisers, who pay millions to secure 30-second commercial spots. Last the U.S. that a Terminal High Alti- site, however, reportedly worth year’s half time show featured BeyoNce, coLdpLay and BruNo marS. tude Area Defense anti-missile unit about $91 million. (Reuters)

that more than 3.79 million, or 39 of migrants workers from cities and Some 1,644 commune council Sokha... percent, of Cambodia’s 9.66 mil- nearby countries who return home seats will be up for grabs in the lion eligible voters had registered for the festivities of the ancestral June 4, 2017, commune elections, coNtiNued from paGe 1 as of Thursday evening, but that holiday. CNRP officials unsuccess- which have historically swung register for the election and decide the process would be paused on fully petitioned the NEC to register heavily in favor of the ruling CPP, our destiny and future,” he said. Friday and Saturday. voters throughout the holiday. with its grassroots networks that Sam Sokong, an attorney on Mr. “During the Pchum Ben holi- Overhauling the voter roster with first took root in the socialist 1980s. Sokha’s legal team, said on Friday day from September 30 to October a new, electronic system was a key The CNRP has urged support- that his client would register to 1, 2016, there is no temporary tal- piece of the CNRP’s 2014 political ers to register in their hometowns vote in Phnom Penh’s Tuol Kok lies of voters registrations,” it said, compromise with the ruling CPP. rather than Phnom Penh, which district, where his home is located, citing vacationing election officials. The rolls used in the 2013 national has long been a bastion of opposi- adding that an appeal in his case Registrations will resume again on elections were marred by irregular- tion support, in an effort to increase would be filed next week. Sunday, the NEC said. ities, including hundreds of thou- the number of seats it captures in The National Election Commit- The holiday period offers a rare sands of names appearing multiple the National Assembly during the tee (NEC) reported on its website window to register for the millions times or not appearing at all. 2018 general election.

Two days before the Philippines country.” the latest remarks from Duterte, Duterte... election, outgoing President Be- He also reiterated there will be said Washington had an “ironclad” nigno Aquino had warned that no annual war games between the alliance with Manila. coNtiNued from paGe 1 Duterte’s rising popularity was Philippines and the U.S. until the A senior U.S. defense official, save the next generation from akin to that of Hitler in the 1920s end of his six-year term, placing also speaking earlier, told reporters perdition.” and 1930s. the longstanding alliance under a that the U.S. had a long enduring Duterte was voted to power in a “I hope we learn the lessons of his- cloud of doubt. It also may make relationship with the Philippines re- May election on the back of a vow tory,” Aquino said in widely reported Washington’s strategy of rebalanc- gardless of who was president. to end drugs and corruption in the remarks. ing its military focus toward Asia in “It’s going to continue to survive country of 100 million people. He “We should remember how the face of an increasingly as- based on what we think are strong took office on June 30 and over Hitler came to power.” sertive China much more difficult U.S.-Philippines common security 3,100 people have been killed to achieve. interests, so we’ll be engaging since then, mostly alleged drug Still, U.S. Defense Secretary Pres ident Duterte further,” the of- users and dealers, in police opera- Ash ton Carter, speaking before ficial said. tions and in vigilante killings. “It is baffling why any His comments were quickly leader would want to ------National Brief ------condemned by Jewish groups. model himself after such Rabbi Abraham Cooper, head of Cambodian Zika Fears Prompt US Travel Warning the Simon Wiesenthal Center’s a monster.” The U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) issued a travel notice on Digital Terrorism and Hate pro- —todd GutNicK, Thursday advising pregnant women to consider putting off travel to Cam- ject, called them “outrageous.” aNti-defamatioN LeaGue bodia because of possible complications from the Zika virus, though it has “Duterte owes the victims [of been six years since an infection was reported in the country. “CDC rec- the Holocaust] an apology for his ommends pregnant women should consider postponing non-essential disgusting rhetoric.” travel to Southeast Asia countries with reports of Zika virus infection from The Anti-Defamation League, Duterte has been scathing about local transmission or related to travel to those countries,” the advisory an international Jewish group criticism of his anti-drugs cam- says. The notice also covers Thailand, Vietnam and eight other Asian based in the U.S., said Duterte’s paign and has insulted the U.N. countries. The mosquito-borne and sexually transmitted virus, which can comments were “shocking for and the E.U., as well as Obama, at cause severe birth defects, has spread throughout the region over the their tone-deafness”. various times in recent weeks. past two months. Still, the advisory notes that the “level of this risk is un- “The comparison of drug users On Friday, reacting to critical known and likely lower than in areas where Zika virus is newly intro- and dealers to Holocaust victims is comments on his war on drugs by duced and spreading widely.” The Ministry of Health could not be inappropriate and deeply offen- U.S. Senators Patrick Leahy and reached for comment on Friday. Ministry spokesman Ly Sovann said last sive,” said Todd Gutnick, the Benjamin Cardin, Duterte said: month that the country had not reported a new case since 2010, but was group’s director of communica- “Do not pretend to be the moral not taking any chances. “The Ministry of Health has fumigated all over tions. “It is baffling why any leader conscience of the world. Do not be cities and provinces across the country,” he said. The ministry has also would want to model himself after the policeman because you do not launched an educational campaign on the virus using vehicles mounted such a monster.” have the eligibility to do that in my with loudspeakers and banners. (Ben Paviour and Chhorn Phearun) Saturday-Sunday, october 1-2, 2016 The Cambodia daily 3 NatioNal Fake Pistol Cambodia’s Envoy to UN Hits Back at EU By GeorGe WriGht ernment would not welcome “any politically motivated. He is current- Helps Woman the cambodia daily interference into our internal af- ly holed up in the party’s headquar- Cambodia’s permanent repre- fairs” aimed at “destabilizing” the ters pending an appeal. sentative to the U.N. shot back at government. In the ensuing days, Prime Min- Escape From concerns raised by an E.U. repre- “We oppose any hidden agenda, ister ordered military exer- sentative in Geneva regarding “the which exploits human rights; and cises outside the opposition head- deterioration of the human rights serves as a political tool to vilify the quarters and threatened to “elimi- Prey Speu situation,” claiming the criticisms Government reputation,” he said. nate” those who dared to demon- By Buth KiMsay were outdated due to the political He was responding to a state- strate against the government. Days the cambodia daily “tranquility” of the past week. ment by Fedor Rosocha, Slova- later, with the CNRP softening its A detainee escaped from Ney Samol said the concerns, kia’s permanent representative at rhetoric, the premier announced a Phnom Penh’s Prey Speu social af- noted in a statement at a U.N. Hu- the U.N., who said the E.U. was tentative political “cease-fire.” fairs center on Friday after her man Rights Council session in concerned about “the deteriora- Contacted on Friday, Wan-Hea boyfriend and another man threat- Geneva, were misplaced as there tion of the human rights situation Lee, country head of the U.N.’s Of- ened a security guard with a fake had been a recent de-escalation in in Cambodia.” fice of the High Commissioner for pistol, but was rearrested after a tensions in the country. “We call on the Cambodian au- Human Rights, welcomed the getaway crash, police said. “These statements do not catch thorities to allow the opposition to “cease-fire,” but listed a number of The escape happened around up well with the positive evolve- freely carry out their legitimate issues that were yet to be ad- midday, when the pair visited 24- ment of political situation in Cam- role, without threats or intimida- dressed, including a lack of infor- year-old Khem Sreypich at the bodia, particularly with the occur- tion and to ensure a safe and en- mation about the investigation center in Pur Senchey district’s rence of tranquility atmosphere abling environment for human into the July murder of political an- rights defenders and civil society,” alyst Kem Ley and the “weak” Choam Chao commune, district since last week, after Samdech Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister, Mr. Rosocha said on Thursday. charges hanging over members police chief Yem Saran said. unilaterally declared the ending of Earlier this month, the opposi- of civil society and the CNRP. After talking for about an hour, political polemic,” Mr. Samol said tion was threatening mass protests “The weaknesses in the admin- Ms. Sreypich attempted to leave on Thursday, according to an Eng- after its deputy leader, Kem Sokha, istration of justice cannot be over- with the two men, but was blocked lish transcription of the speech. was sentenced to five months in jail come solely with a political de- by a security guard. One of the Mr. Samol added that the gov- on charges widely perceived to be tente,” Ms. Lee said in an email. men then drew a fake pistol and pointed it at the guard, who al- lowed them to leave, he said. Sketches Show Process Behind Artist’s Memorial The three jumped on a Suzuki motorbike and fled the facility, he By Michelle Vachon “There is nothing that speaks to Francais in Phnom Penh. said. the cambodia daily today’s people, today’s youth in Sera did not want a monument Police were quickly alerted and Nearly three decades ago, Cambodia,” he said. “The idea of explicitly portraying Khmer set up a checkpoint in Choam French-Cambodian artist Sera em- proposing a memorial came from Rouge violence, yet, it had to re- Chao, but the group drove straight barked on a singular journey that the realization of that void.” flect the events of April 17, 1975, through it. Police on motorbikes would soon define his life. Born in June 1961 as Ing Phous - when they seized power and force- eventually managed to cut them Becoming an artist in Paris in the era, Sera left Phnom Penh with his fully displaced the populations out off near the Attwood Business 1980s, he was haunted by the French mother in April 1975 along of the cities, he said. Center in Sen Sok district’s Toek events that were tearing Cambodia with the other foreigners that the “It had to be a figure that would Thla Commune, Mr. Saran said. apart. He began reading every- Khmer Rouge escorted out of the convey Khmer people’s suffer- After the group crashed its get- thing published on the subject and country. His Cambodian father ing...through its design,” he said. away motorbike, Ms. Spreypich interviewing scores of people who was not allowed to leave and died The monument consists of a and Oun Rothanak, 23, were de- had lived through those events. during the regime. horizontal bronze figure seeming- tained and sent to the district po- His research led to the publica- He spent three years developing ly tumbling into the void. It will in- lice station, while her boyfriend— tion of three graphic novels cover- a concept for his memorial. Some clude a pond—but not a wall, as whose name Mr. Saran said he ing the civil war of the early 1970s, of the sketches and artwork he pro- Sera previously planned, due to could not remember—managed the Khmer Rouge regime and its af- duced in the run-up to the final de- lack of funds. He said he hopes to to escape from the scene and re- termath. His most ambitious work sign will be shown in an exhibition erect the monument next year on opening Thursday and running the median across from the mained at large. will be released early next year. A 312-page novel, entitled “Con- through November 3 at the Institut French Embassy. “After the police cut in front of combres Amers,” or “Bitter Cu- the suspects’ motorbike, the sus- cumbers,” will recount the events pects fell on the ground and one that led to the Khmer Rouge victory suspect got up and fled on foot,” in April 1975 (an excerpt from the he said. “The police were able to novel is featured in The Cambodia arrest only the driver and the lady.” Daily’s magazine this weekend). The fake pistol and motorbike “I felt it was urgent to set aside were confiscated, and officials the erroneous ideas that most peo- were attempting to locate the ple spread on that period, that is, boyfriend, he added. from 1967 through 1975, and which Although Prey Speu is touted as caused Cambodia to get engulfed a rehabilitation center for vulnera- into the war, a war which is itself lit- ble citizens, critics say the center is tle known,” he said on Thursday. essentially dumping ground for In the early 2010s, during his vagrants, sex workers and drug work to chronicle the era, Sera re- users, who have long complained alized there was no monument in of sexual and physical abuse by Phnom Penh commemorating guards. those who died during the Khmer Ban Vuthan, the director of the Rouge regime. This led to another Sera center, declined to comment on project, a memorial, “For Those One of the many sketches that contributed to Sera's vision for a the escape. Who Are No Longer Here.” monument honoring those who died during the Khmer Rouge regime. 4 The Cambodia daily saturday-sunday, oCtober 1-2, 2016 NatioNal Gov’t Target for Eliminating HIV Pushed Back Five Years By Sonia KohlBacher small, but still significant for a gov- mates that newly identified cases Cambodians have HIV, or 0.6 per- the Cambodia daily ernment that has almost entirely would be no higher than 474 per cent of the adult population, and Two years after Prime Minister relied on donors in the past. year by 2020 and gradually de- 15,000 of them have not been iden- Hun Sen vowed to eliminate new While the country’s fight against cline to a “virtual elimination of tified, she said. HIV infections by 2020, projec- HIV/AIDS has drawn internation- HIV transmission by 2025.” “It’s a bigger challenge than we tions indicate the government will al praise following a drop in the In addition to external funding expected,” Ms. Emond said of need another five years to reach rate of infection among people cuts, domestic migration, a lack of reaching the elimination target. its target. aged 15 to 49—from 1.7 percent in HIV awareness among young peo- “You realize that it still requires big Under pressure to increase gov- 1998 to 0.6 percent last year—both ple and a poorly funded public investments. You need to maintain ernment spending on HIV preven- the government and NGOs are health sector were contributing fac- the effort and at the same time tion and treatment initiatives in the grappling with a lack of funding tors behind the decision to revise adopt new approaches.” face of donor funding cuts, Mr. and other challenges in meeting the target, UNAIDS country repre- Ly Penh Sun, director of the Na- Hun Sen declared the govern- the goal. sentative Marie-Odile Emond said tional Center for HIV/AIDS, Der- ment would “not allow any suc- In February, the Ministry of on Thursday. matology and STD, said on cessful program to go bankrupt” Health revised its plan for the elim- “The new target is by 2025 and Wednes day that donors had and allocated $3.7 million toward ination of new HIV infections— we think there is a consensus that called for the government be more the efforts. meaning fewer than 300 new cas- it’s probably realistic,” she said . “It is self-reliant and spend more of its Compared to more than $224 es being identified annually— still five years before the global tar- own limited funds on prevention committed by The Global Fund to pushing back the target date to get so Cambodia would still be one and treatment. Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and 2025. of the first countries to achieve this.” “That’s very challenging,” he said. Malaria since 2003, the number is In a report, the ministry esti- UNAIDS estimates that 73,000 “The transition is very difficult.”

organization, Ms. Pfautsch collab- ported Cambodia’s suicide rate to ment, said Sek Sisokhom, the Sane... orated with foreign and local psy- be 9 out of 100,000 people. chair of the psychology depart- chologists in Phnom Penh to cre- Yet the country’s budget for ment, including the 40 percent re- continued from page 1 ate a four-part curriculum that is mental health care remains tiny. duction in the number of students unmanageable caseload. In her the first of its kind in Cambodia. Less than 1 percent of the national passing the national high school first job after receiving a bache- The course started in August. health budget, or about $100,000, exit exam, making them eligible lor’s degree in psychology, she During the first module, the stu- is allocated to the Health Min- for university. worked at the Maddox Chivan dents are learning how a supervi- istry’s department of mental Just a few years ago, the job Children’s Center, a facility that ac- sor should educate, evaluate and health and substance abuse ex- market was more inviting. Ms. tress Angelina Jolie opened for provide psychological support to cluding sal a ries, said Chhit So - Bouyheak, who has since worked children and teenagers with HIV those they are supervising. The phal, the department’s head. for a variety of NGOs, majored in and AIDS. remaining modules will also focus According to the World Health psychology because of the post- “I felt like I was not competent on the development of skills to Organization, Cambodia had 0.23 graduation prospects. However, to do my work because I didn’t see help young psychologists thrive. psychiatrists per 100,000 people in the thriving job market for such improvement in my children,” Ms. Retention of qualified mental 2011, the last year for which such majors has dried up in the past 10 Bouyheak said. “Every time I went health providers in Cambodia is statistics are available. That com- years, she said. to work, I just felt exhausted and I critical for two reasons: There are pares to 1.01 psychiatrists per Low pay—about $200 a month felt like I didn’t want to do that job far too few of them for the popula- 100,000 people in neighboring for new graduates—also is a fac- anymore.” tion’s needs, and the number of Vietnam. tor, she said. Of the 70 to 80 others After a year, she was close to newly trained psychologists and RUPP is the only university in majoring in psychology at RUPP quitting, but her colleagues inter- counselors entering the field has Cambodia that offers psychology when Ms. Bouyheak was a stu- vened, advising her on the impor- slowed in recent years. as a major. Since it began the pro- dent, she only knows of a handful tance of setting boundaries be- Studies have found that PTSD gram in 1994, it has graduated still working in the field. tween her life and her young rates among Khmer Rouge sur- more than 1,000 psychologists. A March survey by RUPP found clients’ needs. Following their ad- vivors range from 14.2 percent to The government does not employ that a third of the graduates from vice, Ms. Bouyheak sought pro- 33.4 percent—significantly higher any of them, according to Dr. its master’s program in clinical fessional counseling and found a than the 0.4 percent global preva- Sophal. psychology, which focuses on as- better balance. lence, according to a mental health “We know that there are many sessment and treatment, are cur- That type of intercession is just survey conducted in 2012 by psychologists trained from RUPP, rently working as counselors or what German psychologist Bern- RUPP and Transcultural Psycho- but in the government every year therapists, while the rest are work- hild Pfautsch had in mind when logical Organizations, a mental we have limited budget to recruit ing as researchers, teachers in un- she proposed the training course health services NGO. new staff,” he said. “This is our related fields or have jobs in the and a program to offer a certificate Seventy percent of the coun- constraint. It doesn’t mean that we sales and service sector. in clinical supervision at RUPP. try’s population was born after the don’t have a need. We need, but Even though there are many After working as an adviser to war, but the study still found high we don’t have budget for that.” challenges in the provision of the university’s master’s program rates of psychological stress in That leaves a majority of gradu- mental health services in Cambo- in psychology for more than a that demographic. It reported that ates looking for jobs at NGOs, dia, Ms. Bouyheak still has hope year, she realized the students 70.2 percent of the post-war gener- where those in the sector say op- for the future, and her own ability were graduating without the pro- ation has experienced at least one portunities appear to be dwindling. to contribute with her newly ac- fessional guidance that would help traumatic event, such as natural The lack of employment pros - quired understanding of the them succeed in their first jobs. disasters, life threatening acci- pects has resulted in a reduction profession. “Here it is so hard because they dents or witnessing someone in the number of students major- “I want to be one person to sup- have five semesters and their in- physically attacked. ing in psychology at RUPP. Over port the other fresh graduates in ternship, and they are expected to The study also found Cambo- the past five years, the number psychology or fresh counselors,” be this specialist,” Ms. Pfautsch dia’s suicide rate to be the second has dropped by nearly 80 percent, Ms. Bouyheak said. “I just know said. highest in the world at 42.35 per according to the university. how important it is and how much With funding from her employ- 100,000 people. In the same year, There are numerous factors af- support they need. I used to be in er, GIZ, a German development the World Health Organization re- fecting the department’s enroll- their shoes.” sATuRdAy-sundAy, ocTobeR 1-2, 2016 The Cambodia daily 5 regional Review Urged After Estimate Puts Cost of Olympics at $30B

By Takeshi suezaki While the metropolitan govern- ment is expected to begin a review Plans for the 2020 Olympics and of the plans for the 2020 Olympics Paralympics must be swiftly re- and Paralympics, the task is not viewed because the estimated cost easy because it involves other ma- could balloon past $30 billion, a jor bodies, including the organiz- panel of independent experts says. ing committee for the Olympics

Reuters The panel, set up by the Tokyo and Paralympics, the International Vessels from the China Maritime Surveillance and the Japan Coast metropolitan government, raised Olympic Committee and also the Guard are seen near disputed islands, called Senkaku in Japan and concerns about possible spikes in domestic and international organi- Diaoyu in China, in the East China Sea in 2013. expenditure due partly to the lax zations overseeing the various man ner in which budget esti- sports that make up the Summer mates have been made in the past. Games. Chinese Armed Forces Warn When Tokyo was bidding for Past estimates have placed con- the 2020 Games, the estimate, cen- struction costs for the new Nation- tered on the cost of the construc- al Stadium and other major facili- Japan Against Patrols of Sea tion of facilities, totaled about $7 ties at about $4.8 billion, while the billion. expense for building temporary fa- ReuTeRs for its own purposes. The panel, made up of outside cilities had been set at $2.8 billion. bEIjING - japan is “playing with fire” “We must solemnly tell japan experts, handed over the report to The latest report included ex- with plans to step up activity in the this is a miscalculation. If japan an in-house task force examining penses for transportation and se- contested South China Sea wants to have joint patrols or drills reform of the metropolitan gov- curity. Estimates have been based through joint training patrols with in waters under Chinese jurisdic- ernment. Tokyo Governor Yuriko on what was spent for the 2012 the U.S., China’s Defense Min- tion, this really is playing with fire,” Koike heads that task force and London Olympics. istry said on Thursday, warning it Yang said at a monthly news brief- she attended Thursday’s meeting. The report also said plans to would not sit watching from the ing. “China’s military will not sit “There is a good chance [the fa- con struct seven new facilities sidelines. idly by.” cilities] could end up becoming a should be reviewed. It focused on China claims virtually the entire Ties between Asia’s two largest negative legacy,” she said. “We the three most expensive projects South China Sea and has repeat- economies have long been over- need to consider things like relying and proposed alternatives. edly denounced what it views as shadowed by arguments over on temporary facilities rather than © 2016 The Asahi Shimbun interference there by the U.S. and their painful wartime history and a constructing permanent ones.” Company its ally, japan. territorial spat in the East China japan is strengthening its ties in Sea, among other issues. the region, in particular with the Ships carrying about $5 trillion Philippines and Vietnam, which in trade pass through the South contest China’s claims to parts of China Sea every year. the sea, and it aims to help build brunei, Malaysia and Taiwan the capacity of coastal states in the also have claims in the sea, which busy waterway, its defense minis- is also believed to be rich in ener- ter said this month during a visit to gy resources and fish stocks. Washington. In july, an arbitration court in Chinese Defense Ministry The Hague said China’s claims to spokes man Yang Yujun, asked the waterway were invalid, after a about japan’s plans, said it had case was brought by the Philip- constantly been trying to stir pines. China has refused to recog- things up in the South China Sea nize the ruling.

Reuters Thailand's Royal Army Chief Gen. Teerachai Nakwanich waves after a handover ceremony for the new Royal Thai Army Chief at the Thai Army headquarters in Bangkok on Friday. 6 The Cambodia daily saturDay-sunDay, october 1-2, 2016 regional

------Regional Briefs ------Manipulating Mice Brains Makes Them Dislike Others Loved ones are said to hold a special place in our hearts, but it’s the head that really has a designated zone for others that we are fond of—or not so fond of—researchers have discovered. The team, headed by Susumu Tonegawa, Nobel laureate and director of the Riken Brain Science Insti- tute, pinpointed the area of the brain where memories about others are stored. While scientists already had an idea of where details about time, place and event were stored in the brain, they were less certain about the part related to other people. The team was able to manipulate neurons in the brain of a mouse to have it recall the memory of another mouse it had forgotten. Other manipulations meant that the team could also make the mouse like or dislike another rodent, even if it had not originally held such emotions. “By directly accessing memory, we were able to artificially make the mouse like or dislike another specific mouse,” said Teruhiro Okuya- ma, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who was reuters part of the team. The findings were published in Friday’s edition of the U.S. Chilis were placed in the form of the Chinese national flag ahead of the Chinese National Day in Heshuo county in China's Xinjiang province, journal Science. While in the process of remembering a particular mouse, on Thursday. applying an electric stimulus that the mouse disliked led to it subsequent- ly avoiding that particular rodent. When an element that the mouse liked was applied, the mouse became more enthusiastic in approaching that par- ticular rodent. (The Asahi Shimbun) US Asks Other Countries to Dinosaur Footprint Found Among Largest on Record Scientists have recently uncovered one of the largest-ever dinosaur Sever Ties With North Korea footprints on record in Mongolia’s Gobi Desert, measuring over a meter By Sarah Kim policy. in length. The 1.06-meter-long, 0.77-meter-wide footprint found by a joint Korea Joongang Daily During the hearing, Fried said Japanese and Mongolian research team is remarkably well preserved Washington asked countries to that Washington is cooperating and most likely belongs to a plant-eating sauropod similar to Ti- downgrade or sever economic and with its allies, including South Ko- tanosaurus, according to team members from western Japan’s Okayama diplomatic ties with North Korea rea, Australia and Japan, and “en- University of Science. The rare discovery was made in August in a geo- to deter it from its nuclear and mis- couraging—and pushing when logic layer formed 70 million to 90 million years ago in the late Creta- sile program, according to senior necessary—third countries to cur- ceous period, they said. Shinobu Ishigaki, a paleontology professor at the U.S. State Department officials. tail their own economic ties with Japanese university, said the team is searching the area for dinosaur re- “North Korea views diplomatic North Korea.” mains. The team comprises researchers from the Japanese university meetings and visits as important He added, “We’ve had some and from the Center of Paleontology under the Mongolian Academy of markers of its international legiti- good results,” mentioning that Sciences. (Kyodo) macy,” read a written testimony they have essentially shut down prepared by Daniel Fried, the U.S. the operations of the shipping line Orbiter to Explore Mystery of Earth’s Radiation Field State Department’s sanctions poli- North Korean Ocean Maritime SAGAMIHARA, Japan - Japan will launch a satellite into orbit by the end of cy coordinator, and Daniel Russel, Management, as well as restricted the fiscal year that will explore the mysteries of Earth’s radiation belts. the assistant secretary of state for the landing privileges of Air Koryo The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) unveiled its satellite East Asia and Pacific affairs, sub- at foreign airports. on Thursday at its Sagamihara Campus. Measuring 1.5 meters long, 1.5 mitted for a Senate Foreign Rela- Several governments have im- meters wide and 1.7 meters high, the 350-kg spacecraft will explore the tions Committee hearing on posed visa restrictions on North Van Allen radiation belts, a region in the planet’s magnetic field where a Wednesday in Washington. Korean passport holders, while large number of high-energy electrons and ions are trapped. Science has The testimony went on to say Seoul shut down the inter-Korean yet to discover why these particles are so highly energized. The satellite that earlier this month, Washing- Kaesong Industrial Park in Febru- is designed to directly survey these particles and electromagnetic waves ton instructed its embassies ary and Taiwan halted imports of in the hope of unraveling the mystery. Because magnetic fields exist around the world “to ask host gov- North Korean coal. around other planets as well, JAXA also hopes to implement the technol- ernments to condemn the test and But Fried also pointed out that ogy in exploring the solar system beyond Earth. The satellite will ride an take further additional actions to North Korea’s coal exports, most- Epsilon rocket into orbit, which is scheduled to lift off from the agency’s downgrade or sever diplomatic ly to China, generate over $1 bil- Uchinoura Space Center in Kimotsuki, Kago shima prefecture, before and economic ties.” lion in revenue annually and ac- April. Once in space, the satellite will make observations from an orbit As of Sunday, it added, “75 coun- count for about one-third of all ex- 300 to 30,000 km above the Earth. (The Asahi Shimbun) tries have issued statements con- port income. demning the test and several oth- He added that Washington is South Korea Builds Advanced Particle Accelerator ers have canceled or downgraded working “to curtail North Korea’s Researchers at South Korea’s Pohang University of Science and Tech- planned meetings or visits with of- ability to export coal and iron ore,” nology have built a fourth-generation synchrotron radiation facility, a ficials from North Korea.” as well as its overseas labor force, type of particle accelerator that emits incredibly bright X-rays. South Ko- This measure to further isolate a source of revenue for the regime. rea has become the third country, after the U.S. and Japan, to design and Pyongyang is another indication The hearing focused heavily on produce the cutting-edge facility. The facility, otherwise called the X-ray of Washington’s strong stance the need for China, Pyongyang’s Free Electron Laser, is capable of emitting X-rays at 0.1-nanometer wave- against North Korea for its prolif- biggest trading partner, to boost lengths, which are 10 billion times brighter than third-generation facili- eration of weapons of mass de- its efforts. ties. The light from the new facility, which is 1.1 km long, is also 100 struction, especially following the The U.S. Treasury earlier this quadrillion times brighter than the Sun. This upgrade makes it possible regime’s fifth nuclear test, in viola- week imposed sanctions on a Chi- for researchers to monitor and analyze the microstructures of materials tion of U.N. Security Council reso- nese firm Dandong Hongxiang In- with immense precision in real time—such as a virus protein penetrating lutions and international norms. dustrial Development, suspected a cell membrane, or the moment water decomposes into oxygen and hy- Russel and Fried attended the of contributing to the proliferation drogen. This will be of particular benefit to researchers in the field of hearing of the Senate’s subcom- of weapons of mass destruction in biotechnology, clean energy, nanotechnology and semiconductors, ac- mittee on East Asia, the Pacific North Korea, as well as its four top cording to the Ministry of Science. (Korea JoongAng Daily) and international cybersecurity executives. SATURDAY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 1 2, 2016 The CAMBODIA DAILY 7 - - 8 The Cambodia daily saturday-sunday, october 1-2, 2016 InternatIonal Long Delays Syria Diplomacy With Russia to End, Says US reuters President bashar al-]assad in an diplomatic track on the assump- Expected WasHinGtOn - the u.s. is on the ever smaller piece of syria.” tion that Putin didn’t want Russia verge of ending its syria diploma- the last week of bombing has trapped in another afghanistan cy with Russia and is looking at killed hundreds of people and and would seek a way to avoid After New new options on how it might seek wounded hundreds more, with no that,” said an official privy to the 1 to end the 5 /2 year civil war, u.s. way to bring in medical supplies. administration discussions. Jersey Crash officials said on thursday. there are only around 30 doctors the Russians pivoted from po- On Wednesday, u.s. officials inside the besieged rebel held sec- litical negotiations to leveling alep- reuters told reporters u.s. President ba - tor of aleppo, and the two biggest po because “they were never seri- thousands who rely on the rack Obama’s administration had hospitals were knocked out of ser- ous about anything more than the Hoboken terminal in new Jersey begun to consider tougher re- vice by airstrikes or shelling on appearance of negotiations,” the were facing longer than usual com- sponses—including military op- Wednesday. official added. mutes and heavy crowds on Friday tions—to the Russian-backed syr- “We are on the verge of sus- “the worst part is that they used as investigators tried to determine ian government’s assault on alep- pending the discussion,” u.s. sec- Kerry’s belief in the talks to build why a commuter train crashed into po, the country’s largest city. retary of state John Kerry said at a up their forces, give assad’s guys the station, killing a woman and in- the u.s. officials said the failure public policy discussion in Wash- a chance to rebuild and prepare juring more than 100 people. of diplomacy in syria has left the ington. “it is one of those moments for what we’re seeing now. if you nJ transit train service in and Obama administration no choice where we’re going to have to pur- ask me, they played us,” the offi- out of the Hoboken terminal, one of but to consider alternatives, most sue other alternatives for a period cial added. the busiest transit hubs in the new of which involve some use of force of time.” now, another official said, the York City area, was suspended on and have been examined before a u.s. official who spoke on administration once again finds it- Friday, a day after a train plowed but held in abeyance. condition of anonymity said that self forced to respond to a Russian through the station and crashed “the president has asked all of the new discussions on options initiative, as it did in ukraine and during the morning rush hour. the agencies to put forward op- were taking place at “staff level,” Crimea and also is in cyberspace. u.s. national transportation tions, some familiar, some new, and had yet to produce any rec- in all three areas, this official safety board officials on Friday that we are very actively review- ommendations to Obama, who said, also speaking on the condi- continued their investigation at the ing,” Deputy secretary of state has resisted ordering military ac- tion of anonymity, “there are no wreckage. they expect the investi- antony blinken told lawmakers tion against assad. good options.” gation to take 7 to 10 days, ntsb on thursday, without giving de- Moscow and Damascus launch - in aleppo, this official said, the de- vice chairman bella Dinh-Zarr said. tails. He said officials would “work ed an assault to recapture the rebel- struction is so great that despite the investigators were to retrieve through these in the days ahead.” held sector of aleppo this month, Russian veto in the u.n., the u.s. the event recorder, which tracks speaking to the senate Foreign abandoning a new cease-fire a should be able to assemble greater speed, braking and other data, Relations Committee, blinken week after it took effect to embark international military and logistical from the rear of the train on thurs- said “all of the outside patrons are on what could be the biggest battle support and training for the embat- day night, Dinh-Zarr said during a going to throw in more and more of a civil war that began in 2011. tled rebels, with saudi arabia, other news conference. weaponry against Russia. Russia “Kerry and the White House sunni Gulf states, natO and train #1614, originating from will be left propping up [syrian basically bet everything on the turkey playing the lead roles. spring Valley, new York, was at the end of its hourlong journey when it hit the Hoboken terminal Turkey Crackdown Targets Radio, TV Channels building at about 8:45 a.m. local reuters time on thursday. the collision committed by the state,” aktan uprising by bypassing parliament to toppled support columns and cre- istanbul - turkey has ordered the told reporters. enact laws and suspend rights. ated chaos as witnesses described closure of 20 television and radio iMC has aired reports looking turkey blames u.s.-based terrifying scenes of damage. stations, including one that airs chil- at security forces’ conduct during Mus lim preacher Fethullah Gulen the crash killed a 34-year-old dren’s programs, on charges they 14 months of military operations for masterminding the coup in Hoboken woman, the new Jersey spread “terrorist propaganda,” against the Kurdistan Workers which 240 soldiers, police and medical examiner’s office said. adding to fears that emergency rule Party that has killed thousands. civilians were killed trying to stop the crash also injured 114 people, is being used to stifle the media. among the 12 shuttered tV rogue troops who had comman- new Jersey Governor Chris turkish President Recep tayyip channels are Govend tV, which deered fighter jets and tanks to Christie told Cnn. Erdogan has said he wants a three- plays folk music, and Zarok tV, bomb parliament and shoot pro- the train’s engineer, or driver, month state of emergency, im- which airs Kurdish-language chil- testers. another 100 people be- was injured and taken to hospital. posed after a failed coup attempt in dren’s cartoons. the decision also hind the putsch were killed. He was later released, officials July, to be prolonged past October shut 11 radio stations for harming some 100,000 state employees said, without providing details. so authorities can eradicate the national security, aktan said. suspected of links with the Gulen Media identified the engineer threat posed by a religious move- “turkey is targeting a wide movement have been purged, and as thomas Gallagher, citing un- ment blamed for the attempt, as swath of cultural and political ex- 32,000 people are in jail for their al- named sources, and said he was well as Kurdish militants who have pression by shuttering minority leged role in the coup. Gulen de- cooperating with investigators. waged a 32-year insurgency. broadcasters,” Robert Mahoney nies involvement. in May 2011, a Port authority of the banned channels are owned of the Committee to Protect Jour- authorities have also targeted new York and new Jersey train or operated by Kurds or the alevi nalists said. “When the govern- the media, arresting dozens of crashed at Hoboken station, injur- religious minority, according to ment sees even children’s pro- members of the press to make ing more than 30 people. an inves- Hamza aktan, news editor at iMC gramming as a threat to national turkey the world’s biggest jailer tigation by the ntsb determined tV, a news broadcaster slated for security, it is clearly abusing its of journalists and shutting down excessive speed was the main closure. He cited a copy of the deci- emergency powers.” scores of media outlets. cause of the accident. sion obtained by his channel, which an official at the Radio and tele- aktan and other iMC staff con- new York Governor andrew was based on powers given the gov- vision supreme Council, the state tinued airing segments on Friday Cuomo said on thursday it was ernment in a decree issued in July. watchdog, confirmed 20 stations while waiting for police to arrive at obvious the train came into the sta- “this has nothing to do with the were being closed. their offices. Other stations on the tion too fast, but it was unclear why. coup. it is an effort to silence the Erdogan argues the state of emer- closure list were raided and sealed the cause could be human error last independent media covering gency is helping authorities swiftly off on thursday, and or technical failure, Cuomo said. the Kurdish issue and violations root out supporters of the military CPJ said. satuRday-sunday, octobeR 1-2, 2016 The Cambodia daily 9 InternatIonal Indian Gov’t Evacuates Border Villages After Raid on Pakistan ReuteRs ment buildings, guest houses and srinagar, india - india has evacuat- marriage halls,” said nirmal ed more than 10,000 villagers living singh, deputy chief minister of near the border with Pakistan, amid Jammu and Kashmir. concerns that there could be a mili- “People who have not been able tary escalation after its special forces to migrate were instructed not to launched a cross-border operation venture out of their houses early against suspected militants. in the morning or late in the night.” Prime Minister narendra Modi’s Pressure had been building on government ordered federal and Modi to retaliate after 19 soldiers state security forces to upgrade sur- were killed in a september 18 attack veillance along the frontier in Jam- on an indian army base in Kashmir mu and Kashmir state, part of the that india blames on infiltrators who 3,300-km border between the crossed from Pakistani territory. nuclear-armed neighbors. a senior leader of Modi’s na- The evacuation was launched af- tionalist ruling party declared him- ter india said it had launched strikes self satisfied with india’s “multi- across the Line of Control into Pak- Reuters pronged” response to the attack istan-ruled Kashmir against sus- Soldiers guard the body of Pakistani soldier Imtiaz, killed during on the army base. pected militants preparing to carry cross-border firing at the disputed border between India and Pakistan, “For Pakistan, terrorism has out attacks in india. during his funeral in Faisalabad, Pakistan on Thursday. come as a cheaper option all these The highly unusual announce- newspapers reporting that such aziz, the country’s foreign policy years. Time to make it costly for ment on Thursday of what india surgical strikes had not taken chief, told local television channel it,” ram Madhav, national general called “surgical strikes” raised the place. They reported small arms geo TV ahead of a Cabinet meet- secretary of the Bharatiya Janata possibility of military escalation and mortar fire, which is a relative- ing to be chaired by Prime Minis- Party, wrote in a column for the in- between the rivals that could ly routine occurrence on the heav- ter nawaz sharif on Friday. dian Express newspaper. wreck a 2003 Kashmir cease-fire. ily militarized Line of Control. Hundreds of villages were be- Modi’s government has been india and Pakistan have fought Pakistan’s Express Tribune, an ing cleared along a 15 km strip struggling to contain protests on two wars over Kashmir, each con- affiliate of , led that runs along the border in the the streets of Kashmir where trolling part of the territory but its edition with the headline “‘surgi- lowland region of Jammu and near more than 80 civilians have been claiming it in full. cal’ farce blows up in india’s face.” the Line of Control further north killed and thousands wounded in in Pakistan, the indian version “These are india’s diversionary in the mountains of Kashmir. the last 10 weeks after a young of events was met with skepticism, tactics.... if they actually do an act “Our top priority is to move separatist militant was killed by in- with television news channels and like this, our army is ready,” sartaj women and children to govern- dian forces. 10 The CamBodia daily satuRday-sunday, octobeR 1-2, 2016 Business New App to Help Cambodians in Korea Send Money Home By Hang SokuntHea additional $10 to collect it in Cambo- and aiSHa down dia. Competing banks, she later dis- the cambodia daily covered, offered similar services for A leading South Korean lender as much as $20 cheaper. has opened a digital bank in Cam- Kong Vannoch, the founder of bodia and created an application an association of Cambodian mi- that will enable customers—espe- grant laborers, said that many of its cially Cambodians living and 300 members weren’t comfortable work ing in South Korea—to more with banking services, instead re- cheaply send and receive money lying on Cambodian agents to car- from abroad. ry money for them, although they The digital bank, Liiv KB Cambo- often were cheated as a result. dia, will operate its mobile app Liiv “A lot of them have families in through Apple and Google inter- very rural areas. They’ve tried to faces, allowing customers to trans- send money through KB Kookmin fer cash from their existing bank ac- before, but it only has a few locations counts through the digital platform. in Cambodia. So they then have to “Our target is the Cambodian Reuters transfer the money through Acleda, people—we’d like to develop this A woman talks on a mobile phone inside a KB Kookmin Bank branch which charges them more,” he said. business in the Cambodian mar- in Seoul in 2014. Mr. Vannoch said some of the ket,” Park Yong-jin, CEO of KB charge transfer fees, he said, and KBC’s history on fees. laborers in his organization— Kookmin Bank Cambodia, a sub- will keep them low in years to come. “Most people here use Hana or many of whom make $1,000 to sidiary of Seoul-based KB Kook- Kookmin is planning to partner Acleda to send money,” said Park $2,000 a month working in facto- min, said on Wednesday. “We pay with two or three Cambodian Mi-hyang, who migrated to work ries or on feedlots—would down- attention to workers in Korea and banks to facilitate transactions, as in South Korea a decade ago and load the app, but some had con- tried to make a product for them.” well as allow ATM access to the currently lives in Gwangju. “KBC is cerns that their families would find Ninety percent of the bank’s digital funds, Mr. Park said. more expensive than all of them.” it difficult to use. Cambodian clients are migrant la- Cambodians living in South For a recent remittance, Ms. Park “I think a lot of banks have plans borers sending money back home, Korea were hopeful that the appli- said she had paid KBC $35 to proc - to do this—not just KBC,” he said. Mr. Park said. Initially, as the bank cation would make remittances ess the remittance in South Korea, “A lot of them want to make it easier builds the business, it will not cheaper, but had doubts, given and her family had been charged an for us to send money back home.” The Ghost of Lehman Brothers’ Crash Haunts Deutsche Bank By JameS mackintoSH keeping your exposure.” sition made worse by weak prof- at the ECB. The task Deutsche the Wall stReet JouRnal Lehman failed the way all banks itability, but its problems aren’t as chief executive John Cryan now Eight years ago this month, fail: It ran out of cash and liquid as- critical as Lehman’s, where losses faces is to win back client confi- Lehman Brothers failed in large sets it could quickly sell to pay amounted to more than a tenth of dence, and fast. part due to panicked hedge funds clients and counterparties as they shareholder equity in each of the Expect Mr Cryan first to try the pulling their money. With some ran for the exit. final two quarters of its life. approach used by Richard Fuld at big hedge funds worried enough In principle, the same could hap- Most important, Deutsche has Lehman: If you are a big Deutsche to cut their exposure to Deutsche pen to any bank, as they never access to the European Central client, reassuring personal phone Bank AG, the parallel is obvious— have enough easy-to-sell assets to Bank as its house pawnbroker, calls are likely soon. but also deeply misleading. pay back every depositor immedi- meaning it can turn even fairly However, confidence would Deutsche Bank’s shares have ately. Deutsche is now in focus in hard-to-sell assets into cash if it more surely be restored by issu- plummeted in recent weeks after part because clients have been needs to. Lehman was refused ex- ing new shares, shoring up the reports that the U.S. Justice De- spooked by its plummeting shares, tra credit by the U.S. Federal Re- strength of the bank at the ex- partment suggested the bank pay down by more than half this year. serve on the basis that it didn’t pense of existing shareholders. $14 billion from the bank to settle But Lehman was particularly have enough reliable assets to Deutsche has been resisting allegations around mortgage se- vulnerable, due to its reliance on post at the bank. this as its stock moves ever lower. curities. The bank expects to the overnight repurchase, or repo, None of this makes Deutsche One lesson from Lehman is that it agree to a lower figure. market and on hedge funds to fi- immune. No amount of liquidity too proudly rejected rescue capi- Some hedge-fund clients have nance itself. Billions of dollars of could ever be enough if clients or tal, not liking the price. Deutsche grown concerned about their ex- cash and other assets from its so- depositors lose faith, because not should be careful not to follow the posure to the German lender, called prime brokerage business all assets can be swapped for cash same logic. prompting them to pull assets and drained away in its final few days, forcing bank executives to step up while repos couldn’t be renewed cambodia securities exchange reassurances about its stability, ac- and banks and other counterpar- Friday, September 30, 2016 cording to people close to clients ties demanded extra collateral to Index Value Change Open High Low Volume and the bank. back derivatives trades. CSX 337.45 - - - - - Hedge funds face the same Deutsche is different. It has a far Stock Value Change Open High Low Volume dilemma all bank customers face. more diversified client base, PPWSA 4,500 - - - - - The gains from sticking with sourced from German retail bank- Grand Twins 2,700 - - - - - PPAP 5,280 - - - - - Deutsche are very small, while ing and multiple institutional busi- PPSP 2,650 - - - - - the potential losses if it were to run ness lines. It has a lot more liquid- into trouble are very large. ity, amounting to $246.8 billion at foreign exchange “Everyone is hypersensitive,” the end of June, equal to 12 per- said one hedge-fund manager cent of assets, against the $45 bil- ¥/US$ ...... 101.003 Sing$/US$ ...... 1.3652 £/US$ ...... 0.7721 Euro/US$ ...... 0.8941 caught out by the Lehman col- lion Lehman had a month before AU$/US$...... 1.3139 SKoreaW/US$ ...... 1,101.53 lapse. “Lehman’s taught everyone its downfall, 7.5 percent of assets. HK$/US$ ...... 7.7531 ThaiB//US$ ...... 34.69 that there’s very little upside in Deutsche has a weak capital po- SwissF/US$ ...... 0.9683 Riel/US$ ...... 4,096.4 SATuRDAy-SuNDAy, OCTOBER 1-2, 2016 The Ca mbo d ia d a il y 11 o pinio n Islamic State Is Becoming More Dangerous as It Weakens By Mo h a Ma d Ba z z i their battlefield losses. They also sage released on May 21, two fered a series of surprisingly quick REu TERS signaled that the group would re- weeks before the start of Ra- and relatively bloodless defeats y many measures, the Is- vert to its roots as a jihadi insur- madan, Adnani, who at the time this summer, both in Syria and in lamic State militant group gency, bent on large- and small- was I.S.’s leading spokesman, the Sunni heartland of Iraq. It is a Bis a weakened and demor- scale attacks that instill fear but do urged sympathizers to carry out much weakened group than it was alized force. After months of U.S.- little to help the militants keep attacks in the West and to turn the even a year ago—and it is unlikely led bombing and defeats by local control of territory in Syria and holy period, “with God’s permis- to be able to hold on to significant troops in Iraq and Syria, the group Iraq. I.S. also shifted its propagan- sion, into a month of pain for infi- territory. In late August, I.S. lost lost thousands of its fighters, was da to appeal to potential “lone wolf” dels everywhere.” the Syrian border town of Jarabu- forced to relinquish significant ter- attackers, who could amplify the Despite the spate of high-profile lus to U.S.-backed Kurdish fight- ritory and has been cut off from group’s reach. In an audio mes- attacks during Ramadan, I.S. suf- ers. It was I.S.’s last outpost near routes it used to move weapons the Turkish border, which had en- and reinforcements. abled the group to bring in re- But the group remains a potent cruits, money and supplies to its threat in other ways, especially in territory, especially its de facto its ability to inspire self-radicalized capital in Raqqa. militants to carry out attacks in the The loss of territory has been West and elsewhere. accompanied by the high-profile The man accused of carrying targeting of I.S. leaders by U.S. out a bombing in New York on airstrikes, which led to the assas- September 17 appears to have sination of Adnani, the top spokes - been inspired—if not directed—by man and strategist, and a senior the leaders and ideologues of al- military commander named Qaida and I.S. The 28-year-old sus- Omar al-Shishani. This latest for- pect, Ahmad Rahami, wrote admir- feiture of territory in Syria and ingly in a journal about al-Qaida Iraq; the drying up of routes for leader Osama bin Laden, U.S.-born foreign fighters to reach the self- radical Islamic preacher Anwar al- declared “caliphate;” and the as- Awlaki—who was killed in Yemen sassination of senior operatives by a U.S. drone strike—and lead- like Adnani and Shishani under- ing I.S. strategist Abu Mohammad score how I.S. is under siege in a al-Adnani. way it has never been before. There are still many unan- But the jihadi group still has the swered questions about Rahami’s capability to attract some recruits, motivations, whether he met mili- raise funds through extortion and tants who helped radicalize him The Ca mbo d ia d a ily illicit oil sales, secure weapons on several trips to Pakistan, or if Bernard Krisher, Publisher and dispatch sympathizers to car- he received training in bomb-mak- Deborah Krisher-Steele, Deputy Publisher ry out attacks abroad. Ironically, ing. If he was swayed by Adnani’s Colin Meyn, Editor-in-Chief as it gets weaker on the ground, appeal to undertake the New York Jodie DeJonge, Managing Editor I.S. will have less to lose by un- attack, Rahami would be the latest Chhorn Chansy, News Editor leashing more terror outside of example of a self-radicalized mili- Van Roeun, Senior Editor Syria and Iraq. tant who heeded the calls of I.S. or As it loses strength and larger al-Qaida leaders to strike at tar- Barton Biggs, Editor Emeritus; Michelle Vachon, Feature Editor; Isobel Souster, Night Editor; chunks of its self-proclaimed Hannah Hawkins, Weekend Editor; Michael Dickison, Aisha Down, Sonia Kohlbacher, gets of convenience in the West. Brendan O’Byrne, Ben Paviour, Zsombor Peter, Janelle Retka, Saing Soenthrith, Laurence “caliphate” in Syria and Iraq, I.S. Over the past six months, Iraqi Stevens, Matt Surrusco, George Wright, Associate Editors; Buth Kimsay, Kuch Naren, Khuon will lash out with more attacks government forces, with U.S. air Narim, Sek Odom, Aun Pheap, Ouch Sony, Kang Sothear, Ben Sokhean, Hang Sokunthea, around the world. And govern- support, forced I.S. out of the west- Phan Soumy, Khy Sovuthy, Reporters; Siv Channa, Photographer; Ben Paviour, Web Editor; ments in the West and the Middle ern Iraqi cities of Ramadi and then Tan Kimtin, Web Assistant; Phuon Chansereivuth, Copy Editor; East will need to adapt to an ene- Falluja. But as it lost territory in Pol Meanith, Kim Chan, Senior Translators; Som Sarun, Tem Sokhom, my that can turn battlefield set- Syria and Iraq under pressure Sie Suychhieng, Translators; Nhor Bora, Dorn Darin, Typists; Kevin Doyle, backs into new terror. from Western bombing and local James Kanter, Robin McDowell, Thomas Beller, Julia Wallace, Contributing Editors Mohamad Bazzi is a journalism military forces, the group has tried Douglas Steele, General Manager professor at New York University to project strength by organizing Eam Sopheap, Business Associate; Sok Chamroeurn, Sales Representative; and former Middle East bureau or inspiring attacks around the Chan Vincent, Art Director; Chhun Sinath, Collections Director; Chap Pireak, chief at Newsday. world. Circulation Manager; Khun Silen, Tang Sokchamreoun, Design Staff; Song Raksa, Business Assistant; Som Phay, Chief Technical Director; I.S.’s campaign to reassert its in- Scott Harlow, Matthew Rosin, Jason Wik, Technical Advisers; fluence peaked during Ramadan, Adam Lincoln Steele, Director of Future Planning l ett er t o t he when operatives and sympathiz- The Cambodia Daily is an independent newspaper dedicated to strengthening a ers carried out a spate of bomb- free press and training journalists. Published six times a week in Phnom Penh. edit o r ! ings, mass shootings and stab- The following organizations provide their news free of charge: The Asahi Shimbun, [email protected] bings across Europe, the Middle , Los Angeles Times News Service, East and Asia. Many of the attack- For domestic subscription, send $15/month or $150/year to: Letters for publication should The Cambodia Daily, 7 Street 228, Phnom Penh, Cambodia ers were radicalized, “lone wolf” Tel: 855-23-426-602/490; Fax: 855-23-426-573 be no longer than 150 words, perpetrators inspired by and act- Advertising & Subscriptions Tel: 855-23-218-127; 855-12-903-859; and must refer to an article ing in the group’s name, but with- Email News: [email protected]; Ads: [email protected]; published in The Cambodia out taking orders directly from its Publisher: [email protected] leaders. Daily. Letters must include a Copyright 2016 by The Cambodia Daily. All rights reserved. The Cambodia Daily is protected These attacks spread fear and through trademark registration. No part of this periodical may be reproduced in print or phone number for verification allowed I.S.’s leaders to show per- electronically, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without written permission from the publisher. purposes. ceived strength to make up for Printed by Entry Meas Printing House. Licensed in 1993 by the Ministry of Information. 12 The Cambodia daily SaTurday-Sunday, ocTober 1-2, 2016 Technology Hackers Infect Army of Cameras, DVRs for Internet Attacks By Drew FitzGeralD the iceberg,” said Dale Drew, as the sources of a large share of against similar attacks this sum- The Wall STreeT Journal head of security at Level 3 Com- the recent attacks, but Level 3 said mer, found cable set-top boxes Attackers used an army of hi- munications Inc., which runs one other devices are being roped into and home routers used to bom- jacked security cameras and video of the world’s largest internet a new attack network currently bard the websites with data. Those recorders to launch several mas- backbones, giving it a window being assembled. Hackers often attacks reached as much as 540 gi- sive internet attacks last week, into many of the attacks that cross hijack the machines through com- gabits a second, Arbor said. prompting fresh concern about the net. puters that are already infected or “There are tens and tens of mil- the vulnerability of millions of The proliferation of internet- poorly protected Wi-Fi routers. lions of these embedded devices “smart” devices in homes and busi- connected devices from televi- Many of Dahua’s cameras and out there,” said Roland Dobbins, nesses connected to the internet. sions to thermostats provide at- recorders are used by small busi- Arbor’s principal engineer. “But The assaults raised eyebrows tackers a bigger arsenal of weap - nesses for security systems. Level they ship by default with very poor among security experts both for ons to infiltrate. Many are intend- 3 said H.264 DVRs made by Da - security.” their size and for the machines that ed to be plugged in and forgotten. hua were especially prevalent, Denial-of-service attacks—so- made them happen. The attackers These devices are “designed to be though security researchers said called because they flood web- used as many as 1 million Chinese- remote controlled over the inter- other brands were affected. In sites with unwanted data crashing made security cameras, digital net,” said Andy Ellis, security chief some cases the devices weren’t the sites and denying access to le- video recorders and other infected at network operator Akamai Tech- protected with passwords or had gitimate users—are nothing new. devices to generate webpage re- nologies, some of whose clients generic passwords, Drew said. In prior iterations, hackers have quests and data that knocked their were affected. “They’re also never “I suspect that a lot of people exploited weaknesses in the oper- targets offline, security experts going to be updated.” have been caught by surprise by ating systems of personal comput- said. Experts have long warned that how soon” the attacks happened, ers hijacking them to carry out Those affected include French machines without their own said Akamai’s Ellis. His company these actions. web hosting provider OVH and screens are less likely to receive said it was blindsided by one of Microsoft for decades has been U.S. security researcher Brian fixes designed to protect them. last week’s attacks. playing a running game of Whac- Krebs, whose website was dis- Researchers have found flaws in Ellis said traffic on September A-Mole to patch each flaw in its abled temporarily. gadgets ranging from “smart” 20 reached 700 gigabits a second Windows operating system as it “We need to address this as a lightbulbs to internet-connected —equivalent to 140,000 high-defi- arises. clear and present threat not just to cars. Wi-Fi routers are a growing nition movies streaming at once— “It’s going to be very difficult to censorship but to critical infra- source of concern as many manu- on his company’s network, twice convince consumers to patch structure,” Krebs said. facturers put the onus on con- the size of the previous biggest their refrigerator,” said Matthew Closely held OVH confirmed sumers to do the updating. stream. Prince, chief executive of security the attack, but declined to com- Level 3 identified cameras and Arbor Networks, a security firm provider CloudFlare. “Where the ment further. video recorders made by Chinese that defended several websites af- security is more likely to be placed “We’re thinking this is the tip of manufacturer Dahua Technology filiated with the Rio Olympics is in the network.