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Carbon Sequestration Ability of Paulownia Tomentosa Steud See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332151728 Total Biomass Carbon Sequestration Ability Under the Changing Climatic Condition by Paulownia tomentosa Steud Article in International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology · October 2018 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.20772 CITATIONS READS 0 955 11 authors, including: Nabin Rana Gauri Thapa Southern Cross University Canterbury Christ Church University 4 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Bishnu Marasini Niranjan Parajuli Tribhuvan University Tribhuvan University 27 PUBLICATIONS 187 CITATIONS 43 PUBLICATIONS 254 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: The Use of Vitamin D3 for Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards Bone View project Plant tissue culture View project All content following this page was uploaded by Bishnu Marasini on 02 April 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. L.B. Magar et al. (2018) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 220-226 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.20772 Research Article Total Biomass Carbon Sequestration Ability under the Changing Climatic Condition by Paulownia tomentosa Steud Lila Bahadur Magar1, Saraswoti Khadka1, Uttam Pokharel1, Nabin Rana1, Puspa Thapa1, Uddav Khadka1, Jay Raj Joshi1, Kishan Raj Sharma1, Gauri Thapa1, Bishnu Prasad Marasini1 and Niranjan Parajuli2* 1Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tribhuvan University, Naya Bazar, Kathmandu, Nepal. 2Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal. Tel: +977-1-4332034 Abstract The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) has risen continuously in atmosphere due to human induced activities, and has been considered the predominant cause of global climate change. Paulowina tomentosa Steud. (P. tomentosa), a multipurpose tree is popular around global market for its timber and its potential role in CO2 sequestration. In this study, the total biomass carbon of five years old and newly planted P. tomentosa has been estimated. The results indicated that the average total biomass carbon of five years old plant was found to be 4.52±0.53Kg C Year-1 per tree i.e. 9.04±1.06-ton C ha-1 Year-1 (assuming 2000 plants per hector). Likewise, the average total biomass carbon of newly planted P. tomentosa within 4 months was found to be 6.07±0.38 Kg in remote village area in Nepal. The estimated biomass carbon in one year of newly planted plants was found to be 18.21±1.14 Kg Year-1 i.e. 0.36-ton C ha-1 Year-1. These findings reveled that short rotational trees like P. tomentosa can be implemented in agroforestry system to reduce the green house emission in cities and emphasizes the carbon storage potential of agroforestry. In vitro micro propagation technique could be implemented to produce genetically uniform clone of P. tomentosa and can be applied in agroforestry system for the adaptation and to mitigate global climate change. Keywords: Agroforestry; Climate change; P. tomentosa; CO2 sequestration Introduction National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Most important greenhouse gas (GHG), carbon dioxide (NOAA) it has risen to 412.45 by May 14, 2018. Without (CO2) is essential for photosynthesis, which sustains the life additional effort to reduce GHGs emission, it is estimated of plants (Rogers et al., 1994). Human induced activities to rise to more than 1300 ppm by 2100 (Edenhofer et al., have escalated the concentration of CO2 in atmosphere. Its 2014). Atmospheric carbon is accumulating in earth’s concentration was 270 ppm before industrial revolution atmosphere at the rate of 3.5 billion tons per annum (Rogers et al., 1994) and according to data recorded by (Paustian et al., 2000), the largest portion of which resulting Cite this article as: L.B. Magar et al. (2018) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 220-226. DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.20772 2*Corresponding author Niranjan Parajuli, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal. Email: [email protected] Tel: +977-1-4332034 Peer reviewed under authority of IJASBT © 2018 International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT L.B. Magar et al. (2018) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 220-226 from fossil fuels combustion is 34% by sector (Edenhofer 300, 450, and 50-ton ha-1 of land are used for tree et al., 2014). Kumar et al., 2011 have suggested the positive intercropping, multistrata systems, protective systems, effect of increased atmospheric CO2 such as improvement silvopasture, and tree woodlots respectively (Nair et al., of soil physical and chemical properties by soil organic 2012). These practices have greater potential to increase matter build up and nutrient stocks in soil resulting plant carbon sequestration (Lee and Jose 2003; Nair et al., 2009; productivity. However, increased of atmospheric CO2 is Schoeneberger et al., 2009; Morgan et al., 2010). considered the predominant cause of global climate change Potentially accumulated carbon stored in above and (Jose and Bardan, 2012). belowground compartment of tree (Mosquera-Losada et al., 2011). Thus, management of agricultural systems to Green trees and woodland play a vital role in the sequester carbon has been accepted as a partial solution to sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Trees climate change (Morgan et al., 2010). Sustainably utilize carbon dioxide and store as carbon in the trunk, managing agroforestry system, carbon can be retained in branches, roots and leaves through the process of these systems for centuries (Dixon, 1995). Additionally, photosynthesis. CO2 sequestration potential mainly depends agroforestry systems have been recommended to reduce soil upon the biological productivity, climatic condition, erosion and improve water quality (WBCSD, 2010). It is topography, management practices and varies from place to also purposeful for a variety of benefits and services such place on different regions on the basis of different species as increasing crop yields, reducing food insecurity, (House et al., 2002). Altitude in Nepal ranges from 60 - enhancing environmental services, and resilience of agro- 8,848 m height with diverse climatic and ecological zone. ecosystems (Ajayi et al., 2011). Geographically, it is divided into Himalaya region, Hilly region and Terai region. Government of Nepal have Natural forest system is declining due to urbanization, recognized Churia region (between Hilly and Terai regions) expanding farm land and increasing the demand of timber as vulnerable landscape. (Chakravarty et al., 2011). The loss of these systems causes severe damage to regions ecosystem (Pimentel, 2006) . One of the mitigating methods advocated by The Kyoto These alterations cascade through the ecosystem, resulting Protocol (Protocol, 1997) on reduction of carbon emission in increased temperature altered rainfall patterns and is to trade off carbon emission by sequestration in natural degraded soil profiles. Hence, apart from fossil fuel sink like trees (Sedjo and Sohagen, 2012). This strategy is combustion, decimation of forest and its products could also relatively cost effective as it requires little new technology, be a factor that aids in changing global climate. readily themselves to local adoption and diffusion to the rural poor (Brown, 2002). Ever since, mitigation of One of the ideal options to abate global climate change is increased atmospheric CO2 by agroforestry sink strategy is implementing Paulownia trees in agroforestry system. It is being recognized widely. Many studies on agroforestry as a fast growing multipurpose bio-energy tree which is readily strategy for carbon sequestration have been carried out sustainable and suitable for agroforestry system (Mosquera- (Nair et al., 2009; Jose and Bardan, 2012). Others have Losada et al., 2011). Genus Paulownia belonging to family studied potential soil organic carbon sequestration in Paulowniaceae are divided into different species according agroforestry system (Lorenz and Lal, 2014). Nonetheless, to their flower and fruit morphology (HU, 1995). limited details are available regarding carbon sequestration Poulowina is popular around global market for its timber value and information about P. tomentosa and its due to its characteristics of rot resistance, dimensional implemented in agroforestry for climate change mitigation. stability and very high ignition point (Bergman and Therefore, the main objective of this study was to measure Whetten, 1998; Silvestere, 2005). Plantation of Poulowina the total biomass carbon storage potential of previously and can be done with about 2000 trees per hector and it can be newly planted P. tomentosa and to promote the plant as harvested in 15 years for its valuable timber (Akyidis, opportunity in agroforestry system to deal with CO2 related 2010). Under natural conditions a 10-year-old Paulownia mitigation option. tree measures 0.3 – 0.4m in diameter at breast height (dbh), and yields timer volume of 0.3 - 0.5 m3 (Flynn and Holder Agroforestry System and P. tomentosa 2001). The awareness of agroforestry’s potential for climate change adaptation and mitigation systems is growing Deep root system of
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