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Mayor's Municipal Waste Strategy: Rethinking Rubbish in London Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Rethinking Rubbish in London:: Rethinking The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Municipal Waste The Mayor’s September 2003 Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy September 2003 copyright Greater London Authority September 2003 Published by Greater London Authority City Hall The Queen’s Walk London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4000 minicom 020 7983 4458 ISBN 1 85261 521 4 Cover photograph Fran Evans This document is printed on 75 per cent recycled paper, 25 per cent from sustainable forest management Acknowledgements The Mayor would like to give special thanks to the Waste Strategy Team at the GLA; Hannah Collings, Peter Daw, John Duffy, Frances Evans, David Goode, Katherine Higgins, David Hutchinson, Wayne Hubbard, Julie Oram and Andy Richmond; As well as former members of the team, Stephen McDonnell and Simon Read. He also wishes to thank all consultants and advisors who have aided work on the Municipal Waste Management Strategy. Finally, the Mayor would like to thank the many organisations and individuals who contributed to this Strategy and who are listed in the back of the document. Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Mayor of London iii contents foreword v preface ix executive summary xiii 1 introduction 1 2 setting the scene 5 3 vision and linkages 85 4 policies and proposals 119 4A Framework for policies and proposals 119 waste management options 139 4B Waste reduction and reuse 139 4C Recycling collection 153 4D Composting 165 4E Recovery and residual waste treatment 173 4F Landfill 192 other municipal waste 199 4G Reuse and recycling centres (Civic Amenity sites) 199 4H Street cleansing and litter 206 4J Producer responsibility – packaging, electrical and 218 electronic equipment 4K Hazardous waste 227 4L Clinical waste 232 other issues 236 4M Education and promotion 236 4N Developing markets 243 4P Leading by example 251 4Q Planning the waste infrastructure in London 256 4R Longer-term structural changes – a single waste 262 disposal authority 4S Transport of waste 265 4T Funding 271 4U Municipal waste contracts 277 4V Municipal Waste Management Strategies 284 iv Mayor of London Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy 5 implementation and monitoring progress 287 Implementation Plan 296 appendicies Appendix 1: What makes up municipal solid waste 321 Appendix 2: Summary of London Recycling Fund 322 Allocations in 2002/03 Appendix 3: Municipal Solid Waste recyclable flows 324 Appendix 4: Recycling plans 329 Appendix 5: Municipal waste in London 2001/02 332 (thousand tonnes) Appendix 6: Waste contracts in London 334 glossary 336 abbreviations 351 photography credits 353 contributors credits 359 index 361 Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Mayor of London v foreword It is 17 years since the GLC provided a coordinated approach to waste management for London. Over that period we have fallen way behind the achievements of many European cities. I am delighted therefore to present this Strategy, which I believe sets us on the right course for the 21st century. Last year, when I consulted on the draft Strategy, Londoners commented very positively on my proposals saying that they were keen to recycle more and wanted improved recycling services. Stakeholders in the waste sector also warmly welcomed the approach in the Strategy, but made a number of specific comments. All comments have been taken into account when preparing this final Strategy and it sets out a package of policies and proposals to move London towards sustainable waste management. In the last year I have done more than just revise the Strategy, as it was important to get things moving to make a real difference. The £21.3 million that I successfully secured from Government, in partnership with the Association of London Government and London Waste Action, has now been distributed through the London Recycling Fund, and is doing just that. The further £3.6 million recently secured is proof of this success. Another key achievement is my Green Procurement Code, which I have developed with London Remade. I am delighted that all 33 London boroughs have signed up to the code, along with over 230 of London’s key businesses and organisations. This, along with my continued investment in industry using recyclable materials, through the London Development Agency, is creating further demand for recycled materials. This development of future markets is vital, particularly as we need to recycle three times the current amount by 2005/06. All the London boroughs collect a wide range of items for recycling, much more than just newspapers and glass bottles. However, some people are not aware of what they can do or how. To deal with this, I have just launched a Londonwide awareness campaign – Recycle for London. I am working with the London boroughs, who provide the services, to help make recycling part of the everyday lives of Londoners. To find out more visit the campaign website www.recycleforlondon.com or ring the helpline 08453 31 31 31. New waste legislation will mean that we have to massively reduce the amount of biodegradable waste we can send to landfill, so my Strategy really has to work to achieve this. Composting, at home and through vi Mayor of London Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy collections, will help towards this. However, even with the implementation of the reduction, reuse and recycling proposals in this Strategy, there will still be a lot of waste to deal with. Therefore, I am working to bring new waste treatment technologies into London that mean we will not need to use as much landfill or any more incineration. The plans in East London for two new Mechanical Biological Treatment plants are a great step forward. Taking into account comments in relation to the London Plan and the Waste Strategy, I have revised my proposal on incineration. The new proposal maintains my aim to ensure that we manage London’s waste in the best way possible. If this is done, we shouldn’t need any new incinerators in London. This was strongly supported by Londoners during the consultation. My key project on litter, the Capital Standards Programme, is now gathering momentum – with 26 of London’s boroughs working hard with me to improve the standard of London’s streets and public areas. Just before Christmas, I launched my ‘Pick it Up’ project, to help make schoolchildren aware of the problem; this included a great song for them to learn. My London Schools Environment Award (LSEA), also launched recently, builds on this by challenging London’s schools to improve their local environment and rewarding those who are most effective. In the last couple of months, the Capital Standards Programme has trained staff from 26 London boroughs on improved litter enforcement. The first 120 officers are expected on London’s streets by the autumn, with 500 anticipated in 2004. The world of waste management continues to change at a rapid pace. Since the publication of the consultation draft of this Strategy, the Government’s Strategy Unit published a report on waste. In response to that report, the Government is taking forward its recommendations and has already introduced some changes. Some of these are not yet clear and the supposed improvements, from the moving of Landfill Tax Credits Funding away from local projects to national initiatives, are yet to be seen. There needs to be huge investment in waste management in this country to make it sustainable. I plan to make the best of London’s share of this funding – but it is the Government’s responsibility to make sure the pot is big enough to make the changes needed. This is what I will be urging them to do. I look forward to working with everyone including the London boroughs, community recycling groups and the waste industry, but particularly individual Londoners, to make my vision for sustainable Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Mayor of London vii waste management a reality. Now that my Strategy is published, we can concentrate on implementing the proposals to take London to 25 per cent recycling, and beyond, in the next 3 years. Ken Livingstone Mayor of London viii Mayor of London Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor’s Municipal Waste Management Strategy Mayor of London ix preface This Strategy is one of a series dealing with environmental issues in London. The Mayor is required to produce four environmental strategies addressing Air Quality, Ambient Noise, Biodiversity and Municipal Waste Management. He has also decided to produce an Energy Strategy for London. The main elements of each environmental strategy are reflected in the overall London Plan and where appropriate in the Transport and Economic Development Strategies. Together these strategies provide the basis for improving London’s environment. They also provide an integrated framework for sustainable development. Whilst improvement of London’s immediate environment, by reducing pollution and improving the quality of life for Londoners, is the main purpose of the environmental strategies, this is not the sole objective. We also need to be aware of London’s wider impact on the global environment and realise that when we improve the city’s environmental performance there will be direct and indirect benefits elsewhere. We need to consider the way that London functions in terms of its daily processes and be aware of its wider ecological footprint. A helpful way of thinking about the city in this context is to see it as an organism consuming vast quantities of materials and energy, with influences reaching out far and wide.
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