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The Role of Bell Patterns in West African and Afro-Caribbean Music
Braiding Rhythms: The Role of Bell Patterns in West African and Afro-Caribbean Music A Smithsonian Folkways Lesson Designed by: Jonathan Saxon* Antelope Valley College Summary: These lessons aim to demonstrate polyrhythmic elements found throughout West African and Afro-Caribbean music. Students will listen to music from Ghana, Nigeria, Cuba, and Puerto Rico to learn how this polyrhythmic tradition followed Africans to the Caribbean as a result of the transatlantic slave trade. Students will learn the rumba clave pattern, cascara pattern, and a 6/8 bell pattern. All rhythms will be accompanied by a two-step dance pattern. Suggested Grade Levels: 9–12, college/university courses Countries: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Ghana, Nigeria Regions: West Africa, the Caribbean Culture Groups: Yoruba of Nigeria, Ga of Ghana, Afro-Caribbean Genre: West African, Afro-Caribbean Instruments: Designed for classes with no access to instruments, but sticks, mambo bells, and shakers can be added Language: English Co-Curricular Areas: U.S. history, African-American history, history of Latin American and the Caribbean (also suited for non-music majors) Prerequisites: None. Objectives: Clap and sing clave rhythm Clap and sing cascara rhythm Clap and sing 6/8 bell pattern Dance two-bar phrase stepping on quarter note of each beat in 4/4 time Listen to music from Cuba, Puerto Rico, Ghana, and Nigeria Learn where Cuba, Puerto Rico, Ghana, and Nigeria are located on a map Understand that rhythmic ideas and phrases followed Africans from West Africa to the Caribbean as a result of the transatlantic slave trade * Special thanks to Dr. Marisol Berríos-Miranda and Dr. -
Guidelines for Effective Institutional Piano Maintenance
Guidelines for Effective Institutional Piano Maintenance What is the Piano Technicians Guild? The Piano Technicians Guild (PTG) is a nonprofit, international organi- zation of piano technicians. The mission of PTG is to promote the highest possible standards of piano service by providing members with opportuni- ties for professional development, by recognizing technical competence through examinations and by advancing the interests of its members. Membership is open to all individuals with a professional or avocation- al interest in piano technology. A Registered Piano Technician (RPT) member has passed three rigor- ous examinations that assess the knowledge and skills required to tune, maintain, and repair pianos. Copies of this publication and other PTG materials may be purchased from: The Piano Technicians Guild, Inc. 4444 Forest Avenue Kansas City, KS 66106-3750 PH: (913) 432-9975 FAX: (913) 432-9986 [email protected] www.ptg.org 2004 Piano Technicians Guild, Inc. ii Table of Contents Foreword............................................................................................iv Introduction........................................................................................ v General Recommendations................................................................ 1 Staffing and Workload....................................................................... 3 The Contract Technician......................................................... 4 Minimum Qualifications and Training.................................... 5 Budgets.............................................................................................. -
Carillon News No. 80
No. 80 NovemberCarillon 2008 News www.gcna.org Newsletter of the Guild of Carillonneurs in North America Berkeley Opens Golden Arms to Features 2008 GCNA Congress GCNA Congress by Sue Bergren and Jenny King at Berkeley . 1 he University of California at TBerkeley, well known for its New Carillonneur distinguished faculty and academic Members . 4 programs, hosted the GCNA’s 66th Congress from June 10 through WCF Congress in June 13. As in 1988 and 1998, the 2008 Congress was held jointly Groningen . .. 5 with the Berkeley Carillon Festival, an event held every five years to Search for Improving honor the Class of 1928. Hosted by Carillons: Key Fall University Carillonist Jeff Davis, vs. Clapper Stroke . 7 the congress focused on the North American carillon and its music. The Class of 1928 Carillon Belgium, began as a chime of 12 Taylor bells. Summer 2008 . 8 In 1978, the original chime was enlarged to a 48-bell carillon by a Plus gift of 36 Paccard bells from the Class of 1928. In 1982, Evelyn and Jerry Chambers provided an additional gift to enlarge the instrument to a grand carillon of Calendar . 3 61 bells. The University of California at Berkeley, with Sather Tower and The Class of 1928 Installations, Carillon, provided a magnificent setting and instrument for the GCNA congress and Renovations, Berkeley festival. More than 100 participants gathered for artist and advancement recitals, Dedications . 11 general business meetings and scholarly presentations, opportunities to review and pur- chase music, and lots of food, drink, and camaraderie. Many participants were able to walk Overtones from their hotels to the campus, stopping on the way for a favorite cup of coffee. -
Bell News Vol 27
^ittgere* T^ecor^: A Weekly Journal k f the Ringing Exercise; and Compendium o f Information fo r tk$ Clergy and Churchwardens. No. 1396. -VOL. XXVII.] S A T U R D A Y , JA N U A R Y 2, 1909. [P r ic e O n e P b n i ^ m GII.I.ETT & JOHNSTON, GEORGE H.COLDWELI CROYDON, Surrey. M AK ER OP CHURCH, TURRET, Makers ot th« Re-Hangers m a n Great Clocks New Iron Frames PUBLIC CLOCKf Md Bells at of the P e a l s at MIRFISLD, TOSm Toronto, Canada. Leek, stan. ■S*rilMATH« FRBK. Lav Courts, Loiiden. Lannton, oion. JAMES SHAW,SONftGi Tvyford, Baom. O H U B O H & C A B I L I i O m Birmmgham, Art Gallery. Wool, Doriat. CHURCH BELL HANQBRSS Londonderry, Worplesdon, Oathadral. LEEDS ROAD, BRADFORl Burey. TORU., ■■TaBMfBM MS. BELL FOUNDERS & HANGERS, Balli oaii Singly or ia Ring*. Chuoti BaM Sobool Belli, aad Fvotery Belli. CLOCK MANUFACTURERS, OLD B S II.S R B ^^ST OR RKHUHII CARILLON MAKERS. Masioal Hand Ben In lets, Diatonic or Chromatto Soalai. ESTABI.ISHED 1820 Huleal O IottB^^^gulU eu te M d Astley aod Sens, Ltd. Mmufucttifen by Steam Power of every JOHN PRITCHARD, h a v e MAD£ 4ncriftwn of CHURCH BELL ROPES CHURCH TURRET k PUfiLH BELL ROPE, Since the Reign of George III. CLOCKS. For Estimates send wetghi of Tenor, and Uata KBd Eatln»«taa hpfe*. CLOCK IIHD CHmUSG ROPE number and length of Ropes required to IM a n w f a o ' t M r e ■>-, JOHN ASTLEY & SONS, Ltd Greenleaf & Tristram LOUGHBOROUGH. -
Mending Bells and Closing Belfries with Faust
Proceedings of the 1st International Faust Conference (IFC-18), Mainz, Germany, July 17–18, 2018 MENDING BELLS AND CLOSING BELFRIES WITH FAUST John Granzow Tiffany Ng School of Music Theatre and Dance School of Music Theatre and Dance University of Michigan, USA University of Michigan, USA [email protected] [email protected] Chris Chafe Romain Michon Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics Stanford University, USA Stanford University, USA [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT to just above the bead line. Figure 2 shows the profile we used with the relative thickness variations between the inner and outer Finite Element Analyses (FEA) was used to predict the reso- surface. nant modes of the Tsar Kolokol, a 200 ton fractured bell that sits outside the Kremlin in Moscow. Frequency and displacement data informed a physical model implemented in the Faust programming language (Functional Audio Stream). The authors hosted a con- cert for Tsar bell and Carillon with the generous support of Meyer Sound and a University of Michigan bicentennial grant. In the concert, the simulated Tsar bell was triggered by the keyboard and perceptually fused with the bourdon of the Baird Carillon on the University of Michigan campus in Ann Arbor. 1. INTRODUCTION In 1735 Empress Anna Ivanovna commissioned the giant Tsar Kolokol bell. The bell was cast in an excavated pit then raised into scaffolding for the cooling and engraving process. When the supporting wooden structure caught fire, the bell was doused with water causing the metal to crack. -
Piano Manufacturing an Art and a Craft
Nikolaus W. Schimmel Piano Manufacturing An Art and a Craft Gesa Lücker (Concert pianist and professor of piano, University for Music and Drama, Hannover) Nikolaus W. Schimmel Piano Manufacturing An Art and a Craft Since time immemorial, music has accompanied mankind. The earliest instrumentological finds date back 50,000 years. The first known musical instrument with fibers under ten sion serving as strings and a resonator is the stick zither. From this small beginning, a vast array of plucked and struck stringed instruments evolved, eventually resulting in the first stringed keyboard instruments. With the invention of the hammer harpsichord (gravi cembalo col piano e forte, “harpsichord with piano and forte”, i.e. with the capability of dynamic modulation) in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori toward the beginning of the eighteenth century, the pianoforte was born, which over the following centuries evolved into the most versitile and widely disseminated musical instrument of all time. This was possible only in the context of the high level of devel- opment of artistry and craftsmanship worldwide, particu- larly in the German-speaking part of Europe. Since 1885, the Schimmel family has belonged to a circle of German manufacturers preserving the traditional art and craft of piano building, advancing it to ever greater perfection. Today Schimmel ranks first among the resident German piano manufacturers still owned and operated by Contents the original founding family, now in its fourth generation. Schimmel pianos enjoy an excellent reputation worldwide. 09 The Fascination of the Piano This booklet, now in its completely revised and 15 The Evolution of the Piano up dated eighth edition, was first published in 1985 on The Origin of Music and Stringed Instruments the occa sion of the centennial of Wilhelm Schimmel, 18 Early Stringed Instruments – Plucked Wood Pianofortefa brik GmbH. -
Investment Casting Or the Lost Wax Process
Investment Casting or The Lost Wax Process Apecs Investment Castings was founded in 1963 and is now situated in the Melbourne suburb of Burwood where we have been since we outgrew our Canterbury factory in August 1987. The company name (APECS), stands for Anthony Philip Eccles Casting Service. Investment is a type of plaster that we use in our process of reproducing multiple copies of an original master pattern which is usually supplied to us by our customers. This is a classic 18ct yellow gold emerald and diamond ring taken from the Apecs catalogue. The next series of photos will show the steps involved in producing multiple copies of this ring. An original master pattern is designed and fabricated by our customers and supplied to us to reproduce in the quantities and metals of their choice. It is important to ensure that the master is made as accurately as possible and to pay particular attention to the finish of the master pattern. The better the quality of the master pattern the better the casting result. The finished master pattern ready for the caster. A picture of the master pattern is drawn and a mould number is allocated for identification. When the customer wants to reorder he quotes the mould number for the pattern he wants. A sprue is soldered onto the pattern. This sprue enables the pattern to be easily located in the mould and will provide the path for the wax to be injected into the rubber mould. To make a mould the master pattern is placed between sheets of uncured vulcanising rubber. -
African Drumming in Drum Circles by Robert J
African Drumming in Drum Circles By Robert J. Damm Although there is a clear distinction between African drum ensembles that learn a repertoire of traditional dance rhythms of West Africa and a drum circle that plays primarily freestyle, in-the-moment music, there are times when it might be valuable to share African drumming concepts in a drum circle. In his 2011 Percussive Notes article “Interactive Drumming: Using the power of rhythm to unite and inspire,” Kalani defined drum circles, drum ensembles, and drum classes. Drum circles are “improvisational experiences, aimed at having fun in an inclusive setting. They don’t require of the participants any specific musical knowledge or skills, and the music is co-created in the moment. The main idea is that anyone is free to join and express himself or herself in any way that positively contributes to the music.” By contrast, drum classes are “a means to learn musical skills. The goal is to develop one’s drumming skills in order to enhance one’s enjoyment and appreciation of music. Students often start with classes and then move on to join ensembles, thereby further developing their skills.” Drum ensembles are “often organized around specific musical genres, such as contemporary or folkloric music of a specific culture” (Kalani, p. 72). Robert Damm: It may be beneficial for a drum circle facilitator to introduce elements of African music for the sake of enhancing the musical skills, cultural knowledge, and social experience of the participants. PERCUSSIVE NOTES 8 JULY 2017 PERCUSSIVE NOTES 9 JULY 2017 cknowledging these distinctions, it may be beneficial for a drum circle facilitator to introduce elements of African music (culturally specific rhythms, processes, and concepts) for the sake of enhancing the musi- cal skills, cultural knowledge, and social experience Aof the participants in a drum circle. -
Detecting Pre-Modern Lexical Influence from South India in Maritime Southeast Asia
Archipel Études interdisciplinaires sur le monde insulindien 89 | 2015 Varia Detecting pre-modern lexical influence from South India in Maritime Southeast Asia Détecter l’influence du lexique pré‑moderne de l’Inde du Sud en Asie du Sud-Est maritime. Tom Hoogervorst Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/490 DOI: 10.4000/archipel.490 ISSN: 2104-3655 Publisher Association Archipel Printed version Date of publication: 15 April 2015 Number of pages: 63-93 ISBN: 978-2-910513-72-6 ISSN: 0044-8613 Electronic reference Tom Hoogervorst, “Detecting pre-modern lexical influence from South India in Maritime Southeast Asia”, Archipel [Online], 89 | 2015, Online since 15 June 2017, connection on 05 March 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/490 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/archipel.490 Association Archipel EMPRUNTS ET RÉINTERPRÉTATIONS TOM HOOGERVORST1 Detecting pre-modern lexical influence from South India in Maritime Southeast Asia2 Introduction In the mid-19th century, the famous Malacca-born language instructor Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir documented the following account in his autobiography Hikayat Abdullah (Munšī 1849): “[…] my father sent me to a teacher to learn Tamil, an Indian language, because it had been the custom from the time of our forefathers in Malacca for all the children of good and well-to-do families to learn it. It was useful for doing computations and accounts, and for purposes of conversation because at that time Malacca was crowded with Indian merchants. Many were the men who had become rich by trading in Malacca, so much so that the names of Tamil traders had become famous. -
Post-9/11 Brown and the Politics of Intercultural Improvisation A
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE “Sound Come-Unity”: Post-9/11 Brown and the Politics of Intercultural Improvisation A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music by Dhirendra Mikhail Panikker September 2019 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Deborah Wong, Chairperson Dr. Robin D.G. Kelley Dr. René T.A. Lysloff Dr. Liz Przybylski Copyright by Dhirendra Mikhail Panikker 2019 The Dissertation of Dhirendra Mikhail Panikker is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside Acknowledgments Writing can feel like a solitary pursuit. It is a form of intellectual labor that demands individual willpower and sheer mental grit. But like improvisation, it is also a fundamentally social act. Writing this dissertation has been a collaborative process emerging through countless interactions across musical, academic, and familial circles. This work exceeds my role as individual author. It is the creative product of many voices. First and foremost, I want to thank my advisor, Professor Deborah Wong. I can’t possibly express how much she has done for me. Deborah has helped deepen my critical and ethnographic chops through thoughtful guidance and collaborative study. She models the kind of engaged and political work we all should be doing as scholars. But it all of the unseen moments of selfless labor that defines her commitment as a mentor: countless letters of recommendations, conference paper coachings, last minute grant reminders. Deborah’s voice can be found across every page. I am indebted to the musicians without whom my dissertation would not be possible. Priya Gopal, Vijay Iyer, Amir ElSaffar, and Hafez Modirzadeh gave so much of their time and energy to this project. -
The Lost-Wax Casting Process—Down to Basics by Eddie Bell, Founder, Santa Fe Symposium
The Lost-Wax Casting Process—Down To Basics By Eddie Bell, Founder, Santa Fe Symposium. Lost-wax casting is a ancient technique that is used today in essentially the same manner as it was first used more than 5,000 years ago. As they say, there's no messing with success. Today, of course, technology has vastly expanded the technique and produced powerful equipment that makes the process faster, easier and more productive than ever, but the basic steps remain the same. The steps below represent a simple overview and are intended to provide a beginning understanding of the casting process. Concept This is obviously where the design is initally conceived, discussed,evolved, and captured on paper—or on computer; CAD (computer aided design) software is increasingly popular among designers. You create the design you envision using the computer tool and the software creates a file that can be uploaded into a CNC mill or 3D printer. Model Build a model, either by hand-carving, guided by the paper rendering, or by uploading the CAD file into a computer controlled milling machine or a 3D printing machine. Models are made using carving wax, resin or similar material. This process can also be done in metal by a goldsmith or silversmith. Note: If a 3D printer or other rapid prototyping equipment is used, it is possible to skip the molding and wax-injection steps by using one of the resins that are specially made to go directly to the treeing process. Molding Create a mold from your master model, placing it in one of a variety of rubber or silicone materials, curing the material, then removing the model from the finished mold. -
The World Famous Bells (Myanmar and Russia) Swe Swe Aung1
Dagon University Commemoration of 25th Anniversary Silver Jubilee Research Journal Volume 9,No.1 151 The World Famous Bells (Myanmar and Russia) Swe Swe Aung1 Abstract The World‟s largest bell is the Tsar Bell III (Tsar-Kolokol) in Moscow. It is called Tsar Kolokol „III‟ because it was cast three times, and more metal was added cash time. It is a tower bell and made of bronze. The bell is the largest bell in the world, weighing 201,924 kilograms with a heigh of 6.14 meters and diameter of 6.6 meters and thickness of up to 61 centimeters. It is a master piece of 18th century Russian casting technology. The Mingun Bell is a bell located in Mingun, Sagaing Region, Myanmar. Mingun is well known for its huge 90 ton Mingun Bell, the world‟s largest uncracked and ringing Bell. Introduction The history of Russian bell goes back to the 10th century, but in the medieval Russian Orthodox Church, bells, were not typically rung to indicate Church service, but to announce important ceremonies, celebrations and as an alarm in case of fire or enemy attack. One of the largest of the early bells was the original Tsar bell, casted in the 16th century. However, Tsar Bellwas created second time in AD 170, and Tsar Bell was again destroyed by a fire. In AD 1735,Tsar Bellwas castedthird time. Tsarina Anna I ordered that the pieces be casted into a new bell with its weight increased by another hundred tons. So the Tsar Bell III (Russia) is the largest bell in the world, weighing 201,924 Kilograms.