Table of Contents
Preface...... xxxii
Section 1 Finance and Economics
Chapter 1 The Impact of COVID-19 on the Business Performance and Financial Position in Hotel Industry: The Case of Croatia...... 1 Sanja Sever Mališ, Faculty of Economics and Business, Croatia Ivana Mamic Sačer, Faculty of Economics and Business, Croatia
Chapter 2 The Impact of COVID-19 on Volatility of Tourism Stocks: Evidence From BIST Tourism Index...... 23 Burze Yaşar, TED University, Turkey
Chapter 3 Financial Impacts of COVID-19 on Tourism: Evidence From Some Listed Companies...... 45 Derya Üçoğlu, Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey
Chapter 4 The Effect of COVID-19 on the Tourism Sector in Turkey: An Evaluation with Financial Statement Analysis...... 69 Duygu Şengül Çelikay, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Turkey Ferdi Çelikay, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Turkey
Chapter 5 The Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on the Tourism Global Value Chain...... 92 Maha Mohamed Elhini, The British University in Egypt, Egypt Dina Kafafy, Egyptian National Competitiveness Council, Egypt
Chapter 6 “Infernum”: Economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health Tourism Industry – A Snapshot...... 115 Dilek Çetin, Suleyman Demirel University, Turkey Erkan Erdil, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
Chapter 7 Economic Impacts of the Pandemic on the Tourism of the Developing World: The Case of COVID-19...... 135 Ayca Sarialioglu Hayali, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey Cabir Celik, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey
Chapter 8 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Economy: Evidence From Borsa Istanbul.155 Süleyman Şen, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey Süreyya Kovacı, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Chapter 9 Tourism in the Low Touch Economy: Challenges and Opportunities...... 177 Cynthia Maria Montaudon- Tomas, UPAEP Universidad, Mexico Ingrid N. Pinto-López, UPAEP Universidad, Mexico Anna Amsler, Independent Researcher, Mexico
Chapter 10 Economic and Social Impacts of COVID-19 on European Tourism...... 200 Gorkemli Kazar, Munzur University, Turkey Altug Kazar, Munzur University, Turkey Tuba Akpınar, Munzur University, Turkey
Chapter 11 The Effects of COVID-19 on Turkey’s Tourism Economy: An Assessment Within the Scope of Employment and Tourism Revenues...... 226 Mete Dibo, Hitit University, Turkey
Chapter 12 Economic Impacts of the Pandemic on Tourism Management in Turkey: The Case of COVID-19... 247 Demokaan Demirel, Kocaeli University, Turkey
Section 2 Marketing and Consumer Behavior
Chapter 13 Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Holiday Purchase Intention During the COVID-19 Period...... 268 Gönül Göker, Çankırı Karatekin University, Turkey Ilknur Ayar, Çankırı Karatekin University, Turkey
Chapter 14 The Destination Preferences of Foreign Tourists During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Attitudes Towards: Marmaris, Turkey...... 285 Funda Varnacı Uzun, Aksaray University, Turkey
Chapter 15 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Holiday Preferences at the Example of Z Generation Within the Youth Tourism...... 307 Daniela Matušíková, University of Prešov, Slovakia Kristína Šambronská, University of Prešov, Slovakia Martina Košíková, University of Prešov, Slovakia
Chapter 16 Understanding Tourist Perceptions and Expectations During Pandemic Through Social Media Big Data...... 330 Ibrahim Sabuncu, Yalova University, Turkey
Chapter 17 Travel Risk and Intention to Visit a Destination During the COVID-19 Pandemic...... 351 Gonca Aytaş, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey Aysel Aliyeva, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey Engin Aytekin, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey
Chapter 18 The Effect of COVID-19 Measures in Hotels on Tourists’ Perceptions of Safe Tourism Service...... 372 Şirvan Şen Demir, Süleyman Demirel University, Turkey
Chapter 19 Psychological Characteristics of Tourist Behavior During a Pandemic and Expectations of Future Tourists...... 393 Darja Kobal Grum, University in Ljubljana, Slovenia
Chapter 20 The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism: A Qualitative Study...... 416 Gülden Güvenç, Işık University, Turkey Damla Til Öğüt, Işık University, Turkey
Chapter 21 Changes in Tourism Sales and Marketing Post COVID-19...... 437 Murat Selim Selvi, Namik Kemal University, Turkey
Chapter 22 Socio-Cultural Impacts of the Pandemic on Tourism: The Case of COVID-`9...... 461 Caner Çalışkan, Adıyaman University, Turkey Hülya Yeşilyurt, Adıyaman University, Turkey Boris Michalík, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
Chapter 23 Analysis of Online Hotel Reviews During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Topic Modeling...... 478 Özlem Ergüt, Marmara University, Turkey
Section 3 Management and Organization
Chapter 24 (Re)acting to the COVID-19 Crisis in Hotels: The Perceptions of Portuguese Managers...... 496 António Melo, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal Sandra Vieira Vasconcelos, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal Carla Melo, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal Miguel Silva, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
Chapter 25 COVID-19 and Its Employment Dimension in the Tourism Sector...... 520 Derya Alimanoğlu Yemişci, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey Barış Öztuna, Çankırı Karatekin University, Turkey
Chapter 26 The Effects of COVID-19 on Tourism and Hospitality Employment...... 539 Zeynep Karsavuran, Akdeniz University, Turkey
Chapter 27 The Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic on Airport Operations: A Study in Turkey.. 558 Güzide Karakuş, Necmettin Erbakan University, Turkey Fatma Selin Sak, Giresun University, Turkey Ahu Altınel, Selçuk University, Turkey
Chapter 28 Forecasting Hotel Occupancy Rates With Artificial Neural Networks in the COVID-19 Process..... 583 Arzu Organ, Pamukkale University, Turkey Cansu Tosun Gavcar, Pamukkale University, Turkey
Chapter 29 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Food Safety: Are the Consumers in the Hospitality, Food, and Beverage Industry Right to Worry?...... 603 Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan, University of Bahrain, Bahrain Naeem Anwar, University of Bahrain, Bahrain Abdelmoneim Sulieman, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia Fadheela AlAlawi, University of Bahrain, Bahrain Mohammed Yousif Mohammed, University of Bahrain, Bahrain Sharique Ahmed, University of Bahrain, Bahrain
Chapter 30 COVID-19 Policy Actions for the Recovery of the Tourism Industry and a Discussion for the Post-COVID Era...... 627 Burcu Turkcan, Ege University, Turkey
Chapter 31 New Practices in the Tourism Sector During COVID-19...... 645 Meral Büyükkuru, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Turkey Neşe Yılmaz, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Turkey
Chapter 32 The Impacts of Cognitive and Affective Risk Perception of COVID-19 on Life Well-Being: The Mediating Effect of Understanding COVID-19...... 664 Ali Dalgıç, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Turkey Mahmut Demir, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Turkey Fatma Doğanay Ergen, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Turkey
Section 4 Alternative and Sustainable Tourism
Chapter 33 Rediscovering the Rural as a Tourist Destination in Pandemic Times: The Case of Portugal...... 684 Susana Silva, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal Paulo Carvalho, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
Chapter 34 The Impact of COVID-19 on the Rural Second Home Tourism: Case of Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey...... 703 Ersin Türk, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey Aygün Erdoğan, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey Beytullah Sulak, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey Gökhan Hüseyin Erkan, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey
Chapter 35 Obstacles and Adaptations of Mega-Events in São Paulo in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic... 728 Daiane Oliveira da Silva, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil Madalena Pedroso Aulicino, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Chapter 36 The Effects of COVID-19 on Health Tourism and Tourist Health...... 747 Mehtap Ataseven Bulun, İstanbul Okan University, Turkey Onur Yarar, İstanbul Okan University, Turkey
Chapter 37 Modeling Attitudes to Nature, Tourism, and Sustainable Development in National Parks: A Survey of Visitors in the Vesuvius National Park...... 768 Ilaria Marotta, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Fabio Corbisiero, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Luigi Delle Cave, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Chapter 38 COVID-19 and Alternative Tourism: New Destinations and New Tourism Products...... 786 Buket Buluk Eşitti, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey
Chapter 39 Alternative Suggestion for the Sustainability of Tourism During Coronavirus Breakout...... 806 Remenyik Bulcsu, Budapest Business School, Hungary Cem Yesilyurt, Adıyaman University, Turkey Ali Bagdadi, Budapest Business School, Hungary
Chapter 40 Sustainable Tourism Development in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study of Slovakia.. 823 Hana Bieliková, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia Zuzana Palenčíková, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
Chapter 41 The Rise of Digitalization in the Tourism Industry During COVID-19: Cyber Space, Destinations, and Tourist Experiences...... 843 Öznur Akgiş İlhan, Ahi Evran University, Turkey
Chapter 42 Tourism Education During the Pandemic: Is Distance Education a Solution?...... 863 Ina Keçi, European University of Tirana, Albania Ermira Qosja, European University of Tirana, Albania
Chapter 43 Review of the Studies Related to COVID-19 and Tourism Using Text Mining Techniques...... 885 Burcu Kartal, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Turkey Mehmet Fatih Sert, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Turkey
Compilation of References...... xxxviii
About the Contributors...... clxi
Index...... clxxvi