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Elevación De Montañas a Través De Intrusiones Plutónicas Y La Controversia Geológica Vivida Por Maria Graham

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Elevación De Montañas a Través De Intrusiones Plutónicas Y La Controversia Geológica Vivida Por Maria Graham O EOL GIC G A D D A E D C E I H C I L E O S F u n 2 d 6 la serena octubre 2015 ada en 19 Elevación de montañas a través de intrusiones plutónicas y la controversia geológica vivida por Maria Graham Carolina Silva Parejas Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello, Av. República 252, Santiago, Chile email: [email protected] Resumen. Hutton y posteriormente Lyell postulaban una Maria Graham, inglesa temporalmente avecindada en estrecha relación causal entre terremotos y erupciones Chile, fue una productiva escritora y cronista de sus volcánicas, considerándolos manifestaciones alternativas numerosos viajes, notable pintora, dibujante y naturalista, de los procesos de intrusión magmática y expansión a se declaraba ignorante de las teorías geológicas. Sin gran profundidad, agrupados bajo el título general de embargo, su descripción del alzamiento continental como procesos ígneos. consecuencia del terremoto de 1822 que le tocó vivir en Maria Graham, cronista inglesa, describió de manera Quintero, fue considerada de tal importancia que Charles notable el alzamiento continental como consecuencia del Lyell la incluyó en su Principles of Geology (Lyell, 1830) terremoto de 1822 que le tocó vivir en Quintero, siendo y fue la primera mujer en publicar en Transactions of the citada por Lyell y atacada por el presidente de la Geological Society of London. Geological Society of London. Esto aún cuando sus reportes no pretendían reforzar la teoría de Lyell y son El creciente uso por Lyell y otros del argumento de la completamente razonables desde un punto de vista elevación de cadenas de montañas por la intrusión de actual. rocas ígneas en su eje central, gatilla el ataque del Palabras Claves: Maria Graham, Charles Lyell, Charles presidente de la Geological Society of London G. B. Darwin, James Hutton, alzamiento Greenough a Maria Graham. Posteriormente, Charles continental Darwin dio la razón a Graham, pero sin abandonar la idea de la elevación de montañas a través de intrusiones plutónicas. Se requirió otro siglo para abandonar esta Hacia fines del s. XVIII y comienzos del s. XIX, el idea. volcanismo era concebido como una tremenda fuerza capaz de empujar grandes masas de roca y por lo tanto, todas las cadenas montañosas eran consideradas el Referencias resultado de elevación vertical causada por actividad ígnea. Kölbl-Ebert, M. 1999. Observing orogeny – Maria Graham’s Hutton postulaba que las intrusiones ígneas fueron account of the earthquake in Chile in 1822. Geologische llevadas a sus posiciones actuales por el poder de Staatssammlung München, Luisenstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany. tremendous fires, los cuales fueron suficientes para llevar grandes cuerpos de materia fundida hasta las más altas Varela, B. 1997. Notas sobre dos relatos del terremoto de 1822 en cadenas montañosas, como los Andes o los Alpes. Es por Chile: una lectura de género. Doc. Anal. Geogr. 30: 177-187. la fuerza de tales masas intrusivas que el fondo oceánico en muchos lugares se eleva para formar terrenos secos, y Graham, M. 1824. On the reality of the rise of the coast of Chili in por la misma fuerza, en otros lugares son expelidas 1822. The American Journal of Science and Arts, Vol 28, Issue 2: 236-247. cadenas montañosas. Un volcán debe ser considerado como un orificio al horno subterráneo que impide la Silva Parejas, C. 2014. Los aportes y dificultades de las primeras elevación innecesaria del terreno y los efectos fatales de mujeres en geología: Maria Graham (1785-1842) y Etheldred los terremotos. Benett (1776-1845). V Simposio de la Historia de la Geología en Chile. Sociedad Geológica de Chile. 26 septiembre, Universidad de Chile. Lyell (1830) incluyó los movimientos verticales causados por terremotos junto con los fenómenos volcánicos, bajo Lyell, Ch. 1830. Principles of Geology. London: John Murray, el título general de procesos ígneos porque seguía la idea Albemarle Street. huttoniana de que había una estrecha relación causal entre ellos: terremotos y erupciones volcánicas son Dawson Adams, F. 1938. The birth and development of the manifestaciones alternativas de los mismos procesos de geological sciences. The Williams & Wilkins Company. Baltimore, 506 p. intrusión magmática y expansión a gran profundidad. 566.
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