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16 Textiles in Defence* Richard a Scott Defence Clothing and Textiles Agency, Science and Technology Division, Flagstaff Road, Colchester, Essex CO2 7SS, UK
16 Textiles in defence* Richard A Scott Defence Clothing and Textiles Agency, Science and Technology Division, Flagstaff Road, Colchester, Essex CO2 7SS, UK 16.1 Introduction To be prepared for War is one of the most effectual means of preserving Peace (George Washington, 1790)1 Defence forces on land, sea, or air throughout the world are heavily reliant on tech- nical textiles of all types – whether woven, knitted, nonwoven, coated, laminated, or other composite forms. Technical textiles offer invaluable properties for military land forces in particular, who are required to move, live, survive and fight in hostile environments. They have to carry or wear all the necessities for comfort and sur- vival and thus need the most lightweight, compact, durable, and high performance personal clothing and equipment. The life-critical requirements for protecting indi- viduals from both environmental and battlefield threats have ensured that the major nations of the world expend significant resources in developing and providing the most advanced technical textiles for military use. 16.2 Historical background Military textile science is not new, and one of the earliest documented studies can probably be credited to Count Rumford, or Benjamin Thompson. Rumford was an American army colonel and scientist who issued a paper in 1792 entitled ‘Philo- sophical Transactions’, which reported on the importance of internally trapped air in a range of textile fabrics to the thermal insulation provided by those fabrics.2 He was awarded the Copley Medal for his paper, as the significance of his discovery was recognised immediately. * Copyright MOD (1997) DCTA, Colchester, Essex CO2 7SS 426 Handbook of technical textiles 16.2.1 Pre-Twentieth century Up until the end of the 19th century military land battles were fought at close quar- ters by individual engagements. -
Ballistic Materials Handbook
Ballistic materials handbook Aramids by Teijin 2 Aramids by Teijin Handbook ballistic materials 3 Teijin Aramid and ballistic protection The intensity of threatening environments for law enforcement, emergency responders and defense forces around the world is becoming higher and the people operating in these hostile environments need to take greater care than ever. This growing threat of violence has led to an increasing demand for ballistic protection. At Teijin Aramid we are dedicated to providing this protection with our high performance para-aramid fiber Twaron® and UHMWPE Endumax® film. With excellent energy absorption Index properties, tenacity and impact resistance, Twaron® and Endumax® offer effective and comfortable ballistic protection Teijin Aramid and ballistic protection 2 solutions with an outstanding cost-performance ratio. In the Twaron® ballistic yarns 4 more than 30 years that Twaron® has been available on the Twaron® ballistic fabrics 7 market, it has helped to save thousands of lives worldwide. Ballistic laminates & coated fabrics 12 Key applications for Twaron® and Endumax® include bullet/ Uni-directional laminates 17 fragment/stab/spike resistant vests, helmets and ballistic Ballistic prepregs 19 protection of vehicles, aircrafts and vessels. Cross sections 21 Endumax® Shield 22 2 Aramids by Teijin Handbook ballistic materials 3 Soft ballistic protection The threats to modern armies and law enforcement forces have multiplied, creating the need for protection from all kinds of bullets and fragments as well as stabbing with sharp objects. And these days it’s not only soldiers and policemen who are facing increased threats; prison guards, cash carriers and private individuals also need to be protected. -
Annals of the University of Oradea Fascicle of Textiles, Leatherwork Annals of the University of Oradea
ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES, LEATHERWORK ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES, LEATHERWORK VOLUME XII, 2011 No. 1 ISSN 1843 – 813X I ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES, LEATHERWORK ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES, LEATHERWORK VOLUME XII, 2011 No. 1 This volume includes papers presented at International Scientific Conference "Innovative solutions for sustainable development of textiles industry", 27-28 May 2011, Oradea, Romania II ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES, LEATHERWORK EDITOR IN CHIEF Indrie Liliana, University of Oradea, Romania BOARD OF EDITORS Cristiana MARC- University of Oradea, Romania Mariana RAŢIU - University of Oradea, Romania Simona TRIPA- University of Oradea, Romania SCIENTIFIC REFEREES Altan AFŞAR - Turkey Ioan NEAGU - Romania Feliu Marsal AMENOS - Spain Roberto PAIANO – Italy Ionel BARBU - Romania Daniel PALET - Spain Nuno BELINO - Portugal Nicolae Al. POP –Romania Maria Angeles BONET - Spain Georgios PRINIOTAKIS - Greece Lăcrămioara Demetra BORDEIANU -Romania Anca PURCĂREA –Romania Pablo DIAZ GARCIA - Spain Rita SALVADO –Portugal Maria GRAPINI - Romania Emilia VISILEANU- Romania Florentina HARNAGEA - Romania Cristina SILIGARDI –Italy Cornelia IONESCU- LUCA - Romania Mehmet ŞAHİN - Turkey Ioan LUCACIU –Romania Snežana UROŠEVIĆ – Serbia Aura MIHAI - Romania Süleyman YALDIZ- Turkey Stan MITU - Romania Contact and Editors' Address: Liliana INDRIE, UNIVERSITATEA DIN ORADEA, FACULTATEA DE TEXTILE SI PIELARIE, Str. B.St.Delavrancea nr. 4, Oradea, 410058, Romania, Tel.: 00-40-259-408448 E-mail : [email protected] Published by Editura Universităţii din Oradea Universitatea din Oradea, Str. Universităţii Nr. 1, 410087, Oradea, Bihor, Romania ISSN 1843 – 813X Indexed in: Ulrich's Update - Periodicals Directory CNCSIS ACCREDITATION since 2007 "Clasa B" III ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA FASCICLE OF TEXTILES-LEATHERWORK CONTENTS No Paper title Authors Institution Page Faculty of Textile Leather E-COMMERCE AREA FOR R. -
The Manufacture of Paper
/°* '^^^n^ //i,- '^r. c.^" ^'IM^"* *»^ A^ -h^" .0^ V ,<- ^.. A^^ /^-^ " THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BY R. W. SINDALL, F.C.S. CHEMIST CONSULTING TO THE WOOD PULP AND PAPER TRADES ; LECTURER ON PAPER-MAKING FOR THE HERTFORDSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL, THE BUCKS COUNTY COUNCIL, THE PRINTING AND STATIONERY TRADES AT EXETER HALL, 1903-4, THE INSTITUTE OF PRINTERS ; TECHNICAL ADVISER TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, 1905 AUTHOR OF "paper TECHNOLOGY," " THE SAMPLING OF WOOD PULP " JOINT AUTHOR OF " THE C.B.S. UNITS, OR STANDARDS OF PAPER TESTING," " THE APPLICATIONS OF WOOD PULP," ETC. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS, AND A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS RELATING TO CELLULOSE AND PAPER-MAKING ^^RlFFeo^ ^^ ^, 11^ OCT 3 11910 ^^f-40 ^\^c> A BU\ lo\' NEW YORK D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY 23 MURRAY AND 27 WARREN STREETS 1908 By trassf»r trom U. S. Tariff Boarri 1012 /(o'?'<Q / PREFACE •Papee-making, in common with many other industries, is one in which both engineering and chemistry play important parts. Unfortunately the functions of the engineer and chemist are generally regai^dedi •a&n.inelepejident of one another, so that the chemist ife^o^ify e^llfeS-iii-hy the engineer when efforts along the lines of nlecTianical improvement have failed, and vice versa. It is impossible, however, to draw a hard and fast line, and the best results in the art of paper-making are only possible when the manufacturer appreciates the fact that the skill of both is essential to progress and commercial success. In the present elementary text-book it is only proposed to give an outline of the various stages of manufacture and to indicate some of the improvements made during recent years. -
Endumax® – an Ultra-Strong Thin Film with a High Modulus Contents
Endumax® – an ultra-strong thin film with a high modulus Contents What is Endumax? 3 How is Endumax produced? 4 What types of Endumax are available? 6 What can Endumax be used for? 8 Endumax – a unique combination of properties 10 About Teijin Teijin is a technology-driven global group, based in Japan, offering advanced solutions in the areas of sustainable transportation, information and electronics, safety and protection, environment and energy, and healthcare. Its main fields of operation are high-performance fibers (e.g., aramid, carbon fibers and composites), healthcare, films, resin & plastic processing, polyester fibers, product conversion and IT. The group has some 150 companies and around 17,000 employees spread over 20 countries worldwide. Endumax is part of Teijin’s high- performance fibers business, which also produces the aramid fibers Twaron, Technora and Teijinconex. Teijin’s high-performance fibers business is based in Arnhem, The Netherlands. 2 What is Endumax? Endumax film is a new, patented high-performance film developed and made by Teijin. It can be used in a wide variety of products for various market segments – anywhere, in fact, where there is a need for superior strength, safety, light weight or durability. For example, Endumax is used worldwide in applications and markets ranging from ballistic protection (armoring and bulletproof vests), ropes and cables to cargo containers, laminated sails and even loudspeakers. The film shape of Endumax allows for easy processing and seamless integration into the application of the customer. Super-strong and more Weight-for-weight, Endumax is 11 times stronger than steel. But Endumax offers more than incredible strength. -
Comprehensive Rope Catalog
2019-2020 Comprehensive Rope Catalog pelicanrope.com Offering a wide variety of tools and hardware: DURABRITE™ Rigging Hardware YOKE Lifting ProClimb™ Fall Protection / Climbing FEENEY ARCHITECTURAL RAILING DURABRITE™ Stainless Hardware SwageRight™ Tools Uncompromising service for more than 40 years Call Today for a Free Quote! (888) 260 - 7444 Are you a distributor? Contact: [email protected] for details. www.usrigging.com www.usriggingdepot.com Climbing & Rescue Rope 06-11 Static Kernmantle Life Lines Fire & Escape Rope Water Rescue Rope Arborist Climbing Line & Bull Rope Prusik Lines & Accessory Cords of high Industrial, Utility & Marine Rope 12-24 Pelican Rope is an ISO 9001:2015 certified manufacturer performance synthetic and specialty rope products, rope lanyards, slings and custom rope assemblies. For over 40 years our devotion 12 Strand & Krypton Rope Cable Pulling Rope to innovation, quality and customer service has yielded a diverse Double Braid UL Certified product line designed to not only meet or exceed the standards established by the Cordage Institute, the U.S. Military, ASTM and NFPA but more importantly, the expectations of our loyal customers in the commercial, industrial, arborist, fire and Assemblies & Lanyards 25-36 rescue, law enforcement, manufacturing and marine industries. Dependability is our hallmark; exceptional value our everyday Flip Lines standard. Split Tails Lanyards & Runners Vertical Life Lines Dead Eye Slings American Made Matters Anchor & Dock Lines Boom Truck Winch Lines www.pelicanrope.com General Cordage 37-41 Call Us Toll Free: (800) 464-7673 Spun Polyester Corporate Office, Factory & Warehouse: Solid Braid 1600 E. McFadden Avenue, Santa Ana, CA 92705 Hollow Braid 3 Strand Rope Wire Core Rope Rope & Fall Protection Accessories 42-45 Chafe Gear Shrink Tube Rope Accessories Terminations ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED All rope should be inspected before and after every use for any form of damage. -
If You're Providing Energy to Millions of People, You Better Be Sure
If you’re providing energy to millions of people, you better be sure. 2 Cost reduction, reliability and safety The energy industry is taking on a tremendous challenge: Teijin Aramid is your partner for the future. With decades of providing affordable energy to billions of people. At the experience, we work closely with energy leaders, developing same time, we need to decrease the impact of these activities applications that deliver outstanding levels of performance on our planet. At Teijin Aramid, we believe we can make a at all times. Teijin Aramid’s Twaron® and Technora® para- difference by supporting energy companies. Specifically, aramid fibers – with a unique set of properties including our product portfolio offers one of the lightest, strongest, high strength, a high-tensile modulus, and great chemical and most durable materials available. With over 40 years’ resistance – are perfectly suited to take on the challenges of experience enabling the most challenging applications, the energy industry. Twaron® and Technora® empower companies to reach their most ambitious goals, while helping them to lower their Because whether it’s onshore or offshore, you have to be sure environmental impact. that – no matter what happens – your people are safe and your equipment won’t let you down. Teijin Aramid is your partner for the future. With decades of experience, we work closely with energy leaders, developing applications that deliver outstanding levels of performance at all times. Twaron® and Technora® offer: > High strength-to-weight ratio -
Coats® Tre Cerchi Vero™ Coats Tre Cerchi Vero Is a 100% Cotton Thread Made from Premium Quality, Sustainable Raw Materials
tre cerchi vero 100% COTTON Coats® Tre Cerchi Vero™ Coats Tre Cerchi Vero is a 100% cotton thread made from premium quality, sustainable raw materials. Our raw materials are sourced with care for an eco- friendly sewing thread that adds beautiful, lustrous seams to a wide range of products. Developed with long-staple fibres, Tre Cerchi Vero combines the natural look of cotton with high-performance thread. WHY CHOOSE TRE CERCHI VERO? MAIN USES: Tre Cerchi Vero is a top-of-class mercerised cotton sewing thread • Denim available in a selected range of colours for general sewing and • T-shirts available as unbleached for garment dye end-use. • Natural look of cotton thread • Post dye garments • Öko-Tex Standard 100, class I certified • Workwear • Meets Coats restricted substance list • Embroidery and decorative top stitching • Globally available • High quality leather jackets and other • Suitable for vegan requirements products made from leather www.coats.com tre cerchi vero Coats Tre Cerchi Vero PRODUCT RANGE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Strength Elongation % Art / Tkt Tex Ticket Length Ply Acids: Sensitive to mineral acids especially if halogenated cN Min - Max 770C 008 270 8 1500m 9 5640 4 - 15 Alkalis: Swells in caustic mercerising but is not damaged 770C 018 105 18 5000m 3 3050 6 - 11 Generally unaffected by most organic solvents. Generally unaffected by sodium hypochlorite, sodium perborate 770C 024 80 24 5000m 3 1900 4 - 10 Organic solvents: and peroxide bleaches under controlled conditions. There 100% 770C 030 60 30 5000m 3 1800 4 - 12 is -
Fibers and Fabrics; TX335 .A1 U6 NO
KitlQRr Bureau of Standards Reference book' no' to ygjgtv |Oi Admin. Bldg. taken from the library, gmp STATES Ite.WMENT OF COMMERCE PUBLICATION A11ID3 Db3SbD All103063560 Blandford, Josephlne/FIbers and fabrics; TX335 .A1 U6 NO. 1, 1970 C.1 NBS-PUB-R 1 ^TES ‘‘•‘‘'/I'ti'i'.1'1' 1: BBB8 MB A Consumer’s Guide from the Mational Bureau of Standards NBS CIS 1 IIIIShSs Fibers and Fabrics by Josephine M. Blandford and Lois M. Gurel INFORMATION ABOUT NATURAL AND MAN-MADE FIBERS AND FABRICS TO MEET YOUR PARTICULAR NEEDS. NBS CONSUMER INFORMATION SERIES 1 Editor: James E. Payne Issued November 1970 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Maurice H. Stans, Secretary Rocco C. Siciliano, Under Secretary Myron Tribus, Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS A Consumer’s Lewis M. Branscomb, Director GUIDE FROM THE) NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, U.S. DEPARTMENT Washington, D.C. 20402. OF COMMERCE Price 65 cents. NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS APR 1 0 1971 FOREWORD Technology is changing not only the products you buy, but the marketplace as well. Unfortunately, this is not an unmixed blessing. Products are constantly being improved, but designs are complicated, quality is vari¬ able, and good advice is hard to get. Modern stores and merchandising bring you a wide variety of products; but the large number of choices and the lack of dependable infor¬ mation often make shopping a confusing and frustrating experience. A generation ago the merchant was likely to be a friend of the family. -
Sockwear Recommendations for People with Diabetes
Clinical Decision Making Sockwear Recommendations for People With Diabetes Carol B. Feldman, MSN, RN, CDE, and Ellen D. Davis, MS, RN, CDE Case Presentation A.B., a 55-year-old man who had adequate blood glucose control. His monofilament testing confirmed that been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 6 most recent HbA1c was 6.5%. foot sensation was intact. He had easi- months ago, was a new patient in the The skin on his feet was intact, ly palpable pedal pulses and no edema. foot clinic of the Durham VA without redness, and its texture was During routine discussion of foot- Medical Center. At the time of his smooth and soft. His nails were intact care precautions, he asked what kind first visit, he was taking metformin, without signs of onychomycosis. The of socks he should wear to prevent 500 mg twice a day, and maintained shape of his feet was normal, and problems. Discussion Good foot care practices are impor- physicians, podiatrists, staff nurses, Although they expressed concern that tant for people with diabetes. A large and certified diabetes educators socks should be comfortable, they percentage of diabetic patients under- (CDEs) from Duke University Medical were also likely to recommend specific go nontraumatic amputation after Center, the Durham VA Medical fabric types. Most of the nurses diabetic neuropathy renders them Center, and surrounding areas to thought people with diabetes should unable to feel festering foot injuries. explore providers’ sockwear recom- wear cotton or wool socks. But those What’s more, within 3 years of a first mendations and the reasoning behind recommending acrylic fabrics said amputation, up to half of these them. -
Production and Characterization of Cut Resistant Acrylic/Copolyaramid Fibers Via Bicomponent Wet Spinning Stephen Hipp Clemson University, [email protected]
Clemson University TigerPrints All Dissertations Dissertations 12-2015 Production and Characterization of Cut Resistant Acrylic/Copolyaramid Fibers Via Bicomponent Wet Spinning Stephen Hipp Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations Part of the Polymer Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Hipp, Stephen, "Production and Characterization of Cut Resistant Acrylic/Copolyaramid Fibers Via Bicomponent Wet Spinning" (2015). All Dissertations. 1587. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1587 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CUT RESISTANT ACRYLIC/COPOLYARAMID FIBERS VIA BICOMPONENT WET SPINNING A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Polymer and Fiber Science by Stephen James Hipp December 2015 Accepted by: Dr. Philip Brown, Committee Chair Dr. Gary Lickfield Dr. Olin Mefford Dr. Julia Sharp Abstract A composite fiber system consisting of a sheath core bicomponent polymer fiber loaded with hard ceramic particles was developed and characterized for use in cut protective clothing. The core component was comprised of a copolyaramid in order to provide high base cut resistance. An acrylic-copolyaramid polymer blend was used for the sheath component to improve processability and provide potential benefits such as dyeability. Lastly, aluminum oxide particles were incorporated into the fiber core to deflect and deform the cutting edge, further improving cut resistance. A series of designed experiments was used to explore the effects of the wet spinning and heat treatment processes on the structure and properties of the bicomponent fiber. -
Saatibelt Fabrics for Conveyor and Dryer Belts SAATI Group and Its Filtration Applications
SAATIbelt Fabrics for Conveyor and Dryer Belts SAATI Group and its Filtration Applications SAATI is a multinational group with corporate The products are used in a wide range of headquarters situated in northern Italy since different filtration fields such as, automotive, 1935. Today we are a leader in the development, water, healthcare, app consumer electronics, manufacturing and commercialization of advanced food & milling, along with many other industrial technical textiles and chemicals. applications. SAATI specializes in precise woven fabrics and SAATIbelt® fabrics are constructed from chemical technologies used in the fields of technically advanced fibers, which offer the best Filtration, Screen printing, Structural composites in resistance, reliability and life. and Ballistic protection. The development of They are used in an extensive variety of enhanced performance coatings lies at SAATI’s applications, including textile, tannery, ceramics, core. screen-printing, packaging, transportation, SAATI - Filtration specializes in the production lamination and food processing. of technical precision (with monofilament and multifilament yarn) fabrics and components in polyamide, polyester and polypropylene, with special finishing treatments. Focuses on Customer and Innovation Thanks to our direct presence in many countries, At SAATI, we have a real attitude for innovation it is easy for the customers to reach us, wherever and to a continuous research of processes they are located, and our responsiveness is always and materials that make real improvements in prompt. Our staff has a high level of technical production and service. SAATI acts in the market expertise and dedication, always aiming to finding with this attitude, offering sieving and filter the best solution for the customer’s requirements.