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Dispersers and Herbivores : the Positive and Negative Effects of Consumers on Plants
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2003 Dispersers and herbivores : the positive and negative effects of consumers on plants Lindsay K. Amsberry The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Amsberry, Lindsay K., "Dispersers and herbivores : the positive and negative effects of consumers on plants" (2003). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 6684. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6684 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY The University of Montana Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. **Please check "Yes" or "No" and provide signature ** Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission _________ Author's Signature: 1 (] t ^ Date : |2_ _________________ Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's explicit consent. 8/98 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Dispersers and herbivores: The positive and negative effects of consumers on plants Lindsay K. -
Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado
Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Peggy Lyon and Julia Hanson Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 December 2005 Cover: Imperiled (G1 and G2) plants of the San Juan Public Lands, top left to bottom right: Lesquerella pruinosa, Draba graminea, Cryptantha gypsophila, Machaeranthera coloradoensis, Astragalus naturitensis, Physaria pulvinata, Ipomopsis polyantha, Townsendia glabella, Townsendia rothrockii. Executive Summary This survey was a continuation of several years of rare plant survey on San Juan Public Lands. Funding for the project was provided by San Juan National Forest and the San Juan Resource Area of the Bureau of Land Management. Previous rare plant surveys on San Juan Public Lands by CNHP were conducted in conjunction with county wide surveys of La Plata, Archuleta, San Juan and San Miguel counties, with partial funding from Great Outdoors Colorado (GOCO); and in 2004, public lands only in Dolores and Montezuma counties, funded entirely by the San Juan Public Lands. Funding for 2005 was again provided by San Juan Public Lands. The primary emphases for field work in 2005 were: 1. revisit and update information on rare plant occurrences of agency sensitive species in the Colorado Natural Heritage Program (CNHP) database that were last observed prior to 2000, in order to have the most current information available for informing the revision of the Resource Management Plan for the San Juan Public Lands (BLM and San Juan National Forest); 2. -
Ecological Site Description Section L: Ecological Site Characteristics Ecological Site Identification and Concept
Page 1 of 29 United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Ecological Site Description Section l: Ecological Site Characteristics Ecological Site Identification and Concept Site stage: Provisional Provisional: an ESD at the provisional status represents the lowest tier of documentation that is releasable to the public. It contains a grouping of soil units that respond similarly to ecological processes. The ESD contains 1) enough information to distinguish it from similar and associated ecological sites and 2) a draft state and transition model capturing the ecological processes and vegetative states and community phases as they are currently conceptualized. The provisional ESD has undergone both quality control and quality assurance protocols. It is expected that the provisional ESD will continue refinement towards an approved status. Site name: Mountain Pinyon Pinus edulis (twoneedle pinyon) Site type: Rangeland Site ID: R036XY114CO Major land resource area (MLRA): 036-Southwestern Plateaus, Mesas, and Foothills Location Map Mountain Pinyon ecological site is found on dipslopes, mountain slopes and structural benches in MLRA 36 (Southwestern Plateaus Mesas and Foothills). The MLRA 36 is illustrated orange color on the map. The ecological site locations as assigned in soil survey map units are shown in pink color. The site concept was established within the MLRA 36 Foothill/Upland regions. This zone is 12 to 16 inches of precipitation and has a mesic temperature regime. This site has bimodal precipitation that is dominated by Pinyon and Utah Juniper with shrubs and grasses in the understory. Page 2 of 29 Ecological Site Concept Mountain Pinyon ecological site was drafted from the existing Mountain Pinyon Range Site 34B (NRCS, March, 1995). -
Plant Guide for Arrowleaf Balsamroot (Balsamorhiza Sagittata)
Plant Guide native pollinators (Cane, 2011; Ogle and others, 2011b). ARROWLEAF The seeds are eaten by birds and rodents. It is believed that the presence of arrowleaf balsamroot may serve as an BALSAMROOT indicator of good habitat for sage-grouse (Klebenow, 1969). Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. Restoration: Because of its showy flowers and dominance Plant Symbol = BASA3 on the landscape, arrowleaf balsamroot is commonly used in restoration seedings. The species is believed to have Contributed by: USDA NRCS Plant Materials Center, potential for use in oil shale, roadside and mining Aberdeen, Idaho and USDA FS Rocky Mountain restoration practices (Wasser, 1982). Attempts to seed arrowleaf balsamroot outside its natural area of Research Station, Boise, Idaho occurrence have been largely unsuccessful (Stevens and Monsen, 2004). Medicinal: Arrowleaf balsamroot has been found to contain antibacterial compounds (Matsuura and others, 1996), and has been used as an herbal medicine (Chambers and others, 2006). Status Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e.g., threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values). Description General: Sunflower family (Asteraceae). Arrowleaf balsamroot is a long-lived perennial forb native to western North America. The sagittate (arrowhead shaped) leaves are mostly all basal and petiolate, 5 to 45 cm (2 to 18 in) long and 1.5 to 15 cm (0.6 to 6 in) wide. Upper stem leaves are smaller and linear to elliptic. The leaves are silvery white to green. Several flower stems arise from the root crown to a height of 15 to 80 cm (6 to 31 in). -
Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora, Cedar Breaks National
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Cedar Breaks National Monument Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/173 ON THE COVER Peterson’s campion (Silene petersonii), Cedar Breaks National Monument, Utah. Photograph by Walter Fertig. Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Cedar Breaks National Monument Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/173 Author Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting 1117 W. Grand Canyon Dr. Kanab, UT 84741 Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532 February 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientifi c community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifi cally credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. The Natural Resource Technical Report series is used to disseminate the peer-reviewed results of scientifi c studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service’s mission. The reports provide contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. Current examples of such reports include the results of research that addresses natural resource management issues; natural resource inventory and monitoring activities; resource assessment reports; scientifi c literature reviews; and peer- reviewed proceedings of technical workshops, conferences, or symposia. -
A Holistic Approach to Mima Mound Prairie Restoration Kristin R
Eastern Washington University EWU Digital Commons EWU Masters Thesis Collection Student Research and Creative Works 2013 A holistic approach to Mima mound prairie restoration Kristin R. Anicito Eastern Washington University Follow this and additional works at: http://dc.ewu.edu/theses Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Anicito, Kristin R., "A holistic approach to Mima mound prairie restoration" (2013). EWU Masters Thesis Collection. 115. http://dc.ewu.edu/theses/115 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research and Creative Works at EWU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in EWU Masters Thesis Collection by an authorized administrator of EWU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Holistic Approach to Mima mound Prairie Restoration ________________________________________________________________________ A Thesis Presented to Eastern Washington University Cheney, Washington ________________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Master of Science ________________________________________________________________________ By Kristin R. Anicito Fall 2013 Thesis of Kristin Rae Anicito Approved by ______________________________________________ Date_____________ Dr. Rebecca Brown, Graduate study committee chair ______________________________________________ Date_____________ Dr. Robin O’Quinn, Graduate study committee member ______________________________________________ Date_____________ -
DRAFT ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION for the CERISE GULCH
DRAFT ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION for the CERISE GULCH POTENTIAL RESEARCH NATURAL AREA WHITE RIVER NATIONAL FOREST PITKIN AND EAGLE COUNTIES, COLORADO Prepared by Margarette J. Lyon Colorado Natural Heritage Program October, 1995 INTRODUCTION The Cerise Gulch potential Research Natural Area is located approximately sixteen miles southeast of Carbondale, Colorado. It includes about 2,390 acres (967 ha.), consisting of steep mountain slopes of Douglas fir and aspen forest, pinyon-juniper woodlands, and shrublands with Gambel oak, snowberry, serviceberry, and sagebrush. LAND MANAGEMENT PLANNING This document has been prepared by the Colorado Natural Heritage Program through a Challenge Cost- Share Agreement with the White River National Forest to produce Ecological Evaluations of potential Research Natural Areas. These evaluations are intended to aid the National Forest in environmental analysis during revision of their Forest Management Plan. The specific areas and boundaries for evaluation were chosen by the White River National Forest. OBJECTIVES One of the primary objectives of RNAs as listed in the Forest Service Manual (4063.02, USDA Forest Service 1990) is to “preserve a wide spectrum of pristine representative areas that typify important forest, shrubland, grassland, alpine, aquatic, geologic and similar natural situations...” The Cerise Gulch potential RNA would meet this objective by representing a number of plant associations within the Douglas fir, pinyon-juniper and mountain shrub alliances. The area is of particular interest as an example of mountain shrub communities in the Quercus gambelii series. A Cerise Gulch RNA would meet further objectives of the RNA system by (1) protecting elements of biodiversity, (2) serving as a reference area for the study of succession and long-term ecological changes, (3) providing a site for non-manipulative scientific research, and (4) serving as a control area for comparing results of manipulative research and resource management in other areas with similar ecosystem types. -
Plants of Hot Springs Valley and Grover Hot Springs State Park Alpine County, California
Plants of Hot Springs Valley and Grover Hot Springs State Park Alpine County, California Compiled by Tim Messick and Ellen Dean This is a checklist of vascular plants that occur in Hot Springs Valley, including most of Grover Hot Springs State Park, in Alpine County, California. Approximately 310 taxa (distinct species, subspecies, and varieties) have been found in this area. How to Use this List Plants are listed alphabetically, by family, within major groups, according to their scientific names. This is standard practice for plant lists, but isn’t the most user-friendly for people who haven’t made a study of plant taxonomy. Identifying species in some of the larger families (e.g. the Sunflowers, Grasses, and Sedges) can become very technical, requiring examination of many plant characteristics under high magnification. But not to despair—many genera and even species of plants in this list become easy to recognize in the field with only a modest level of study or help from knowledgeable friends. Persistence will be rewarded with wonder at the diversity of plant life around us. Those wishing to pursue plant identification a bit further are encouraged to explore books on plants of the Sierra Nevada, and visit CalPhotos (calphotos.berkeley.edu), the Jepson eFlora (ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora), and CalFlora (www.calflora.org). The California Native Plant Society (www.cnps.org) promotes conservation of plants and their habitats throughout California and is a great resource for learning and for connecting with other native plant enthusiasts. The Nevada Native Plant Society nvnps.org( ) provides a similar focus on native plants of Nevada. -
I INDIVIDUALISTIC and PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVES ON
INDIVIDUALISTIC AND PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVES ON PLANT COMMUNITY PATTERNS Jeffrey E. Ott A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biology Chapel Hill 2010 Approved by: Robert K. Peet Peter S. White Todd J. Vision Aaron Moody Paul S. Manos i ©2010 Jeffrey E. Ott ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Jeffrey E. Ott Individualistic and Phylogenetic Perspectives on Plant Community Patterns (Under the direction of Robert K. Peet) Plant communities have traditionally been viewed as spatially discrete units structured by dominant species, and methods for characterizing community patterns have reflected this perspective. In this dissertation, I adopt an an alternative, individualistic community characterization approach that does not assume discreteness or dominant species importance a priori (Chapter 2). This approach was used to characterize plant community patterns and their relationship with environmental variables at Zion National Park, Utah, providing details and insights that were missed or obscure in previous vegetation characterizations of the area. I also examined community patterns at Zion National Park from a phylogenetic perspective (Chapter 3), under the assumption that species sharing common ancestry should be ecologically similar and hence be co-distributed in predictable ways. I predicted that related species would be aggregated into similar habitats because of phylogenetically-conserved niche affinities, yet segregated into different plots because of competitive interactions. However, I also suspected that these patterns would vary between different lineages and at different levels of the phylogenetic hierarchy (phylogenetic scales). I examined aggregation and segregation in relation to null models for each pair of species within genera and each sister pair of a genus-level vascular plant iii supertree. -
ARROWLEAF BALSAMROOT Balsamorhiza Sagittata (Pursh) Nutt
ARROWLEAF BALSAMROOT Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. Asteraceae – Aster family Corey L. Gucker & Nancy L. Shaw | 2018 ORGANIZATION NOMENCLATURE Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt., hereafter Names, subtaxa, chromosome number(s), hybridization. referred to as arrowleaf balsamroot, belongs to the Artorhiza subgenus (Sharp 1935), Heliantheae tribe, and Engelmaniinae subtribe of the Asteraceae or aster family (Cronquist et al. 1994; Range, habitat, plant associations, elevation, soils. Moore and Bohs 2003; Weber 2006). NRCS Plant Code. BASA3 (USDA NRCS 2017). Synonyms. Balsamorhiza helianthoides (Nutt.) Life form, morphology, distinguishing characteristics, reproduction. Nutt., Espeletia helianthoides Nutt., and E. sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. (Weber 2006). Common Names. Arrowleaf balsamroot, Growth rate, successional status, disturbance ecology, importance to animals/people. breadroot, graydock, spring sunflower (USDA FS 1937; USDA NRCS 2017). Subtaxa. No varieties or subspecies are currently Current or potential uses in restoration. recognized by the Flora of North America (Weber 2006). Chromosome Numbers. Chromosome number is Seed sourcing, wildland seed collection, seed cleaning, storage, 2n = 38 (Weber 2006). testing and marketing standards. Hybridization. Hybridization is common within the Balsamorhiza genus where distributions Recommendations/guidelines for producing seed. overlap, and the genus is described as “notorious for lack of genetic barriers to hybridization” (Welsh et al. 1987). Intermediate forms resulting from hybridization with Hooker’s balsamroot (B. Recommendations/guidelines for producing planting stock. hookeri), Carey’s balsamroot (B. careyana), hoary balsamroot (B. incana), and rosy balsamroot (B. rosea) have been reported (Ownbey and Weber Recommendations/guidelines, wildland restoration successes/ 1943; Welsh et al. 1987; Taylor 1992; Weber 2006), failures. but these may not represent all potential hybrids. Arrowleaf balsamroot does not hybridize with cutleaf balsamroot (B. -
Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 5-2018 Foraging Behavior, Taxonomy, and Morphology of Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) Zachary M. Portman Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Portman, Zachary M., "Foraging Behavior, Taxonomy, and Morphology of Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)" (2018). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 7040. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7040 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FORAGING BEHAVIOR, TAXONOMY, AND MORPHOLOGY OF BEES (HYMENOPTERA: APOIDEA), WITH AN EMPHASIS ON PERDITA (HYMENOPTERA: ANDRENIDAE) by Zachary M. Portman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Ecology Approved: _________________________ _________________________ Carol von Dohlen, Ph.D. Terry Griswold, Ph.D. Major Professor Project Advisor _________________________ _________________________ Nancy Huntly, Ph.D. Karen Kapheim, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member _________________________ _________________________ Luis Gordillo, Ph.D. Mark R. McLellan, Ph.D. Committee Member Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2018 ii Copyright © Zachary M. Portman 2018 All Rights Reserved1 1 Several studies have been published previously and others remain to be submitted to peer-reviewed journals. As such, a disclaimer is necessary. -
Introduction and Objectives
HABITAT CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT AND CONSERVATION STRATEGY THE LEMHI PENSTEMON Penstemon lemhiensis Introduction and Objectives ...................................................................................................... 3 Taxonomy and morphology....................................................................................................... 4 Taxonomy ........................................................................................................................4 General Non-technical Description ............................................................................... 4 Technical Description..................................................................................................... 5 Notes on Morphology, Biogeography, Phylogenetic History and Hybridizations .... 5 Collections....................................................................................................................... 6 Status ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Status ............................................................................................................................... 8 Distribution, Ownership and Population Size .............................................................. 9 Adequacy of Inventory.................................................................................................. 11 Research and Monitoring........................................................................................................