Metal and Rubber Layouts
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NER LIS E GY CONSERVATION SPECIA TS METAL AND RUBBER LAYOUTS International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Allied Workers 9602 M L King Jr. Hwy. Lanham, MD 20706 Phone: (301) 731-9101 Table of Contents Measurements Reducers Segmenting a Baseline in Equal Parts ......... 1 Concentric Reducer .................................. 53 Diameter/Radius/Circumference ............... 2 Concentric Reducer International ............. 55 Ellipse Layout Band/Paper Method............. 3 Eccentric Reducer International................ 57 Miter Measurements ..................................4 Hog Nose. ................................................60 Tees Square To Round Equal Square to Round ...................................... 65 Bisecting ............................................... 7 Square to Round Offset ............................ 67 Trisecting .............................................. 9 Unequal Head Gores Unequal International ..........................11 Tank Head Layout Gores .......................... 71 Unequal Shortcut ................................ 14 Standard Head Gores ............................... 73 Oblong Bonnet ........................................ 15 Swirl Layout Head Gores .......................... 76 Elliptical Quarter Tee ................................ 17 Equal Mono Tee ........................................ 18 Rubber Rubber Reducer (Concentric) ................... 83 Gores Rubber Mono Tee. .................................... 85 90˚ Radial Line Development ................... 21 Rolled Rubber Edge .................................. 87 Elbow Gores with Equation ...................... 23 90 Welded Elbow (Long Radius) ...............89 Elbow Butterfly ........................................ 25 90 Welded Elbow (Short Radius) ..............90 Butterfly 90 Shortcut ............................... 28 Rubber Reducing 90 ................................. 91 Butterfly 90 .............................................. 29 Segmented 90 ......................................... 30 Gore Pattern (Shortcut) ............................ 32 Reducing 90s ........................................... 33 Lateral Y Negative Lateral Y Layout ........................ 39 Lateral Y (Positive) ................................... 41 Unequal Lateral Y and Body .....................43 Rigid Material Lateral Y .............................46 Roof Drains. .............................................47 Pants ......................................................49 Dividing a baseline into equal spac es Dividing a baseline into equal spac es SEGMENTING A BASELINE IN EQUAL PARTS Whatever your circumference is, you take the number of equal spaces you want, and find a number that is greater than the length and divisible by the number of equal spaces you want to achieve. Then put your ruler at an angle with zero at the beginning of your circumference and to the number you came up on the end of your circumference. Now put a mark at each of the multiple amounts. Example: Metal is 30” long and if you want 12 equal spaces. 36” is greater than 30” and divisible by 12, so put your ruler on an angle from 0 – 36. When you divide 36 by 12 you get 3”, so every 3” on your angled ruler put a mark. Now just transfer those marks down to your baseline at 90 degrees. Whatever your circumference is, you take the number of equal spaces you Stepwan 1:t, Draw and baseline find athe nu lengthmbe ofr your tha circumference.t is greater For than this example, the leng our th and divisible by the circumference will be 30 inches. number of equal spaces you want to achieve. Then put your ruler at an Step 2: Draw vertical lines going up at each end of your circumference. angle with zero at the beginning of your circumference and to the number Step 3: Determine the number of segments you want. For this example, we will be doing 12you segments. came Find up a onnumber the that end is larger of you thanr your circu circumferencemferenc ande. Nowdivisible pu byt the a mark at each of number of segments that you need. So, we will be going with 36 (more than 30 and divisiblethe mu bylti 12).ple amounts. Step 4: Place your ruler on a slant, with one end at zero and the other end at 36. Since 12 goesExample into 36 three: Meta times,l is we 30 will” belon markingg and every if you 3 inches wan ont our 12 ruler. equal spaces. 36” is greater Stepthan 5: Make30” andvertical divisible lines going upby from 12 ,your so baseline put you in throughr ruler the on marks an youang made.le from 0 – 36. When you divide 36 by 12 you get 3”, so every 3” on your angled ruler put a mark. Now just transfer those marks down to your baseline at 90 degrees. 1 Three Measurements you’ll need to Know Three Measurements you’ll need to Three Measurements you’ll need to Know Diameter Know Three Measurements you’ll need to (Distance across the center of a circle) Know DIAMETER / CIRCUMFERENCE / RADIUS Radius (Distance from center of circle) Diameter There Diameter are three measurements you’ll need to know: (Distance across the center of a circle) (Distance across the center of a circle) Circumference Diameter Diameter: (Distance across the center of a circle) (Distance around the outside of the circle) (Distance across the center of a circle) Radius Radius Radius (Distance from (Distance center of from circle) center of circle) (Distance from center of circle) Radius: (Distance from center of circle to the outside) Circumference Circumference Circumference (Distance around the outside of the circle) (Distance around the outside of the circle) (Distance around the outside of the circle) Circumference: (Distance around the outside of the circle) NOTES: Radius = ½ the diameter Circumference = diameter X 3.14 (pi) 2 Ellipse layout Band/Paper Method Step 5: Rotating the Band and keeping the center line marks on the Major Axis and Minor axis lines the outer mark will make your Ellipse ELLIPSE LAYOUTEllipse BAND/PAPER layout METHOD Band/Paper Method Example: We’ll be making a 5 ¾ x 3⅛ ellipse 3 1 Example: We’ll be making a 5 /4 x 3 /8 ellipse Step 6: Use a Band or a flexible steel rule to connect your reference points. Step 1: Draw crosshairs a few inches bigger than the Steheightp 1: Draw and Cross width hairs of a your few inches ellipse bigger. than Ellipse 3⅛ the height and width of your Step 2: Mark the width of your ellipse on the horizontal Step 2: Mark the width of your Ellipse on the line and the height of your ellipse on the vertical line. horizontal line, and the height of your Ellipse on 5¾ the vertical line. Step 3: With a band or a piece of paper, mark the distance from the center of your crosshairs to one of Step 3: the outer With amarks band or on a pieceyour of major paper axis.mark the distance from the center of your cross hairs to one of the outer marks on your Major Axis. Step 4: Rotate your band 90°, putting one of your marks on the minor axis point and marking the center point on your band. Step 4: Rotate your band 90° putting one of your marks on the Minor axis point and mark the center point on your band. Step 5: By rotating the band and keeping the center line marks on the major axis and minor axis lines, the outer Ellipse layout mark will make your ellipse. Band/Paper Method Step 6: Use a band or a flexible steel rule to connect your reference points. Step 5: Rotating the Band and keeping the center line marks on the Major Axis and Minor axis lines the outer mark will make your Ellipse Step 6: Use a Band or a flexible steel rule to connect your reference points. 3 Determining How many Miters you’ll need for your Sweep, or Tank Head Step 1: Swing an arc that will represent the insulated portion of the system that you’re making miters for. (i.e. if you have a 36” tank with two inches of insulation swing an arc with a 38” radius or if you’re making miters/gores for a sweep that is 6x1½ with a 42” CLR you’ll swing an arc that is equal to your CLR plus ½ the O.D. of your covering) Step 2: Using a straight edge draw a line that touches a portion of your arc. (Tangent line) Step 3: measure each side of your arc where it pulls away from your tangent and there is only about ⅛” gap. Measure the distance between those two points. (That Determining How many Miters you’ll neeMax distanced fo r is the max measurement you want for your miter) MITER MEASUREMENTS your Sweep, or Tank Head Step 4: Take your max miter distance and divide it by your overall insulated tank circumference or the overall length of your insulated Heel. To get insulated circumference multiply diameter of your insulated tank by Pi. Determining How many Miters you’ll need for To get the overall length of your heel multiply the Step 1: Swing an arc that will represent the radius of the heel (CLR+ ½ O.D.) by 1.57 Step 1: Swing an arc that will represent the insulated your Sweep, or Tainsulatednk H portionead of the system that you’re portion of the system that you’re making miters for. making miters for (i.e., if you have a 36” (i.e. if you have a 36” tank with two inches of insulation tank with two inches of insulation, swing swing an arc with a an arc with a 38”38” radius or if you’re making radius, or if you’re making miters/gores for a sweep that is 6x1miters/gores for a sweep that½ with a 42” CLR is 6x1½ you’ll swing an awith a 42” CLR,rc that is equal to your CLR plu you’ll swing an arc thats ½ the is Step 1:equal to your CLR plus ½ the O.D. of your O.D. of your covering) Swing an arc that will represent the insulated portion of the system that you’re making miters for. covering). (i.e. if you have a 36” tank with two inches of insulation Step 2:Step Using a straight edge draw a line that touches a 2: Using a straight edge, draw a line portion of your arcswing an arc with a that touches. ( a38” radius or if you’re making Tangent line) portion of your arc (tangent miters/gores for a sweep that is 6x1line).