London – Penguin Readers

Penguin Readers Factsheets Level 2 – Elementary London Level 2 – Elementary Teacher’s Notes

London By Vicky Shipton

Stuart London (17th century): Banqueting Hall (Whitehall), Summary The Monument, St Paul’s Cathedral. Victorian London (19th century): Regent Street, Piccadilly London gives us a wide range of interesting facts and details Circus, Trafalgar Square, National Gallery, Houses of Parliament, about the history, people, buildings and cultural activities of Victoria and Albert Museum, Science Museum. one of the world’s most famous cities. This magazine-style Modern London (20th century): Harrod’s, South Bank Arts Penguin Reader begins with a general knowledge test. Then Centre, Dockland, Millennium Dome, Oxo Tower, London Eye. we learn about London’s history: the importance of the River Some important dates in London’s history: Thames and its early development from Roman times to the 1066: William of Normandy is crowned William I eleventh century. Later, there is a brief summary of important of England in Westminster Abbey historical events that have affected London positively or 1176: first stone London Bridge negatively over the last 600 years. We learn about the people 1191: first Mayor of London of London and how the nature of its population is changing, the 1477: William Caxton prints the first book importance of its theatres and museums and about some of 1599: The Globe Theatre is built in Southwark the famous people who have made London their home. There 1605: The Gunpowder Plot – Guy Fawkes is arrested are also chapters on shopping and famous landmarks. 1637: Hyde Park opens to the public Dotted throughout the book are fascinating pieces of 1649: King Charles I is executed. England becomes miscellaneous information about London, ranging from facts a Republic under Oliver Cromwell until 1660 about the Cockneys to the origins of the London Underground 1665: The Great Plague map. This book will be of great interest not only to students 1666: The Great Fire of English who are staying in London, but to all visitors to the 1829: The Metropolitan Police is founded city, no matter how short the stay. However well you think you 1834: The Houses of Parliament burn down already know London, you are sure to find something in this 1836: first railway in London (London Bridge book that will surprise, fascinate or delight you. – Greenwich) 1863: first underground railway (Paddington – Farringdon Road) Background and themes 1904: first motor bus service 1905: Harrod’s opens in Knightsbridge 1906: first underground electric train London’s origins: Before 43 ad, there was no London. The 1907: Selfridge’s opens in Oxford Street River Thames flowed through marshland and mosquitoes 1915: first zeppelin bombs fall on London in World War I were the main inhabitants of the site where London now 1940: a third of the city is destroyed by bombs stands. The Romans built the first bridge across the in World War II Thames in 43 ad. This bridge proved a convenient central 1946: Heathrow Airport opens for commercial flights point for a new network of roads and a trading settlement 1956: the first double-decker London bus developed on the north side of the river, which the Romans (the Routemaster) called Londinium. The first ‘London’ only lasted for 18 years. 1972-82: the Thames Barrier is built across the Boudica, queen of the Iceni tribe, led a rebellion against the Thames to control flooding Romans and burnt Londinium to the ground. But the city was 2005: the Routemaster bus makes its last commercial quickly rebuilt, and the history of London had begun. journey along Oxford Street Historical London Today: In the hundred years after the The people of London: A city is not just about its buildings Romans arrived, London grew. It soon possessed the largest and historical dates. The character and atmosphere of a city town hall anywhere in Europe west of the Alps. Gracechurch depend on its people. From a population of only 18,000 700 Street, in the City of London, runs through the middle of the years ago, London now has over 7 million inhabitants. The old Roman town hall and market place. The first ‘London biggest increase occurred in the nineteenth century as a Bridge’ (43 ad) has only recently been excavated. It was result of the Industrial Revolution, when the population rose found only yards away from the modern London Bridge. from 1 million to over 6 million in a hundred years! Another There are buildings and landmarks all over London which interesting aspect of London is its rich mix of cultures and survive from its many different periods of history: nationalities. This is reflected in its many different events and Roman London: Traces of the original Roman wall (200 ad) festivals (The Notting Hill Carnival at the end of August, for can still be seen in a few places. example) and its heady variety of restaurants and shops Medieval London (11th – 15th century): Guildhall, the Tower (Chinatown, near Leicester Square). There have of London, Westminster Abbey, Westminster Hall (in the been several defining moments in the changing Houses of Parliament). nature of London’s population, some of which Tudor London (15th – early 17th century): Unfortunately, most include: Tudor buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666.

© Pearson Education Limited 2006 Level 2 – Elementary London pictures to put on four What are the biggest shops in your capital city? Do What are What would they like about living in London? What Does your country have a king/queen or a you like shopping there? Why/why not? you like shopping there? return to Museum British the want people Greek The Museum British The Parthenon. the from stones the Why? right? is Who London. in them keep to wants of the bus and the taxi on page Look at the picture now very they 20. They are old-fashioned. Should be modernised? Why/why not? London. into drive to tax special a pay to have Cars city? a in problems traffic solve to way good a this Is ways? better any of think you Can would be the worst thing about living in London? for visitors? How could London be improved president? Which is better, do you think? Which is better, president? countries live in many different People from any cities in your countryLondon. Do you have like about having so the good things this? What are What are nationalities in one city? many different the problems? 2012. in London to coming are Games Olympic The not? Why/why this? about happy Londoners Are What was the best time to live in London? What was the worst? Why? questions. (a) questions What 22–23. pages on people the of one with would you like to ask them? these questions. (a) of London. They must choose their postcard. What are they? class their of Why rest have the tells pair they each chosen Finally, things? those about their postcard. would like to visit. Put students into pairs, and ask them to plan a day out in London They together. must agree places. on the same three questions. (a) party in London things to about their different celebrate of kind What be? there will of music kind What countries. children for / games / decorations why / clothes / shops food class the of rest the to reasons gives group Each etc? from Students others. the than better be would party their the other not? groups ask are them about things questions their plans. which idea, good a are things Which (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) interview an prepare to them Ask pairs. into students Put Put students into small groups. Ask them to plan a street a to plan them Ask street groups. small into students Put Put students into small groups to discuss these Put students into small groups. Ask them to discuss Put students into pairs. Ask them to plan a postcard Students choose three places from pages 8–15 that they they that 8–15 pages from places three choose Students Put students into small groups to discuss these

Word list Word 3 2 1 1 2 1 2

found on page 29 of the They Reader. are practised in the ‘Before you read’ sections at the Study Active Longman the back in those on based are definitions of the book. (The Dictionary.) Published and distributed by Pearson Education Factsheet written by Chris Rice Factsheet series developed by Louise James ACTIVITIES AFTER READING THE BOOK It will be useful for your students to know the new words Pages 8–15 Pages 16–24 things they think of when they on the board. Ask students to five London You are Queen Boudica. You think that the that think You Boudica. Queen are You Romans should leave London. Say why. think that the You a Roman officer. are You Romans should stay in London. Say why. © Pearson Education Limited 2006 make sense and correct any mistakes. When everyone doing After pair. another with tests swap they finished, is the test, they return their answers to the other pair correction. for The two pairs can discuss answers afterwards. questions and conversation. Student A: their ‘partner’. ‘partner’. their question test similar to the one on page 1. They should are they While 2–7. pages informationfrom different use questions their that check should they tests, their making The The River Thames, St Downing Abbey, Street, The Houses Paul’s of Parliament, The Cathedral, Westminster Hampton Park, Hyde Station, Waterloo of London, Tower Court. (If you have more students, add more words of your own : Covent Portobello Queen Garden, Elizabeth, Road, Wembley Stadium, Heathrow Airport etc.) Give each student one card/piece of Ask paper. students to found have they until class the around walk and up stand Write Write the word write down the first see that word. Then put students into pairs. Have they thought of the same five things? Discuss the lists with of the class. the rest Piccadilly card): each on phrase the (half paper of piece Big Palace, Square, Ben, Leicester Buckingham Circus, Student B: Put students into pairs and ask them to make a five- Put students into pairs. Ask them to have this imaginary Before Before the lesson, write these words on a small card or Teacher’s Notes Teacher’s

in Notting Hill (Caribbean), Soho (Hong Kong Chinese), Southall (Sikhs) and Finsbury (Cypriots). Entertainment and sports: London is one of the world’s 1848: As a result of the Irish potato famine, over 100,000 impoverished Irish settled in London. At one fleeing population. time, of London’s made up 20 per cent London, they to emigrated Jews of numbers Large 1930s: in persecution Europe. Most of them settled in the West End. 1946 onwards: There countries of the old British Empire, settling, for was example, heavy immigration from Communicative activites Communicative 2 1 2 1

ACTIVITIES AFTER READING A SECTION Pages 1–7

of text as the exercises at supplement those exercises. the For supplementary back exercises photocopiable the of see book, the the of sections shorter covering Reader, and Student’s Activities pages of primarily for use with class Readers but, this with the exception Factsheet. These of discussion are and pair/group work questions, can also be centre. used by students working alone in a self-access ACTIVITIES BEFORE READING THE BOOK going on in the field of sports, with a massive new football stadium being built at Wembley, and the prospect Olympic Games coming to London in 2012. of the activities cover the same sections The following teacher-led great cultural centres, with many world-famous theatres (The (The theatres world-famous many with centres, cultural great Old Vic, the National, Drury Lane, Haymarket), art galleries (the the Tate, National the Modern),Gallery, Tate museums and concert venues (The Royal Albert Hall, the Barbican, Earl’s Court Arena). There is a great deal of development Penguin Readers Factsheets Readers Penguin Penguin Readers Factsheets Level 2 – Elementary London Photocopiable Level 2 – Elementary Student’s Activities

London By Vicky Shipton

These activities can be done alone or with one or more other (i) Andrew Lloyd Webber the music students. for Cats. (j) Londoners Shakespeare’s plays ACTIVITIES BEFORE READING THE BOOK at the Globe Theatre. 1 Read the Introduction. Then answer these questions. Pages 8–15 Write the answers in words. (a) How many people in London were not born there? 1 Are these sentences right (✓) or wrong (✗)? (b) How many languages can you hear on the streets (a) Henry VIII lived in Buckingham Palace. of London? (b) There are more people in London now than 100 (c) How many people live in London? years ago. (c) Kensington is a rich area of London. 2 Look at the Word list at the back of the book. Then look (d) Guy Fawkes wanted James I to be King of at the pictures in the book. In which pictures can you England. see … (e) In 1650, England had no king or queen. (a) a queen. (f) Christopher Wren built St Paul’s Cathedral after the (b) an abbey. Great Fire. (c) a palace. (g) Victoria was the first British Queen. (d) shops in a war. (h) Canada Tower is taller than the London Eye. (e) a tower. (i) You can eat at the top of the Telecom Tower. (f) a museum. (j) Big Ben is the name of a bell. ACTIVITIES WHILE READING THE BOOK 2 Which part of London are these sentences about? Write Pages 1–7 East (E) or West (W) or South-West (SW). (a) You can see Henry VIII’s old palace there. 1 When did these things happen? Number them 1–8 and (b) Many rich people live there. write the year. (c) In the 1880s poor people lived there. (a) Tower Bridge (d) The government built tall buildings there after (b) Julius Caesar arrived in Britain. World War II. (c) Shakespeare was born. (e) Cockneys are born there. (d) London Bridge fell down. (f) People from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh live (e) thick city walls there. (f) The Mousetrap started in the West End. (g) You can see a big street party there every

August. (g) The Romans left Britain. (h) the first Westminster Abbey 3 Where … (a) can you find the treasures of many kings and 2 Change these words into the Past. Put them in the right queens? places. (b) did Henry VIII send Thomas Wolsey? (c) could Londoners go for the first time in the 1600s? build destroy fall fight give say see (d) does Elizabeth II live? stand take write (e) was Queen Victoria born? (a) Caesar ‘Veni, vidi, vici’. (f) is the most expensive house in London? (b) The first London bridge for 622 (g) is Chinatown? years. (h) did more than 6 million people visit in 1851? (c) The Romans the new town the (i) is there a red light for aeroplanes? name Londinium. (j) can you see a lot of birds? (d) Boudica the Romans. (e) A great fire most of Londinium. (f) The Vikings London in 1013. (g) The Vikings into the river. (h) Edward I the first Westminster Abbey.

Pages 16–24 ACTIVITIES AFTER READING THE BOOK 1 What is the right answer? 1 Put students into pairs. Ask them to have this (a) Liberty is famous for its … conversation. (1) fruit and vegetables Student A: You are a businessman. You want to build (2) televisions and radios a big hotel in the middle of Hyde Park. (3) clothes Say why this is a good idea for London. Student B: You do not think a hotel in Hyde Park is a (b) You can watch street theatre in … good idea. Say why. (1) Portobello Road (2) Covent Garden 2 You are a Londoner in 1941. Write about your day. (3) Knightsbridge 3 Write about the capital city of your country for a (c) The … Museum was the first museum in the world. student magazine. Write about: famous buildings, (1) Victoria and Albert shops, theatres and museums, famous people and (2) British travelling in the city. (3) London (d) Henry Beck was a … (1) writer (2) sportsman (3) map-maker (e) There are no cars or buses on … Bridge (1) the Millennium (2) Tower (3) London (f) J M Barrie wrote … (1) Mary Poppins (2) White Teeth (3) Peter Pan (g) Students come to London every year to watch fast … (1) cars (2) horses (3) boats 2 Look at these answers. What are the questions? (a) 40,000 (b) 11,000 (c) 6 million (d) five (e) 21,000 (f) 2.5 million (g) 1949 (h) 1,700

© Pearson Education Limited 2006 Published and distributed by Pearson Education Factsheet written by Chris Rice Factsheet series developed by Louise James Penguin Readers Answer Key Level 2 – Elementary London Level 2 – Elementary London

Answers to Book Activities Answers to Factsheet Activities 1–2 Open answers Communicative Activities 12– 3 (a) 8 1 Open answers (b) 8 2 Piccadilly Circus, Buckingham (c) 8 Palace, Big Ben, Leicester Square, (d) 8 The River Thames, St Paul’s (e) 8 Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, (f) 4 Downing Street, The Houses of (g) 8 Parliament, The Tower of London, (h) 8 Waterloo Station, Hyde Park, (i) 4 Hampton Court (j) 4 Student’s Activities 12– 4 (a) 34 (b) 55 bc ACTIVITIES BEFORE READING THE BOOK (c) 410 ad 3 (a) the Tower of London (d) She was angry with the Romans. 1 (a) more than twenty-five per cent (b) to prison (e) King Henry III (b) two hundred and fifty (c) Hyde Park and St James’s Park (f) James Burbage (c) more than seven million (d) Buckingham Palace (e) Kensington Palace 5–6 Open answers 2 (a) pages 4, 9 (b) page 6 (f) near Kensington 12– 7 (a) Anne Boleyn, Catherine Howard (c) page 9 (g) the Soho area (b) Thomas Wolsey (d) page 13 (h) the great show at Crystal Palace (c) Queen Elizabeth II (e) pages 6, 15, 19 (i) Canada Tower (d) Queen Victoria (f) page 19 (j) Trafalgar Square (e) Cockneys Pages 16–24 (f) Guy Fawkes and his friends ACTIVITIES WHILE READING THE BOOK (g) Christopher Wren Pages 1–7 1 (a) clothes (h) Prince Albert (b) Covent Garden (i) Napoleon 1 (a) 7 – 1894 (c) British (b) 1 – 55 bc (d) map-maker 8–9 Open answers (c) 6 – 1564 (e) the Millennium 12–10 (a) a famous shop (d) 4 – 1013 (f) Peter Pan (b) underground trains (e) 2 – 200 ad (g) boats (f) 8 – 1952 (c) a famous writer 2 (a) How many shops are (there) in (d) a children’s book (g) 3 – 410 ad (h) 5 – 1050 London? (e) a famous place to play tennis (b) How many eating places are (f) a football club 2 (a) said (there) in London? 12–11 (a) 1707 (b) stood (c) How many visitors/people go to (b) 1905 (c) gave the British Museum every year? (c) 1759 (d) fought OR (d) 1984 (e) destroyed How many visitors/people does (e) 1897 (f) took the British Museum have every (f) 1863 (g) fell year? (g) 1817 (h) built (d) How many airports does London (h) 1891 (i) wrote have? (j) saw (e) How many black-taxi drivers are 12–19 Open answers Pages 8–15 there? (f) How many people use the 1 (a) 8 Underground every day? (b) 8 (g) When was Martin Amis born? (c) 4 (h) How many parks are (there) in (d) 8 London? (e) 4 (f) 4 ACTIVITIES AFTER READING THE BOOK (g) 8 1–3 Open answers (h) 4 (i) 8 (j) 4 2 (a) SW (b) W (c) E (d) E (e) E (f) E (g) W