Aging & Society
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The Health and Life Expectancy of Older Blacks and Hispanics in the United States
Today’s Research on Aging P r o g r a m a n d P o l i c y i m P l i c a t i o n s Issue 28, June 2013 The Health and Life Expectancy of Older Blacks and Hispanics in the United States Despite advances in health care and increases in income over Yet while older blacks have lower life expectancies than the past 50 years, significant gaps in life expectancy and health older whites, Hispanics actually are expected to live longer— by race and ethnicity persist among older Americans. This again, both at birth and at older ages. At age 65, for newsletter highlights recent work by National Institute on example, Latino males can expect to live, on average, an Aging (NIA)-supported researchers and others who examined additional 18.8 years, while Latina women have a life life expectancy and health trends among older blacks and expectancy of an additional 22 years—almost two years Hispanics. By 2030, the U.S. elderly population is expected to more than 65-year-old white females. Similar differences become more racially and ethnically diverse than it is today can be found at age 75 for both men and women. (See (see Box 1, page 2). Understanding their differences in health Box 2, page 3, for a discussion of factors influencing life and addressing disparities are critically important to improving expectancy among Hispanics.) the nation’s overall health and well-being. Hispanics have longer life expectancies than Life Expectancy non-Hispanic whites or blacks. -
"Anti-Aging Medicine" and "Successful Aging" Two Sides of the Same Coin? Views of Anti-Aging Practitioners
Flail. M.A., Seuerslen. R. A. Jr. , Ponsaran. R., & Fis hman. J.R. (20 1] ). Are ··:mt i-aging medicine'' and ··successful aging'' IWO sides of I he same coin ? Views of an ti-aging practitioners. Jmmwls or Geromolog y, Series 8: Psychological Scie11ces and Social Sciences. 68(6 ). 944--95 5. do i: 10.1093/geronb/gbt086. Ad va nce Access publicati on Septembe r 10. 20 13 Are "Anti-Aging Medicine" and "Successful Aging" Two Sides of the Same Coin? Views of Anti-Aging Practitioners Michael A. Flatt, 1 Richard A. Settersten Jr., 2 Roselle Ponsaran, 1 and Jennifer R. Fishman' 'Department of Bioethics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. 2Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. 3Biomedical Ethics Unit and the Department of the Social Studies of Medicine, McGill University, Quebec, Canada. Objectives. This article analyzes data from interviews with anti-aging practitioners to evaluate how their descriptions of the work they do, their definitions of aging, and their goals for their patients intersect with gerontological views of "successful aging." Method. Semistructured interviews were conducted with a sample of 3 I anti-aging practitioners drawn from the direc tory of the American Academy for Anti-Aging Medicine. Results. Qualitative analysis of the transcripts demonstrate that practitioners' descriptions of their goals, intentionall y or unintentionally, mimic the dominant models of "successful aging." These include lowered ri sk of disease and di sabil ity, maintenance of high levels of mental and physical function. and continuing social engagement. Yet, the means and modes of achieving·these goals differ markedly between the two groups, as do the messages that each group puts fo rth in defending their position s. -
Supercentenarians Landscape Overview
Supercentenarians Landscape Overview Top-100 Living Top-100 Longest-Lived Top-25 Socially and Professionally Active Executive and Infographic Summary GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH GROUP www.aginganalytics.com www.grg.org Supercentenarians Landscape Overview Foreword 3 Top-100 Living Supercentenarians Overview 44 Preface. How Long Can Humans Live and 4 Ages of Oldest Living Supercentenarians by Country 46 the Importance of Age Validation Top-100 Living Supercentenarians Continental Executive Summary 10 47 Distribution by Gender Introduction. 26 Top-100 Living Supercentenarians Distribution by Age 50 All Validated Supercentenarians Сhapter III. Top-25 Socially and Professionally Active All Supercentenarians Region Distribution by Gender 29 52 Living Centenarians Top-25 Socially and Professionally Active Centenarians All Supercentenarians Distribution by Nations 30 53 Overview Top-25 Socially and Professionally Active Centenarians Longest-Lived Supercentenarians Distribution by Country 31 54 Distribution by Nation Top-25 Socially and Professionally Active Centenarians All Supercentenarians Distribution by Gender and Age 32 55 Gender Distribution Top-25 Socially and Professionally Active Centenarians Сhapter I. Top-100 Longest-Lived Supercentenarians 35 56 Distribution by Type of Activity Chapter IV. Profiles of Top-100 Longest-Lived Top-100 Longest-Lived Supercentenarians Overview 36 57 Supercentenarians Top-100 Longest-Lived Supercentenarians Regional 38 Chapter V. Profiles of Top-100 Living Supercentenarians 158 Distribution by Gender Top-100 Longest-Lived Supercentenarians Distribution by Chapter VI. Profiles of Top-25 Socially and Professionally 40 259 Age Active Living Centenarians and Nonagenarians Сhapter II. Top-100 Living Supercentenarians 43 Disclaimer 285 Executive Summary There have always been human beings who have lived well beyond normal life expectancy, these ‘supercentenarians’ who lived past 110 years of age. -
Gerontology (GERO) 1
Gerontology (GERO) 1 GERO 3775 Dementia 3 s.h. GERONTOLOGY (GERO) The understanding of the nature, causes, symptoms, and social consequences of dementia. Attention to the status of aging, caregiving, and to the status of GERO 1501 Introduction to Gerontology 3 s.h. those who suffer from dementia in contemporary society. Basic introduction to the interdisciplinary study of aging. Includes social, Prereq.: GERO 1501 or SOC 1500. psychological, economic, cultural, health, and policy issues. Discussion of GERO 3790 Aging in Cross-Cultural Perspective 3 s.h. normal vs. abnormal (disease-related) aspects of aging. Examines the phenomenon of aging from cross-cultural perspectives with Gen Ed: Social Science. an emphasis on cultural evolution and it's impact upon the status, roles and GERO 3703 Aging and Society 3 s.h. cultural values associated with aging and the aged. Listed also as SOC 3790 An interdisciplinary introduction to studies in aging. Examines the impact of and ANTH 3790. population aging and its effect on society at large. Also examines individual Prereq.: GERO 1501 or ANTH 1500, or SOC 1500. aging processes and social significance of aging. Listed also as SOC 3703. GERO 4801 Later Life Issues 3 s.h. Prereq.: SOC 1500 or GERO 1501. The course is designed as an advanced course in the issues of later life and Gen Ed: Social Science, Well Being, Social and Personal Awareness. long term care services and supports. Cross-Listed: SOC 4801. GERO 3745 Sociology of Health, Illness, and Healthcare 3 s.h. Prereq.: GERO 3703 OR SOC 3703. Social attitudes toward illness. -
Forkhead Transcription Factors and Ageing
Oncogene (2008) 27, 2351–2363 & 2008 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0950-9232/08 $30.00 www.nature.com/onc REVIEW Forkhead transcription factors and ageing L Partridge1 and JC Bru¨ ning2 1Institute of Healthy Ageing, GEE, London, UK; 2Department of Mouse Genetics and Metabolism, Institute for Genetics University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Mutations in single genes and environmental interventions Forkhead transcription factors are turning out to play can extend healthy lifespan in laboratory model organi- a key role in invertebrate models ofextension ofhealthy sms. Some of the mechanisms involved show evolutionary lifespan by single-gene mutations, and evidence is conservation, opening the way to using simpler inverte- mounting for their importance in mammals. Forkheads brates to understand human ageing. Forkhead transcrip- can also play a role in extension oflifespanby dietary tion factors have been found to play a key role in lifespan restriction, an environmental intervention that also extension by alterations in the insulin/IGF pathway and extends lifespan in diverse organisms (Kennedy et al., by dietary restriction. Interventions that extend lifespan 2007). Here, we discuss these findings and their have also been found to delay or ameliorate the impact of implications. The forkhead family of transcription ageing-related pathology and disease, including cancer. factors is characterized by a type of DNA-binding Understanding the mode of action of forkheads in this domain known as the forkhead box (FOX) (Weigel and context will illuminate the mechanisms by which ageing Jackle, 1990). They are also called winged helix acts as a risk factor for ageing-related disease, and could transcription factors because of the crystal structure lead to the development of a broad-spectrum, preventative ofthe FOX, ofwhich the forkheadscontain a medicine for the diseases of ageing. -
World Population Ageing 2019
World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights ST/ESA/SER.A/430 Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights United Nations New York, 2019 The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs provides the international community with timely and accessible population data and analysis of population trends and development outcomes for all countries and areas of the world. To this end, the Division undertakes regular studies of population size and characteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). Founded in 1946, the Population Division provides substantive support on population and development issues to the United Nations General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Commission on Population and Development. It also leads or participates in various interagency coordination mechanisms of the United Nations system. -
Longevity and Life Expectancy
LONGEVITY AND LIFE EXPECTANCY Cesare Marchetti International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg, Austria RR-97-11 September 1997 Reprinted from Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Volume 55, Number 3, July 1997. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria Tel: +43 2236 807 Fax: +43 2236 73148 E-mail: [email protected] Reseai·ch R e poi-ts , which record research conducted a.t ILA.SA , a.re independently reviewed before publication. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its Na.tiona.l Member Orga.niza.tions, or other orga.niza.tions supporting the work. Reprinted with permission from Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Volume 55, Number 3, July 1997. Copyright @1997, Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. No pa.rt. of this publica.tion ma.y be reproduced or transmitted in a.ny form or by a.ny means, electronic or mecha.nica.l, including photocopy, recording, or a.ny information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. NORTH-HOLLAND Longevity and Life Expectancy CESARE MARCHETTI ABSTRACT The increase in life expectancy at all ages during the last two centuries is in need of a quantitative model capable of resuming the whole process under a single concept and simple mathematics. The basic hypothesis was that through improved hygiene, medicine, and life-style, the stumbling blocks to the full expression of longevity were progressively removed. The mathematics of learning processes was then applied to the secular evolution of life expectancy at various ages. The hypothesis proved very fertile. -
Addressing the Value of Gene Therapy and Enhancing Patient Access to Transformative Treatments
Position Statement Addressing the Value of Gene Therapy and Enhancing Patient Access to Transformative Treatments Rachel Salzman,1,7 Francesca Cook,2,7 Timothy Hunt,3,7 Harry L. Malech,4,7 Philip Reilly,5,7 Betsy Foss-Campbell,6 and David Barrett6 1ALD Connect, Middleton, MA, USA; 2REGENXBIO Inc., Rockville, MD, USA; 3Editas Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA; 4Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; 5Third Rock Ventures, Boston, MA, USA; 6American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy, Milwaukee, WI, USA; 7American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy, Value Initiative Workgroup, Milwaukee, WI, USA Although high upfront costs for the high value of gene therapy today versus paying repeatedly for treatments that may be taken at have resulted in concerns about sufficient reimbursement to regular intervals for months, years, decades, or even a lifetime. But as- allow patient access to these therapies, the significant benefits signing value to gene therapies and comparing them with potentially of gene therapies will not be realized unless patients have access lifelong illness is not an easy or straightforward task. Despite the to them. Stakeholders are discussing these issues, and the complexity, this paper identifies unique and relevant aspects that payment models being developed for the newly approved should be considered when assessing the value of gene therapy. gene therapies provide an early indication of the flexibility A related important discussion is how the costs of these treatments that will be needed from treatment manufacturers, payers, could be reduced, and whether the cost of gene therapy products and policy makers to optimize patient access. -
1 CURRICULUM VITAE: Robert B. Hudson Boston University School Of
CURRICULUM VITAE: Robert B. Hudson Boston University School of Social Work 264 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215 Tele: (617) 353-3759 e-mail: [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; May, 1972 Political Science B.A. Washington and Lee University; June, 1966 EMPLOYMENT Professor of Social Welfare Policy School of Social Work Boston University (1985-Present) Acting Director, SOC/SSW Doctoral Program, 2010 Acting Associate Dean for Academic Affairs (1995-96) Chair, Department of Social Welfare Policy (1988-2014) Associate Professor of Social Policy Graduate School of Social Service Fordham University (1981-1985) Assistant Professor of Politics & Social Welfare Florence Heller Graduate School Brandeis University (1972-1981) AWARDS AND HONORS Visiting Professor, University of Melbourne, 2006. Boston University School of Social Work, Award in Teaching Excellence, 2002-03 Chair, John A. Heinz Dissertation Award Committee, National Academy of Social Insurance, 1999-2010. AWARDS AND HONORS (cont’d.) 1 Donald P. Kent Award, Gerontological Society of America, 1996 Fellow, Employee Benefit Research Institute, 1996 Arthur S. Flemming Award, National Association of State Units on Aging, 1995 Member, Board of Directors, National Academy on an Aging Society, 1995-. Elected Member, National Academy of Social Insurance, 1994 Board of Directors, American Society on Aging, 1990-1993 Chair, Social Research, Planning and Practice Section, Gerontological Society of America, 1988. Fellow, Gerontological Society of America, 1977 Research Career Development Award, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 1977-82 Dissertation Research Grant, National Science Foundation, 1970 PUBLICATIONS Hudson, R.B. Forthcoming. Aging politics and policy in the United States. -
Causes of Improving Health and Longevity at Older Ages: a Review of the Explanations
GENUS, LXI (No. 1), 21-38 DORA L. COSTA Causes of improving health and longevity at older ages: a review of the explanations 1. TRENDS IN ELDERLY HEALTH AND LONGEVITY Life expectancy at older ages rose very slowly at the beginning of the twentieth century and then accelerated sharply toward the end of the century. Between 1970 and the end of the twentieth century life expectancy at age 65 increased by 4 years in Sweden and France and by 3 years in England and Wales and in the United States. In contrast, between 1900 and 1960 life expectancy at age 65 rose by only 2 years in Sweden and France and by one and a half years in England and Wales. National data are unavailable for the United States for this period but at most the increase in life expectancy was two and a half years and was probably considerably less. The life expectancy pattern at age 85 is even more striking. Life expectancy at age 85 rose by almost 2 years in all four countries between 1960 and the end of the twentieth century after having risen by only about 1 year between 1900 and 19601. On the whole population aging has been accompanied by declines in disability at older ages (see the review by Freedman, Martin, and Schoeni, 2002). Manton, Corder, and Stallard (1997) find that between 1982 and 1989 disability among those older than 64 declined by 1.1 percent per year and between 1989 and 1994 by 1.5 percent per year. In exactly comparable data for 1994 and 1999 disability declined by 2.1 percent per year (Manton and Gu, 2001), suggesting that improvements in elderly health have been accelerating. -
2017 Focus on Faculty Publication
FOCUS ON FACULTY 2017 MESSAGE FROM THE INTERIM PRESIDENT It is my great pleasure to recognize and celebrate the scholarship, teaching, service and overall excellence of our faculty at Bellarmine University. I am profoundly grateful for our faculty’s devotion to classroom instruction that challenges students, and for their support in helping our students to meet those challenges. This volume, however, demonstrates the considerable time, imagination and energy that our faculty give to pursuits beyond the class- room—researching, publishing, creating works of art, leading study-abroad courses and service-learning trips, and providing expertise in the community. These and other accomplishments have allowed Bellarmine University to become a private institution of significant stature—the premier Catholic uni- versity in the South and the leading private institution in the Commonwealth and region. We are proud to showcase our faculty in this publication, which is organized around these goals of Bellarmine’s Strategic Plan: • Celebrate our Catholic identity in the inclusive Merton spirit as the founda- tion of our commitment to student fulfillment, global consciousness and environmental sustainability; • Establish and sustain a climate of excellence throughout the university; • Integrate an international focus and sensibility into all curricular and co-curricular programs; and • Enhance our reputation, expand our market and dramatically grow our enrollment. Achievements listed here represent work that was completed from the fall of 2015 through the end of calendar 2016. They vividly illustrate how Bellar- mine’s excellent faculty bring our mission to life—by educating talented, diverse students of many faiths, ages, nations, and cultures, and also through their scholarship and service. -
A Historical Perspective of Research on the Biology of Aging from Nathan W
Experimental Gerontology, Vol. 27, pp. 261-273, 1992 0531-5565/92 $5.00 + .00 Printed in the USA. All rights reserved. Copyright© 1992 Pergamon Press Ltd. Point of View A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF RESEARCH ON THE BIOLOGY OF AGING FROM NATHAN W. SHOCK GEORGE T. BAKER, liP* and W. ANDREW ACHENBAUM 2 )Shock Aging Research Foundation, 14628 Carona Drive, Silver Spring, Maryland 20905 and 21nstitute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2007 Abstract -- This article describes some of the thoughts and the conceptual framework from which Nathan W. Shock prepared his last major presentation. This paper, written some 8 months following Dr. Shock's death on November 12, 1989, is based upon his extensive notes and discussions with one of the authors (George T. Baker). This presen- tation in no way is meant to encapsulate the long and distinguished career of Nathan Shock, but rather to provide a glimpse of his perspectives on the development of the field ofaging. Furthermore, we believe that the scientificprinciples concerning aging research laid out by Dr. Shock in this publication are still valid today and may provide valuable insights for researchers in the field. Key Words: aging research, testable hypotheses, mechanisms of aging A CRITICAL HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH ON THE BIOLOGY OF AGING NATHAN W. SHOCK delivered his last major address, "Gerontology, the Study of Aging-- Past and Future," at the July 1989 Gordon Research Conference on the Biology of Aging. Four months beforehand, Shock began to review the historical development of biogeron- tology with the first author; he continued to refine his opinions until his death in Novem- ber 1989.