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Forum Supervision - KA 16 er Nr. 11 März 1998 6. Jahrgang LA 000 F/ 59 1, Herausgegeben von Gerhard Leuschner und Gerhard Wittenberger ForumForum Supervision - www.beratungundsupervision.de KA FoRuM Supervision Inhalt 6. Jahrgang, Heft 11, März 1998 Herausgeber: Vorwort Gerhard Leuschner und Gerhard Wittenberger Beiträge Redaktion: a Thomas Behler (Essen) — Werner Bohnert (Harsewinkel) — Klaus-Peter Krahl (Lauterbach) Mechthild Zeul — Angelica Lehmenkühler-Leuschner (Münster) — Franz Leinfelder (Wiesbaden) — Inge Die Supervisionsbeziehung im Spiegel der Balint-Gruppe Zimmer (Wiesbaden) Franz Leinfelder Verantwertliche RedakteurInnen für Heft 11: Der Gruppenprozeß in der Balintgruppe. Zur Integration Franz Leinfelder, Sauerbruchstr. 3, 65203 Wiesbaden gruppendynamischer Elemente Inge Zimmer, Sauerbruchstr. 3, 65203 Wiesbaden in ein psychoanalytisches Konzept 22 Ständige MitarbeiterInnen: Angelica Lehmenkühler-Leuschner Max Bartel (Biel) — Maria Barutzky-Jürgens (Dortmund) — Annemarie Bauer (Heidelberg) Die institutionsanalytische Balintgruppe: Zum Verstehen — Sabine Behrend (Bielefeld) — Annette Bertrams (Kandern) — Albert Bremerich-Vos psychosozialer Dynamik des Unbewußten in beruflich- (Aachen) — Ursula Dennig (Gelsenkirchen) — Paul Fortmeier (Odenthal) — Renata Fox institutionellen Situationen 33 Düsseldorf) — Elisabeth Gast-Gittinger (Neuenbürg) -- Jörg Gogoll (Marburg) — Elfi Gorges Krefeld) — Bernadette Grawe (Warburg) — Katharina Gröning (Essen) — Antonius Holz Barbara Wiese (Haltern) — Angela Klüsche (Freiburg) — Mechtild Midderhoff (Pratjau) — Eva Motamedi (Mühltal) — Jürgen Peters (Düsseldorf) — Sabine Reese (Odenthal) — Renate Reuß-Schroeder „. und jetzt auch noch die Balintgruppe!“ (Klein-Wesenberg) — Helmut Schlosser (Göttingen) — Michaela Schumacher (Köln) — Zur Funktion von Balintgruppen in der Supervisionsausbildung 58 Siegfried Sommer (Emden) Peter Musall Redaktionsanschrift: Balintgruppenarbeit — ein p s y c h o a n a l y t i s c h e s Supervisionskonzept. FORUM SUPERVISION, Emsstr. 58, 48145 Münster Anmerkungen z u r Ausbildung von BalintgruppenleiterInnen 69 Verantwortlich für die Rubrik „Neue Projekte“: Gerhard Leuschner und Gerhard Wittenberger Dr. Werner Bohnert, Reichenbacher Str. 14, 33428 Harsewinkel Verantwortlich für die Rubrik „Rezensionen“: Balintgruppenarbeit im psycho-sozialen Feld Thomas Behler, Lohmühiental 37, 45276 Essen der Sozial- und Bildungsarbeit 79 Verantwortlich für Veranstaltungsankündigungen: Inge Zimmer, Sauerbruchstr. 3, 65203 Wiesbaden Mario Erdheim Die Hintergründe drängen sich (un-)heimlich auf. Erscheinungsweise und Bezug: Zur Dimension der Unbewußtheit i n institutionellen Vorgängen 97 FORUM SUPERVISION erscheint halbjährlich (März und Oktober). Preis des Einzeiheftes: DM 18,— Interview Jahresabonnement: DM 28,- (2 Hefte) zuzüglich Versandkosten. Das Abonnement verlängert sich jeweils um 1 Jahr, wenn es nicht bis zum 31.12. des Ein Gespräch über Michael Balint mit Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen 107 laufenden Jahres gekündigt wird. Bestellungen nimmt jede Buchhandlung entgegen oder der Verlag. Rezensionen 117 Verlag: AutorInnen UB BIELEFELD 126 edition diskord, Schwärzlocher Str. 104/b, D-72070 Tübingen Vorschau 16674267168 83°99 127 Herstellung: Computer-Satz: Arıne Schweinlin, Tübingen V e a t u n g n PN 28 Druck: Fuldaer Verlagsanstalt un © 1998 edition diskord, Tübingen ISSN 0942-0045 ForumForum SupervisionSupervision -- www.beratungundsupervision.de Vorwort 3 Vorwort zichten, auch weiterhin unsere eigenen supervisorischen Konflikte in einer Balintgruppe zu analysieren. Das Thema war uns also vertraut und inter- essierte uns aus unterschiedlichen Rollen. Wir freuen uns, daß die vielfälti- Ihren Namen hat die Balintgruppe von Michael Balint, einem ungarischen gen Aspekte dieser Gruppenarbeit durch die verschiedenartigen Schwer- Arzt und Psychoanalytiker, der gemeinsam mit seiner Frau Enid in den 50er punkte der einzelnen AutorInnen in diesem Heft repräsentiert sind: Die Jahren an der Tavistock Clinic in London Diskussions- und Forschungs- historische Einbettung von Balintgruppen für Ärzte und von Balintgruppen gruppen für Ärzte leitete, in denen Fälle aus den ärztlichen Praxen der für SupervisorInnen, das psychoanalytische Konzept von Übertragung und TeilnehmerInnen besprochen wurden, um die psychischen Probleme der Gegenübertragung, konzeptionelle Erweiterungen durch Gruppendynamik Patienten besser zu verstehen und dieses Verstehen therapeutisch zu nutzen. und Institutionsanalyse, Balintgruppen als Bestandteil der Supervisoren- Inzwischen hat sich die Methode der Balintgruppe auch außerhalb der ausbildung und ein Ausbildungskonzept für BalintgruppenleiterInnen. Medizin in vielen Berufsbereichen, in denen eine professionelle Gestaltung Ein wesentliches Anliegen von Balintgruppen ist es, Unbewußtes einer Beziehung wesentlicher Inhalt ist, auf der ganzen Welt etabliert. bewußt zu machen, um zu verstehen, was in der Beziehung zwischen In die supervisorische Szene wurde sie 1976 an der GHK Kassel SupervisorIn und SupervisandInnen eine produktive Zusammenarbeit eingeführt. Dort gab es im Zusatzstudiengang „Supervision für soziale behindert. Mechthild Zeul stellt in ihrem Aufsatz dar, wie die Deutung der Berufe“ eine Kommission Supervision, in der Gerhard Wittenberger die Übertragungsbeziehung und unauflösbar damit verbunden die Nutzung der Idee entwickelte, Balintgruppen als Forschungsinstrument für Lehrsupervi- Gegenübertragung (das zentrale Mittel ihrer Wahl zum Verständnis fremd- sion zu nutzen. Dieter Eicke, ein Balintschüler, setzte diese Idee in die Tat psychischen Verstehens in der Psychoanalyse) auf die Balintgruppe über- um und leitete von 1976 an viele Jahre im Rahmen der Supervisoren- setzt werden kann. Sie vermittelt einen anschaulichen Eindruck von der ausbildung eine Balintgruppe für LehrsupervisorInnen. Gerhard Leuschner Möglichkeit, unter Nutzung der Gegenübertragung den unbewußten Grup- führte dann einige Zeit später im Einvernehmen mit dem damaligen penprozeß zu deuten und auf diesem Weg die Reinszenierung der Supervi- geschäftsführenden Direktor Wolfgang Weigand Balintgruppen für Aus- sor-Supervisanden-Beziehung zu erkennen und zu verstehen. bildungskandidatInnen einer Supervisorenausbildung an der Akademie für Im Anschluß an diese grundlegende Beschreibung des psychoana- Jugendfragen in Münster ein. Gerhard Leuschner und Gerhard Wittenber- lytischen Instrumentariums in Balintgruppen weisen Franz Leinfelder und ger waren dann auch die ersten Balintgruppenleiter in einer solchen Angelica Lehmenkühler-Leuschner mit ihren Texten auf methodische Ausbildungsgruppe, die selbst Supervisoren waren und die im DAGG mit Erweiterungen des Konzeptes für Balintgruppen mit SupervisorInnen hin. Eicke entwickelten Kriterien für Balintgruppenleiter erfüllten. Franz Leinfelder begründet, warum es auch in psychoanalytisch orientier- In dieser Zeit gab es heftige Kontroversen, ob Balintgruppen nicht den ten Gruppen Situationen geben kann, die sinnvollerweise gruppendyna- Psychoanalytikern vorbehalten bleiben müßten, ob Balintgruppen, die um misch betrachtet und geklärt werden sollten, und er illustriert dies an zwei eine institutionsanalytische und gruppendynamische Dimension erweitert Szenen aus Ausbildungsgruppen für SupervisorInnen. wurden, überhaupt noch Balintgruppen genannt werden durften, ob dies Angelica Lehmenkühler-Leuschner betont mit ihrer Arbeit die Bedeu- das Konzept grundlegend verändere oder nur erweitere u.ä. m. Die mögli- tung des institutionellen Kontextes supervisorischer Szenen und die Not- chen unterschiedlichen Antworten auf diese Fragen implizieren unter- wendigkeit, supervisorische Konflikte in ihrer persönlichen und institutio- schiedliche Entscheidungen, etwa für die geforderten Kompetenzen von nellen Bedeutung zu analysieren, um so den subjektiven Faktor in seinen BalintgruppenleiterInnen in der Supervisorenausbildung. So gibt es Aus- institutionellen Zusammenhängen zu deuten. bildungsinstitute, in denen Balintgruppen von Psychoanalytikern geleitet Die beiden folgenden Aufsätze setzen sich mit Ausbildungsfragen werden, während z.B. im FIS ausschließlich SupervisorInnen mit psycho- unterschiedlicher Art auseinander. Barbara Wiese reflektiert die Bedeutung analytischer und gruppendynamischer Kompetenz die Balintgruppen im von Balintgruppen als Ausbildungsangebot im Rahmen der Supervisoren- Rahmen der Ausbildung leiten. ausbildung und bewertet diese als wichtige Unterstützung bei der Entwick- Bei den Vorbereitungen zu diesem Heft wurde uns bewußt, daß Balint- lung einer supervisorischen Identität und der damit einhergehenden Er- gruppen von Anfang an unsere supervisorische Tätigkeit begleiteten. kenntnis, daß man sich als SupervisorIn in einen „unendlichen“ Lern- und Inzwischen leiten wir selbst Balintgruppen, ohne deshalb darauf zu ver- Veränderungsprozeß begeben hat. ForumForum SupervisionSupervision -- www.beratungundsupervision.de 4 Vorwort Das Anliegen, BalintgruppenleiterInnen für die Arbeit mit SupervisorIn- Mechthild Zeul nen auszubilden, war Inhalt einer Kommission im DAGG unter Leitung von Dieter Eicke. Dort scheiterte die Entwicklung einer solchen Aus- bildung an unterschiedlichen berufspolitischen Interessen der Berufsgrup- Die Supervisionsbeziehung im Spiegel der Balint-Gruppe pen. Danach wurde in Absprache zwischen Dieter Eicke, Gerhard Leu- schner, Wolfgang Weigand und Gerhard Wittenberger eine Ausbildung zum Balintgruppenleiter für SupervisorInnen an der Akademie für Jugend- Zusammenfassung: Die Autorin vertritt die Auffassung, daß die Gruppe, (die fragen
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