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Sota Book.Indb Perek I Daf 4 Amud a HALAKHA Th e baraita clarifi es: And what is the measure of seclusion,H ְו ַכ ָּמה ׁ ִש ּיעור ְס ִת ָירה? ְּכֵדי ּטו ְמ ָאה, ְּכֵדי The seclusion of a sota : ׁ ִש ּיעור ְס ִת ָירה – i.e., how is the seclusion of a sota defi ned? Th e measure of seclu- Measure of seclusion is defined as when witnesses see a woman secluded with ִּב ָיאה, ְּכֵדי ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה, sion is equivalent to the time needed for defi lement, which is a man with whom her husband had warned her not to be equivalent to the time needed to perform intercourse, which secluded. The duration of the seclusion is the time needed is equivalent to the time needed to perform the initial stage of for defilement, which is equivalent to the time required for intercourse.N roasting and swallowing an egg. This ruling is in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Akiva, whose opinion is accepted Th e baraita quotes several practical examples of this period of time. when he is involved in a dispute with others (Rambam Sefer ְּכֵדי ַה ָּק ַפת ֶ ּד ֶקל, ִ ּד ְבֵרי ַר ִּבי ִי ׁ ְש ָמ ֵﬠאל; .(Th is is equivalent to the time needed for circling a palm tree; this Nashim, Hilkhot Sota 1:2; Shulĥan Arukh, Even HaEzer 178:4 ַר ִּבי ֱא ִל ֶיﬠֶזר ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ְמִז ַיגת ַה ּכוֹס; ַר ִּבי is the statement of Rabbi Yishmael. Rabbi Eliezer says: Th is is ְי ׁ ֻהוֹשﬠ ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ִל ׁ ְש ּתוֹתוֹ; equivalent to the time needed for mixing a cup of wine with water, NOTES with the total volume of a quarter-log. Rabbi Yehoshua says: Th is Equivalent to the time needed to perform the initial Rashi here defines the : ְּכֵדי ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה – is equivalent to the time needed to drink that cup of wine. stage of intercourse initial stage of intercourse as the initial contact between ,Th e baraita quotes several more examples. Ben Azzai says: Th is the male and female sexual organs. Most commentaries ֶּבן ַﬠַזּאי ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ִל ְצלוֹת ֵּב ָיצה; ַר ִּבי is equivalent to the time needed to roast an egg.N Rabbi Akiva however, accept the opposing opinion in tractate Yevamot 55b), which defines the initial stage of intercourse as the) ֲﬠ ִק ָיבא ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ְל ְגוֹמ ָﬠ ּה; ַר ִּבי ְי ּהוָדה .says: Th is is equivalent to the time needed to swallow it. Rabbi insertion of the corona ֶּבן ְּב ֵת ָירא ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ִל ְג מוֹﬠ ׁ ָשלֹ ׁש Yehuda ben Beteira says: Th is is equivalent to the time needed In the Jerusalem Talmud the : ִל ְצלוֹת ֵּב ָיצה – to swallow three eggs one aft er another. Rabbi Elazar ben To roast an egg ֵּב ִיצים זוֹ ַא ַחר זוֹ; ַר ִּבי ֶא ְל ָﬠָזר ֶּבן ִיְר ְמָיה expression used is: Equivalent to the time needed to roll an Yirmeya says: Th is is equivalent to the time needed for a weaver ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ִל ְק ׁשוֹר ַּגְרִ ּדי ִנ ָימא; L L egg, which involves roasting an egg slightly to the point [gardi] to tie a string [nima]. where it will roll easily. This is a more precise measurement of time than that of the time needed to roast an egg. Ĥanin ben Pineĥas says: Th is is equivalent to the time that a ָח ִנין ֶּבן ִּפ ְנ ָחס ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ׁ ֶש ּת ׁ ִוֹשיט ָי ָד ּה ַאף ַﬠל ִּפי ׁ ֶש ֵאין – .Although there is no explicit proof, etc woman may need to extend her hand into her mouth to remove ְל ְתוֹך ִּפ ָיה ִל ּיטוֹל ֵק ָיסם; ְּפ ֵל ּימו ֵאוֹמר: P : This phrase, which is found in several places in ְר ָא ָיה וכו׳ :a wood chip from between her teeth. Th e Sage Peleimu says the Talmud, indicates that the quoted verse cannot serve ְּכֵדי ׁ ֶש ּת ׁ ִוֹשיט ָי ָד ּה ַל ַּסל ִל ּיטוֹל ִּכ ָּכר. ַאף Th is is equivalent to the time that she may need to extend her as a definitive proof, as it does not relate directly to the ַﬠל ִּפי ׁ ֶש ֵאין ְר ָא ָיה ַל ָ ּד ָבר – ֵז ֶכר ַל ָ ּד ָבר: hand into a basket in order to take a loaf of bread. He adds: matter under discussion. However, the verse does present N Although there is no explicit proof from a verse for the matt er, a verbal linkage or an association in meaning to the matter ִּ״כי ְב ַﬠד ִא ָּׁשה ָזוֹנה ַﬠד ִּכ ַּכר ָל ֶחם״. there is an allusion to the matt er from the verse: “For on account and is worth noting. of a harlot a man is brought to a loaf of bread” (Proverbs :). I would say the equivalent to the time needed to per- form the initial stage of intercourse and her appease- Tosafot cite the : ֲהָוה ָא ִמ ָינא ְּכֵדי ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה ְו ַאְר ּצו ָת ּה – Th e baraita stated that the measure of seclusion is equivalent to ment ְו ָכל ָה ֵני ָל ָּמה ִלי? the time needed for defi lement, which is equivalent to the time Jerusalem Talmud, where it is explicitly stated that all these needed to perform sexual intercourse, which is equivalent to the measures of time refer only to the time necessary for the time needed to perform the initial stage of intercourse, and it defilement itself. As such, one must add the measure of added nine practical examples of that length of time. Th e Gemara time needed for the woman to remove her undergarments. It is discussed in the Torat HaKenaot whether this should be asks: And why do I need all these times when one should have understood as disagreeing with the measures stated here suffi ced? in that it requires additional time, or whether it may be that the Babylonian Talmud is discussing a case where her ,Th e Gemara answers: All three are necessary, as if the baraita undergarments had been removed prior to the seclusion ְצִר ִיכי, ְ ּד ִאי ָּת ָנא ְּכֵדי ּטו ְמ ָאה, ֲהָוה taught only: Equivalent to the time needed for defi lement, I and therefore only the actual time needed for the act of ָא ִמ ָינא ְּכֵדי ּטו ְמ ָא ָת ּה ְו ַאְר ּצו ָת ּה, ָקא .would say that the measure is equivalent to the time for her sexual intercourse itself is listed ַמ ׁ ְש ַמע ָלן ְּכֵדי ִּב ָיאה. defi lement and her appeasement, i.e., the amount of time needed to convince her to engage in sexual intercourse. Th erefore, the LANGUAGE ,From the Greek γέρδιός, gerdios : ַּגְרִ ּדי – [baraita teaches us that the measure is equivalent to the time Weaver [gardi needed to perform sexual intercourse alone. meaning weaver. -From the Greek νῆμα, nēma, mean : ִנ ָימא – [String [nima .And if the baraita taught only: Th e measure of seclusion is equiva- ing string ְו ִאי ָּת ָנא ְּכֵדי ִּב ָיאה, ֲהָוה ָא ִמ ָינא ְּכֵדי lent to the time needed to perform sexual intercourse, I would ְּג ַמר ִּב ָיאה, ָקא ַמ ׁ ְש ַמע ָלן ְּכֵדי ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה. say that the measure is equivalent to the time needed for the PERSONALITIES completion of the act of intercourse. Th erefore, the baraita The Sage Peleimu was one of the prized : ְּפ ֵל ּימו – Peleimu teaches us that the measure is equivalent to the time needed to students of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi, and in several instances perform the initial stage of intercourse. he is quoted as asking his teacher brilliant questions. Sev- eral of his statements are recorded in baraitot, where he ,And if the baraita taught only: Th e measure of seclusion is equiva- often disagrees with Rabbi Eliezer, son of Rabbi Shimon ְו ִאי ַא ׁ ְש ַמ ִﬠ ַינן ְּכֵדי ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה, ֲהָוה ָא ִמ ָינא lent to the time needed to perform the initial stage of intercourse, another student of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi. There are also ְּכֵדי ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה ְו ַאְר ּצו ָת ּה, ָקא ַמ ׁ ְש ַמע ָלן a number of narratives in the Talmud describing his great I would say that the measure is equivalent to the time needed to ְּכֵדי ּטו ְמ ָאה. ְו ַכ ָּמה ְּכֵדי [ ַה ֲﬠָר ָאה]? ְּכֵדי perform the initial stage of intercourse and her appeasement.N righteousness. -Th erefore, the baraita teaches us that the measure is equiva ַה ָּק ַפת ֶ ּד ֶקל. lent to the time needed for defi lement, which does not include appeasement. The baraita concludes by offering a practical measure: And what is the measure of the equivalent amount of time needed to perform the initial stage of intercourse? It is equivalent to the time needed for circling a palm tree. Other Sages then off ered their own practical examples. sota . Perek I . 4a 21 . פרק א׳ דף ד. BACKGROUND And the Gemara raises a contradiction from a diff erent baraita ּוְר ִמ ְינ ִהי: ְ״ו ִנ ְס ְּתָרה״ – ְו ַכ ָּמה ׁ ִש ּיעור ”Various explanations have been (Toseft a :): Th e verse states: “And she was defi led secretly : ֵּת ּיקו – [Shall stand [teiku ְס ִת ָירה לֹא ׁ ָש ַמ ְﬠ ּנו. ְּכ ׁ ֶש ּהוא ֵאוֹמר ְ״ו ִהיא offered with regard to the etymology of this term. One (Numbers :), and we have not heard what is the measure of ִנ ְט ָמ ָאה״, ֱהֵוי ֵאוֹמר: ְּכֵדי ּטו ְמ ָאה, ְּכֵדי explanation is that the word is an abbreviated form of seclusion.
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