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Formation and Development of Ideas of Hermeticism

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Formation and Development of Ideas of Hermeticism European Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.de ¹ 5-6 2018 [email protected] SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES Manuscript info: Received May 16, 2018., Accepted June 21, 2018., Published June 30, 2018. FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS OF HERMETICISM, WHICH INFLUENCED PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT Toshov Khurshid Ilkhomovich, Doctoral candidate of the National University Of Uzbekistan named after MirzoUlugbek [email protected] http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2521-3253-2018-6-8 Abstract: This article analyzes the problem of the formation and development of ideas of hermeticism from the time of antiquity, including the Renaissance, New Age and Enlightenment. It will be considered that Hermeticism is a unique teaching that influenced many philosophical and natural scientific teachings of the designated periods. Key words: Hermeticism, the Renaissance, the paradigm, paganism, Christianity, creationism, pantheism, deism, occultism, science, man-god. Recommended citation: Toshov Khurshid Ilkhomovich, Formation and development of ideas of HERMETICISM, which influenced philosophical thought from antiquity to the present. 5-6 European Journal of Research P. 63-70 (2018). As is known, the processes of formation and development of ideas of hermeticism in different periods of the development of philosophical thinking have been studied for various purposes and from different perspectives. Studies aimed at studying the history of the ideas of hermeticism, in particular their genesis, depending on the goals outlined in them, can be divided into three areas: - Reconstructive; - Argumentative; - Scientific research. In the studies of the reconstructive trend, the main goal is to search for texts and fragments that perform the functions of primary sources for the philosophy of Hermeticism, their reconstruction, formulating their comments to them, and publishing them as a single work. In the studies of the argumentative direction, the ideas of Hermeticism are studied as a necessary argument in proving the truth of a certain doctrine. In such works, not limited to the citation of the ideas of hermetism, their genesis and essence are analyzed from the position of the intended goals. Vienna, Austria Generalization of Scientific Results 63 European Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.de ¹ 5-6 2018 [email protected] In the studies of the purely scientific direction, the ideas of hermeticism are considered as the subject of scientific research. The periods of the emergence and development of hermetic doctrine cannot be clearly indicated from the chronological point of view[1]. It can be noted that in the studies devoted to this problem in various fields of social and human sciences the essence and genesis of the ideas of hermeticism were analyzed unilaterally, confining themselves to this issue only within the framework of their subject matter. For example, in textological studies aimed at studying hermetism, the goal is only to determine the period to which the source or text belongs. In many other studies, where the essence and genesis of the ideas of hermeticism were analyzed, they are also investigated precisely from the point of view of the propagation of this current in a certain period or in a certain territory, or in the context of the influence of these ideas on a special social phenomenon, on the views of a concrete thinker. Questions concerning the ideas of hermeticism can also be viewed from the standpoint of investigating the influence of a particular doctrine or a specific social phenomenon on the processes of formation of this current. This, naturally, does not allow us to investigate the processes of the formation of ideas of hermeticism as a single phenomenon. As a result, there is a variety of interpretations related to the precise definition of the essence and genesis of Hermetic ideas. And this, in turn, contributes to the fact that the problem is still complex and contradictory, and prevents it from obtaining a relatively unambiguous decision. If we consider the processes of formation of this current as a single phenomenon, it will become possible to form a coherent, unambiguous and more or less concrete conception concerning the essence and genesis of Hermetic ideas. Of course, for this it is necessary to consider the processes of forming the ideas of hermeticism as an object of historical and philosophical research. Naturally, this approach is also not devoid of inherent controversial aspects, because: 1. As stated above, the processes of forming the ideas of hermeticism are determined for a very long time. It covers even unique stages in the development of general philosophical thought and doctrines that occurred during the period of primitive history, the period of ancient history, the period of the European Renaissance, and the period of new and modern history. 2. The ideas of Hermeticism interacted and influenced the ideas that arose in the thinking of local civilizations of the West and the East[2] as a result of the fact that they were transformed not only into the philosophical thinking of the West, but also into philosophical doctrines in the countries Vienna, Austria Generalization of Scientific Results 64 European Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.de ¹ 5-6 2018 [email protected] of the East. In other words, the territorial scope of the ideas of hermeticism is also very broad; according to this the range of influence of the ideas to which they were subjected is also very great. However, in spite of this, when analyzing the processes of forming the ideas of hermeticism in the context of the transformation of ideas, it will be possible, even relatively, to single out the individual stages of their formation, and to consider in general the processes of the formation of these ideas. Of course, with the proposed approach, in addition to the above- mentioned problems, a number of problems are clearly evident too, due to the fact that very few primary sources have reached the present day, with no information as to who and when the sources that came to us were created, and besides In addition, the lack of logical linkage in the content of these sources, and even in some dialogues in the "Hermetic Corps" (the presence of mutually contradictory parts in the same text in the dialogue "Asklepios")[3]. Considering the genesis of the ideas of hermeticism as a subject of historical and philosophical studies, it is from the point of view of this problem that it is expedient to use the term "formation" instead of the previously used term "occurrence", because: 1. In connection with the fact that the ideas of hermeticism were completely detached from their ancient roots stretching to the civilization of Ancient Egypt, and were adjusted to the paradigm of ancient Greek thinking, it is almost impossible to specify the date of their origin. 2. The ideas of Hermeticism were influenced by a multitude of doctrines, and vice versa, also had a great influence on the formation of various philosophical teachings. In this sense, the ideas of Hermeticism have demonstrated the property of constant dynamic development, more precisely, of formation. 3. According to the proposed approach, hermeticism is considered as a single doctrinal structure, and, relying on the classification of traditional division into periods in the history of philosophy, it is possible to determine the paradigm of the thinking of what period (for example, the period of antiquity and the period of the Middle Ages), elements in their composition that prevailed prevailed in the formation of hermeticism as a concrete philosophical teaching. This will make it possible to put forward a valid hypothesis about the period during which, or within a range of what periods, hermetism was formed as a special teaching. Considering from the point of view of the transformation of ideas in the historical and philosophical aspect, one can see that the processes of the formation of Hermetic ideas as concrete teachings occurred on the basis of certain regularities. More precisely, the ideas of hermetism in the process Vienna, Austria Generalization of Scientific Results 65 European Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.de ¹ 5-6 2018 [email protected] of its formation served as a transformer of ideas during the periods of the paradigm shift of philosophical thinking. The processes of the formation of Hermetic ideas during the change of the paradigm of philosophical thinking served as a transitional paradigm, as a result of which the ideas of hermeticism as a given transitional paradigm, on the one hand, created a favorable ideological environment for the penetration of elements of the new paradigm into the public consciousness, , and on the other hand, ensured the successful transformation of elements of the old paradigm into the public consciousness, emerging on the basis of a new paradigm. Depending on the periods of manifestation of this pattern, the processes of forming the ideas of hermetism can be conditionally divided into three stages: 1. The period when the polytheistic paradigm of ancient thinking began to degenerate, and the monotheistic paradigm of the Middle Ages began (III century BC-III century AD); 2. The Renaissance period, when the theological paradigm of the Middle Ages began to degenerate and the paradigm of mathematical-natural-science thinking of the new period of history (XV-XVII century) began to emerge; 3. The period when the paradigm of rationalistic humanism in the period of European enlightenment began to degenerate, and an antiscytic principle alternative to the scientistic principle formed under the influence of the above paradigm (the end of the nineteenth century and the first half of the 20th century) began to form. At the first stage of the processes of formation and development of the ideas of hermeticism as a special philosophical doctrine embracing historical reality in the range of the III century. BC. - III century. AD, there was a paradigm shift of the polytheistic philosophical thinking of the ancient period to the paradigm of the monotheistic philosophical thinking of the Middle Ages.
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