DOCSLIB.ORG

(Musci, Pottiaceae) in Africa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Musci, Pottiaceae) in Africa Taxonomic revision of Chionoloma 35 Tropical Bryology 26: 35-38, 2005 A taxonomic revision of the genus Chionoloma Dixon (Musci, Pottiaceae) in Africa Philip Sollman Notarisappel 2, 9076 LB St. Anna Parochie, The Netherlands Abstract: The African taxa of the genus Chionoloma Dixon are revised. Eleven taxa are proposed as new synonyms. Only one taxon is recognized: Chionoloma bombayense (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm. Introduction Selected collections also were examined from Some years ago, I published a partial revision several other herbaria: BM, DUIS, GRO, H, and of the genus Pseudosymblepharis Broth. in Asia PC. Material was also identified from the (Sollman, 2000). This genus is now treated as a following private herbaria: G. Een, N.G. synonym of Chionoloma Dixon (Sollman, 2001). Hodgetts, G. and S. Miehe, F. Müller, B.J. During identification work on African O’Shea, R.D. Porley, K. Wesche, M. Wigginton, material, I came across essentially the same B.O. van Zanten. variation patterns as described for the Asian The African taxa described in the genera material (Sollman, 2000), and so that discussion Oxystegus (Limpr.) Hilp., Tortella (Lindb.) of variable characters, description, habitat and Limpr., Trichostomum Bruch and also some of others is not repeated here. This paper should be Barbula Hedw., were also checked as it was read in connection with the Pseudosymblepharis possible that at least some of them could belong revision (Sollman, 2000). to Chionoloma. All author citations in botanical names The same low percentage (ca 7%) of follow Brummitt and Powell (1992). fruiting plants were seen in the African material (compare Sollman, 2000: 130). Material and Methods Taxonomy In total, about 350 herbarium collections of Chionoloma from Africa were studied The following names are proposed as new microscopically. All the material was filed and synonyms of Chionoloma bombayense if necessary annotated. Many specimens were (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm. The taxa are placed in studied from the herbaria at BR, EGR and L. chronological order of the original publications. TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 26 (2005) 36 Sollman Chionoloma bombayense (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm., Tortella corticicola (Renauld & Cardot) Trop. Bryol. 20: 139. 2001 (Trichostomum Broth. („corticola“), Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 bombayense Müll.Hal., Syn. Musc. 2: 628. (3) : 397, 1902. 1851.) Trichostomum corticicola (Renauld & Type: (India) Bombay, herb. Kegelianum Cardot) Cardot in Grandid., Hist. Madag. no. 10.025 (lectotype H-BR; isolectotype S) 39: 203, 1915. Oxystegus soulae (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Symblepharis circinata Besch., Ann. Sci. Margad. var. corticicola (Renauld & Nat., Bot. ser. 6, 9: 308, 1880, syn. nov. Cardot) Wijk & Margad., Taxon 9: 191, Trichostomum circinatum (Besch.) Broth., 1960. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 394, 1902. Trichostomum soulae (Müll.Hal. in Renauld Pseudosymblepharis bescherellei Thér. nom. & Cardot) R.H.Zander var. corticicola mut. (Symblepharis circinata Besch.), (Renauld & Cardot) R.H.Zander, Genera Recueil Publ. Soc. Havraise Etud. Div. of the Pottiaceae …: 92, 1993. 1925: 134, 1926. Type: Madagascar, Imerina, ad truncos Oxystegus circinatus (Besch.) Hilp., Beih. putridos, non fruiting, 1890, Rev. Bot. Centralbl. 50 (2): 670, 702, 1933. Camboué, Hb. J. Cardot, PC! Types: Ile de la Réunion, 1875, non fruiting, M.G. de l’Isle... Cafres, PC !; Réunion, s. Leptodontium subintegrum Broth., Bot. d., non fruiting, Lépervanche; Grande Jahrb. 24: 239, 1897, syn. nov. Comore, non fruiting, May (?) 1870, avec Trichostomum subintegrum (Broth.) Broth., Anoectangium rhaphidostegium, Boivin, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 394, 1902. PC ! Type: (Uganda), Africa or., Ru Nssoro, Rwenzori, stones in forest, 7000 - 8600 Symblepharis usambarica Broth., Bot. Jahrb. ft, non fruiting, s. date, Scott Elliott no. 20: 179, 1894, syn. nov. 185, det. Brotherus, Hb. H, holo! Trichostomum usambaricum (Broth.) Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 294, 1902. Barbula leptotortella Müll.Hal., Hedwigia Type: (Tanzania), Usambare Mts, 38: 110, 1899, syn. nov. Waldungen, non fruiting, Nov. 1891, C. Trichostomum leptotortella (Müll.Hal.) Holst no. 115 p.p., det. Brotherus, Hb. L, Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 394, iso! 1902. Oxystegus leptotortella (Müll.Hal.) Hilp., Ptychomitrium soulae Müll.Hal. in Renauld Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 50 (2): 667, 1933. & Cardot, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique Type: (Rep. of South Africa), Cape Somerset 33 (2): 118, 1895, syn. nov. East, Boschberg, non fruiting, 1878, Mac Oxystegus soulae (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Owan s.n., Hb. H-Br. no. 42.97.017, iso! Margad., Taxon 9: 191, 1960. Note. Trichostomum soulae (Müll.Hal. in Renauld Both Sim (1926) and Magill (1981) treat this & Cardot) R.H.Zander, Genera of the taxon as Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid.) Hilp. Pottiaceae…: 92, 1993. (=Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Type: Madagascar, Ambositra, Betsileo, non Taylor) Lindb.). However, the isotype fruiting, 1890, Rev. Soula, Hb. J. Cardot, material of Barbula leptotortella (above), PC, iso! agrees much better with common states of Chionoloma bombayense. Barbula corticicola Renauld & Cardot, Bull. However, the occurrence of true Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 35 (1): 309, Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) 1897, syn. nov. Lindb. (= Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid.) Hilp.) is possible in southern Africa. See also note 4, below. TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 26 (2005) Taxonomic revision of Chionoloma 37 Trichostomum (Oxystegus) circinnatulum Note 1. Broth. in Voeltzk., Reise Ostafr., Syst. In the moss flora of Southern Africa (Magill, Arbeit. 3: 54 + tafel 8, fig. 4, 1908, syn. 1981: p. 256 (text) and p. 257 (plate 11-18)), the nov. linear leaf facies of Tortella xanthocarpa is Pseudosymblepharis circinnatula (Broth. in discussed and illustrated. The text and plate here Voeltzk.) R.H.Zander, Genera of the are likely to refer to Chionoloma bombayense, Pottiaceae …: 80, 1993. judging from the plate only. (The short leaved Type: Grande Comoren, Angasidja, specimens are the true Tortella xanthocarpa.) Convalescence, 1900 m, non fruiting, 1903, A. Voeltzkow no. 84, Hb. Note 2. Brotherus, H, holo! Gymnostomum fragilifolium Dixon in Sim, Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 15: 246, 1926, nom. nud. Trichostomum rhodesiae Broth., Denkschr. I have not seen any material bearing this Akad. Wiss. Math.-Nat. (Wien) 88: 735, name. This taxon was treated by Wijk et al. 1913, syn. nov. (1959-1969, 2: 418; 5: 665) as Trichostomum Oxystegus rhodesiae (Broth.) Hilp., Beih. rhodesiae Broth. The latter taxon is treated here Bot. Centralbl. 50(2): 667, 1933. as Chionoloma bombayense. Type: (Zimbabwe), Rhodesien, Victoria Falls, Regenwald auf Baumstämmen, non Note 3. fruiting, 4 Oct. 1909, J. Brunnthaler, Hb. Trichostomum corticicola (Renauld & Cardot) Brotherus, H, no. 42.97.014, holo! Cardot in Grandid., Hist. Madag. 39: 203, 1915, Note. var. brevifolium Cardot in Grandid.: 39: 293, This collection was annotated by R.E. Magill 1915, nom. illeg. in 1980 as „probably a Tortella“. I have not seen any collection bearing this name. However, the type material of Trichostomum fragilifolium Dixon, J. Bot. Ptychomitrium soulae in Hb. PC, Hb. J. Cardot 68: 117, 1930, syn. nov. (see above) contains a written note on the var. Type: Kenya colony, Mt. Kenya, near brevifolium Cardot, which is unfortunately Nanyuki, conifer forest, about 7000 ft, illegible. The type material of Ptychomitrium Aug. 1928 (1929), fruiting, A.B. Rendle soulae Müll.Hal., also has a glued sticker on the no. 501, Hb. H.N. Dixon, BM, holo! back side of the packet: „Oxystegus soulae“, and Index Muscorum (Wijk et al., 1959-1969, 5: 137) Tortella syrrhopodontoides Dixon, J. Bot. 76: treats Trichostomum corticicola var. brevifolium 228 + fig. 8, 1938, syn. nov. as Oxystegus soulae (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Margad. Pseudosymblepharis syrrhopodontoides It is thus here treated as a synonym of (Dixon) R.H.Zander, Genera of the Chionoloma bombayense (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm. Pottiaceae ...: 80, 1993. Type: Kenya, Thika, Chania Falls, non Note 4. fruiting, 26 Aug. 1929, Priestley & Scott Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) 34-A, Hb. H.N. Dixon, BM, holo! Lindb. So far I have not seen convincing material of Trichostomum perplexum P.de la Varde, Rev. Trichostomum tenuirostre (in Magill, 1981 as Bryol. Lichénol. 11: 172 + fig. 1, 1939, Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid.) Hilp.) from (sub) syn. nov. tropical Africa, although its occurrence is Type: (Central African Republic), Oubangui, possible. The same can be stated of Bocaranga, entre Kolo et Ngam, non Trichostomum tenuirostre in (sub) tropical fruiting, 16 June 1935, M.J. Eckendorff countries in Asia. no. 6519, Hb. R. Potier de la Varde, PC, See also the note concerning Barbula lepto- holo! tortella Müll.Hal. TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 26 (2005) 38 Sollman Smaller states of Chionoloma bombayense are References especially difficult to separate from Trichostomum tenuirostre. For the differences Brummitt, R.K. & Powell, C.E., 1992. Authors of between the two taxa see especially: Sollman Plant Names. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. (2000: 142). Magill, R.E. 1981. Bryophyta, Part 1. Mosses, Fasc. 1. Sphagnaceae-Grimmiaceae, in: Flora of Geographical distribution in Africa Southern Africa, ed. O.A. Leistner, Republic of South Africa. Sim, T.R. 1926. The Bryophyta of South Africa. The countries are listed in alphabetical order. The Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa total number of studied collections is given in 15: i-iv, 1-475. (Reprint Ed. 1973.) parentheses. Sollman, P. 2000. A taxonomic revision of Cameroon (1); Central African Republic (2); Pseudosymblepharis Broth.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Overview of Family Pottiaceae (Bryopsida) in Central India with Special Reference to Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve (PBR)
    Lindbergia 34: 30–39, 2011 ISSN 0105-0761 Accepted 11 January 2011 An overview of family Pottiaceae (Bryopsida) in central India with special reference to Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve (PBR) Virendra Nath, A. K. Asthana and Reesa Gupta V. Nath, A. K. Asthana ([email protected]) and R. Gupta, Bryology Laboratory, National Botanical Research Inst., 226 001 Lucknow, India. The family Pottiaceae is one of the dominant acrocarpous moss family of India, with approximately 26 genera and 130 species being encountered. The present work intends to take up distribution of the members of the family in the central Indian region with nearly 22 taxa being reported earlier. Achanakmar – Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, Bhimbetka world heritage site, Gujarat, Mt. Abu and Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve (PBR) are some important hotspots of bryophyte vegetation in central India. Among these, PBR listed under UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme is an important site of bryophyte vegetation. Mosses of PBR however have not been studied until now. Here we assess the status of family Pottiaceae in central Indian zone along with providing an illustrated account of eight species encountered from PBR. Among these, Hyophila spathulata (Harv.) Jaeg. and Oxystegus teneuirostre (Hook. et Tayl.) A.J.E. Smith are new additions to central India, while Semibarbula ranuii Gangulee and Weissia edentula Mitt. are being reported from PBR for the first time. India is well known for its floristic diversity of various plant betka world heritage site (Nath and Bansal 2009), 11 taxa groups. Indian researchers have broadly divided India into from Mt. Abu (Chaudhary and Deora 2001) and eight eight bryo-geographical regions (Singh 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Blancs in New Caledonia
    From the Indian Ocean to the Pacific: Affranchis and Petits- Blancs in New Caledonia Karin Speedy, Macquarie University The sugar crisis of 1860 in the Indian Ocean island of Réunion motivated the migration of thousands of Réunionnais to New Caledonia in the Pacific. Along with sugar planters, wealthy enough to transport their production equipment as well as their indentured workers, significant groups of both skilled and unskilled labourers made their way from Réunion to the Pacific colony in the second half of the nineteenth century. In previous publications, I have focused my attention on the sugar industry and the immigration of the rich planters and their coolies.1 While I have drawn attention to the heterogeneity of the sugar workers and have signalled the arrival and numeric importance of tradespeople, manual and low skilled workers from Réunion, I have not yet described these immigrants in detail. This is because this group has been largely ignored by history and details surrounding their circumstances are scant. In this paper, I discuss the background and origins of these people and highlight some of the fascinating stories to emerge from this migration to New Caledonia and beyond. From the earliest days of French settlement, immigrants from the Indian Ocean island of Réunion settled in New Caledonia. These ‘pioneers’ were generally involved in agricultural activities, laying the foundations for the sugar and coffee industries that would attract many of their compatriots in the coming years. In 1863, in a quest to populate the nascent colony, New Caledonian Governor Guillain made a special appeal 1 For details see Speedy (2007a, 2007b, 2008, 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • A Regional Market in a Globalised Economy: East Central and South
    A Regional Market in a Globalised Economy: East Central and South Eastern Africans, Gujarati Merchants and the Indian Textile Industry in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries Pedro Machado Introduction Over the past two decades or so there has been a perceptible growth in interest in the history of the Indian Ocean as an arena of integrated economic, political and cultural interaction. Approaches to this history have differed and – in similar vein to recent efforts to define and theorise the Atlantic ‘world’1 – defining the Indian Ocean spatially, temporally and conceptually has been a challenge for scholars. 2 Despite some differences, these appear to be in general agreement that the ‘essential’ unity of the Indian Ocean was determined and maintained by the ebb and flow of intersecting circuits of maritime commerce, a conclusion that ‘Atlanticists’ would perhaps share. How one defines the vast oceanic space of the Indian Ocean depends ultimately, it would seem, not only on one’s particular vantage point3 but also on the historical period one chooses to examine.4 Nevertheless, a useful working model may be to see the Indian Ocean as constituted by distinct regions 1 Donna Gabaccia, ‘A Long Atlantic in a Wider World,’ Atlantic Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2004), pp. 1-27. Gabaccia conceives of the Atlantic as a ‘geographical conceit’ and as a ‘watery site of cross-cultural exchange and struggle.’ 2 See, for example, K. N. Chaudhuri, Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985); idem, Asia before Europe: Economy and Civilisation of the Indian Ocean from the Rise of Islam to 1750 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990),; Ashin Das Gupta & M[ichael] N Pearson (eds.), India and the Indian Ocean 1500-1800, Paperback Edition (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1999); Sugata Bose, ‘Space and Time on the Indian Ocean Rim: Theory and History,’ in Leila Tarazi Fawaz and C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Portuguese Identity of the Afro-Sri Lankans University of London, King’S College London
    Lusotopie Recherches politiques internationales sur les espaces issus de l’histoire et de la colonisation portugaises XII(1-2) | 2005 Genre et rapports sociaux The Portuguese Identity of the Afro-Sri Lankans University of London, King’s College London. Department of Portuguese & Brazilian Studies L’identité portugaise des Afro-Sri Lankais A identidade portuguesa dos afro-sri lankanos Shihan de Silva Jayasuriya Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/lusotopie/1164 ISSN: 1768-3084 Publisher: Association des rechercheurs de la revue Lusotopie, Brill, Karthala Printed version Date of publication: 30 November 2005 Number of pages: 21-32 ISSN: 1257-0273 Electronic reference Shihan de Silva Jayasuriya, « The Portuguese Identity of the Afro-Sri Lankans », Lusotopie [Online], XII (1-2) | 2005, Online since 30 March 2016, connection on 04 May 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/lusotopie/1164 Tous droits réservés THE PORTUGUESE IDENTITY OF THE AFRO-SRI LANKANS The Afro-Sri Lankans are an ethnic minority who have long been overlooked and have received little academic attention. They are a marginalised group, part of a culture which is undergoing rapid assimilation, and any information that we have at present about them may be lost if it is not recorded. There is as yet no adequate history of the Afro-Sri Lankans. The three waves of European colonisers (Portuguese, Dutch and British) that came to the shores of Sri Lanka brought Africans with them to this island in the Indian Ocean. This paper focuses on the largest Afro-Sri Lankan contemporary community. Since Sri Lanka regained its independence, the Afro-Sri Lankans have had to cope with the socio-political changes that have occurred in postcolonial Sri Lanka.
    [Show full text]
  • Liverworts, Mosses and Hornworts of Afghanistan - Our Present Knowledge
    ISSN 2336-3193 Acta Mus. Siles. Sci. Natur., 68: 11-24, 2019 DOI: 10.2478/cszma-2019-0002 Published: online 1 July 2019, print July 2019 Liverworts, mosses and hornworts of Afghanistan - our present knowledge Harald Kürschner & Wolfgang Frey Liverworts, mosses and hornworts of Afghanistan ‒ our present knowledge. – Acta Mus. Siles. Sci. Natur., 68: 11-24, 2019. Abstract: A new bryophyte checklist for Afghanistan is presented, including all published records since the beginning of collection activities in 1839 ‒1840 by W. Griffith till present. Considering several unidentified collections in various herbaria, 23 new records for Afghanistan together with the collection data can be added to the flora. Beside a new genus, Asterella , the new records include Amblystegium serpens var. serpens, Brachythecium erythrorrhizon, Bryum dichotomum, B. elwendicum, B. pallens, B. weigelii, Dichodontium palustre, Didymodon luridus, D. tectorum, Distichium inclinatum, Entosthodon muhlenbergii, Hygroamblystegium fluviatile subsp. fluviatile, Oncophorus virens, Orthotrichum rupestre var. sturmii, Pogonatum urnigerum, Pseudocrossidium revolutum, Pterygoneurum ovatum, Schistidium rivulare, Syntrichia handelii, Tortella inflexa, T. tortuosa, and Tortula muralis subsp. obtusifolia . Therewith the number of species increase to 24 liverworts, 246 mosses and one hornwort. In addition, a historical overview of the country's exploration and a full biogeography of Afghan bryophytes is given. Key words: Bryophytes, checklist, flora, phytodiversity. Introduction Recording, documentation, identification and classification of organisms is a primary tool and essential step in plant sciences and ecology to obtain detailed knowledge on the flora of a country. In many countries, such as Afghanistan, however, our knowledge on plant diversity, function, interactions of species and number of species in ecosystems is very limited and far from being complete.
    [Show full text]
  • De Silva F1 I-Xii.Indd I 4/1/2008 5:36:27 PM De Silva F1 I-Xii.Indd Ii 4/1/2008 5:36:29 PM Uncovering the History of Africans in Asia
    Uncovering the History of Africans in Asia de silva_f1_i-xii.indd i 4/1/2008 5:36:27 PM de silva_f1_i-xii.indd ii 4/1/2008 5:36:29 PM Uncovering the History of Africans in Asia Edited by Shihan de Silva Jayasuriya and Jean-Pierre Angenot LEIDEN • BOSTON 2008 de silva_f1_i-xii.indd iii 5/6/2008 8:00:11 PM Cover illustration: “The Nizam’s African Bodyguard at the 1877 Imperial Durbar: Mounted Toy Soldier by W.M. Hocker”. With kind permission of Kenneth and Joyce Robbins. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Uncovering the history of Africans in Asia / edited by Shihan de Silva Jayasuriya and Jean-Pierre Angenot. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-16291-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Africans—Asia—History. 2. African diaspora. I. Jayasuriya, Shihan de S. II. Angenot, Jean-Pierre. DS28.A35U53 2008 950.0496—dc22 2008009473 ISBN 978 90 04 16291 4 Copyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Brill has made all reasonable efforts to trace all rights holders to any copyrighted material used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the publisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission matters.
    [Show full text]
  • The East Asian Métis in Francophone Literatures of the South Pacific, Indian Ocean, and North America by Benjamin Hiramatsu Ireland
    The East Asian Métis in Francophone Literatures of the South Pacific, Indian Ocean, and North America by Benjamin Hiramatsu Ireland A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Romance Languages and Literatures: French) in the University of Michigan 2017 Doctoral Committee: Professor Jarrod L. Hayes, Chair Professor Frieda Ekotto Assistant Professor Christopher L. Hill Professor Peggy S. McCracken Benjamin Hiramatsu Ireland [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9952-5306 © Benjamin Hiramatsu Ireland 2017 DEDICATION To Mom and Dad ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to extend my heartfelt thanks to my dissertation chair and advisor, Dr. Jarrod Hayes, for his tireless dedication and support throughout the entire stages of this dissertation and my graduate career. My gratitude is extended in addition to Dr. Peggy McCracken, my first advisor at Michigan, who has selflessly dedicated her time, knowledge, and passions to inspire. I would like to thank Dr. Frieda Ekotto, who has served as an exceptional dissertation and preliminary examination committee member. As the final member of my committee, Dr. Christopher Hill has played an invaluable role in this dissertation’s fruition, and my gratitude goes to him for his deft Asianist readings. Although not formally part of my dissertation committee, Dr. Lawrence Kritzman has played an enormous part of my academic and professional growth. I am immensely indebted to his inspiring mentorship, support, and wise words of wisdom on teaching and publishing. To think it all started from a serendipitous encounter at an Italian restaurant after a rainy-evening Roland Barthes conference in Wales makes our friendship even more immensely special to me.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cases of Guinea-Bissau and Sri Lanka
    Chapter 2 Luso-Creole Culture and Identity Compared Th e Cases of Guinea-Bissau and Sri Lanka Christoph Kohl Introduction Th e Upper Guinea Coast is a special case, where processes of creolization in con- nection to Portugal’s expansion are concerned. Colonial ideology used to depict Guinea-Bissau as the ‘fi rst Portuguese possession’, ‘cradle’ (Reis Torgal 2005: 64), and ‘dawn’ (Governo da Guiné 1952) of the Portuguese empire. Th e Portuguese called at the Upper Guinea Coast on their way to Asia and Brazil. Portuguese culture, having ‘disembarked’ there fi rst, has been appropriated, integrated and transformed by local populations there since the late fi fteenth century. Hence, the Upper Guinea Coast was the fi rst region where creolization occurred in con- nection to (Portuguese) colonialism (Vale de Almeida 2007). Processes of cultural and particularly linguistic creolization in Africa and Asia have been the subject of several ‘mono-sited’ studies. However, very few (e.g. Knörr 2008, 2010) in- volve a comparative look at such processes and their social impact. Generally speaking, fi ndings concerning linguistic connections are linked to connections beyond language – where people speak, they interact (and vice versa); and where they interact, new culture and new identifi cations are likely to emerge. Research has, however, led to a number of studies on creole groups and culture, which I term ‘Luso-Creole’. Th is notion alludes to a network of ‘continued identities’ and cultural representations that started emerging during the Portuguese expansion that began in the fi fteenth century and have since acquired specifi c complexities and dynamics (Pina Cabral 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • SLAVERY, ISLAM and DIASPORA Africa World Press
    SLAVERY, ISLAM AND DIASPORA AFRICA WORLD PRESS Publications in Association with the Harriet Tubman Institute for Research on the Global Migrations of African Peoples Toyin Falola and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Pawnship, Slavery and Colonial- ism in Africa, 2003 Donald G. Simpson, Under the North Star: Black Communities in Upper Canada before Confederation (1867), 2005 Paul E. Lovejoy, Slavery, Commerce and Production in West Africa: Slave Society in the Sokoto Caliphate, 2005 Paul E. Lovejoy, Ecology and Ethnography of Muslim Trade in West Africa, 2005 Naana Opoku-Agyemang, Paul E. Lovejoy and David Trotman, eds., Africa and Trans-Atlantic Memories: Literary and Aesthetic Manifesta- tions of Diaspora and History, 2008 Boubacar Barry, Livio Sansone, and Elisée Soumonni, eds., Africa, Brazil, and the Construction of Trans-Atlantic Black Identities, 2008 Carolyn Brown and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Repercussions of the Atlantic Slave Trade: The Interior of the Bight of Biafra and the African Diaspora, 2009 Behnaz Asl Mirzai, Ismael Musah Montana, and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Slavery, Islam and Diaspora, 2009 Ana Lucia Araujo, Mariana Pinho Cândido and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Crossing Memories: Slavery and African Diaspora, 2009 SLAVERY, ISLAM AND DIASPORA Behnaz A. Mirzai, Ismael Musah Montana and Paul E. Lovejoy Copyright © 2009 Behnaz A. Mirzai, Ismael Musah Montana and Paul E. Lovejoy First Printing 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Book design: Saverance Publishing Services Cover design: Ashraful Haque Cover artwork: “North African man in travelling costume”, ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Problems and Prospects of a Small, Island Economy Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
    A WORLD BANK COUNTRY STUDY PUB-1626 Public Disclosure Authorized THE COMOROS Problems and Prospects of a Small, Island Economy Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized JULY 1979 THE COMOROS Problems and Prospects of a Small, Island Economy This report is based on the findings of a missionto the Comoros in November /December, 1976 consisting of: Messrs. P. Landell-Mills, chief of mission M. Ragno, general economist The report also incorporates the findings of a transport sector mission led by: Ms. F. Johansen, transport economist and including: Messrs. G. Orsini, road engineer D. Raymond, port specialist which visited the Comoros in March 1977. The report was revised for publication on the basis of discussionswith the Comorian gov- ernment and an economic review in December 1978 by Mr. S. Rahim. Eastern Africa Regional Office The World Bank Washington, D.C., U.S.A. The World Bank issues country economic studies in two series. This report is a working document and is, as such, part of an informal series based wholly on materials originally prepared for restricted use within the Bank. The text is not meant to be definitive, but is offered so as to make some results of internal research widely available to scholars and practitioners tbroughout the world. A second, morc formal series entitled World Bank Country Economic Reports is published for the Bank by The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London. Titles of these and all other Bank publications may be found in the Catalog of Publications, which is available free of chargefrom World Bank, Publications Unit, 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Madagascar: Transitions in Health Care Margaret Altepeter Regis University
    Regis University ePublications at Regis University All Regis University Theses Spring 2012 Madagascar: Transitions in health care Margaret Altepeter Regis University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.regis.edu/theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Altepeter, Margaret, "Madagascar: Transitions in health care" (2012). All Regis University Theses. 554. https://epublications.regis.edu/theses/554 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by ePublications at Regis University. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Regis University Theses by an authorized administrator of ePublications at Regis University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Regis University Regis College Honors Theses Disclaimer Use of the materials available in the Regis University Thesis Collection (“Collection”) is limited and restricted to those users who agree to comply with the following terms of use. Regis University reserves the right to deny access to the Collection to any person who violates these terms of use or who seeks to or does alter, avoid or supersede the functional conditions, restrictions and limitations of the Collection. The site may be used only for lawful purposes. The user is solely responsible for knowing and adhering to any and all applicable laws, rules, and regulations relating or pertaining to use of the Collection. All content in this Collection is owned by and subject to the exclusive control of Regis University and the authors of the materials. It is available only for research purposes and may not be used in violation of copyright laws or for unlawful purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Developments and the Growth of Colour Prejudice in the French Empire, C.1635-1767 Mélanie Lamotte Introduction My
    Economic developments and the growth of colour prejudice in the French empire, Mélanie c.1635-1767 Lamotte Introduction My PhD dissertation focuses on colour prejudice in the early modern French empire, c.1635- 1767. It is a comparative study based on Île Bourbon, in the Indian Ocean, which became a French territory in 1638 and was placed under the authority of the Compagnie des Indes Orientales until 1767; French Louisiana, which was established in 1699 and dissolved in 1762-1763; and Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles, which was permanently inhabited from 1635. Residents of Île Bourbon comprised Europeans, as well as people of Malagasy, African and South-Asian ancestry. In early modern Guadeloupe, there were Europeans, people of African ancestry, as well as some Amerindians. In Louisiana, there were Canadians, Europeans, as well as many Native Americans, and from the late 1710s, a growing number of people of African descent. My dissertation argues that the intensity of interethnic antagonisms depended on both the overall colonial policy of the French state disseminated across the empire, and on local economic, demographic, cultural and geopolitical circumstances specific to each colony. The History Project grant allowed me to concentrate my attention on the economic dimension of this argument. I was able to assess the ways in which economic developments have shaped colour prejudice throughout the early modern French empire. One of the major arguments in my dissertation is that in the three colonies, interethnic antagonisms intensified as plantation agriculture developed. The development of plantation agriculture led to a considerable increase in the number of slaves of African ancestry.
    [Show full text]