Taxonomic revision of Chionoloma 35

Tropical Bryology 26: 35-38, 2005

A taxonomic revision of the genus Chionoloma Dixon (Musci, ) in Africa

Philip Sollman

Notarisappel 2, 9076 LB St. Anna Parochie, The Netherlands

Abstract: The African taxa of the genus Chionoloma Dixon are revised. Eleven taxa are proposed as new synonyms. Only one taxon is recognized: Chionoloma bombayense (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm.

Introduction Selected collections also were examined from Some years ago, I published a partial revision several other herbaria: BM, DUIS, GRO, H, and of the genus Pseudosymblepharis Broth. in Asia PC. Material was also identified from the (Sollman, 2000). This genus is now treated as a following private herbaria: G. Een, N.G. synonym of Chionoloma Dixon (Sollman, 2001). Hodgetts, G. and S. Miehe, F. Müller, B.J. During identification work on African O’Shea, R.D. Porley, K. Wesche, M. Wigginton, material, I came across essentially the same B.O. van Zanten. variation patterns as described for the Asian The African taxa described in the genera material (Sollman, 2000), and so that discussion Oxystegus (Limpr.) Hilp., Tortella (Lindb.) of variable characters, description, habitat and Limpr., Trichostomum Bruch and also some of others is not repeated here. This paper should be Barbula Hedw., were also checked as it was read in connection with the Pseudosymblepharis possible that at least some of them could belong revision (Sollman, 2000). to Chionoloma. All author citations in botanical names The same low percentage (ca 7%) of follow Brummitt and Powell (1992). fruiting were seen in the African material (compare Sollman, 2000: 130).

Material and Methods In total, about 350 herbarium collections of Chionoloma from Africa were studied The following names are proposed as new microscopically. All the material was filed and synonyms of Chionoloma bombayense if necessary annotated. Many specimens were (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm. The taxa are placed in studied from the herbaria at BR, EGR and L. chronological order of the original publications.

TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 26 (2005) 36 Sollman

Chionoloma bombayense (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm., Tortella corticicola (Renauld & Cardot) Trop. Bryol. 20: 139. 2001 (Trichostomum Broth. („corticola“), Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 bombayense Müll.Hal., Syn. Musc. 2: 628. (3) : 397, 1902. 1851.) Trichostomum corticicola (Renauld & Type: (India) Bombay, herb. Kegelianum Cardot) Cardot in Grandid., Hist. Madag. no. 10.025 (lectotype H-BR; isolectotype S) 39: 203, 1915. Oxystegus soulae (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Symblepharis circinata Besch., Ann. Sci. Margad. var. corticicola (Renauld & Nat., Bot. ser. 6, 9: 308, 1880, syn. nov. Cardot) Wijk & Margad., Taxon 9: 191, Trichostomum circinatum (Besch.) Broth., 1960. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 394, 1902. Trichostomum soulae (Müll.Hal. in Renauld Pseudosymblepharis bescherellei Thér. nom. & Cardot) R.H.Zander var. corticicola mut. (Symblepharis circinata Besch.), (Renauld & Cardot) R.H.Zander, Genera Recueil Publ. Soc. Havraise Etud. Div. of the Pottiaceae …: 92, 1993. 1925: 134, 1926. Type: , Imerina, ad truncos Oxystegus circinatus (Besch.) Hilp., Beih. putridos, non fruiting, 1890, Rev. Bot. Centralbl. 50 (2): 670, 702, 1933. Camboué, Hb. J. Cardot, PC! Types: Ile de la Réunion, 1875, non fruiting, M.G. de l’Isle... Cafres, PC !; Réunion, s. Leptodontium subintegrum Broth., Bot. d., non fruiting, Lépervanche; Grande Jahrb. 24: 239, 1897, syn. nov. Comore, non fruiting, May (?) 1870, avec Trichostomum subintegrum (Broth.) Broth., Anoectangium rhaphidostegium, Boivin, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 394, 1902. PC ! Type: (Uganda), Africa or., Ru Nssoro, Rwenzori, stones in forest, 7000 - 8600 Symblepharis usambarica Broth., Bot. Jahrb. ft, non fruiting, s. date, Scott Elliott no. 20: 179, 1894, syn. nov. 185, det. Brotherus, Hb. H, holo! Trichostomum usambaricum (Broth.) Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 294, 1902. Barbula leptotortella Müll.Hal., Hedwigia Type: (), Usambare Mts, 38: 110, 1899, syn. nov. Waldungen, non fruiting, Nov. 1891, C. Trichostomum leptotortella (Müll.Hal.) Holst no. 115 p.p., det. Brotherus, Hb. L, Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (3): 394, iso! 1902. Oxystegus leptotortella (Müll.Hal.) Hilp., Ptychomitrium soulae Müll.Hal. in Renauld Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 50 (2): 667, 1933. & Cardot, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique Type: (Rep. of South Africa), Cape Somerset 33 (2): 118, 1895, syn. nov. East, Boschberg, non fruiting, 1878, Mac Oxystegus soulae (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Owan s.n., Hb. H-Br. no. 42.97.017, iso! Margad., Taxon 9: 191, 1960. Note. Trichostomum soulae (Müll.Hal. in Renauld Both Sim (1926) and Magill (1981) treat this & Cardot) R.H.Zander, Genera of the taxon as Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid.) Hilp. Pottiaceae…: 92, 1993. (=Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Type: Madagascar, Ambositra, Betsileo, non Taylor) Lindb.). However, the isotype fruiting, 1890, Rev. Soula, Hb. J. Cardot, material of Barbula leptotortella (above), PC, iso! agrees much better with common states of Chionoloma bombayense. Barbula corticicola Renauld & Cardot, Bull. However, the occurrence of true Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 35 (1): 309, Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) 1897, syn. nov. Lindb. (= Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid.) Hilp.) is possible in southern Africa. See also note 4, below.

TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 26 (2005) Taxonomic revision of Chionoloma 37

Trichostomum (Oxystegus) circinnatulum Note 1. Broth. in Voeltzk., Reise Ostafr., Syst. In the flora of Southern Africa (Magill, Arbeit. 3: 54 + tafel 8, fig. 4, 1908, syn. 1981: p. 256 (text) and p. 257 (plate 11-18)), the nov. linear leaf facies of Tortella xanthocarpa is Pseudosymblepharis circinnatula (Broth. in discussed and illustrated. The text and plate here Voeltzk.) R.H.Zander, Genera of the are likely to refer to Chionoloma bombayense, Pottiaceae …: 80, 1993. judging from the plate only. (The short leaved Type: Grande Comoren, Angasidja, specimens are the true Tortella xanthocarpa.) Convalescence, 1900 m, non fruiting, 1903, A. Voeltzkow no. 84, Hb. Note 2. Brotherus, H, holo! Gymnostomum fragilifolium Dixon in Sim, Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 15: 246, 1926, nom. nud. Trichostomum rhodesiae Broth., Denkschr. I have not seen any material bearing this Akad. Wiss. Math.-Nat. (Wien) 88: 735, name. This taxon was treated by Wijk et al. 1913, syn. nov. (1959-1969, 2: 418; 5: 665) as Trichostomum Oxystegus rhodesiae (Broth.) Hilp., Beih. rhodesiae Broth. The latter taxon is treated here Bot. Centralbl. 50(2): 667, 1933. as Chionoloma bombayense. Type: (Zimbabwe), Rhodesien, Victoria Falls, Regenwald auf Baumstämmen, non Note 3. fruiting, 4 Oct. 1909, J. Brunnthaler, Hb. Trichostomum corticicola (Renauld & Cardot) Brotherus, H, no. 42.97.014, holo! Cardot in Grandid., Hist. Madag. 39: 203, 1915, Note. var. brevifolium Cardot in Grandid.: 39: 293, This collection was annotated by R.E. Magill 1915, nom. illeg. in 1980 as „probably a Tortella“. I have not seen any collection bearing this name. However, the type material of Trichostomum fragilifolium Dixon, J. Bot. Ptychomitrium soulae in Hb. PC, Hb. J. Cardot 68: 117, 1930, syn. nov. (see above) contains a written note on the var. Type: Kenya colony, Mt. Kenya, near brevifolium Cardot, which is unfortunately Nanyuki, conifer forest, about 7000 ft, illegible. The type material of Ptychomitrium Aug. 1928 (1929), fruiting, A.B. Rendle soulae Müll.Hal., also has a glued sticker on the no. 501, Hb. H.N. Dixon, BM, holo! back side of the packet: „Oxystegus soulae“, and Index Muscorum (Wijk et al., 1959-1969, 5: 137) Tortella syrrhopodontoides Dixon, J. Bot. 76: treats Trichostomum corticicola var. brevifolium 228 + fig. 8, 1938, syn. nov. as Oxystegus soulae (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Margad. Pseudosymblepharis syrrhopodontoides It is thus here treated as a synonym of (Dixon) R.H.Zander, Genera of the Chionoloma bombayense (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollm. Pottiaceae ...: 80, 1993. Type: Kenya, Thika, Chania Falls, non Note 4. fruiting, 26 Aug. 1929, Priestley & Scott Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) 34-A, Hb. H.N. Dixon, BM, holo! Lindb. So far I have not seen convincing material of Trichostomum perplexum P.de la Varde, Rev. Trichostomum tenuirostre (in Magill, 1981 as Bryol. Lichénol. 11: 172 + fig. 1, 1939, Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid.) Hilp.) from (sub) syn. nov. tropical Africa, although its occurrence is Type: (Central African Republic), Oubangui, possible. The same can be stated of Bocaranga, entre Kolo et Ngam, non Trichostomum tenuirostre in (sub) tropical fruiting, 16 June 1935, M.J. Eckendorff countries in Asia. no. 6519, Hb. R. Potier de la Varde, PC, See also the note concerning Barbula lepto- holo! tortella Müll.Hal.

TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 26 (2005) 38 Sollman

Smaller states of Chionoloma bombayense are References especially difficult to separate from Trichostomum tenuirostre. For the differences Brummitt, R.K. & Powell, C.E., 1992. Authors of between the two taxa see especially: Sollman Names. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. (2000: 142). Magill, R.E. 1981. Bryophyta, Part 1. , Fasc. 1. Sphagnaceae-Grimmiaceae, in: Flora of Geographical distribution in Africa Southern Africa, ed. O.A. Leistner, Republic of South Africa. Sim, T.R. 1926. The Bryophyta of South Africa. The countries are listed in alphabetical order. The Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa total number of studied collections is given in 15: i-iv, 1-475. (Reprint Ed. 1973.) parentheses. Sollman, P. 2000. A taxonomic revision of Cameroon (1); Central African Republic (2); Pseudosymblepharis Broth. (Musci, Pottiaceae) (17); Ethiopia (10); (5); Ivory in Asia. Tropical Bryology 18: 129-145. Coast (1); Lesotho (3); Kenya (13); Madagascar Sollman, P. 2001. A new combination in Chionoloma (21); Malawi (82); Republic of South Africa Dixon (Musci, Pottiaceae). Tropical Bryology 20: (24); Réunion (26); Rwanda (5); Sierra Leone 139. (1); Tanzania (67); Uganda (48); D.R. Congo Thériot, I. 1926. Cinquième contribution à la Flore bryologique de Madagascar. Recueil des (Zaire) (28); Zimbabwe (5). Publications de la Société Havraise d’Etudes Diverses 1925: 122-151. Acknowledgements Wijk, R. van der, W.D. Margadant & P.A. Florschütz, 1959-1969. Index Muscorum. I wish to thank the curators of the herbaria mentioned Utrecht: IAPT. in the text for making available material. I am obliged Zander, R.H. 1993. Genera of the Pottiaceae: Mosses to the staff in Hb. Egger (Hungary), and especially to of harsh environments. Bulletin of the Buffalo G. Kis and T. Pócs for making available the material Society of Natural Sciences 32: i-vi, 1-378. housed there. I thank also the private persons mentioned in the text, for sending material for identification. Mrs Y. Slingerland-Janssen is thanked for her secretarial assistance.

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