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HYMENOPTERA: POMPILIDAE) in COLOMBIA El Género Psorthaspis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) En Colombia

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HYMENOPTERA: POMPILIDAE) in COLOMBIA El Género Psorthaspis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) En Colombia ZOOLOGÍA-SISTEMÁTICA http://www.icn.unal.edu.co/ Caldasia 32(2):435-441. 2010 THE GENUS PSORTHASPIS (HYMENOPTERA: POMPILIDAE) IN COLOMBIA El género Psorthaspis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) en Colombia JUANITA RODRÍGUEZ CAROL D. VON DOHLEN JAMES P. PITTS Biology Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84321, USA. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The biodiversity of spider wasps in Psorthapsis occurring in Colombia was examined in this study. Three species of this genus were found in northern and western Colombia, of which two represent new distributional records: Psorthaspis variegata and Psorthaspis connexa are recorded from Chocó and Magdalena, respectively. A neotype is established for Psorthapsis colombiae. The morphological variation, coupled with geographic distribution, precludes the division of P. variegata and P. connexa into subspecies. A discussion on the status of these subspecies is provided. A key to the members of the genus in Colombia also is presented. Key words. Aporini, Colombia, Hymenoptera, Pompilidae, Psorthaspis. RESUMEN Se estudió el género Psorthaspis en Colombia. Se encontraron tres especies distribuidas en el norte y occidente de Colombia, de ellas dos representan nuevos registros de Pompilidae en el país: Psorthaspis variegata y Psorthaspis connexa que se encuentran en Chocó y Magdalena, respectivamente. Se establece un neotipo para Psorthaspis colombiae. La variación morfológica y la distribución de P. variegata y P. connexa hacen necesario evitar el uso de unidades subespecífi cas. Se ofrece una discusión del estado de estas subespecies. Se presenta una clave para los miembros de Psorthaspis en Colombia. Palabras clave. Aporini, avispas cazadoras de arañas, Hymenoptera, Pompilidae, taxonomía. INTRODUCTION studies (e.g., Bradley 1944; Evans 1966; Roig- Alsina 1984, 1989; Colomo de Correa 1991, Spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) are 1992; Snelling & Torres 2004) have focused a widespread group of about 5 000 described on Neotropical Pompilidae (Fernández species (Pitts et al. 2006) in approximately 2006a), but they consist mainly of species 120 genera (Wasbauer 1996). Pompilids are descriptions. Fernández (2006b) published solitary wasps that mostly prey on spiders the most recent study at the generic level and (Goulet & Huber 1993). published a key to the Neotropical genera. Some Neotropical tribes such as Aporini and These wasps are conspicuous elements in Pompilini have been studied in depth for many ecosystems, but only the fauna of North Central America (Evans 1966), leaving the America has been widely studied. Few modern South American species particularly in need 435 The genus Psorthaspis in Colombia of revision. New collection material, and the MATERIALS AND METHODS revision of South American taxa represented in existing collections will help to clarify the Specimens were studied from the Academy of classifi cation of these tribes. Natural Sciences Philadelphia – Entomology, Philadelphia, PA, USA (ANSP); Cornell Psorthaspis Banks, 1912 is one of the University Insect Collection (CUIC), Ithaca, most interesting genera with respect to NY, US; Essig Museum of Entomology American biogeography. These wasps are (EMEC), Berkeley, CA, US; Harvard distributed from the northeastern United University Museum of Comparative Zoology States to northern South America, including – Entomology, Cambridge, MA, US (MCZC), the Antilles. The genus contains 28 valid Colección de Artrópodos, Instituto Alexander species (Bradley 1944; Evans 1966) and is von Humboldt, Villa de Leyva, Colombia easily identifi ed by the characteristic long (IAvH), Marius Wasbauer Personal Collection, pronotum and rounded clypeus. At present, Brookings, OR, US (MWPC), National only one species, Psorthaspis colombiae Museum of Natural History – Entomology, Bradley, 1944, which was collected in the Washington, D. C., US (NMNH) and Utah northern Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta State University Entomology Collection, of Colombia, has been reported for South Logan, UT, US (EMUS). In total, 57 pinned America (Bradley 1944). individuals of Psorthaspis of three species were found from Colombia. Each specimen Here we present two new records for was checked against published diagnoses Psorthaspis in Colombia. New female (Bradley 1944; Evans 1966). specimens studied at Instituto Alexander von Humboldt insect collection revealed Morphological analysis and dissections were the presence of two species that previously done using a Leica MZ7.5 stereomicroscope. had been recorded only for Central America: Several morphological characters used in the Psorthaspis variegata (Smith, 1862) and classifi cation of Psorthaspis were examined, Psorthaspis connexa (Cresson, 1869). In such as: pubescence, tomentum, body addition, we provide a diagnosis of the color, head morphology and male genital Psorthaspis species of Colombia, offer morphology. Genitalia were dissected, cleared comments on their taxonomy, and provide in KOH solution and stored in glycerin. a taxonomic key to the Colombian species. Our study also uncovered specimens Morphological terminology used here follows with intermediate characters between the that of Bradley (1944) and Evans (1966). Male subspecies of Psorthaspis variegata and those genital terms are illustrated in Figure 1 and of Psorthaspis connexa and necessitate a follow Evans (1966). Morphological characters reevaluation of the validity of these subspecies. employed are defined as follows: SGP Finally, we establish a neotype for Psorthaspis (subgenital plate of male, apical sternite) and colombiae Bradley, 1944. tomentum (short, dense, fi ne pubescence). Male specimens found at the Instituto Line drawings of male genitalia were traced Alexander von Humboldt insect collection by hand from high-defi nition images taken could provide more information for the group, using a ProgRes C10 camera mounted on a but unfortunately the loan for this material was Leica MZ75 stereomicroscope. The images denied to Utah State University. The present were refi ned using a camera lucida mounted publication was based on high definition on a Wild M-5 stereomicroscope and a Wild photographs of the females. M-11 light microscope. These illustrations 436 Rodriguez et al. were then inked and scanned at 1000dpi to circular ridge extending from one lower be cleaned in Adobe Photoshop. corner to the other on the hind face of the propodeum. Other useful characters include RESULTS AND DISCUSSION the presence of bluish to purplish tomentum covering the whole body except for antennal Key to species of Psorthaspis from fossae, which have silvery tomentum, rugose Colombia sculpturing on the propodeal fl anges and dark wings with a dull purplish sheen. Females (Modifi ed from Bradley 1944 and Evans 1966) Male: Unknown. 1. a. Integument entirely black; pubescence and tomentum bluish or purplish covering all Comments: This species was described based the body; wings dark ................................... on a single specimen from Colombia. The ...............… Psorthaspis colombiae Bradley holotype, according to Bradley (1944), should b. Integument with yellow or white bands or be deposited in the Museum of Comparative spots on abdomen dorsum; tomentum orange Zoology, Harvard University (MCZC). At on pronotum, pubescence black or grey present, there is no specimen labeled as the elsewhere; wings banded ....................… 2 holotype of P. colombiae in MCZC or any of the 2. a. T2 and T4 with pale markings; collections where Bradley may have deposited mesoscutum glabrous ................................ his specimens (ANSP, CUIC). However, there ...............… Psorthaspis connexa (Cresson) is a specimen in the MCZC from the type b. T3 with pale markings; mesoscutum with locality that matches all the characters indicated orange pubescence …................................... in Bradley’s description of P. colombiae. This .................... Psorthaspis variegata (Smith) specimen could be the holotype of P. colombiae but bears a Bradley manuscript name. We also Males (Modified from Evans 1966; male found two specimens at ZMUC that match unknown for Psorthaspis colombiae) Bradley’s description of P. colombiae, and 1. a. SGP continuously round apically (Fig. whose only collection data read “Columbia” 1a); digitus with long setae on the dorsal and “Guyana”. apex; aedeagus bilobed (Fig. 1b) …............ .................... Psorthaspis connexa (Cresson) Given that there are several closely related b. SGP angulate laterally (Fig. 1c); digitus Psorthaspis species that are difficult to with short setae on the dorsal apex; aedeagus separate morphologically, and that a type continuously round apically (Fig. 1d) specimen would provide taxonomic stability ...............… Psorthaspis variegata (Smith) to the goup, we propose the necessity of designating a type for P. colombiae. To solve Species diagnoses and comments this issue, the fi rst option would be to designate a neotype from any of the two specimens Psorthaspis colombiae Bradley available at ZMUC. Second, we could assume Psorthaspis colombiae Bradley, 1944, Amer. that the specimen with manuscript name found Ent. Soc. Trans. 70: 47-48. [Neotype: female, in MCZC is the holotype and that Bradley San Lorenzo Mts., Partidas Cincinnati, labeled it incorrectly. In that case, we would Magdalena, Colombia; January 1, 1923 (M. not have to designate a neotype. Lastly, A. Carriker) (MCZC)]. we could designate the manuscript named specimen in MCZC as a neotype. Designating Female
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