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Plan De Manejo “Área Natural Protegida Reserva

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Plan De Manejo “Área Natural Protegida Reserva Plan de Manejo “Área Natural Protegida Reserva Estatal Real de Guadalcázar” San Luis Potosí 2020 Contenido 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................. 7 2. ANTECEDENTES ............................................................................................................... 8 3. OBJETIVOS DEL AREA NATURAL PROTEGIDA......................................................... 11 4. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁREA PROTEGIDA ...................................................................... 11 4.1. LOCALIZACIÓN Y LÍMITES ......................................................................................... 11 4.2. CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-GEOGRÁFICAS .......................................................... 14 4.2.1. Relieve .................................................................................................................... 14 4.2.2 Geología .................................................................................................................. 14 4.2.3 Geomorfología y suelos ....................................................................................... 15 4.2.4 Clima ........................................................................................................................ 17 4.2.5 Hidrología ................................................................................................................ 20 4.2.6 Perturbaciones ....................................................................................................... 20 4.3 CARACTERISTICAS BIOLÓGICAS ............................................................................. 21 4.3.1 Vegetación .............................................................................................................. 21 4.3.2 Fauna........................................................................................................................ 29 4.3.3 Problemática ........................................................................................................... 31 4.3.4 Servicios Ecosistémicos ...................................................................................... 31 4.4 CONTENIDO ARQUEOLÓGICO, HISTÓRICO Y CULTURAL .................................. 32 4.5 CONTENIDO DEMOGRÁFICO, ECONÓMICO Y SOCIAL ........................................ 38 4.6 USO DE SUELO Y AGUAS NACIONALES ................................................................. 43 4.7 TENENCIA DE LA TIERRA ........................................................................................... 47 4.8 NORMAS OFICIALES MEXICANAS............................................................................. 48 5. DIAGNÓSTICO Y PROBLEMÁTICA DE LA SITUACIÓN AMBIENTAL ...................... 51 5.1 ECOSISTÉMICO............................................................................................................. 51 5.2 DEMOGRÁFICO Y SOCIOECONÓMICO .................................................................... 52 5.3 PRESENCIA Y COORDINACIÓN INSTITUCIONAL ................................................... 53 5.4 CONSIDERACIONES DE GÉNERO Y A GRUPOS VULNERABLES ....................... 54 5.5 GESTIÓN Y CONSENSO DEL PROGRAMA .............................................................. 54 6. SUBPROGRAMAS DE CONSERVACIÓN ..................................................................... 54 6.1 SUBPROGRAMA DE PROTECCIÓN ........................................................................... 55 6.1.1 Componente de Inspección y Vigilancia ........................................................... 55 ii 6.1.2 Componente de mantenimiento de regímenes de perturbación y procesos ecológicos a gran escala ............................................................................................... 56 6.1.3 Componente de preservación de áreas núcleo ............................................... 57 6.1.4 Componente de prevención y control de incendios y contingencias ambientales ...................................................................................................................... 58 6.2 SUBPROGRAMA DE MANEJO .................................................................................... 59 6.2.1 Componente de actividades mineras y extractivas ........................................ 60 6.2.2 Componente de manejo y uso sustentable de la vegetación silvestre ....... 60 6.2.3 Componente de manejo y uso sustentable de la fauna silvestre ................. 62 6.2.4 Componente de agricultura y ganadería ........................................................... 63 6.2.5 Componente de turismo y recreación ............................................................... 64 6.2.6 Componente de manejo del Ex confinamiento “La Pedrera” ....................... 66 6.3 RESTAURACIÓN ........................................................................................................... 67 6.3.1 Componente de proyección y recuperación de suelos .................................. 67 6.3.2 Componente de reforestación ............................................................................. 68 6.4 CONOCIMIENTO ............................................................................................................ 69 6.4.1 Componente de investigación, monitoreo ambiental y generación de conocimiento.................................................................................................................... 69 6.5 CULTURA ........................................................................................................................ 70 6.5.1 Componente de educación ambiental ............................................................... 71 6.6 GESTIÓN ......................................................................................................................... 71 6.6.1 Componente de administración y operación ................................................... 71 6.6.2 Componente de señalización e infraestructura ............................................... 72 6.6.3 Componente de cooperación y legislaciones internacionales ..................... 74 7. ORDENAMIENTO ECOLÓGICO Y ZONIFICACIÓN ..................................................... 74 7.1 ORDENAMIENTO ECOLÓGICO .................................................................................. 74 7.2.1 Criterios de Subzonificación ............................................................................... 75 7.2.2 Metodología ............................................................................................................ 76 7.2.3 Zonificación ............................................................................................................ 76 8. REGLAS ADMINISTRATIVAS ......................................................................................... 92 9. PROGRAMA OPERATIVO ANUAL ................................................................................. 98 9.1 Metodología ................................................................................................................... 98 9.2. Características del POA ............................................................................................. 99 9.3. Proceso de definición y calendarización ................................................................ 99 iii 9.4. Seguimiento y evaluación del programa operativo anual ................................. 100 10. EVALUACIÓN DE LA EFECTIVIDAD DEL MANEJO .............................................. 100 10.1 Proceso de evaluación ............................................................................................ 100 10.2 Directrices generales para evaluar la efectividad de manejo de áreas protegidas ........................................................................................................................... 102 10.3 Directrices Generales .............................................................................................. 102 10.4 Marco de referencia para evaluar la efectividad de manejo de áreas protegidas y sistemas de áreas protegidas ................................................................. 103 11. BIBLIOGRAFÍA ............................................................................................................ 104 12. ANEXOS ....................................................................................................................... 111 12.1 Anexo I. Listado Florístico y Faunístico ............................................................... 111 12.2 Anexo II. Coordenadas de Polígonos ................................................................... 139 12.2.1 Poligono general ................................................................................................ 139 12.2.2 Subzonificación ................................................................................................. 141 12.3 Anexo III. Evidencia fotográfica de las Actividades ........................................... 159 iv TABLAS Y FIGURAS Tabla 1. Datos meteorológicos de las estaciones climatológicas del ANPRG. ................................ 17 Tabla 2. Clasificación de los principales servicios ecosistémicos que brinda el Área Natural Protegida, Real de Guadalcázar. ................................................................................................... 32 Tabla 3. Total de habitantes en el municipio de Guadalcázar, S.L.P (Cefimslp, 2015-2021). .......... 38 Tabla 4. Características de las viviendas. .....................................................................................
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