PERMIAN GASTROPODS AND CHITONIS FROM PERAK, MALAYSIA PART I. CHITONS, BELLEROPHONTIDS, EUOMPHALIDS AND PLEUROTOMARIANS N ROGER L. BATTEN BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 147 ARTICLE 1 NEW YORK :1972 -4,,.-;i.,. 1-,2 -!., 19 I 1-i! .MIII I Evil PERMIAN GASTROPODS AND CHITONS FROM PERAK, MALAYSIA PART 1: CHITONS, BELLEROPHONTIDS, EUOMPHALIDS AND PLEURO TOMARIANS ROGER L. BATTEN Curator, Department ofInvertebrate Paleontology The American Museum ofNatural History BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 147: ARTICLE 1 NEW YORK : 1972 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 147, article 1, pages 1-44, figures 1-52 Issued February 7, 1972 Price: $2.30 a copy Printed in Great Britain by Lund Humphries CONTENTS ABSTRACT 5 INTRODUCTION 5 Acknowledgments. 7 Symbols and Abbreviations. 7 SYNOPTIC CLASSIFICATION 8 SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS . 10 Family Lepidopleuridae. 10 Familv Bellerophontidae. 11 Bellerophon Montfort, 1808 11 Retispira Knight, 1945. 13 Family Euomphalidae. 14 Straparollus (Euomphalus) J. Sowerby. 14 Family Eotomariidae 14 Mourlonia DeKoninck, 1883 .......... 14 Ambozone, New Genus. 15 Glabrocingulum Thomas, 1940 17 Glabrocingulum (Stenozone), New Subgenus 19 Euconospira Ulrich in Ulrich and Scofield, 1897 25 Shwedagonia Batten, 1956 ........... 25 Lacunospira Batten, 1958 27 Apachella Winters, 1956 ........... 27 Family Lophospiridae. 31 Worthenia DeKoninck, 1883. 31 Family Luciellidae . 33 Luciellina Kittl, 1900. 33 Family Gosseletinidae. 34 Platyzona Knight, 1945. 34 Family Phymatopleuridae 36 Phymatopleura Girty, 1939. 36 Borestus Thomas, 1940 ............ 36 Lamellospira Batten, 1958. 38 Paragoniozona Nelson, 1947. 39 REFERENCES CITED 41 3 ABSTRACT ONE OF THE RICHEST PERMIAN gastropod faunas of described from other regions of Southeast Asia, but Asia was found during intensive field work conducted includes genera hitherto known only from the Sosio by the Geological Survey of Malaysia. Discovered in beds of Sicily and the Permian of west Texas. The the H. S. Lee Mine No. 8 near Kampar, Perak, it Malaysian fauna is important because it gives a much rivals any known Permian fauna with the exception more complete picture of the Tethyan gastropods of the Permian of west Texas. Twenty-eight species of eastern Asia and because of important new species of bellerophontids and pleurotomarians are herein which greatly enlarges our understanding of Upper described, including one new genus, Ambozone, one Paleozoic gastropod phylogeny. The fauna also aids new subgenus, Glabrocingulum (Stenozone), and 11 new in demonstrating the existence ofmarine seaways from species. The dominant pleurotomarian family is the Sosio, Sicily eastward to Texas and possibly South Eotomariidae which is also the most diverse group in America. other Permian faunas. The fauna resembles those INTRODUCTION FROM 1948 to the present, there have been a which lies below the Misellina claudiae limestone number ofvigorous geological research programs and is presumed to be of lower Permian age conducted in Malaysia, primarily by the Geo- (Jones, Gobbett, and Kobayashi, 1966, p. 324). logical Survey of Malaysia. Much of the paleon- These species come from the Nam Loong Mine tological studies has been done by Gobbett and No.1 in the Kinta Valley about a mile and a half others at the University of Malaysia and by west of Kampar (located at MR 909358 on the paleontologists from the universities of Tokyo, Map ofMalaya, sheet 2n/9 [old series]). Kyushu, Tohoku, Kyoto, and Hokkaido in Many of the specimens are very poorly pre- Japan. An excellent review of the fossil record as served and distorted so that there is a consider- elucidated by these studies can be found inJones, able loss of information regarding the entire Gobbett, and Kobayashi (1966, pp. 309-359), fauna. However, the bias does not appear to along with a complete bibliography. affect either large- or small-sized elements. A The Permian fauna described below comes number of specimens are remarkably well from several opencast mines in the Kinta Valley preserved and have very delicate detail, such as near Kampar, Perak, Malaysia. The most fossili- ornament, growth lines, and early whorls; for ferous ofthese is Lee Mine No. 8 (Map ofMalaya example, see figure 21. Because the material is sheet 2n/9 [old series] MR 909356) approxi- fragile and powdery, handling the specimens can mately a mile and a half southwest of Kampar destroy detail. There were several periods of on the road to Tronoh Mines New Village. The alteration following deposition. The wall struc- fauna is from a light-colored limestone which ture is not preserved, and this, along with the weathers into a friable white rock resembling preservation of details, suggests that they are chalk (Jones, Gobbett, and Kobayashi, 1966, natural casts. The specimens are shot through p. 328). The fauna is dominated by gastropods, with one to three sets of fractures which were but corals, scaphopods, clams, a few brachio- filled with a different shade of calcite. Yet in pods, and cephalaopods are present along with many cases, growth lines are preserved even fusulinids. Goniatites (Stacheoceras, ?Crimites, and within the fractures. Adrianites) indicate a Middle Permian age. The gastropod fauna from the Permian of Numerous Misellina claudiae (Deprat) identified Perak, Malaysia is, with one exception, the by Ishii (1966) suggest the limestone is of late richest known from a well-documented horizon. Artinskian-early Guadalupiari age (Jones, Gob- To illustrate, the total gastropod fauna of bett, and Kobayashi, 1966, p. 328). Malaysia probably contains more than 100 The majority of the species described herein species, whereas that of the Permian of Timor come from the H. S. Lee Mine No. 8. A few has about 40 species, and that of Cambodia species are described from a dark limestone about 60 species. The Sosio fauna from Sicily 5 6 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 147 contains about 20 species of pleurotomarians, from the nearly identical Lamellospira conica whereas the Permian of Cambodia has about 13; Batten, 1958 in some minor ornamental features. this fauna from Perak has 22 species. By far the Euconospira spiroperforata Batten, 1958, and Retis- richest fauna comes from the Permian of west pira lyelli (Gemmellaro) are represented in both Texas where about 80 pleurotomarian species faunas. There can be no doubt that there was are known (most are undescribed), 36 species gene flow between the two areas. alone come from a single horizon in the Lower The subgenus G. (Stenozone) represents an Guadalupian Lower Getaway Limestone. Al- interesting radiation within the genus Glabro- though there are a few species in common with cingulum utilizing a combination of characters other faunas, such as those ofwestern and eastern not seen before. The derivation of this cluster is Australia, the character of the Malaysian fauna uncertain, there is no morphotype within the (in terms of the pleurotomarians) is strikingly other two subgenera (G. Glabrocingulum and G. different from any known. Ananias) throughout their stratigraphic range to Some of the genera, such as Bellerophon, suggest a relationship. The earliest known species Retispira, Straparollus (Euomphalus), Glabrocingulum G. (S.) argentinus (Reed), 1927, from the Upper (Glabrocingulum), Worthenia, Platyzona, Borestus, Carboniferous of Central Patagonia indicates and Phymatopleura are common elements in that the morphotype became isolated and evolv- most Permian faunas of the world. Several ed in the Gondwana fauna province. All highly distinctive genera and one subgenus in the individuals known are very large-sized, at least Malaysian fauna are found elsewhere only in the twice as large as any known of the other two Permian of west Texas and in the "Carbonif- groups. erous" of South America. Glabrocingulum (Steno- Another interesting genus from the Malay- zone) has recently been described by Sabattini sian Permian is Apachella, originally described and Noirat (1969) from the upper "Tepuel from the Permian of Arizona (Winters, 1963). System" of central Patagonia, apparently of Two species from the fauna show incipient Upper Carboniferous age. This is, to my know- siphonal canals (A. bathysiphon, new species and ledge, the only occurrence of this subgenus Apachella species B); whereas this feature is outside of Southeast Asia. In addition to the known in the murchisonids, it is unknown among Cambodian species, Lacunospira Batten, 1958 pleurotomarians. Because of the nature of the and Lamellospira Batten, 1958 are known only gills in pleurotomarians, it is difficult to con- from the Permian of west Texas. Shwedagonia ceive that an inhalant siphon was functional in Batten, 1958 has been reported from the Maping the usual sense (that is, for permitting a snail Limestone of Kweichow Province, China by to live on soft substrate by raising the siphon Grabau (S. wongi); from the Sosio Beds of above sediment-rich water or to be buried in Sicily by Gemmellaro (S. mariana); and from sediment). It possibly served as a sensing organ. the Permian ofwest Texas by Batten (S. elegans). Another feature found in Apachella species B The new genus Ambozone is present in North is the presence of varices which are rarely American Upper Carboniferous and A. ras- found in Paleozoic snail taxa. musseni, new species, is the first Permian species Nonpleurotomarians within the fauna also known. show many features associated with Mesozoic One of the most striking observations made groups. No attempt will be made here to discuss during the present study is the remarkable these since, at present, their study has not pro- resemblance of several Malaysian species to gressed far enough. Analysis and comparisons species found in the Permian of west Texas. of the entire fauna will be included in the sum- Shwedagonia collabra, new species is almost identi- mary at the end ofthe systematics section. cal to S. elegans Batten, 1956, which is most MEASUREMENTS: Although this fauna is rich commonly encountered in the Artinskian and in diversity, the samples of most species are Kazanian. The only noticeable difference is the very small.