5-Lipoxygenase: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Central Nervous System Disorders
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1Β IL-12 Receptor Viral Inflammation Are Mediated Through Macrophage
IL-12 p40 Homodimer-Dependent Macrophage Chemotaxis and Respiratory Viral Inflammation Are Mediated through IL-12 Receptor β1 This information is current as of September 24, 2021. Tonya D. Russell, Qingyun Yan, Guangshun Fan, Anthony P. Khalifah, D. Keith Bishop, Steven L. Brody and Michael J. Walter J Immunol 2003; 171:6866-6874; ; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.12.6866 Downloaded from http://www.jimmunol.org/content/171/12/6866 References This article cites 63 articles, 41 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/ http://www.jimmunol.org/content/171/12/6866.full#ref-list-1 Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists by guest on September 24, 2021 • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2003 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology IL-12 p40 Homodimer-Dependent Macrophage Chemotaxis and Respiratory Viral Inflammation Are Mediated through IL-12 Receptor 11 Tonya D. Russell,* Qingyun Yan,* Guangshun Fan,* Anthony P. -
Medication Coverage Policy
MEDICATION COVERAGE POLICY PHARMACY AND THERAPEUTICS ADVISORY COMMITTEE POLICY: Asthma/COPD P&T DATE 12/14/2016 CLASS: Respiratory Disorders REVIEW HISTORY 9/15, 5/15, 9/14, 2/13, LOB: Medi-Cal, SJHA (MONTH/YEAR) 5/12 This policy has been developed through review of medical literature, consideration of medical necessity, generally accepted medical practice standards, and approved by the HPSJ Pharmacy and Therapeutic Advisory Committee. OVERVIEW Asthma is a reversible, chronic, inflammatory disorder that involves narrowing of the respiratory airways leading to wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Inhaled corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy and the goal of treatment is to reverse airway obstruction and maintain respiratory control. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is another chronic airway disorder. Unlike asthma, COPD is not reversible. The goal of COPD management is to slow disease progression. COPD is managed with a combination of inhaled corticosteroids and anticholinergics. Some patients exhibit both features of asthma and COPD; this is called Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS). The below criteria, limits, and requirements for asthma & COPD agents are in place to ensure appropriate use and to help members achieve control of their Asthma or COPD. Table 1: Available Asthma/COPD Medications (Current as of 9/2016) Average Therapeutic Generic Name Strength & Dosage Formulary Cost per Limits Notes/Restriction Language Class (Brand Name) form 30 days* Single Agents Limit 2 inhalers per 30 days; Limit 7 -
Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation and Management of Adults and Children with Asthma
Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation and Management of Adults and Children with Asthma Color Key n Four Components of Asthma Care n Classifying Asthma Severity, Assessing Asthma Control and the Stepwise Approach for Managing Asthma in Children Aged 0– 4 years n Classifying Asthma Severity, Assessing Asthma Control and the Stepwise Approach for Managing Asthma in Children Aged 5–11 years n Classifying Asthma Severity, Assessing Asthma Control and the Stepwise Approach for Managing Asthma in Children >12 Years of Age & Adults n Long-Term Control Medications: Estimated Comparative Daily Dosages n Long-Term Control Medications: Usual Dosages n Quick-Relief Medications Guidelines are intended to be flexible. They serve as recommendations, not rigid criteria. Guidelines should be followed in most cases, but depending on the patient, and the circumstances, guidelines may need to be tailored to fit individual needs. 4750 11/18 Contents Criteria that suggest the diagnosis of asthma . 3 Goal of Therapy: Control of Asthma . 3 Four Components of Asthma Care 1. Assessment and Monitoring of Asthma Severity and Control . 4 2. Education for a Partnership in Care . 5 3. Control of Environmental Factors and Co-morbid Conditions that Affect Asthma . 5 4. Medications . 6 Bibliography . 6 Classifying Asthma Severity & Initiating Treatment in Children 0– 4 Years of Age . 7 Assessing Asthma Control & Adjusting Therapy in Children 0– 4 Years of Age . 7 Stepwise Approach for Managing Asthma in Children 0– 4 Years of Age . 8 Classifying Asthma Severity & Initiating Treatment in Children 5–11 Years of Age . 9 Assessing Asthma Control & Adjusting Therapy in Children 5–11 Years of Age . -
Engineering 3D Systems with Tunable Mechanical Properties to Mimic the Tumor Microenvironment Shalini Raj Unnikandam Veettil Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2018 Engineering 3D systems with tunable mechanical properties to mimic the tumor microenvironment Shalini Raj Unnikandam Veettil Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Chemical Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Unnikandam Veettil, Shalini Raj, "Engineering 3D systems with tunable mechanical properties to mimic the tumor microenvironment" (2018). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 17339. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17339 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Engineering 3D systems with tunable mechanical properties to mimic the tumor microenvironment by Shalini Raj Unnikandam Veettil A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Chemical Engineering Program of Study Committee: Ian C Schneider, Major Professor Kaitlin Bratlie Michael Bartlett The student author, whose presentation of the scholarship herein was approved by the program of study committee, is solely responsible for the content of this thesis. The Graduate College will ensure this thesis is globally accessible and will not permit alterations after a degree is conferred. Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2018 Copyright © Shalini Raj Unnikandam Veettil, 2018. All rights reserved. ii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my family and friends who have been a great source of support. -
Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER UNEP 2006 REPORT OF THE MEDICAL TECHNICAL OPTIONS COMMITTEE 2006 ASSESSMENT UNEP 2006 REPORT OF THE MEDICAL TECHNICAL OPTIONS COMMITTEE 2006 ASSESSMENT 2006 MTOC Assessment Report iii Montreal Protocol On Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Report of the UNEP Medical Technical Options Committee 2006 Assessment ASSESSMENT REPORT The text of this report is composed in Times New Roman. Co-ordination: Medical Technical Options Committee Composition and layout: Helen Tope Reproduction: UNON Nairobi Date: January 2007 Under certain conditions, printed copies of this report are available from: UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME Ozone Secretariat, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya This document is also available in portable document format from the UNEP Ozone Secretariat's website: http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/TEAP/Reports/MTOC/ No copyright involved. This publication may be freely copied, abstracted and cited, with acknowledgement of the source of the material. ISBN: 978-92-807-2828-6 Job No: OZO/0954/NA Cover photograph © Luo Hong. iv 2006 MTOC Assessment Report Disclaimer The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) Co-chairs and members, the Technical Options Committees Co-chairs and members, the TEAP Task Forces Co-chairs and members, and the companies and organisations that employ them do not endorse the performance, worker safety, or environmental acceptability of any of the technical options discussed. Every industrial operation requires consideration of worker safety and proper disposal of contaminants and waste products. Moreover, as work continues - including additional toxicity evaluation - more information on health, environmental and safety effects of alternatives and replacements will become available for use in selecting among the options discussed in this document. -
Comparison of Effect of Leukotriene Biosynthesis Blockers and Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase Enzyme in Patients with Bronchial Hyperreactivity
ID Design Press, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018 May 20; 6(5):777-781. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.187 eISSN: 1857-9655 Clinical Science Comparison of Effect of Leukotriene Biosynthesis Blockers and Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase Enzyme in Patients with Bronchial Hyperreactivity Naim Morina1, Arsim Haliti1, Ali Iljazi2, Drita Islami3, Sadi Bexheti4, Adnan Bozalija1*, Hilmi Islami3 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo; 2Kosovo Occupational Health Institute, Gjakovo, Kosovo; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Kosovo; 4Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Kosovo Abstract Citation: Morina N, Haliti A, Iljazi A, Islami D, Bexheti S, AIM: Blocking effect of leukotriene biosynthesis–zileuton and blocking the effect of phosphodiesterase enzyme– Bozalija A, Islami H. Comparison of Effect of Leukotriene diprophylline in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma and bronchial increased reactivity, and tiotropium Biosynthesis Blockers and Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase Enzyme in Patients with Bronchial bromide as an antagonist of the muscarinic receptor studied in this work. Hyperreactivity. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018 May 20; 6(5):777-781. METHODS: Parameters of the lung function are determined with Body plethysmography. The resistance of the https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.187 airways (Raw) was registered and measured was intrathoracic gas volume (ITGV), and specific resistance Keywords: Bronchial asthma; Zileuton; Diprophylline and tiotropium bromide (SRaw) was also calculated. For the research, administered was zileuton (tabl. 600 mg) and diprophylline (tabl. 150 mg). *Correspondence: Adnan Bozalija. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo. -
FDA Briefing Document Pulmonary-Allergy Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting
FDA Briefing Document Pulmonary-Allergy Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting August 31, 2020 sNDA 209482: fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol fixed dose combination to reduce all-cause mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease NDA209482/S-0008 PADAC Clinical and Statistical Briefing Document Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol fixed dose combination for all-cause mortality DISCLAIMER STATEMENT The attached package contains background information prepared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the panel members of the advisory committee. The FDA background package often contains assessments and/or conclusions and recommendations written by individual FDA reviewers. Such conclusions and recommendations do not necessarily represent the final position of the individual reviewers, nor do they necessarily represent the final position of the Review Division or Office. We have brought the supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) 209482, for fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol, as an inhaled fixed dose combination, for the reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with COPD, to this Advisory Committee in order to gain the Committee’s insights and opinions, and the background package may not include all issues relevant to the final regulatory recommendation and instead is intended to focus on issues identified by the Agency for discussion by the advisory committee. The FDA will not issue a final determination on the issues at hand until input from the advisory committee process has been considered -
The Role of 5-Lipoxygenase in Pathophysiology and Management of Neuropathic Pain
REVIEW ARTICLE THE ROLE OF 5-LIPOXYGENASE IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN Pascanus Lamsihar PT∗, Faldi Yaputra∗∗, Jimmy FA Barus4 and I Putu Eka Widyadharma∗∗,1 ∗Department of Neurology, Provincial Mental Hospital, West Borneo, Indonesia., ∗∗Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University-Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia., 4Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta-Indonesia. ABSTRACT Neuropathic pain (NP) is a pain caused by lesions in the nervous system. Several causes of NP are traumatic, metabolic disorders, ischemia, toxins, infections, immune-related, and hereditary. The pathophysiology of NP is very complicated and unknown entirely. Therefore the treatment of NP is still unsatisfactory. Recent studies believed the critical role of primary inflammatory mediators in the pathophysiology of NP especially leukotrienes (LTs). The 5- lipoxygenase enzyme (5-LOX) is an enzyme that plays a role in the metabolism of arachidonic acid into LTs. Leukotrienes (LTs) are the essential inflammatory mediators in the pathophysiology of NP. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) can cause chemotaxis on neutrophils, lowering nociceptors threshold and may contribute to NP. Several studies believed the administration of 5-LOX inhibitors or LTs receptor antagonists could be useful in the management of NP. The purpose of this review is to summarize the involvement of 5-LOX enzyme as an essential role in the pathophysiology and management of NP. KEYWORDS 5-lipoxygenase, leukotrienes, -
Intracolonic Administration of Zileuton, a Selective 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor, Accelerates Healing in a Rat Model of Chronic Colitis
Gut 1996; 38: 899-904 899 Intracolonic administration of zileuton, a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, accelerates healing in a rat model of chronic colitis Gut: first published as 10.1136/gut.38.6.899 on 1 June 1996. Downloaded from X Bertran, J Mafe', F Fernandez-Bafiares, E Castella, R Bartoli, I Ojanguren, M Esteve, M A Gassull Abstract models of colitis that the concentration of Background-5-Lipoxygenase products leukotrienes (mainly leukotriene B4 (LTB4)) in play a part in inflammatory response. the inflamed mucosa is within the range known Aims-The effect of intracolonic admini- to induce biological effects (chemokinesis, cell stration of zileuton (a 5-lipoxygenase aggregation, increasing of vascular permeabil- inhibitor) on colonic damage and ity), and these concentrations are similar to eicosanoid local release was assessed in a those seen in human IBD.2-7 In addition, rat model ofcolitis. drugs known to be effective in the treatment of Methods-Ninety rats with trinitroben- IBD are capable of reducing intestinal zenesulphonic acid induced colitis were leukotriene production in both experimental randomised to receive placebo, 5-amino- models of colitis and human IBD.36 On the salicylic acid (50 mglkg), or zileuton other hand, administration ofpotent and selec- (50 mg/kg) intracolonically for four weeks. tive inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis results Local eicosanoid release was monitored in a reduction of macroscopic and histological by intracolonic dialysis throughout the colonic damage in experimental colitis.6 8-11 study. The colon was removed for macro- Zileuton, N-(1-(benzo[b]thien-2-yl)ethyl)- scopic and histological assessment at N-hydroxyurea (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott weeks 1, 2, and 4 after colitis induction in Park, IL), is a drug that selectively inhibits the 10 rats of each group. -
Planarian Behavior: a Student-Designed Laboratory Exercise
Planarian Behavior: A Student-Designed Laboratory Exercise Linda T. Collins and Brent W. Harker Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga, TN 37403 [email protected] Reprinted From: Collins, L. T. and B. W. Harker. 1999. Planarian behavior: A student-designed laboratory exercise. Pages 375-379, in Tested studies for laboratory teaching, Volume 20 (S. J. Karcher, Editor). Proceedings of the 20th Workshop/Conference of the Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), 399 pages. - Copyright policy: http://www.zoo.utoronto.ca/able/volumes/copyright.htm Although the laboratory exercises in ABLE proceedings volumes have been tested and due consideration has been given to safety, individuals performing these exercises must assume all responsibility for risk. The Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE) disclaims any liability with regards to safety in connection with the use of the exercises in its proceedings volumes. © Linda T. Collins and Brent W. Harker Objectives 1. Know that different types of stimuli can affect planarian movement. 2. Distinguish between kinesis and taxis. 3. After preliminary observations, state a hypothesis to predict or explain planarian movement in response to an external stimulus. Test the hypothesis and reach a conclusion. Introduction Planarians are in the flatworm phylum, Platyhelminthes. Most planarians are free-living and are common in freshwater habitats. They are also found in marine and terrestrial environments. Planarians display bilateral symmetry, meaning the right and left halves are approximately mirror images of each other. The nervous system of planarians consists of an anterior “brain” consisting of large ganglia. Two ventral nerve cords run the length of the body from the ganglia. -
Monteleucast and Zileuton Retard the Progression of Atherosclerosis Via Down Regulation of the Inflammatory and Oxidative Pathwa
& Experim l e ca n i t in a l l C C f a Journal of Clinical & Experimental Hadi et al., J Clin Exp Cardiolog 2013, 4:6 o r d l i a o DOI: 10.4172/2155-9880.1000250 n l o r g u y o J Cardiology ISSN: 2155-9880 Research Article Open Access Monteleucast and Zileuton Retard the Progression of Atherosclerosis via Down Regulation of the Inflammatory and Oxidative Pathways Najah R Hadi1*, Bassim I Mohammad2, Ahmad Almudhafer1, Naser Yousif3 and Ahmed M Sultan2 1Kufa College of Medicine, Iraq 2Al-Qadesiyah University, Iraq 3Colorado University, USA Abstract Background: Atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications are responsible for remarkably high numbers of deaths. Leukotrines are involved in different stages of atherosclerosis. Therefore this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of montelukast and zileuton on the progression of atherosclerosis. Materials and methods: Thirty-five male rabbits were used in this study. These animals randomized into 5 groups (7 rabbits each). Rabbits in first group were maintained on normal rabbit chow diet and used as normal diet control group (NC). While the rabbits in other four groups were fed on atherogenic diet (2% cholesterol) for 8 weeks. The second group, Atherogenic Control Group (AC) rabbits received atherogenic diet alone. Third group, Positive Control Group (PC) rabbits received atherogenic diet and ethanol as vehicle. Forth group, Montelukast Treated Group (MT) rabbits received montelukast 1.5 mg per kg daily and the fifth group, Zileuton Treated Group (ZT) rabbits received zileuton 150 mg per kg daily. At the end of 8th weeks animals were sacrificed, blood sample was collected to measure the following parameters: lipid profile, plasma GSH, MDA, and hsCRP. -
PGE2 Signaling Via the Neuronal EP2 Receptor Increases Injury in a Model of Cerebral Ischemia
PGE2 signaling via the neuronal EP2 receptor increases injury in a model of cerebral ischemia Qingkun Liua, Xibin Liangb, Qian Wanga, Edward N. Wilsona, Rachel Lamb, Jing Wanga, William Kongc, Connie Tsaia, Tingting Pana, Paul B. Larkina, Mehrdad Shamloob, and Katrin I. Andreassona,d,e,1 aDepartment of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; bDepartment of Neurosurgery, Comparative Medicine, and Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; cInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; dStanford Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and eStanford Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Edited by Solomon H. Snyder, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, and approved April 9, 2019 (received for review November 4, 2018) The inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP2 receptor is a master innate immunity (11), AD (4, 5, 12, 13), Parkinson’s disease (PD) suppressor of beneficial microglial function, and myeloid EP2 signal- (14, 15), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (16). More recently, ing ablation reduces pathology in models of inflammatory neurode- studies using myeloid cell conditional knockout strategies identified generation. Here, we investigated the role of PGE2 EP2 signaling in a EP2 receptor-driven pathologic microglial responses in models of model of stroke in which the initial cerebral ischemic event is fol- innate immunity, PD, and AD (4, 12, 15) where ablation of a lowed by an extended poststroke inflammatory response. Myeloid microglial EP2 receptor increased microglial chemotaxis and lineage cell-specific EP2 knockdown in Cd11bCre;EP2lox/lox mice at- phagocytosis and suppressed proinflammatory gene expression, tenuated brain infiltration of Cd11b+CD45hi macrophages and synaptic injury, and memory deficits.