DOCSLIB.ORG

HIGHLIGHTS of SLOVENIA Walking from Two Centres in the Julian Alps

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

TOUR CODE: 29000 G R A D E : D + A N D C 2 LEADER 2 GRADES JULY - AUGUST 2016 Jun 17 - Jul 01 Jul 01 - Jul 15 Jul 15 - Jul 29 Aug 05 - Aug 19 Two Week Duration HIGHLIGHTS OF SLOVENIA Walking from two centres in the Julian Alps © Ramblers Worldwide Holidays 2015 HOLI DAY INFORMATION TOUR DESCRIPTION This information is in addition to our General Information Booklet, which is enclosed. Slovenia, situated in the heart of Europe and bordered by Italy, Austria, Hungary and Croatia, has much to offer walkers and nature lovers. Having declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 and after some difficult years during the 1990s, the country has bounced back to become a popular tourist destination. Despite this new found status, the country remains unchanged and unaffected by the huge crowds of tourists such as those that descend on the French and Austrian Alps. The region we will explore is that of the Julian Alps, a beautiful alpine area with stunning scenery and populated by friendly locals. At the Eastern end of the range, the Alps spill over into northern Slovenia and here, in the Julian Alps, some first class hiking can be enjoyed. This new holiday allows every opportunity to see the best that this area has to offer. Our two centres for this holiday are located in the north west, not very far from mountain passes that lead into Italy and Austria. Our first centre is Bohinj, a delightful mountain village in an enviable location; next to the picturesque Lake Bohinj and overlooked by Triglav (2864m), the highest mountain in Slovenia. Our time here will be spent walking in the landscapes around this peak amongst beautiful foothills, deep valleys and gorges, waterfalls and lakes. Our second centre is Kranjska Gora, beautifully situated in the Sava Dolinka Valley. A popular ski resort in winter, this mountain village is ideally placed for all levels of walking and has some fantastic higher level walking in the summer months. There are alpine forests, open meadows and lush green valleys, most of which are accessible by well maintained and signed paths – some even lead to mountain huts. We can take the occasional lunch at a hut and sit back to enjoy the views. © Ramblers Worldwide Holidays 2015 ITINERARY Day: Overnight Daily itinerary: Meals: accommodation: 1: Bohinj Travel to Slovenia and transfer by road to Bohinj. D 2: B,D 3: B,D 4: Bohinj Walking from Bohinj. B,D 5: B,D 6: B,D 7: B,D 8: Kranjska Gora Travel by road to Kranjska Gora. B,D 9: B,D 10: B,D 11: Kranjska Gora Walking from Kranjska Gora. B,D 12: B,D 13: B,D 14: B,D 15: Return flight to the U.K B D (Dinner) B (Breakfast) 2x WALKS, 2x LEADERS, 2x GRADES On ‘2x Walks, 2x Leaders, 2x Grades’ departures, where we provide two tour leaders and offer a choice of easier or harder walks each day, we hope to be able to accommodate your choice of walk. However safety considerations do govern the sizes of groups in each walking grade; the minimum number of participants for a guided walk at a given grade and the maximum group size will be as indicated in our brochures. On most departures we are able to accommodate most clients’ first choice of walk most of the time, however some flexibility and co-operation may be required. In unusual circumstances where a disproportionately high number of clients wish to walk at one grade, for safety reasons, we may not be able to provide you with your choice of walk each day. Although we will endeavour to accommodate as many clients’ choices as possible, it may be necessary for you to switch between higher and lower grade walks during the holiday. Any decision regarding group sizes and the participants in the day’s walking programme rests with our tour leader(s). HOLIDAY GRADE & WALKING PROGRAMME This holiday is graded D+ & C. A good head for heights is essential for walking in this area. This is mountainous country with some classic mountain tracks. Each evening, the leader will discuss the programme for the following day with you. Should you not wish to join the party, please let the leader know. © Ramblers Worldwide Holidays 2015 Please note: There will be some free time – details will be confirmed locally by your tour leader. An example of some of the walks we may include in our programme (dependant on weather conditions and the ability of the group) are as follows: Bohinj D+ grade walks ~ Cliffs of Krma. A great walk with very impressive views and interesting rock formations. The first part of the walk is fairly strenuous (steep climb to Zlata Voda) but most of the rest is on good easy paths (except a short very steep scree slope) to the top of Mrežce. Ascent/Descent 600m; 7 miles; 4 hours ~ Rudnica Circuit “Valleys and Villages”. A pleasant and easy walk through rural scenery with good views all the way between Brod and Stara Fužina Ascent/Descent 200m; 10.5 miles; 6 hours Bohinj C grade walks ~ Visevnik & Cliffs of Krma. A high level mountain walk through spectacular scenery including the Triglav group. Generally above the forest the going is fairly rough and rocky with some easy scrambling and moderate exposure in places. Views are stunning! There are two opportunities to take short cuts. Ascent/Descent 900m; 7 miles; 5.5 hours ~ Vogel. A short but tough walk which may take some clients by surprise (exposed passage, scree slope). Stunning views but needs clear weather (no point in doing if low cloud base). Ascent/Descent 950m; 6 miles; 6 ¾ hours Kranjska Gora D+ grade walks ~ Srednji Vrh and Martuljuk Falls. A great walk with wonderful panoramic views of the Spik massif across the valley. There is the option to extend the Martuljuk falls and the idyllic meadows at Brunarica pri Ingotu. Ascent/Descent 500m; 12 miles; 6 ½ hours ~ Slap Pericnik and Triglav North Wall. A wonderful walk into the heart of the Triglav massif. Plenty of interest along the way: the delightful mint green Bistrica river, the splendid waterfall at Peričnik, the impressive overhangs of the “galerije” path and the colossal North Wall of Triglav. Ascent 550m/Descent 250m; 12 miles; 7 ½ hours Kranjska Gora C grade walks ~ Three Countries. A lower level walk thorugh forest, villages, meadows and a Karawanken viewpoint into Austria. Visit the 3 countries Tromeja Peace Memorial. Ascent/Descent 1000m ; 10.5 miles; 5 ½ hours © Ramblers Worldwide Holidays 2015 ~Čiprnik. A short walk making use of the local chairlift. Easy walking along a forested ridge and mild scrambling to an excellent viewpoint on Čiprnik. This is followed by a challenging descent to the Planica valley. Ascent 300m/Descent 1000m ; 8 miles; 5 hours PERSONAL EXPENDITURE Travel costs in conjunction with the programme of walks may vary depending on the size of our party and weather conditions, please allow approximately £50-£60 per person per week. Any local excursions taken will be at additional cost. Please note that the estimation of local costs relating to this holiday is based on currency exchange rates valid in September 2015. Any fluctuations in exchange rates may impact on this estimation of local costs. Please check with your bank or foreign currency provider prior to your holiday to enable you to plan your spending. TRAVEL INFORMATION Flights: or London Stansted to Ljubljana and return with Easyjet. Baggage allowance will be confirmed in your travel documents, sent approximately 10 days prior to departure. Travel in Slovenia will be by road. Travel between the airport and hotels and between each centre is by road. All these transfers take approximately 1½ hrs. If you are joining or leaving the party in Slovenia it is assumed that you will meet the party at the Hotel Jezero at Bohinj and leave the party at the Ramada Hotel & Suites at Kranjska Gora. If this is not your plan please let us know in writing at least 5 weeks before departure. PASSPORTS & VISAS Please refer to Section 2 of the enclosed General Information Booklet. It is a good idea to carry photocopies of the personal details pages of your passport. Should you lose your passport, this may assist with the issue of replacement documents and your return to the UK. Please also take your European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) with you - it will help in the event of an emergency. See section 1 of our General Information Booklet for further details. Please note that passport, visa and health requirements can change at any time. It is your own responsibility to ensure that you inform yourself from a professionally qualified source on, and comply with, such requirements. Advice on vaccinations is available from your GP, or can be obtained from the Medical Advisory Services for Travellers Abroad (MASTA). In addition, general travel advice is available from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office at www.fco.gov.uk/travel. © Ramblers Worldwide Holidays 2015 LOCAL CURRENCY The local currency in Slovenia is the euro. Please refer to Section 2 of our General Information Booklet for details. There is a bank in Bohinj and in Kranjska Gora. Both hotels accept most major credit cards but do not have currency exchange facilities and they are not able to exchange travellers’ cheques. ACCOMMODATION AND MEALS We stay in twin and single bedded rooms with private facilities at the following hotels. The electricity supply is 220V AC. Room facilities include free wi-fi, tv, minibar, safe and hairdryer. Hotel Jezero**** Ramada Hotel and Suites**** Ribcev Laz 51 Borovska 93 4265 Bohinjsko Jezero 4280 Kranjska Gora Slovenia Slovenia Tel: 00386 4 572 91 00 Tel: 00 386 4 588 44 00 Web: www.hotel-jezero.si Web: www.ramada.com Breakfasts and dinners are included in the holiday charge.
Recommended publications
  • Slovenian Alps

    Slovenian Alps

    SLOVENIAN ALPS Mangart, Photo by Bor Rojnik Slovenian Alps are truly remarkable, easily discovered by road as well as by trails suitable for hikers and cyclists. Marvellous panoramas, blooming meadows, alpine pastures and forests are surely never to be forgotten and are one of the most fascinating tourist spots in Slovenia. The high summits of the Julian Alps, the Karavanken chain and the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, open up amazing panoramas of the surrounding territory. It is hardly to find such a blooming meadows, alpine pastures and forests, elsewhere in the world within easy reach. The Julian Alps are a mountain range of the great Alps that stretches from northeastern Italy to Slovenia. They cover an estimated 4400 km², of which 1542 km² lies in Slovenia, and rise to 2,864 m at Mount Triglav, the highest peak in Slovenia. The entire mountain range constitutes about 150 mountains and is divided into two sections - the Western Julian Alps and the Eastern Julian Alps. 1 The Triglav National Park, boasting a number of peculiarities, is the largest and the earliest protected natural heritage site in the country. It is located in the north-west of Slovenia, more precisely in the Julian Alps. The park was named after the highest mountain of Slovenia, the Triglav, which is located nearly at the center of the park. It is the only National Park in Slovenia and among the earliest European parks. Pokljuka, is the southernmost highland marsh in Europe and a natural habitat of sphagnum moss. Near Kranjska Gora you can find nature reserve, the Zelenci, whom lakes provide Sava Dolinka with its source.
  • Reka SAVA DOLINKA in BELCA ČN Tabre in MČN Belca (Stalni Letni Monitoring Od Leta 2001)

    Reka SAVA DOLINKA in BELCA ČN Tabre in MČN Belca (Stalni Letni Monitoring Od Leta 2001)

    LABORATORY OF PLANT CYTOGENETICS Use of Allium M test for purpose of establishing quality of waters; since 1998 LABORATORIJ ZA RASTLINSKO APLIKATIVNO CITOGENETIKO Testna rastlina: navadna čebula (Allium cepa L.) Splošna strupenost (dolžina korenin) in genotoksičnost (indukcija kromosomskih poškodb) Reka SAVA DOLINKA in BELCA ČN Tabre in MČN Belca (stalni letni monitoring od leta 2001) Naročnik: Občina Kranjska Gora Kolodvorska 1b, SI – 4280 Kranjska Gora April 2015 Testno poročilo z rezultati raziskav obsega 9 strani, 2 preglednici in 4 fotografije 1 LABORATORY OF PLANT CYTOGENETICS Use of Allium M test for purpose of establishing quality of waters; since 1998 PROTOKOL METODE ALLIUM METAFAZNI GENOTOKSIČNI TEST ZA TESTIRANJE OKOLJSKIH VZORCEV, KEMIKALIJ IN PITNE VODE Peter Firbas, univ. dipl. biol., Zasebni raziskovalec, Laboratorij za rastlinsko citogenetiko E-pošta: [email protected] 1. Uvod ALLIUM metafazni test je test za ugotavljanje splošne celične strupenosti (citotoksičnosti) in ravni genotoksičnosti v vodnih, kopenskih in zračnih ekosistemih, kjer dokazujemo potencialne genotoksične snovi. Test je kratkotrajen in pokaže usklajen in celokupen učinek onesnaževanja in medsebojno delovanje med testno rastlino (Allium cepa L.) in potencialnimi genotoksiki, nato se še rezultati statistično ovrednotijo. Rezultate raziskav s statistično kalkulacijo prikazuje Fisher’s Exact Test. V 2x2 frekvenčnih tabelah dvosmerna p-vrednost determinira statistično značilnost ali neznačilnost dveh kategoričnih vzorcev. Biološki test ALLIUM ali čebulni test razkriva celosten vpliv na rast in razvoj živih celic ali organizmov ter zaznava prisotnost škodljivih snovi v koncentracijah, ki so bistveno nižje od 1 ppb (part per billion – en del snovi na eno milijardo raztopine ali 1 µg na liter ali kilogram). Od približno 700 prepoznavnih snovi, ki se lahko znajdejo na primer v pitni vodi, jih z običajnimi fizikalno-kemijskimi analizami nadzorujemo le okrog 10 odstotkov (Vir: EU Chemical Bureau, Natural Resources Defence Council: Think before you drink).
  • JULIAN ALPS TRIGLAV NATIONAL PARK 2The Julian Alps

    JULIAN ALPS TRIGLAV NATIONAL PARK 2The Julian Alps

    1 JULIAN ALPS TRIGLAV NATIONAL PARK www.slovenia.info 2The Julian Alps The Julian Alps are the southeast- ernmost part of the Alpine arc and at the same time the mountain range that marks the border between Slo- venia and Italy. They are usually divided into the East- ern and Western Julian Alps. The East- ern Julian Alps, which make up approx- imately three-quarters of the range and cover an area of 1,542 km2, lie entirely on the Slovenian side of the border and are the largest and highest Alpine range in Slovenia. The highest peak is Triglav (2,864 metres), but there are more than 150 other peaks over 2,000 metres high. The emerald river Soča rises on one side of the Julian Alps, in the Primorska re- gion; the two headwaters of the river Sava – the Sava Dolinka and the Sava Bohinjka – rise on the other side, in the Gorenjska region. The Julian Alps – the kingdom of Zlatorog According to an ancient legend a white chamois with golden horns lived in the mountains. The people of the area named him Zlatorog, or “Goldhorn”. He guarded the treasures of nature. One day a greedy hunter set off into the mountains and, ignoring the warnings, tracked down Zlatorog and shot him. Blood ran from his wounds Chamois The Triglav rose and fell to the ground. Where it landed, a miraculous plant, the Triglav rose, sprang up. Zlatorog ate the flowers of this plant and its magical healing powers made him invulnerable. At the same time, however, he was saddened by the greed of human beings.
  • TRIGLAV NATIONAL PARK (Slovenia)

    TRIGLAV NATIONAL PARK (Slovenia)

    Strasbourg, 6 January 2003 PE-S-DE (2002) 22 [diplome/docs/2003/de06e_03] English only Committee for the activities of the Council of Europe in the field of biological and landscape diversity (CO-DBP) Group of specialists – European Diploma of Protected Areas 20-21 January 2003 Room 2, Palais de l'Europe, Strasbourg TRIGLAV NATIONAL PARK (Slovenia) APPLICATION for the European Diploma of Protected Areas Document established by the Directorate of Culture and Cultural and Natural Heritage This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. Ce document ne sera plus distribué en réunion. Prière de vous munir de cet exemplaire. PE-S-DE (2003) 22 - 2 - INFORMATION FORM FOR NEW APPLICATION FOR THE EUROPEAN DIPLOMA OF PROTECTED AREAS Council of Europe European Diploma Information form for Candidate Sites This form is also available on diskette Site code (to be given by the Council of Europe) 1. SITE IDENTIFICATION 1.1. SITE NAME Triglavski narodni park 1.2. COUNTRY Slovenija 1.3. DATE CANDIDATURE 1.4. SITE INFORMATION COMPILATION DATE Y Y Y Y M M D D - 3 - PE-S-DE (2003) 22 1.5. ADDRESSES: administrative authorities National authority Regional authority Local authority Name: Name: Name: Javni zavod Triglavski Address: Address: narodni park Address: Triglavski narodni park, Kidričeva 2, 4260 Bled, Slovenija Tel. +386 4 5780 200 ............. Tel.......................................... Tel. ......................................... Fax.+ 386 4 5780 201............. Fax. ........................................ Fax.........................................
  • Naslednja Stran

    Naslednja Stran

    LAND DEGRADATION IN A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT: CHALLENGES OF LAND MANAGEMENT AT THE CONTACT OF FOUR MAJOR EUROPEAN GEOGRAPHICAL UNITS BOOK OF ABSTRACTS AND FIELD GUIDE Commission on Land Degradation and Desertification (COMLAND) of the International Geographical Union (IGU) Meeting and Field Trip in Slovenia June 23rd–June 27th, 2016 LJUBLJANA 2016 LAND DEGRADATION IN A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT: CHALLENGES OF LAND MANAGEMENT AT THE CONTACT OF FOUR MAJOR EUROPEAN GEOGRAPHICAL UNITS BOOK OF ABSTRACTS AND FIELD GUIDE Commission on Land Degradation and Desertification (COMLAND) of the International Geographical Union (IGU) Meeting and Field Trip in Slovenia June 23rd–June 27th, 2016 Edited by: MATIJA ZORN MATEJA FERK JURE TIČAR PRIMOŽ GAŠPERIČ LJUBLJANA 2016 LAND DEGRADATION IN A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT: CHALLENGES OF LAND MANAGEMENT AT THE CONTACT OF FOUR MAJOR EUROPEAN GEOGRAPHICAL UNITS: BOOK OF ABSTRACTS AND FIELD GUIDE © 2016, Geografski inštitut Antona Melika ZRC SAZU Edited by: Matija Zorn, Mateja Ferk, Jure Tičar, Primož Gašperič Issued by: Geografski inštitut Antona Melika ZRC SAZU Published by: Založba ZRC Represented by: Drago Perko, Oto Luthar DTP: Matija Zorn Printed by: Megacop First edition, print run: 40 issues Ljubljana, 2016 Front cover photography: Land degradation in the Julian Alps is either human induced, e.g. as a result of mining activity (on the left), or induced by natural processes, e.g. landslide (on the right) (photograph: Matija Zorn). CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 911.2:631.459(082)
  • Planica, Pot Po Dolini

    Planica, Pot Po Dolini

    preoblikovanje reshaping asinger sirarna okrog leta 1920, fotografija last Olge R Pot se konča na skupnem pašnikom rateških kmetov, imenovanim Zelje. Gore in doline se v geološkem procesu nenehno preoblikujejo in Konec 19. stoletja je bila tam ovčja sirarna z leseno ogrado. Takim spreminjajo. Spreminjanje in preoblikovanje je vidno zlasti v številnih ogradam so rekli tamar. meliščihpodstenami. The trail ends on a communal pasture named Zelje. Farmers from Rateče built Mountains and valleys constantly change during the geologic process. The here a sheep cheese dairy at the end of the 19th century, that was fenced by changes and transformations are best seen on the numerous scree slopes a wooden pen. Such enclosures were called "tamar". under the mountain clifs. Zelje Zelje Preoblikovanje doline Preoblikovanje valley of the Reshaping transport balvanov boulder transport ugo svetovno vojno pridobivanje krede pred dr v Radovni (fototeka Gorenjskega muzeja) v Radovni Ko so se ledeniki umikali, so na dno dolin odlagali drobnozrnat material, ki Skalni bloki na dnu alpskih dolin, ki jih je pred 14.000 leti na današnje mu pravimo jezerska kreda. Ljudje so jo izkoriščali v razne industrijske mesto odložil ledenik, so balvani. Tja jih je lahko prinesel le premikajoči namene. led. As the glaciers retreated they left a sediment of fine-grain marlstone. This lake Large rock stones that were left on the valley floor by the glacier 14.000 years sediment was mined for various industrial purposes. It has similar ago are called "boulders". Such large rocks could only be transported by the characteristics to clay. moving ice. Jezerska kreda sediment Lake Balvani rocks Boulder izvir, slap izvir, spring, Zelenci waterfall foto Andrej Mežik potek toka Nadiže the Nadiža stream Letalo Consolidated B-24 Liberator je 22.11.1944 strmoglavilo na Na pobočju Zadnje Ponce se začne skrivnostni tok reke Nadiže, ki teče čez območju Kotovega sedla.
  • HIKING in SLOVENIA Green

    HIKING in SLOVENIA Green

    HIKING IN SLOVENIA Green. Active. Healthy. www.slovenia.info #ifeelsLOVEnia www.hiking-biking-slovenia.com |1 THE LOVE OF WALKING AT YOUR FINGERTIPS The green heart of Europe is home to active peop- le. Slovenia is a story of love, a love of being active in nature, which is almost second nature to Slovenians. In every large town or village, you can enjoy a view of green hills or Alpine peaks, and almost every Slove- nian loves to put on their hiking boots and yell out a hurrah in the embrace of the mountains. Thenew guidebook will show you the most beauti- ful hiking trails around Slovenia and tips on how to prepare for hiking, what to experience and taste, where to spend the night, and how to treat yourself after a long day of hiking. Save the dates of the biggest hiking celebrations in Slovenia – the Slovenia Hiking Festivals. Indeed, Slovenians walk always and everywhere. We are proud to celebrate 120 years of the Alpine Associati- on of Slovenia, the biggest volunteer organisation in Slovenia, responsible for maintaining mountain trails. Themountaineering culture and excitement about the beauty of Slovenia’s nature connects all generations, all Slovenian tourist farms and wine cellars. Experience this joy and connection between people in motion. This is the beginning of themighty Alpine mountain chain, where the mysterious Dinaric Alps reach their heights, and where karst caves dominate the subterranean world. There arerolling, wine-pro- ducing hills wherever you look, the Pannonian Plain spreads out like a carpet, and one can always sense the aroma of the salty Adriatic Sea.
  • Contaminated Sites and Health

    Contaminated Sites and Health

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−ZKLFKLQFOXGHGUHSUHVHQWDWLYHVRIHQYLURQPHQWDO $QGRUUD $UPHQLD DQGSXEOLFKHDOWKDJHQFLHV DWWKHQDWLRQDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOOHYHOV DQG $XVWULD UHVHDUFK H[SHUWV −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
  • Impact of the Mean Daily Air Temperature Calculation on the Rainfall-Runoff Modelling

    Impact of the Mean Daily Air Temperature Calculation on the Rainfall-Runoff Modelling

    water Article Impact of the Mean Daily Air Temperature Calculation on the Rainfall-Runoff Modelling Nejc Bezak * , Lazar Cerovi´cand Mojca Šraj Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (M.Š.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +386-1-4254-052 Received: 12 October 2020; Accepted: 12 November 2020; Published: 13 November 2020 Abstract: Conceptual rainfall-runoff models besides precipitation and discharge data generally require estimates of the mean daily air temperature as input data. For the estimation of the mean daily air temperature, there are different methods available. The paper presents an evaluation of the impact of the mean daily air temperature calculation on the rainfall-runoff modelling results. Additionally, other measured variables and rating curve uncertainty were assessed. Differences in the mean daily air temperature values were evaluated for the 33 meteorological stations in Slovenia and additional investigations were conducted for four selected meso-scale catchments located in different climates. The results of the application of four equations for the mean air temperature calculation yielded the mean absolute error values between 0.56–0.80 ◦C. However, the results of rainfall-runoff modelling showed that these differences had an almost negligible impact on the model results. Differences in the mean simulated discharge values were no larger than 1%, while differences in the maximum discharge values were a bit larger, but did not exceed 5%. A somewhat larger impact on the model results was observed when precipitation and water level measurements’ uncertainty was included.
  • Povratne Dobe Velikih in Malih Pretokov Za Merilna Mesta Državnega Hidrološkega Monitoringa Površinskih Voda

    Povratne Dobe Velikih in Malih Pretokov Za Merilna Mesta Državnega Hidrološkega Monitoringa Površinskih Voda

    POVRATNE DOBE VELIKIH IN MALIH PRETOKOV ZA MERILNA MESTA DRŽAVNEGA HIDROLOŠKEGA MONITORINGA POVRŠINSKIH VODA Sektor za analize in prognoze površinskih voda Urad za hidrologijo in stanje okolje November 2013 Agencija Republike Slovenije za okolje POVRATNE DOBE VELIKIH IN MALIH PRETOKOV Ve čina hidroloških procesov v naravi se zgodi naklju čno, zato je uporaba verjetnostne teorije in matemati čne statistike v hidrologiji neizogibna za reševanje hidroloških problemov in za boljši opis hidroloških procesov. Verjetnost nastopa dolo čenega pojava predstavlja eno izmed najpomembnejših analiz hidroloških podatkov, kjer na podlagi predhodnih dogajanj napovedujemo dogodke v prihodnosti. Vsak napovedan dogodek (pretok) pa ima dolo čeno verjetnost nastopa. Zaradi enostavnosti in lažjega razumevanja v praksi verjetnost nastopa prikazujemo z njeno recipro čno vrednostjo, to je povratno dobo dogodka. Povratna doba je ocena časovnega intervala med dogodki. Pretok s povratno dobo 10 let je koli činska ocena pretoka, ki se v povpre čju pojavi enkrat na 10 let. Pomembno je poudariti, da je pojav dogodka slu čajen, saj se v kronološkem smislu dogodki ne pojavljajo vsakih 10 let, ampak pri čakujemo, da se bo dogodek pojavil 10- krat v 100 letih, ali v povpre čju vsakih 10 let. Povratne dobe smo izra čunali za najve čje letne pretoke (letne visokovodne konice – Qvk) in najmanjše male letne srednje dnevne pretoke (Qnp). Izra čun je narejen za lokacije merilnih mest državnega hidrološkega monitoringa površinskih voda z nizom podatkov vsaj 10 let (slika 1, preglednica 1). V izra čunih so upoštevana razpoložljiva obdobja podatkov do vklju čno leta 2010. Za ra čunanje povratnih dob smo uporabili Pearson III in Log Pearson III porazdelitveni funkciji, ki sta v hidrološki praksi najpogosteje uporabljeni metodi.
  • Predmet: Izbirna Geografija

    Predmet: Izbirna Geografija

    (referat) Predmet: Izbirna geografija 1. KAZALO VSEBINE 1. KAZALO VSEBINE...........................................................................2 2. KAZALO SLIK...................................................................................2 3. REKA SAVA – SPLOŠNO..................................................................4 4. REKA SAVA V SLOVENIJI:...............................................................5 4.1 Rečni režim in pretok..................................................................6 4.2 Ribištvo in turizem......................................................................7 4.3 Električni potencial.....................................................................7 5. REKA SAVA V DRUGIH DRŽAVAH:.................................................8 5.1 Plovnost reke...............................................................................9 6. ONESNAŽENOST REKE..................................................................9 7. VIRI................................................................................................11 2. KAZALO SLIK 1. Izvir reke Save Dolinke__________________________________________ 3 2. Izvir reke Save Bohinjke_________________________________________ 3 3. Reka Sava na Slovenskem in pritoki________________________________4 4. Rečni režim____________________________________________________5 5. trasa v Radečah na reki Savi.______________________________________5 6. Shema hidroelektrarn na Savi_____________________________________6 7. Hidroelektrarna Medvode________________________________________6
  • Crayfish of the Upper Soca and Upper Sava Rivers, Slovenia

    Crayfish of the Upper Soca and Upper Sava Rivers, Slovenia

    Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic. (1997)347:721-729 — 721 — CRAYFISH OF THE UPPER SOCA AND UPPER SAVA RIVERS, SLOVENIA. Y. MACHINO 13 rue Montorge, 38000 Grenoble, France. Reçu le 04 juillet 1997 Received 04 July, 1997 Accepté le 29 août 1997 Accepted 29 August, 1997 ABSTRACT Crayfish biogeography of northwestern Slovenia was studied in the Upper Soca River (Mediterranean drainage) and the Sava Dolinka River (Danubian drainage). The Mediterranean drainage has white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) and the Danubian drainage has stone crayfish (A. torrentium). Morphological data of these A. pallipes suggest that the Slovenian white-clawed crayfish belong to the Austropotamobius pallipes italicus complex. The biogeographic and morphological data support the present general knowledge that in Slovenia the white-clawed crayfish belongs to a Po-Adriatic fauna and the stone crayfish to a Danubian fauna. A third species, the noble crayfish (Astacus astacus), was found in Danubian waters, but its biogeographic meaning may not be significant because the species is present in, and has been introduced into, waters of both the Mediterranean and Danubian drainages. The noble crayfish from a Slovenian lake, Blejsko jezero, has certain morphological characteristics that require additional investigations before its taxonomic position can be clarified. The stone crayfish of the Sava Dolinka now survives in only a few sites, relics of a former wider distribution destroyed by human activities. On the other hand, the white-clawed crayfish of the Soca is still distributed widely. But it is timely to consider their protection because the Soca region is now under major tourist development pressure. Key-words : Austropotamobius pallipes, Austropotamobius torrentium, Astacus astacus, biogeography, taxonomy, protection, Slovenia.