Richard Hopkins, Producing Artistic Director

Please do not take the Cabaret Book. You may download a complete copy at: www.floridastudiotheatre.org Jordan Craig, Andrew Mauney, Luke Minx, and Ryan Connolly. Photo by Maria Lyle. Maria by Photo Connolly. Ryan and Minx, Luke Mauney, Andrew Craig, Jordan Table of Contents

What is Cabaret?, page 3 A brief history of the artform.

A Brief History of , pages 4-5 Learn about how the artists of the era took the music industry by storm.

Music Milestones, pages 6-7 Learn about the major events that occured throughout history with groups as well as solo artists of the genre.

Throughout the Eras, pages 8-12 Some of the top recording solo artists and groups during the 60s and 70s.

Jordan Craig. Photo by Maria Lyle.

2 What is Cabaret? It began in Paris on November 18, 1881, the year in which the first and most famous cabaret of all, the Chat Noir (Black Cat), was established. Paris, during what the French like to call the Belle Epoque, was the cultural capital of Europe; the mecca of the arts to which admirers and young hopefuls flocked from one end of Europe to the other, and indeed from still farther away. If something caught on in Paris, the immense reputation of the city as the source of fashion and innovation ensured its rapid diffusion across the continent and beyond.

Besides giving rise to many cabarets in Paris itself, in its own time and after it became history, the Chat Noir also inspired the introduction of cabaret in major cities throughout Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

In the beginning, cabaret arose as an informal grouping of artists - painters, poets, musicians, and theatre people - who felt the need to come together. It was intended as something essentially private. From 1881 to 1917, audiences were made up predominantly of artists, their friends, and a variety of cultural fellow-travellers. In post-World War I Europe, the cabaret ceased to be a novelty and by and large fulfilled its function as a locus of an emerging avant-garde. Cabarets became places of entertainment; their facilities were expanded and enhanced, their doors thrown open to the public.

When developing FST’s Cabaret we took the diverse and rich history of the form to create the atmosphere you see . Set in a turn-of-the-century Parisian Cafe and offering fresh baked food, the Cabaret is an intimate space for an intimate form of entertainment. Turn-Of-The-Century Cabaret by Harold B. Segel Artwork by Théophile Steinlen Théophile by Artwork

3 In A Brief History of Soul Music and . . . . These are just a few names that are associated with the hard- driving beats and memorable tunes of a musical style that defined a generation and is beloved and celebrated to this very day. In April of 1960, a young African-American named started a company with an $800 loan from his family in the city of , known as the “Motor City.” Gordy named the company, “Motor City Records,” after his hometown. The original Hitsville USA. Wanting to pay tribute to the town where he spent his childhood, he changed “city” to “town”, thus forming the word “.” He purchased a building that eventually became “Hitsville U.S.A.,” where all of Motown’s hits were recorded. Throughout the , artists such as Smokey Robinson, Diana Ross, and Marvin Gaye dominated the airwaves with hits such as “Tears of a Clown”, “Stop! In the Name of Love”, “I Heard It Through the Grapevine”, and many more. From 1961 to 1971, Motown had a grand total of 110 Top 10 Hits. Trademarks of the Motown sound were tight harmonies, hard-driving beats, and Berry Gordy outside of Hitsville USA. relentlessly catchy tunes.

4 A Brief History of Soul Music Soul’s significance doesn’t only come from the soulful music and stirring lyrics. America itself was divided by segregation and the Civil Rights Movement of the ‘60s. African- Americans were demanding equal rights, and activists such as Rosa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. were paving the way for equality. Comprised primarily of African American artists, Motown brought them to the mainstream and bridged the gap between white and black Americans. It didn’t matter who was white, black, brown, or red, everyone was dancing to Soul music.

Berry Gordy at the premiere of Motown the Musical. To this day, we still do. In 2003, Berry Gordy and “We set out to make Smokey Robinson were awarded the Architect of Sound: Vision Award and the Architect of Sound: Artist Award quality music, that respectively for their contributions to of music. everyone could enjoy In 2013, a musical based on the story of Motown was a and listen to” Broadway smash, running for 738 performances. Some of - Smokey Robinson the original Motown performers are still performing to this day. Indeed, the legacy of Soul lives on through the sheer power of the music and the people who created it.

5 Music Milestones

1960 Motown Records is founded 1963 by Berry Gordy, which recorded much of the Soul have two Top 30 hits with and R&B music we have today. “Come and Get These Memories” (#29) and 1961 “(Love is Like a) Heat “Please Mr. Postman” by Wave” (#4). becomes the Number One song on the pop charts.

1962 The Marvelettes have two hits with “Playboy” and 1964 “Beechwood 4-5789” “Baby I Need Your earning spots on the US Lovin’” is the first Hot 100 Top 20 Charts. single released by The , as well as 1960 their first Top 20 Hit. “Money (That’s What I Want)” by and “” by become Motown’s first major hits. Martha and the Vandellas.

6 Music Milestones 1966 ’ “Get Ready” is a Top 30 hit, coming in at 1970 #29. The Supremes’ “You Keep “ABC” by The Jackson 5 Me Hanging On” becomes is released. a number one hit on the 1968 Billboard charts. Perhaps Motown’s biggest hit, Marvin Gaye’s “I Heard It Through the Grapevine” is released. It stayed at the top of the Billboard Pop Singles chart for seven consecutive weeks.

1967 1971 “Ain’t No Mountain”, “Just My Imagination” recorded by Marvin Gaye by The Temptations and Tammi Terrell, is becomes their third 1965 song to hit number The Supremes’ “Stop! (In released. 1969 one on the Billboard the Name of Love)” and “Cloud Nine” by The Hot 100. The Temptations’ “My Temptations wins a Girl” are both number one Grammy award. sports on the Billboard Pop Singles Chart.

Martha and the Vandellas. The Four Tops.

7 Rhythm and Blues Artists Holland-Dozier-Holland Someone had to write all the Soul hits. That task belonged to Holland-Dozier-Holland, consisting of , and brothers Brian and . Eddie Holland was a performer and songwriter whose 1958 Mercury single “You” was one of Berry Gordy’s earliest productions. His brother, , found success when he co-wrote The Marvelettes’ “Please Mr. Postman.” Lamont Dozier was a successful recording artist for many labels in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Among them was Anna Label, which was run by Berry Gordy’s sister. From 1962 to 1967, the three wrote and produced many of the songs that would define the Motown sound, including “Stop! In the Name of Love,” “Reach Out I’ll Be There,” and “Nowhere to Run.” Holland-Dozier-Holland.

8 Rhythm and Blues Artists The Supremes Originally known as the Primettes, The Supremes were the most commercially successful Motown act, with 12 number one singles on the Billboard Hits Chart including “Stop! In the Name of Love,” “You Can’t Hurry Love,” and “Love Child.” Founded by , Mary Wilson, Diana Ross (who would go on to become the group’s ), and Betty McGlown, they rivaled even in popularity at their peak. To this date, they are one of America’s most successful vocal groups. The Marvelettes. The Marvelettes One of the most significantly successful girl- groups of all time, The Marvelettes’ hit “Please Mr. Postman” was one of the first number one singles recorded by a female vocal act, and the first one for Motown. Other hits include “Don’t Mess with Bill.”

The Supremes.

9 Rhythm and Blues Artists The Temptations Suave, harmonious, and flashy, The Temptations were highly influential in R&B and Soul music. Originally known as “The Elgins,” they were the first Motown group to win a Grammy Award in 1969 for “Cloud Nine”. The Temptations’ biggest hits include “My Girl,” “Ain’t Too Proud to Beg,” and “,” which won the group a

Grammy Award. The Temptations.

The Four Tops The Four Tops were considered 8 the main vocal group of Motown. Their hits include “Reach Out I’ll Be There” and “I Can’t Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch).” Founded by lead vocalist , The Four Tops performed from 1953 to 1997 without a change in personnel. The Four Tops. Talk about stamina!

10 Rhythm and Blues Artists

The Miracles Founded by Smokey Robinson, Warren “Pete” Moore, and Ronnie White, they were first known as the Five Chimes. They later called themselves the Matadors. They settled on The Miracles once Claudette Robinson (Smokey’s wife) joined. Their song “Shop Around” was Motown’s first million-record seller. Their other hits include “Tears of a Clown,” and “You’ve Really Got a Hold on Me.” The Jackson 5. The Jackson 5 Berry Gordy called The Jackson 5 “the last big stars to come rolling off my assembly line.” Consisting of brothers Jackie, Jermaine, Marlon, Tito, and Michael, the Jackson 5 were beloved for their tight choreography, peppy music, and their sheer energy. They made music history when their first four Motown singles—“ABC,” “,” “The Love You Save,” and “I’ll Be There”—shot to Number One on the . The youngest member, , went on to become one of ’s most iconic performers. The Miracles.

11 Solo Artists of the Era Born Stevland Hardaway Judkins, Stevie Wonder has overcome blindness to become one of the most talented and influential artists of all time. His hits include “For Once ” and “Superstition.” He has received 25 Grammy Awards, the most awarded to any male solo artist.

Marvin Gaye. Marvin Gaye Also known as the “ of Soul”, Marvin Gaye started as an in-house session player, then be- came a solo artist with hits including “I Heard It Through the Grapevine” and the Grammy Award- winning “Sexual Healing.” After his untimely death in 1984, he was posthumously awarded the Gram- my Lifetime Achievement Award and inducted Stevie Wonder into the Hall of Fame.

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13 Su RICHARD HOPKINS is the Producing Artistic Director of Florida Studio Theatre. Since 1980, Mr. Hopkins has guided the company from a small touring group to a professional regional theatre. He began his professional theatre career as a resident actor with the Asolo State Theatre in Sarasota. In 1974, he founded the Palisades Theatre Company in Washington, D.C., which subsequently moved to St. Petersburg and is now called American Stage. He served as its Producing Director from 1974-1980. Additional experiences include President of the Florida Professional Theatres Association, Panelist for Theatre Program of Florida Arts Council, and Director/Instructor for Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus’ Clown College. His many directing credits include: Inspired Lunacy, The Best of Enemies, Next to Normal, Race, Ruined, The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee, Boleros for the Disenchanted, Permanent Collection, Metamorphoses, The Bully Pulpit, God’s Man in Texas, Hysteria, Gross Indecency: The Three Trials of Oscar Wilde, 2: Goering at Nuremberg, Six Degrees of Separation, Execution of Justice, Death by Misadventure, Hi-Hat-Hattie, Invictus, Agnes of God, Beyond Therapy, True West, La Ronde, and Betrayal among numerous other plays and Cabaret projects including Never Marry A Girl With Cold Feet, The Prima Donnettes, Too Darn Hot, Laughing Matters, Night Train to Memphis, Sophie Tucker, Inspired Lunacy, Shakespeare’s Greatest Hits, Over the Rainbow, and Let’s Again: with the Wanderers. Mr. Hopkins is the recipient of numerous awards including the Arts Leadership Award from the Sarasota Arts Council, the Richard G. Fallon Award for Artistic Excellence from the Florida Professional Theatre Association, and the Cultural Champion Award from the Arts and Cultural Alliance of Sarasota County.

14 15 FST Cabaret: A History 1995 – 1996 Season 2001 – 2002 Season 2009 – 2010 Season Hot 'N Cole : That’s Life My Castle's Rockin' by Larry Parr The Songs of Dorothy Fields Reflections Back to the 40's with the Boiler Sisters The Songs of Jaques Brel Night Train to Memphis Forever Ivory Rowe by Mark Hunter and Laughing Matters Barbara Bates Smith Sophie Tucker 2010 – 2011 Season An Evening Wasted Last of the Red Hot Mamas The Wanderers Song and Dance by Brassy Broads: The Next Generation The Club 2002 – 2003 Season Laughing Matters My One and Only Gershwin 1996 – 1997 Season Guitar Girls 2011-2012 Season By Gershwin A Vaudeville Cabaret That’s Life, Again! I am an American by Kurt Weill Shake, Rattle, & Roll Motown Cabaret 2003 – 2004 Season Reel Music Always... by Ted Swindley Too Darn Hot: A Tribute to Cole Porter On the Road 2012-2013 Season 1997 – 1998 Season One-Hit Wonders Let’s Twist Again: With the Wanderers Honky -Tonk Highway by Richard Berg Urban Cowboys and Robert Lindsey-Nassif 2004 – 2005 Season By Gershwin: A Tribute to George and Ira G.I. Jive O'Carolan's Farewell to Music by Patrick The Rise and Fall of Western Civilization Ball and Peter Glazer According to Tom Lehrer 2013-2014 Season License to Bash The Prima Donnettes Three Friends, Two Guitars Over the Rainbow Poems, Prayers and Promises Gunmetal Blues (and a broken ) Too Darn Hot Inspired Lunacy (revised) Rendezvous with Marlene 2005 – 2006 Season 2014 Summer Season Carreno My Way: A Musical Tribute to At The Hop Clearly Invisible by Carl Seiger by David Grapes and Todd Olson Clearly Invisible Forever Plaid by Stuart Ross Piano Men Somewhere Over The Rose Flip Side 1998 – 1999 Season 2014-2015 Season Harry Who? 2006 – 2007 Season Dancing in the Street A Brief History of White Music conceived Over The Rainbow, A Tribute to Harold Arlen American Pie by Dee Dee Thomas and David Tweedy The Never Marry A Girl With Cold Feet: Shakespeare’s Greatest Hits Laughing Matters…Too and other life lessons from Vaudeville 1999 – 2000 Season 2007 – 2008 Season 2015 Summer Season Three Girls Berlin! Harry Who? The Lullabye of Broadway Six Guitars Sophie Tucker: American Legend by European Cabaret Kings of Country Jack Fournier & Kathy Halenda Outlaws and Angels The Swingaroos The All Night Strut 2000 –For 2001 more Season information or to discuss2008 – available 2009 Season naming opportunities,2015-2016 Season By Mercercontact: Jon Donk, Development Steppin’ Manager, Out at (941) 366-9017 ext. 326 Soul Mates: A Journey to Hitsville Hula Hoop Sha-Boop Harry Chapin and Friends or visit www. floridastudiotheatre.org. Yesterday Brassy Broads Laughing Matters ’09 Laughing Matters (vol. 5) Lock the Gates! 15 Jordan Craig, Andrew Mauney, Luke Minx, and Ryan Connolly. Photo by Maria Lyle. Directed and Choreographed by andChoreographed Directed BILL CASTELLINO Sound &LightOperatorSound Engineer Sound Lighting Designer Costume Designer Music Director

RYAN TOUHEY

MARSHALL SIMMONS

TOM HANSEN SUSAN ANGERMANN

MARIAH YOUNG