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Monthly Distribution and Catch Trends of Eulachon (Thaleichthys Pacificus) from Juan De Fuca Strait to the Fraser River, British Columbia, October 2017 to June 2018

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Monthly Distribution and Catch Trends of Eulachon (Thaleichthys Pacificus) from Juan De Fuca Strait to the Fraser River, British Columbia, October 2017 to June 2018 Monthly Distribution and Catch Trends of Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) from Juan de Fuca Strait to the Fraser River, British Columbia, October 2017 to June 2018 Lindsay V. Dealy and Vanessa R. Hodes Science Branch, Pacific Region Fisheries and Oceans Canada Pacific Biological Station Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7 2019 Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 3179 Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Manuscript reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which deals with national or regional problems. Distribution is restricted to institutions or individuals located in particular regions of Canada. However, no restriction is placed on subject matter, and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, namely, fisheries and aquatic sciences. Manuscript reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in the data base Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts. Manuscript reports are produced regionally but are numbered nationally. Requests for individual reports will be filled by the issuing establishment listed on the front cover and title page. Numbers 1-900 in this series were issued as Manuscript Reports (Biological Series) of the Biological Board of Canada, and subsequent to 1937 when the name of the Board was changed by Act of Parliament, as Manuscript Reports (Biological Series) of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 1426 - 1550 were issued as Department of Fisheries and Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Manuscript Reports. The current series name was changed with report number 1551. Rapport manuscrit canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques Les rapports manuscrits contiennent des renseignements scientifiques et techniques qui constituent une contribution aux connaissances actuelles, mais qui traitent de problèmes nationaux ou régionaux. La distribution en est limitée aux organismes et aux personnes de régions particulières du Canada. II n'y a aucune restriction quant au sujet; de fait, la série reflète la vaste gamme des intérêts et des politiques de Pêches et Océans Canada, c'est-à-dire les sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Les rapports manuscrits peuvent être cités comme des publications à part entière. Le titre exact figure au-dessus du résumé de chaque rapport. Les rapports manuscrits sont résumés dans la base de données Résumés des sciences aquatiques et halieutiques. Les rapports manuscrits sont produits à l'échelon régional, mais numérotés à l'échelon national. Les demandes de rapports seront satisfaites par l'établissement auteur dont le nom figure sur la couverture et la page du titre. Les numéros 1 à 900 de cette série ont été publiés à titre de Manuscrits (série biologique) de l'Office de biologie du Canada, et après le changement de la désignation de cet organisme par décret du Parlement, en 1937, ont été classés comme Manuscrits (série biologique) de l'Office des recherches sur les pêcheries du Canada. Les numéros 901 à 1425 ont été publiés à titre de Rapports manuscrits de l'Office des recherches sur les pêcheries du Canada. Les numéros 1426 à 1550 sont parus à titre de Rapports manuscrits du Service des pêches et de la mer, ministère des Pêches et de l'Environnement. Le nom actuel de la série a été établi lors de la parution du numéro 1551. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 3179 2019 MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION AND CATCH TRENDS OF EULACHON (Thaleichthys pacificus) FROM JUAN DE FUCA STRAIT TO THE FRASER RIVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, OCTOBER 2017 TO JUNE 2018 by Lindsay V. Dealy and Vanessa R. Hodes Fisheries and Oceans Canada Science Branch, Pacific Region Pacific Biological Station 3190 Hammond Bay Road Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 6N7 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2019. Cat. No. Fs97-4/3179E-PDF ISBN 978-0-660-31188-3 ISSN 1488-5387 Correct citation for this publication: Dealy, L.V. and Hodes, V.R. 2019. Monthly distribution and catch trends of Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) from Juan de Fuca Strait to the Fraser River, British Columbia, October 2017 to June 2018. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 3179: viii + 39 p. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ iii LIST OF FIGURES ..........................................................................................................iv ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vii RÉSUMÉ ....................................................................................................................... viii INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 METHODS ...................................................................................................................... 2 SURVEY DESIGN ....................................................................................................... 2 FISHING AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ................................................................... 3 CATCH RECORDING AND EULACHON CPUE ......................................................... 4 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING ........................................................................................... 4 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 6 EULACHON CATCH AND CPUE ................................................................................ 6 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING ........................................................................................... 8 ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATIONS ....................................................................... 21 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................ 23 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. 24 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 25 APPENDIX 1 ................................................................................................................. 27 APPENDIX 2 ................................................................................................................. 36 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Descriptions of Eulachon gonadal development by sex and maturity stage. ..... 5 Table 2. Total number of sets, number of sets containing Eulachon, total catch of Eulachon (kg), mean CPUE (kg/hr), and standard error (SE) from bottom trawl surveys conducted in A1–Juan de Fuca, A2–Haro Strait, and A3–Fraser River from October 2017 to June 2018........................................................................................................... 7 Table 3. Number of Eulachon attributes recorded or collected during bottom trawl surveys conducted each month from October 2017 to June 2018 in Juan de Fuca and the Strait of Georgia. ....................................................................................................... 9 Table 4. Summary of length measurements including count, minimum length, 25th percentile (Q1), median length, mean length, 75th percentile (Q3), maximum length, and standard error (SE) of Eulachon sampled during bottom trawl surveys in A1–Juan de Fuca, A2–Haro Strait, and A3–Fraser River from October 2017 to June 2018. ....... 12 iii Table 5. Sexes assigned to Eulachon sampled during bottom trawl surveys in A1–Juan de Fuca, A2–Haro Strait, and A3–Fraser River from October 2017 to June 2018. Total males sampled: n=1,740; total females sampled: n=1,885; undetermined: n=181........ 13 Table 6. Standard length measurements of Eulachon (n=3,359) for each maturity stage assigned during bottom trawl sets in A1–Juan de Fuca, A2–Haro Strait, and A3–Fraser River from October 2017 to June 2018. Summary statistics include minimum length (min.), 25th percentile (Q1), median length, mean length, 75th percentile (Q3), maximum length (max.), standard error (SE), and count. Maturity stages are described in Table 1 (0-2 = immature, 3-4 = developing, 5 = mature (ripe), 6 = atypical). ............................. 16 Table 7. Number of Eulachon stomachs by stomach content category. Each stomach contained only one type of content. Eulachon stomachs (n=2,245) were sampled during bottom trawl sets in A1–Juan de Fuca, A2–Haro Strait, and A3–Fraser River from October 2017 to June 2018. .......................................................................................... 18 Table 8. Counts of Eulachon sampled for presence of teeth by category in A1–Juan de Fuca, A2–Haro Strait, and A3–Fraser River by month (January–June 2018). Categories: None=no teeth; TMB=teeth present on the top, tongue, and bottom of the mouth; TM=top and tongue only; TB=top and bottom only; MB=tongue and bottom only; M=tongue only; and T=top only. .................................................................................... 19 Table 9. Cumulative catch and species composition from bottom trawl surveys (n= 227 sets) conducted in Juan de Fuca Strait and Strait of Georgia from October 2017 to June 2018. ............................................................................................................................. 36 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Study
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