DOCSLIB.ORG

Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems Is Essential Reading for Freshwater Ecologists, Water Resource Managers and Advanced Students

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Droughts are a major hazard to both natural and human-dominated environments Lake and those, especially of long duration and high intensity, can be highly damaging and leave long-lasting effects. This book describes the climatic conditions that DROUGHT give rise to droughts, and their various forms and chief attributes. Past droughts are described including those that had severe impacts on human societies. As a disturbance, droughts can be thought of as “ramps” in that they usually build and AQUATIC slowly and take time to become evident. As precipitation is reduced, flows from catchments into aquatic systems decline. As water declines in water bodies, ecological processes are changed and the biota can be drastically reduced, though ECOSYSTEMS species and populations may survive by using refuges. Recovery from drought varies in both rates and in degrees of completeness and may be a function of both refuge DROUGHT availability and connectivity. Effects and Responses For the first time, this book reviews the available rather scattered literature on the impacts of drought on the flora, fauna and ecological processes of aquatic ecosystems ranging from small ponds to lakes and from streams to estuaries. The effects of drought on the biota of standing waters and flowing waters and of temporary waters and perennial systems are described and compared. In addition, the ways in which human activity can exacerbate droughts are outlined. In many parts of the world especially in the mid latitudes, global warming may result in and increases in the duration and intensity of droughts. ECOSYSTEMS AQUATIC Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems is essential reading for freshwater ecologists, water resource managers and advanced students. Philip “Sam” Lake is an Emeritus Professor in the School of Biological Sciences and a Fellow of the Australian Centre for Biodiversity at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Much of his research has focused on the effects that both natural disturbances (e.g. floods, droughts) and human-generated ones (e.g. pollution, catchment land-use change) have on the biota of freshwater systems. Recently, he has also been investigating the ecological processes involved in the restoration of degraded flowing waters. Cover image: Lake Eppalock in March 2007, a victim of the Millenium Drought. Cover by Design Deluxe. P. Sam Lake Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems: Effects and Responses Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems: Effects and Responses P. Sam Lake This edition first published 2011 Ó 2011 by P. Sam Lake Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered office: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright mater ial in this book please see our website at www.w iley.com/wil ey-blackwell . The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Lake, P. Sam, Drought and Aquatic Ecosystems: Effects and Responses / P. Sam Lake. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4051-8560-8 (cloth) 1. Biotic communities. I. Title. QH541.M574 2011 577.802–dc22 2011000108 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDF 9781444341782; Wiley Online Library 9781444341812; ePub 9781444341799; MobiPocket 9781444341805. Set in 10.5/12.5pt Photina by Thomson Digital, Noida, India 12011 For Marilyn, Katherine and Jessica Contents Acknowledgements xiii 1 Introduction: the nature of droughts 1 1.1 The social and economic damage of drought 3 1.2 Major characteristics of drought 6 1.3 The formation of droughts 7 1.4 El Nin˜o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and drought 9 1.5 Other important oscillations creating drought 15 1.6 Drought in Australia 18 2 Types of drought and their assessment 20 2.1 Drought monitoring and indices 25 2.2 Meteorological drought 25 2.3 Hydrological drought 28 3 The perturbation of hydrological drought 35 3.1 Refuges and drought 41 3.2 Traits and adaptations to drought 42 3.3 The nature of studies on drought in aquatic ecosystems 43 4 Droughts of the past: dendrochronology and lake sediments 46 4.1 Indicators of past droughts 47 4.1.1 Dendrochronology 48 4.1.2 Indicators from lakes: tree stumps and sediments 49 4.2 Impacts of past drought on lakes 55 4.3 Droughts of the Holocene 57 4.3.1 Early and mid-Holocene droughts 57 4.3.2 Late Holocene droughts 59 viii Contents 5 Water bodies, catchments and the abiotic effects of drought 68 5.1 Water body types 68 5.2 Aquatic ecosystems, their catchments and drought 70 5.3 Drought and effects on catchments 71 5.4 Riparian zones and drought 73 5.5 Sequence of changes in water bodies with drying 76 5.6 Changes in water quality with drought in lentic systems 81 5.7 Drought in connected lakes 85 5.8 Drought and water quality in flowing waters 87 5.9 Drought and benthic sediments 92 5.10 The breaking of drought – re-wetting and the return of flows 93 5.11 Concluding remarks 97 5.12 The next chapters 98 6 Drought and temporary waters 100 6.1 Drought and the biota of temporary waters 101 6.1.1 Algae 101 6.1.2 Vascular plants 103 6.2 Fauna of temporary standing waters and drought 107 6.2.1 Fish of temporary lentic waters 107 6.2.2 Invertebrates 109 6.2.3 Invertebrates in regional standing water bodies of differing hydroperiods 112 6.3 Insights from experimental studies of drought in temporary waters 117 6.4 The biota of temporary streams and drought 120 6.4.1 Drying in desert streams 121 6.4.2 Mediterranean streams 121 6.4.3 Dryland streams 127 6.5 Drying and recovery in temporary wetlands and streams 130 6.6 Conclusions 132 7 Drought, floodplain rivers and wetland complexes 134 7.1 Drought and floodplain systems 136 7.2 Drought and the biota of floodplain systems 137 7.2.1 Vascular plants 137 7.2.2 Phytoplankton 138 7.2.3 Zooplankton 139 7.2.4 Benthos 140 Contents ix 7.3 Floodplain rivers, fish and drought 141 7.3.1 Fish and the mainstem channel 142 7.3.2 Drought and adaptations of floodplain fish 143 7.4 Drought, fish assemblages and floodplain rivers 145 7.5 Summary 149 7.6 Large wetland complexes with seasonal flooding 150 7.6.1 The Florida Everglades 150 7.6.2 Drought and crustaceans of the Everglades 151 7.6.3 Drought and fish of the Everglades 153 7.6.4 Summary 155 7.7 Amphibious and terrestrial vertebrates 156 7.7.1 Amphibians 156 7.7.2 Reptiles and mammals 159 7.7.3 Waterbirds 161 7.7.4 Summary 163 8 Drought and perennial waters: plants and invertebrates 164 8.1 Drought and lentic systems 166 8.1.1 Drought in Lake Chilwa 166 8.1.2 Drought in Lake Chad 172 8.2 Phytoplankton in lakes 173 8.3 Zooplankton 178 8.3.1 Drought, lake acidification and plankton 180 8.4 Macrophytes of lentic systems 181 8.5 Benthic littoral fauna 184 8.6 Drought in perennial lotic systems 186 8.6.1 Benthic algae and macrophytes 186 8.7 Stream invertebrates and drought 188 8.7.1 Drought and the benthos of groundwater-dominated streams 189 8.7.2 Drought, invertebrates and precipitation-dependent perennial streams 192 8.8 Stream macroinvertebrates, droughts and human activities 202 8.9 Drought, invertebrates and streams at a large spatial extent 203 8.10 Summary: drought and stream benthos 205 8.11 General conclusions 206 9 Drought and fish of standing and flowing waters 209 9.1 Drought and fish of permanent lentic systems 210 9.2 Drought and fluvial fish 217 x Contents 9.3 Dealing with the stresses of drought 218 9.3.1 Habitat change and behaviour as drought develops 218 9.3.2 Fish movements and refuges 220 9.4 The impacts of drought on lotic fish 222 9.4.1 Tolerance and survival in small streams 222 9.4.2 Fish kills 225 9.4.3 Drying and biotic interactions 227 9.5 Impacts of drought on fish populations and assemblages and subsequent recovery 229 9.6 Assemblage composition and structure and drought 234 9.6.1 Headwater and intermittent streams 235 9.6.2 Perennial
Recommended publications
  • Glossary Glossary

    Glossary Glossary

    Glossary Glossary Albedo A measure of an object’s reflectivity. A pure white reflecting surface has an albedo of 1.0 (100%). A pitch-black, nonreflecting surface has an albedo of 0.0. The Moon is a fairly dark object with a combined albedo of 0.07 (reflecting 7% of the sunlight that falls upon it). The albedo range of the lunar maria is between 0.05 and 0.08. The brighter highlands have an albedo range from 0.09 to 0.15. Anorthosite Rocks rich in the mineral feldspar, making up much of the Moon’s bright highland regions. Aperture The diameter of a telescope’s objective lens or primary mirror. Apogee The point in the Moon’s orbit where it is furthest from the Earth. At apogee, the Moon can reach a maximum distance of 406,700 km from the Earth. Apollo The manned lunar program of the United States. Between July 1969 and December 1972, six Apollo missions landed on the Moon, allowing a total of 12 astronauts to explore its surface. Asteroid A minor planet. A large solid body of rock in orbit around the Sun. Banded crater A crater that displays dusky linear tracts on its inner walls and/or floor. 250 Basalt A dark, fine-grained volcanic rock, low in silicon, with a low viscosity. Basaltic material fills many of the Moon’s major basins, especially on the near side. Glossary Basin A very large circular impact structure (usually comprising multiple concentric rings) that usually displays some degree of flooding with lava. The largest and most conspicuous lava- flooded basins on the Moon are found on the near side, and most are filled to their outer edges with mare basalts.
  • Table of Contents 2

    Table of Contents 2

    Southwest Association of Freshwater Invertebrate Taxonomists (SAFIT) List of Freshwater Macroinvertebrate Taxa from California and Adjacent States including Standard Taxonomic Effort Levels 1 March 2011 Austin Brady Richards and D. Christopher Rogers Table of Contents 2 1.0 Introduction 4 1.1 Acknowledgments 5 2.0 Standard Taxonomic Effort 5 2.1 Rules for Developing a Standard Taxonomic Effort Document 5 2.2 Changes from the Previous Version 6 2.3 The SAFIT Standard Taxonomic List 6 3.0 Methods and Materials 7 3.1 Habitat information 7 3.2 Geographic Scope 7 3.3 Abbreviations used in the STE List 8 3.4 Life Stage Terminology 8 4.0 Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species 8 5.0 Literature Cited 9 Appendix I. The SAFIT Standard Taxonomic Effort List 10 Phylum Silicea 11 Phylum Cnidaria 12 Phylum Platyhelminthes 14 Phylum Nemertea 15 Phylum Nemata 16 Phylum Nematomorpha 17 Phylum Entoprocta 18 Phylum Ectoprocta 19 Phylum Mollusca 20 Phylum Annelida 32 Class Hirudinea Class Branchiobdella Class Polychaeta Class Oligochaeta Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Chelicerata, Subclass Acari 35 Subphylum Crustacea 47 Subphylum Hexapoda Class Collembola 69 Class Insecta Order Ephemeroptera 71 Order Odonata 95 Order Plecoptera 112 Order Hemiptera 126 Order Megaloptera 139 Order Neuroptera 141 Order Trichoptera 143 Order Lepidoptera 165 2 Order Coleoptera 167 Order Diptera 219 3 1.0 Introduction The Southwest Association of Freshwater Invertebrate Taxonomists (SAFIT) is charged through its charter to develop standardized levels for the taxonomic identification of aquatic macroinvertebrates in support of bioassessment. This document defines the standard levels of taxonomic effort (STE) for bioassessment data compatible with the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP) bioassessment protocols (Ode, 2007) or similar procedures.
  • Biological Diversity, Ecological Health and Condition of Aquatic Assemblages at National Wildlife Refuges in Southern Indiana, USA

    Biological Diversity, Ecological Health and Condition of Aquatic Assemblages at National Wildlife Refuges in Southern Indiana, USA

    Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4300 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4300 Taxonomic Paper Biological Diversity, Ecological Health and Condition of Aquatic Assemblages at National Wildlife Refuges in Southern Indiana, USA Thomas P. Simon†, Charles C. Morris‡, Joseph R. Robb§, William McCoy | † Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 46403, United States of America ‡ US National Park Service, Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Porter, IN 47468, United States of America § US Fish and Wildlife Service, Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge, Madison, IN 47250, United States of America | US Fish and Wildlife Service, Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge, Oakland City, IN 47660, United States of America Corresponding author: Thomas P. Simon ([email protected]) Academic editor: Benjamin Price Received: 08 Dec 2014 | Accepted: 09 Jan 2015 | Published: 12 Jan 2015 Citation: Simon T, Morris C, Robb J, McCoy W (2015) Biological Diversity, Ecological Health and Condition of Aquatic Assemblages at National Wildlife Refuges in Southern Indiana, USA. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4300. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4300 Abstract The National Wildlife Refuge system is a vital resource for the protection and conservation of biodiversity and biological integrity in the United States. Surveys were conducted to determine the spatial and temporal patterns of fish, macroinvertebrate, and crayfish populations in two watersheds that encompass three refuges in southern Indiana. The Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge had the highest number of aquatic species with 355 macroinvertebrate taxa, six crayfish species, and 82 fish species, while the Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge had 163 macroinvertebrate taxa, seven crayfish species, and 37 fish species. The Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge had the lowest diversity of macroinvertebrates with 96 taxa and six crayfish species, while possessing the second highest fish species richness with 51 species.
  • Appendix I Lunar and Martian Nomenclature

    Appendix I Lunar and Martian Nomenclature

    APPENDIX I LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE A large number of names of craters and other features on the Moon and Mars, were accepted by the IAU General Assemblies X (Moscow, 1958), XI (Berkeley, 1961), XII (Hamburg, 1964), XIV (Brighton, 1970), and XV (Sydney, 1973). The names were suggested by the appropriate IAU Commissions (16 and 17). In particular the Lunar names accepted at the XIVth and XVth General Assemblies were recommended by the 'Working Group on Lunar Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr D. H. Menzel. The Martian names were suggested by the 'Working Group on Martian Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr G. de Vaucouleurs. At the XVth General Assembly a new 'Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature' was formed (Chairman: Dr P. M. Millman) comprising various Task Groups, one for each particular subject. For further references see: [AU Trans. X, 259-263, 1960; XIB, 236-238, 1962; Xlffi, 203-204, 1966; xnffi, 99-105, 1968; XIVB, 63, 129, 139, 1971; Space Sci. Rev. 12, 136-186, 1971. Because at the recent General Assemblies some small changes, or corrections, were made, the complete list of Lunar and Martian Topographic Features is published here. Table 1 Lunar Craters Abbe 58S,174E Balboa 19N,83W Abbot 6N,55E Baldet 54S, 151W Abel 34S,85E Balmer 20S,70E Abul Wafa 2N,ll7E Banachiewicz 5N,80E Adams 32S,69E Banting 26N,16E Aitken 17S,173E Barbier 248, 158E AI-Biruni 18N,93E Barnard 30S,86E Alden 24S, lllE Barringer 29S,151W Aldrin I.4N,22.1E Bartels 24N,90W Alekhin 68S,131W Becquerei
  • Nabs 2004 Final

    Nabs 2004 Final

    CURRENT AND SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON BENTHIC BIOLOGY 2004 Published August, 2005 North American Benthological Society 2 FOREWORD “Current and Selected Bibliographies on Benthic Biology” is published annu- ally for the members of the North American Benthological Society, and summarizes titles of articles published during the previous year. Pertinent titles prior to that year are also included if they have not been cited in previous reviews. I wish to thank each of the members of the NABS Literature Review Committee for providing bibliographic information for the 2004 NABS BIBLIOGRAPHY. I would also like to thank Elizabeth Wohlgemuth, INHS Librarian, and library assis- tants Anna FitzSimmons, Jessica Beverly, and Elizabeth Day, for their assistance in putting the 2004 bibliography together. Membership in the North American Benthological Society may be obtained by contacting Ms. Lucinda B. Johnson, Natural Resources Research Institute, Uni- versity of Minnesota, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811. Phone: 218/720-4251. email:[email protected]. Dr. Donald W. Webb, Editor NABS Bibliography Illinois Natural History Survey Center for Biodiversity 607 East Peabody Drive Champaign, IL 61820 217/333-6846 e-mail: [email protected] 3 CONTENTS PERIPHYTON: Christine L. Weilhoefer, Environmental Science and Resources, Portland State University, Portland, O97207.................................5 ANNELIDA (Oligochaeta, etc.): Mark J. Wetzel, Center for Biodiversity, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820.................................................................................................................6 ANNELIDA (Hirudinea): Donald J. Klemm, Ecosystems Research Branch (MS-642), Ecological Exposure Research Division, National Exposure Re- search Laboratory, Office of Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268- 0001 and William E.
  • Entomology Day 2013, 'Pirates and Predators' Wyre Forest Study Group

    Entomology Day 2013, 'Pirates and Predators' Wyre Forest Study Group

    Wyre Forest Study Group Entomology Day 2013, ‘Pirates and Predators ’ Chairman Brett Westwood compiLED BY SUsaN LimbrEY John Walters The theme of Pirates and Predators allowed our particularly the flowers of buttercups. The egg batches speakers to indulge in a series of accounts of the are laid in the ground and hatch into thousands of gruesome things that insects do to other insects, and triungulin larvae, they have three hooks on each foot. indeed to other creatures too, and to show us the These scramble up and swarm all over the flowers, extraordinary complexity of some of the relationships leaping onto any insect in the hope of being carried into involved in housing and providing for their offspring. the nest of a solitary bee. Once in a solitary bee nest they complete their growth on the bee’s food stores. John Walters illustrated his talk on Potters, Pirates and He discussed the distribution and the identification Predators with his beautiful watercolours capturing features of the five British species, the Black, Violet, insect behaviour in the field, as well as his photographs Rugged, Mediterranean, and Short-necked Oil Beetles, and videos. He showed predatory interactions such the former two being widespread, though local, and as the Hornet Robber Fly pouncing on prey, wasps the latter three more rare. The Rugged Oil Beetle stalking flies, crab spiders and their large prey, and the is unusual in being active in winter, at night, and has raft spider found on Dartmoor this year which preys been found in Worcestershire at the Devil’s Spittleful.
  • Microsoft Outlook

    Microsoft Outlook

    Joey Steil From: Leslie Jordan <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, September 25, 2018 1:13 PM To: Angela Ruberto Subject: Potential Environmental Beneficial Users of Surface Water in Your GSA Attachments: Paso Basin - County of San Luis Obispo Groundwater Sustainabilit_detail.xls; Field_Descriptions.xlsx; Freshwater_Species_Data_Sources.xls; FW_Paper_PLOSONE.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S1.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S2.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S3.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S4.pdf CALIFORNIA WATER | GROUNDWATER To: GSAs We write to provide a starting point for addressing environmental beneficial users of surface water, as required under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). SGMA seeks to achieve sustainability, which is defined as the absence of several undesirable results, including “depletions of interconnected surface water that have significant and unreasonable adverse impacts on beneficial users of surface water” (Water Code §10721). The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a science-based, nonprofit organization with a mission to conserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. Like humans, plants and animals often rely on groundwater for survival, which is why TNC helped develop, and is now helping to implement, SGMA. Earlier this year, we launched the Groundwater Resource Hub, which is an online resource intended to help make it easier and cheaper to address environmental requirements under SGMA. As a first step in addressing when depletions might have an adverse impact, The Nature Conservancy recommends identifying the beneficial users of surface water, which include environmental users. This is a critical step, as it is impossible to define “significant and unreasonable adverse impacts” without knowing what is being impacted. To make this easy, we are providing this letter and the accompanying documents as the best available science on the freshwater species within the boundary of your groundwater sustainability agency (GSA).
  • Thesis-2017-Vadher

    Thesis-2017-Vadher

    Factors limiting the vertical movement and use of subsurface sediments by lotic macroinvertebrates in response to dewatering and surface drying by Atish N. Vadher A doctoral thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University (December 2017) © by Atish N. Vadher (2017) Abstract Climate change projections suggest increased frequency and duration of streambed drying in many regions across the globe. These predictions even apply to streams in temperate environments, which are typically characterised by perennial river flow. The subsurface sediments of streams are an important refuge for benthic invertebrates during streambed drying; this role may become more important given the predicted increased future extent and duration of stream drying. However the vertical movement of organisms into subsurface and hyporheic sediments, and factors affecting this movement, has received limited attention historically. The research in this thesis employed a series of laboratory experiments to examine the impact of sedimentological characteristics (particle size, porosity, sedimentation) on the vertical movement of macroinvertebrates. This research also used tightly controlled flume and field experiments to examine how the duration of drying events affected macroinvertebrate survival. Specifically, the laboratory studies used direct observation in transparent artificial mesocosms containing different sediment sizes and interstitial pore space volumes to examine the subsurface vertical movements of five lotic taxa displaying different biotic traits in response to water level reduction. The results indicated that lotic macroinvertebrates actively moved into subsurface sediments in response to water level reduction. The extent to which taxa moved vertically through sediments was: i) species- specific, and ii) restricted by sediment porosity.
  • Luther College Catalog 2010–11 Decorah, Iowa Record 2009–10, Announcements 2010–11

    Luther College Catalog 2010–11 Decorah, Iowa Record 2009–10, Announcements 2010–11

    Luther College Catalog 2010–11 Decorah, Iowa Record 2009–10, Announcements 2010–11 The college published its first catalog in 1872—Katalog for det norske Luther - college i Decorah, Iowa, 1861- 1872. It was prepared by [President Laur.] Larsen and ran to 48 pages. It contained a list of officials and faculty members, a history of the college, an outline and a defense of the plan and courses of instruction, a section on discipline and school regulations, and a detailed listing of students at the college from the time of its founding. Larsen’s precise scholarship is apparent on every page. Not until 1883 was a second catalog published, this time in English. —from Luther College 1861–1961, pp. 113-114, by David T. Nelson EQUAL OPPORTUNITY: It is the policy of Luther College to provide equal educational opportunities and equal access to facilities for all qualified persons.The college does not discriminate in employment, educational programs, and activities on the basis of age, color, creed, disability, gender identity, genetic information, national origin, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, veteran status, or any other basis protected by federal or state law. The provisions of this catalog do not constitute an irrevocable contract between the student and the college. The college reserves the right to change any provision or requirement at any time during the student’s term of residence. Contents Introducing Luther ........................................................ 5 An Overview of Luther College ....................................................6
  • Wisconsin's Strategy for Wildlife Species of Greatest Conservation Need

    Wisconsin's Strategy for Wildlife Species of Greatest Conservation Need

    Prepared by Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources with Assistance from Conservation Partners Natural Resources Board Approved August 2005 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Acceptance September 2005 Wisconsin’s Strategy for Wildlife Species of Greatest Conservation Need Governor Jim Doyle Natural Resources Board Gerald M. O’Brien, Chair Howard D. Poulson, Vice-Chair Jonathan P Ela, Secretary Herbert F. Behnke Christine L. Thomas John W. Welter Stephen D. Willet Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Scott Hassett, Secretary Laurie Osterndorf, Division Administrator, Land Paul DeLong, Division Administrator, Forestry Todd Ambs, Division Administrator, Water Amy Smith, Division Administrator, Enforcement and Science Recommended Citation: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. 2005. Wisconsin's Strategy for Wildlife Species of Greatest Conservation Need. Madison, WI. “When one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world.” – John Muir The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources provides equal opportunity in its employment, programs, services, and functions under an Affirmative Action Plan. If you have any questions, please write to Equal Opportunity Office, Department of Interior, Washington D.C. 20240. This publication can be made available in alternative formats (large print, Braille, audio-tape, etc.) upon request. Please contact the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Endangered Resources, PO Box 7921, Madison, WI 53707 or call (608) 266-7012 for copies of this report. Pub-ER-641 2005
  • Donald Langmead

    Donald Langmead

    FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT: A Bio-Bibliography Donald Langmead PRAEGER FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT Recent Titles in Bio-Bibliographies in Art and Architecture Paul Gauguin: A Bio-Bibliography Russell T. Clement Henri Matisse: A Bio-Bibliography Russell T. Clement Georges Braque: A Bio-Bibliography Russell T. Clement Willem Marinus Dudok, A Dutch Modernist: A Bio-Bibliography Donald Langmead J.J.P Oud and the International Style: A Bio-Bibliography Donald Langmead FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT A Bio-Bibliography Donald Langmead Bio-Bibliographies in Art and Architecture, Number 6 Westport, Connecticut London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Langmead, Donald. Frank Lloyd Wright : a bio-bibliography / Donald Langmead. p. cm.—(Bio-bibliographies in art and architecture, ISSN 1055-6826 ; no. 6) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 0–313–31993–6 (alk. paper) 1. Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867–1959—Bibliography. I. Title. II. Series. Z8986.3.L36 2003 [NA737.W7] 016.72'092—dc21 2003052890 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2003 by Donald Langmead All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2003052890 ISBN: 0–313–31993–6 ISSN: 1055–6826 First published in 2003 Praeger Publishers, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.praeger.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the

  • The Immatures of Bezzia Chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos

    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 803: 141–154 (2018)The immatures of Bezzia chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos, 2001... 141 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.803.29024 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The immatures of Bezzia chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos, 2001 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) Danielle Anjos-Santos1, Florentina Díaz2,3, Gustavo Ricardo Spinelli2,4, María Marcela Ronderos2,3 1 Laboratório de Investigaciones en Ecología y Sistemática Animal, CIEMEP, UNPSJB, CONICET-CCT- PATAGONIA NORTE, Gral. Roca 780, Esquel (9200), Chubut, Argentina 2 División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, UNLP-FCNYM, Paseo del Bosque s/n, La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina 3 Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), CONICET, Boulevard 120 s/n e/61 y 62, La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 Instituto de Limnología “Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet” (ILPLA), CONICET, Boulevard 120 s/n e/Avda. 60 y calle 64, La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina Corresponding author: Danielle Anjos-Santos ([email protected]) Academic editor: Art Borkent | Received 11 August 2018 | Accepted 26 October 2018 | Published 6 December 2018 http://zoobank.org/C92EDB75-EF69-4CA8-835D-D3F8FAA35FC2 Citation: Anjos-Santos D, Díaz F, Spinelli GR, Ronderos MM (2018) The immatures of Bezzia chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos, 2001 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). ZooKeys 803: 141–154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.803.29024 Abstract The fourth instar larva and the pupa of Bezzia chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos, 2001 are described for the first time. The immature stages were collected from macrophytes and filamentous algae in streams of the Patagonian steppe, in the provinces of Neuquén and Chubut, Argentina.