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The Secret Sauce of Convergence LAN New Software Helps the Internet Find Its Voice

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The Secret Sauce of Convergence LAN New Software Helps the Internet Find Its Voice December 14, 1998 J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. San Francisco Equity Research William D. Rabin (1-415) 954-9283 [email protected] Data Networking WAN The Secret Sauce of Convergence LAN New Software Helps the Internet Find Its Voice “We have reached an amazing moment: fundamental advances in microprocessors, photonics, storage and wireless technologies, together with the digitization of just about everything from photography to radio and television, combined with the universal adoption of 1 Buy Web technology, are ushering in a golden age of networking.” Not So Fast! CSCO ASND Before we join hands to usher in this “golden age of networking” when all media (including telephone, data, television, radio, photography, fax, etc.) converge into a single integrated COMS network, there are some technical issues to be resolved. Specifically, an overall architecture LU for the integration of voice and data networks must be created and new software products and control protocols must be developed and perfected. Long-Term Buy Such new products are currently being engineered by Bellcore and Cisco for Sprint’s new Integrated On-Demand Network (ION) in the traditional telephone market and for Canada’s NN Videotron in the cable TV market. While other vendors are also developing advanced products to NT facilitate the convergence of voice and data, we focus mostly on the Bellcore/Cisco approach as they appear to be leading the race at this point. The objectives of this report are to explain how convergence will really happen and to help investors understand: • how data networks and voice networks will integrate technically and how advanced Technology – Data Networking Equity Research: telephony features (such as call waiting, caller ID, call forwarding, 800 numbers, etc.) will operate over data networks William D. Rabin (1-415) 954-9283 • who has the advantage between data networking vendors (such as Cisco and Ascend) Charles A. Willhoit (1-415) 954-9378 and voice vendors (such as Lucent and Nortel). • why we believe convergence is inevitable and not just another passing tech fad Technology – Telecommunications • why so much spending on convergence is happening now and why we believe the data Equipment Equity Research: networking architecture will ultimately win. Gregory S. Geiling (1-212) 648-3320 We believe the new “converged” architecture described in this report will be operational Brantley W. Thompson in both public and private networks this time next year. Most incumbent carriers have (1-212) 648-7883 begun developing data networks to augment their well established voice infrastructures. We believe these incumbent service providers will link their new data networks to the telephone system utilizing an architecture similar to the one being developed by Bellcore and Cisco. Competitive carriers are, of course, focusing exclusively on building data infrastructures capable of carrying both voice and data traffic from the start. The architecture described in this report will allow these emerging carriers to provide advanced telephony services over their new data networks. 1 “Moore’s Law – The Least of the Changes,” Business Communications Review, August 1998. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Equity Research William D. Rabin (1-415) 954-9283 2 [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 3 The Telephone Network............................................................................................................ 4 Data Networks........................................................................................................................... 8 New Architectural Design Principles of Bellcore & Cisco...................................................... 12 Who Will Win – Voice or Data Vendors?............................................................................... 16 Investing in Convergence ........................................................................................................18 Why Is Convergence Happening Now?................................................................................... 20 Why the Data Architecture Wins............................................................................................. 21 Benefits of Convergence .........................................................................................................22 Convergence Happens.............................................................................................................23 Two Technical Issues – Reliability and Call Quality............................................................... 24 TABLES Table 1: Competitive Analysis – Data vs. Voice Vendors ...................................................... 17 CHARTS Chart 1: The Missing Component for a Converged Voice/Data Environment .......................... 3 Chart 2: The Telephone Network .............................................................................................. 5 Chart 3: Establishing a Private Virtual Circuit .......................................................................... 6 Chart 4: Market Shares of Telephone Circuits .......................................................................... 7 Chart 5: Data Networks Connected to the Telephone Network................................................. 8 Chart 6: Routing and Switching.................................................................................................9 Chart 7: Market Share Data for Routers and ATM Switches .................................................. 10 Chart 8: Common Data Architecture ....................................................................................... 11 Chart 9: Potential New Data Architectures.............................................................................. 11 Chart 10: Complete Picture of Convergence ........................................................................... 13 Chart 11: Ascend’s Internet Call Diversion Architecture ........................................................ 15 Chart 12: Data Traffic Overtakes Voice in 1998..................................................................... 20 APPENDICES Appendix I: Communications Equipment Comparables.......................................................... 25 Appendix II: Company One-Pagers......................................................................................... 26 Appendix III: New Protocols – Many Aspire to the Throne.................................................... 32 The Secret Sauce of Convergence 3 December 14, 1998 New York INTRODUCTION The Missing Piece of Data Networks Today’s telephone networks consist of two primary components: a “transport” layer that physically transports our voices back and forth and a “control” or “signaling” layer that insures that advanced features (such as call forwarding, call waiting, 800 numbers, etc.) are applied to the calls as appropriate. By contrast, what exists today in data networks is generally only the “transport” infrastructure, and there is no separate “control” layer. This missing element is shown as the shaded area in Chart 1. The architecture under development by Bellcore and Cisco that is described in this report focuses primarily on creating a separate control infrastructure for the data side of Chart 1. This helps integrate the voice and data transport layers and establishes a mechanism for providing advanced services to data networks. Chart 1: The Missing Component for a Converged Voice/Data Environment Missing Component Telephone Control (Bellcore/Cisco Developing) Environment (SS7) Control Layer Transport Layer Data Telephone Network Network (Packet Switches) (Circuit Switches) Source: JPMS. Structure of This Report The full picture of how all of the pieces of the new converged architecture fit together is shown in this report in Chart 10 on page 13. However, jumping right into the converged network may be a bit too complex for everyone. Therefore, for clarity, this report builds up to the total picture starting with the telephone portion of the overall architecture and then moves to the data side. So, the first few sections of this report simply represent a summary of the existing voice and data infrastructures. Investors who are up to speed on today’s voice and data architectures can skip the first few sections and begin with the paragraph titled “New Architectural Design Features of Bellcore and Cisco,” which begins on page 12. This Report Is Not Overly Technical This report is for everyone. You do not need to have a technical background. There are lots of graphics and every technology term is explained in the report. The attempt is to describe the new technical concepts of voice-data convergence in nontechnical terms. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Equity Research William D. Rabin (1-415) 954-9283 4 [email protected] Who Is Bellcore? Since this report examines the new architecture being developed by Bellcore and Cisco, a short description of Bellcore is appropriate. Before the breakup of AT&T (T/$70.06/Market Performer), Bell Labs provided research and development services for all organizational units of AT&T. Bellcore was established in January 1984 as the research and development center for the newly divested Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), matching up with Bell Labs, which stayed with AT&T. Bell Labs is, of course, part of Lucent today. Working with the RBOCs and AT&T, Bellcore has been
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