2996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 14, 1966 development of a country where infant mor 1961. I can also speak of him from a per Michigan when he got out and taught there tality is over 50 percent and the people don't sonal familiarity with his knowledge of and at the University of Pennsylvania. In know the significance of feces disposal, water Latin America and the respect Latins hold 1949 he offered his services to USIA and from impurities, or sound diet. It has proved the for him. there had the spectacular span of Govern fea.sib111ty and efficacy o;! intensive language What an unusual combination of experi ment service and rise of personal success and cultural preparation of our foreign ence. Jack Vaughn has served in virtually previously recounted. cadres, of having them live within the com all of our overseas agencies-the State De In the Peace Corps, Jack Vaughn built munities they serve rather than in isolated partment as Assistant Secretary of State for the Latin American program from insig American ghettos, of having them receive Latin America and before that as Ambassador nificance to the dominant program. He was compensation comparable to their host to Panama; our foreign aid agency as mis a man who was universally respected in a counterparts and play roles not as superior sion director in Senegal; he started his Gov highly competitive organization and whose advisers but as coequals. ernment career in the early days of USIA advice and counsel were sought by all. As The future expansion of our foreign assist in Bolivia and Costa Rica; and, of course, he a boss, he encouraged his associates to inno ance endeavors should be along lines dem served as a Regional Director o;! the Peace vate and inspired from them an indescribable onstrated successful by the Peace Corps Corps itself. devotion which led to ·uncanny productivity. and no more appropriate person could be The geographic diversity of his foreign This human quality no doubt played an im found than Jack Hood Vaughn to preside experience has been broad, bringing him in portant part in his continuing series of suc over this extension. direct contact with two of the three conti cesses and his warm following among his Indeed, by standards of experience, knowl nents of the world with which the Peace associates and the foreign peoples with whom edge, abllity, personality, character, and Corps deals-Africa and Latin America--and he worked. He was immensely popular and temperament, no equal could be conjured. with incomparable breadth and depth where respected both as Ambassador to Panama and Jack Vaughn is a close personal friend and the greatest Peace Corps concentration of ac previously as ICA mission chief in Senegal became so when he was my boss at the tivity lies, in Latin America. as well as at his other posts. The universal Peace Corps. He was Regional Director for Jack Vaughn's rise to responsibllity has acclaim he received from all Latin capitals Latin America and I, Director of Programs been meteoric and hard won. He came up during his recent trip as Assistant Secretary for the west coast of South America under the hard way, by his bootstraps. It's a real of State is well known and recognized as a him, virtually from the start of the Peace American success story worthy of Horatio major contribution to our Latin American Corps. Alger-how a golden gloves fighter from Co I, therefore, am able to speak of him from lumbus, Mont., going under the inauspi relations. a vantage point of an associate as well as a cious pseudonym of "Johnny Hood" made It gives me great pleasure to give this friend, and as a person intimately familiar good. He graduated from the University nomination my unqualified praise and to with the Peace Corpe operation he is to of Michigan in 1943 and volunteered for the urge upon you and the committee the con head, for I was the second staff member Marine Corps where his talents earned him firmation of a most unusually well qualified brought on board by Mr. Shriver to formu promotion from private to captain in just man for this job of great national and inter late the concept of a Peace Corps early in 3 years. He got a master's degree from national importance.
Baptist Convention, Jackson, Miss., of ments in which the concurrence of the SENATE · fered the following prayer: House is requested, a bill of the House MONDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1966 Mark 6: 34: And Jesus, when He came of the following title: out, saw much people, and was moved H.R. 6845. An act to correct inequities The Senate met at 10 o'clock a.m., with respect to the basic compensation of and was called to order by Hon. ROBERT with compassion toward them, because teachers and teaching positions under the c. BYRD, a Senator from the State of they were as sheep not having a shep Defense Department Overseas Teachers Pay West Virginia. herd: and He began to teach them many and Personnel Practices Act. things. Our Heavenly Father, we thank Thee The message also announced that the DESIGNATION OF ACTING PRESI for Thy great mercy and oompassion as Senate had passed a joint resolution and DENT PRO TEMPORE revealed by Jesus. a concurrent resolution of the following This day we recognize ourselves as in titles, in which the concurrence of the The legislative clerk read the follow House is requested: ing letter: dividuals needing guidance and wisdom U.S. SENATE, even as the shepherdless sheep in His S.J. Res. 63. _Joint resolution authorizing PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, day. the President to invite the States of the Washington, D.O., February 14, 1966. Look upon us with love and mercy and Union and foreign nations to participate in To the Senate: grant unto us that we may know Thy the International Petroleum Exposition to Being temporarily absent from the Senate, be held at Tulsa, Okla., Ma.y 12 through 21, will for us, and having known it, give 1966; and I appoint Hon. ROBERT C. BYRD, a Senator us the courage to act accordingly. from the State of West Virginia, to perform S. Con. Res. 68. Concurrent resolution rec the duties of the Chair during my absence. Make Thy presence known in a spe ognizing the 50th anniversary of the char CARL HAYDEN, cial way to this assembled body as they tering by act of Congress of the Boy scouts President pro tempore. deliberate this day. of America. Forgive us our sins and lead us in ways The message also announced that the Mr. BYRD of West Virginia thereupon of righteousness. took the chair as Acting President pro Senate agrees to the amendments of the tempo re. We pray in the name of Christ and for House to a bill of the Senate of the The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem His sake and in His presence. Amen. following title: pore. Under its previous order, the Sen S. 1407. An act for the relief of Frank E. ate stands adjourned until Wednesday Lipp. noon next. THE JOURNAL The Journal of the proceedings of THE WASHINGTON POST HAS NOT Thursday, February 10, 1966, was read ADJOURNMENT TO WEDNESDAY PRINTED THE TRUTH and approved. Thereupon (at 10 o'clock and 16 sec Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, onds a.m.), the Senate adjourned under I ask unanimous consent to address the the order of Thursday, February 10, 1966, MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT House for 1 minute and include extrane until Wednesday, February 16, 1966, at ous matter. 12 o'clock meridian. Sundry messages in writing from the The SPEAKER. Is there objection President of the United States were com to the request of the gentleman from municated to the House by Mr. Geisler, Missouri? one of his secretaries. There was no objection. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES - Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, MoNnAY, FEBRUARY I realize that there is an open season 14, 1966 MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE on Congressmen at all times, and that The House met at 12 o'clock noon. A message from the Senate, by Mr. newspapers feel privileged to take pot Rev. Ralph B. Winders, director, de Arrington, one of its clerks, announced shots at us at any time they so desire. partment of student work, Mississippi that the Senate had passed, with amend- But I do think there are certain ethics February 14, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 2997 and certain rules of sportsmanship that in Illinois, the local content of which is of newspapers and other news media ob should be observed. no interest :whatsoever to the audience in serve some accuracy and some truth, and Poplar Bluff, who would prefer the programs especially when they lie, to make them I am referring to an article that ap from the St. Louis station which are received peared in the-I will call it the Washing via CATV with greater clarity, more satis retract those lies. I am incensed over ton Post; I have another name for it- faction, and preferred, I believe, by all of this thing. I will admit that I am emo when they included under my picture a those who are connected with the CATV in tional about it, but I will not stand by statement that I was one who had con Poplar Bluff. and permit someone to try to besmirch tacted the FCC on behalf of Midwest - Regretting that your reporter did not see my reputation. That is the most valu Video. I have written a letter to the fit to contact me before carrying the story able thing I have in this world, a good which gave an entirely erroneous impression, reputation, and I intend to keep it. managing editor or· publisher of the and reflected on my integrity and my recog Washington Post. I know, and I have nition of my responsibility to the constit CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, been advised, that it will not be printed. uents whom I a.m privileged to represent, I HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Though I c.annot get the letter printed am, Washington, D.C., September 20, 1965. in the newspaper, I am going to get it be Respectfully yours, HON. E. WILLIAM HENRY, fore the public. I might say that I wrote PAUL c. JONES, Chairman, Federal Communications Com Member of Congress. mission, Was.hington, D.C. this letter yesterday, and I was angry and DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I am the Congress incensed when !'wrote it: I would like to insert as a part of my man from the 10th District of Missouri which CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, remarks a letter that I wrote to the emcompasses Poplar Bluff. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, FCC on September 30, 1955, in response A considerable number of my constituents Washington, D.C., February 13, 1966. to a number of letters from my con in Poplar Bluff are presently subscribers to MANAGING EDITOR AND/OR PuBLISHER, stituents complaining about one feature the Midwest Video CATV system. I am in The Washington Post, formed that these constituents presently Washington, D.C. of a decision that · they had, and they receive TV service from the stations in St. DEAR Sm: With reference to an article were asking for a rehearing. On this Louis, via microwave service, which is thor which appeared in the Post today, may I state I asked permisslon to appear and to oughly satisfactory to such persons. I am categorically that the individual who was present the facts on behalf of my constit also informed that, as a result of the Com responsible . for the caption which appeared uents. mission's recent decision in July 1965, in below my picture on page 10, is a reprehen I do not care a tinker's dam about docket No. 14321 regarding the microwave sible, contemptuous, malicious liar, when he Midwest Video or any other company, licenses of Black Hills Video Corp. which wrote that I had "contacted FCC on behalf but I am interested in my constituents in brings these signals to Poplar Bluff, the serv of Midwest Video." ice to my constituents who are subscribers Furthermore, I state that there was libel southeast Missouri, and any time I feel may be seriously affected--at least as to the ous intent, when no effort was made to ascer that their interests are not being best programs of one of the principal networks. tain from me the accuracy of that statement, served, I reserve the right to go to any There is pending before the Commission especially in view of the fact that I was agency of the Government-to the Presi a petition for reconsideration and rehearing called on the telephone about 2 p.m., Satur dent of the United States, 1f necessary. and Black Hills has asked the Commission day, February 12, to inquire if I could fur And if that is treason, make the most of to hear argument on the impact of the li nish the Post with a late photograph. I it. cense conditions which the Commission's asked no question as to what use was to be decision has imposed. These conditions will made of the photograph, presuming that it Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the seriously affect service to my constituents, was to be used in connection with one of sev gentleman yield? particularly sfnce it will require the CATV eral statements which I have made on the Mr. JONES of Missouri. I am pleased system to black out the more desirable St. :floor of the House since the reconvening of to yield to the gentleman from Iowa. Louis signal for a poorer quality signal this session of Congress. The party who Mr. GROSS. I was wondering yester which comes from an out-of-State station called requesting this photograph expressed day what was generating all that thun through a repeater station located in Poplar surprise that I would be in my office on Sat der and lightning around River House Bluff. The people of this community are urday afternoon. What I am saying is that I. Nowiknow. · interested in the affairs of the State of Mis there was an opportunity to check with me souri, and the programs which come from a at that time to determine the accuracy of the Mr. JONES of Missouri. I was up station located in one of their principal cities statement which was to be used in connec ·here in the o'fHce when that storm was are more important to them than those from tion with the picture. It was about 3 p.m. going on, but that storm was not half a station in Illinois. Saturday when a messenger from your news as powerful as I felt at that time. I think, in the circumstances, and since paper called to pick up the photograph. ' Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, will the the decision was adopted by only a 3-to-2 By inference, innuendo, and insinuation, gentleman yield? vote, that the entire Commission should you have left the impression that I have been Mr. JONES of Missouri. I am pleased hear the arguments made by Black Hllls as involved in some sinister, illegal, and unethi to yield to the gentleman from Louisi to why it would be unfair to the subscribers cal a.ct.tons which I feel was intended to re to impose such conditions. flect upon my reputation. I will not sit idly ana. As the duly elected Representative of these by, permitting this inference to stand' Mr. BOGGS. I think the gentleman's people, I respectfully request that the Com unchallenged. anger is just and proper. I read the mission grant me the privilege of appearing As a former newspaperman, a graduate of story. I know the man who wrote the before it in this rehearing to place before it the University of Missouri School of Journal article. I had considered him fair the facts as to the impact of its decision ism, and one who has spent approximately minded and objective. I am surprised upon my constituents. half his life as an editor and publisher, I be to see him write such an unfair story. I would apprecia.te your careful considera lieve I am acquainted with what I consider He did not do me the courtesy of calling tion of this request and being advised of to be one of the first obligations of a newspa · your determination in the matter. I am per, and that is to publish the truth, and to me which was surprising. He had plenty taking the liberty of sending copies of this not rely on assumptions or presumptions, as of time to talk to me. He did not think letter to each Commissioner directly, and was obviously done by the writer of the arti about calling me because "his story" would appreciate your notifying the parties cle in question. may have been cluttered up with facts of my request. I am herewith demanding a full retraction rather than unfounded allegations of Sincerely yours, of your statement, insofar as it refers to me; pressure or influence. PAUL c. JONES, an acknowledgment that it was an error; and I .make the same denial as the gentle Member of Congress. a public apology for suggesting or inferring that I was acting on behalf of either Midwest man. My office in a routine fashion sent Video or their Mr. Morrell, whom I do not a letter asking for a report. · THE CRITICS know and with whom I have had no dealings When the time comes that a Member of any kind or character. · of · Congress cannot ask an agency for a Mr. BURKE. Mr. Speaker, I ask The only connection I have had in any report, then we do not have a democracy. unanimous consent to address the House way with Midwest Video's controversy with I have no connection with any of these for 1 minute and include extraneous FCC, is the forwarding to the FCC of cor people of any nature, type, or description, matter. re~pondence from constituents of mine, liv · and I have no interest in them. The SPEAKER. Is there objection ing in Poplar Bluff, Mo., expressing their op JONES I to the request of the gentleman from position to the blacking out of one channel Mr. of Missouri. thank the in St. Louis, carrying a national network gentleman. Massachusetts? program, in order to protect a satellite (re Mr. Speaker, the Members of this There was no objection. peater) station in Poplar Bluff which re House and the Members of Congress must Mr. BURKE. Mr. Speaker, may I take broadcasts programs from a parent station take it upon themselves to make the this opportunity to bring to the attention 2998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE Febr.uary 14., 1966 of the Members of the U.S. Congress a expert in southeast Asian affairs or has the nal courts of New York City on problems of very well written editorial that appeared latest inside information from the Govern administration and procedure. ment available to him. He was extremely knowledgeable about city in the Quincy Patriot Ledger on Febru The American people should realize from affairs and active in civic organizations, par ary 12, 1966, Lincoln's Birthday. It whence comes the opposition to the Johnson ticularly those involving Americans of Italian points up the problems that President policy. It may be helpful to the Senators descent. Johnson faces with many of the so-called to get varied opinions on the Vietnamese In tribute to him, Bernard, the presiding experts who are making divisive state situation, but the Foreign Relations Com justice of the appellate division, first depart ments. It is timely and pinpoints the mittee would perform a greater service by ment, said yesterday, "The State has lost a arguments over Vietnam that are being getting the views of persons who are em great and learned judge, and the court a brought into focus somewhat by the Sen inently qualified authorities on southeast stanch and cherished comrade." Asian affairs. Judge Valente was born in Greenwich Vil ate Foreign Relations Committee's hear lage. At his death, he still lived in that ings and the dire need for getting the area, at 37 Washington Square West. He views from those persons who are emi was educated in the public schools and then nently qualified authorities on southeast JUSTICE FRANCIS L. VALENTE went to New York University, where he re Asian affairs. Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani ceived a bachelor of science degree in 1926 It and a law degree the next year. He was ad is my opinion that unqualified per mous consent to address the House for 1 mitted to the bar in 1928 and was in private sons, whether in Government or outside minute, to revise and extend my remarks, practice until 1944, .specializing in corporate, of Government, should be more discreet and to include extraneous matter. probate, and criminal law. in their statements to the public con The SPEAKER. Is there objection cerning Vietnam unless they have all to the request of the gentleman from FIRST ELECTED IN 1945 In 1945, ~. Valente, a Democrat and a the facts before them. The security of New York? nephew of State Supreme Court Justice the United States is too serious a prob There was no objection. Louis A. Valente, was elected judge of the lem, and the subject matter should not Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, the New court of general sessions. Five yea.rs later be bandied about by reckless individuals York State judiciary has lost one of its he was elected to the supreme court. A few who are careless with the facts: most illustrious members. Justice Fran mon:ths after he took oftlce in 1956, he was The article follows: cis L. Valente, of the Appellate Division named to the appellate division by Gov. W. THE CRITICS of the New York State Supreme Court, Averell Harriman and in 1961 he was reap died Friday night. pointed by Governor Rockefeller. While President Johnson pushes ahead One of the most widely publicized rulings seeking the best way for peace in Vietnam Justice Valente ·was a careful lawyer. was made in the general sessions court dur without utter surrender by the United As demonstrated by his steady rise in the ing the 1953 trial of Minot F. Jelke, the heir States-it ls worthwhile to look at who ls judiciary, he was also a careful and con to an oleomargarine fortune, on charges of rocking the boat. scientious judge. He served as a judge of procuring women for prostitution. The The latest "experts" to blast off at the the court of general sessions from 1945 to judge baned the press and the public from President are Senator WAYNE MORSE, who has 1955 when he was elected to the supreme the court "in the interests of good morals" trouble agreeing with anyone, and former and to curtail reporting of a trial "steeped Ambassador .George Kennan, whose back court. A few months after he took office in 1956, he was named to the appellate in filth." ground doesn't show any skill in dealing with This ruling was reversed by the court of the problems of southeast Asia. division by Gov. Averell Harriman. In appeals in 1955, which held that Jelke had Mr. Kennan thinks the United States 1961 he was reappointed by Governor been improperly convicted because of this should "dig in and wait," neither withdraw Rockefeller. refusal to allow the press and the public into ing nor escalating untll a political solution As an assistant district attorney for the court. However, Jelke was retried the can be reached. New York County, I was privilege to ap same year, convicted, and sent to Sing Sing Senator MORSE ls harping away at fears Prison. ihat President Johnson ls leading the coun pear often before Judge Valente in the try into a war with China while keeping the court of general sessions. He presided NEW YORK UNIVERSITY ALUMNI PRESIDENT American people in the dark as .to what his over many trials which I prosecuted. He Ju.st.ice Valente was president of the New intentions are. This was the Senator's line was always considerate and always con York University Alumni Federation from in a speech this week at Boston University scious of the rights of both the defendant 1956 until his death and president of the in which he claimed that the "Government and the people. He thoroughly under New York University Law Alumni Associa has led us so far down the road to govern stood complicated questions of fact and tion from 1959 to 1961. He was a member ment by secrecy you don't know what the law. It was a pleasure to try a case be of the Elks, the Grand Street Boys, and the facts are." Holy Name Society. In 1956, he recetved an Mr. Kennan may. be a reputed authority fore him. Through this association I honorary doctor of laws degree from Man on Communist affairs, but his service in the knew at first hand Justice Valente's great hattan College. He served as American Soviet Union was as an Ambassador during ability as a trial judge, and he became a chairman of the advisory board of research the Stalin era. He has also held State De valued friend. of the Italian-United States Center of Ju partment planning positions and he retired On Saturday, Justice Bernard Botein, dicial Studies in Milan. as Ambassador to Yugoslavia in 1963 after 2 presiding justice of the appellate division, years of service. Mr. Kennan is not an au [From the New York Herald Tribune, Feb. 13, thority on southeast Asia and has had no spoke for the entire court when he said: 1966] diplomatic service in the Far East. The State has lost a great and learned JUSTICE FRANCIS L. VALENTE Senator MORSE is a lawyer, a former pro judge and the court a stanch and cherished comrade. Justice Francis L. Valente, of the State fessor of law, and a nominally Democratic supreme court's appellate division, a central Senator who. knows little about southeast . I want to take this occasion to express figure in a Tammany Hall fight in 1948, died Asia. It is not particularly surprising that at University Hospital Friday night. He he disagrees with the President on Vietnam, my heartfelt sympathy to Mrs. Valente and their two sons, Francis, Jr., and was 60. since he has seldom demonstrated a construc The Carmine DeSapio faction of the New tive attitude on any important issue. Peter. York County Democratic Party chose Justice The arguments over Vietnam are being Mr. Speaker, I include at this point in Valente as its candidate, in 1948, for Sur brought into focus somewhat by the Sen the RECORD articles about Justice Valente rogate of New York County over the protests ate Foreign Relations Committee's hearings. which appeared on February 13, 1966, in of Mayor O'Dwyer and Tammany leader These hearings ultimately may result in a the New York Times and the New Yqrk Frank J. Sampson. meaningful debate of objectives and methods The original DeSapio choice had been Jus in southeast Asia. Herald Tribune: [From the New York Times, Feb. 13, 1966] tice Valente's uncle, Supreme Court Jus But so far the results have not been en tice :t,.ouis A. Valente. He was withdrawn tirely useful. FRANCIS VALENTE, JUSTICE, 60, DEAD--!N AP after protests by leaders of the bar. Francis Secretary of State Dean Rusk has once PELLATE DIVISION OF STATE SUPREME COURT Valente, a general sessions court judge at again gone over the administration's policy SINCE 1956 the time, became the substitute. without adding much new to the picture Francis L. Valente, associate justice of the The ensuing furor, which threatened to and without convincing the Government's appellate division of the State supreme · bring a primary fight between Francis critics. court, .died Friday night at University Hos Valente and Vincent Impellitteri, led to the With the exception of Mr. Rusk, who is pital at the age of 60. He suffered a heart ouster of Mr. Sampson. Peace within Tam obviously informed on the day-to-day de attack 2 weeks ago. many was restored when Francis Valente tails on the overall thrust of American policy, Justice Valente had been the liaison be withdrew as a candidate and Hugh E. Rogers none of the other witnesses qualifies as an tween the appellate division and the crimi- became the compromise candidate. February 14, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 2999 JELKE CASE underprivileged youngsters. It is one The SPEAKER. Is there objection Five years later, in 1953, Justice Valente of the most promising long-range pro to the request of the gentleman from against became a controversial figure, as grams of the war on poverty. Michigan? general sessions judge trying the sensational If the proper groundwork had been case of Minot "Mickey" F. Jelke, heir to an There was no objection. oleomargarine fortune, who was charged with done early in January, some 49 groups Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, forcing women into compulsory prostitution approved by the Federal Office of Eco 1 week ago I spoke in this Chamber on behind the doors of cafe society. nomic Opportunity would have been the problem of free world shipping to "In the interest of good morals," Justice making plans. The funds could have North Vietnam and what I felt could Valente banned the public and the press from been put to work, and children could and should be done about it. Among the courtroom while pretty call girls gave have been in preschool education by now. other things I suggested that we estab the intimate details of their work with Mr. On February 11, 6 weeks later, not a lish a blacklist of these ships which Jelke. single approved group had been officially As a result of the ban. the court of ap would prohibit them from carrying U.S. peals rUled that Mr. Jelke was entitled to a notified by the city that funds were avail Government-financed cargoes. Such a new trial. Justice Valente again presided, able or authorized to proceed. blacklist has existed for 3 years with and the young heir was again convicted and Now, even after the groups are noti respect to those trading with Cuba. I am sentenced to 3 to 6 years in prison, of which fied, it will take some time to get started. gratified to be able to acknowledge that he served 2. From my investigation, Mr. Speaker, late last week I was informed by the During his 10 years as general sessions it is clear that there is no excuse for this State Department, in a response to my judge, 1945 to 1955, Justice Valente liked to long delay in implementing the Head letter of February 4 urging the President make moral pronouncements on cases before start programs. There is no way to him. In 1950, he convicted a man and a to take such action, that such a blacklist woman for lllegally placing babies with make up the time lost forever. There is has been approved. The details of this foster parents and taking a fee for their no way to repay these children with edu Presidential order are found in the Fed service. Justice Valente called this a nau cation that they did not get. There is eral Register of Saturday, February 12, seating and revolting practice of trading in no way to go back. 1966, on page 2706. hmnan fiesh. Yesterday I sent both the mayor of In my opinion, such action is overdue In 1953, when he sentenced two public New York and the Director of the Office since our official policy too long has loaders working on the New York piers of Economic Opportunity telegrams urg for extortion, he denounced "the craven sur maintained a double standard of exempt render of business to crime in the interest of ing immediate action to break this bot ing those who trade with Ho Chi Minh 'business as usual.' " tleneck and make these funds available from the penalties imposed on those who He was born in New York City and received to the children of New Y.ork City. trade with Castro. In no way should the his law degree from Manhattan College. Ad The telegram is as follows: Hanoi regime be led to think we mitted to the bar in 1928, he maintained a FEBRUARY 13, 1966. consider trade with them in any sense private practice until 1944, when he was Mayor JOHN v. LINDSAY, less detrimental to our national interest named to the bench. In 1955 he was elected New York, N.Y. to the supreme court. Hon. SARGENT SHRIVER, than trade with Cuba. He was appointed to the appellate divi Director, Office of Economic Opportunity, This action is a step in the right di sion in 1956 and reappointed in 1961. Washington, D.C.: rection and I shall continue to press for Bernard Botein, presiding justice of the Urge action to insure immediate use of the enactment of legislation prohibiting appellate division, said yesterday, "the State $6.5 m1111on made available on December 27, free world ships that aid Hanoi from has lost a great and learned judge and the 1965, by Federal Government for New York doing any business whatsoever in U.S. court a stanch and cherished comrade." City Headstart programs. Some 11,843 Justice Valente was president of the New needy children have lost forever more than ports-public or private-and to insure York University Alumni Federation from a month of essential preschool education. that no U.S. aid goes to any country that 1956 until his death, and president of the There ls no excuse. · allow its ships to help supply North Viet New York University Law Alumni Associa WILLIAM F. RYAN, nam's war economy. We have tolerated tion from 1959 to 1961. Member of Congress. this aid and comfort to Ho Chi Minh far He was a member of the Elks, the Grand too long. Street Boys Association, the Holy Name So ciety, the Catholic Club, and a number of .AUTHORITY FOR SPEAKER TO law associations. · Manhattan College awarded him an hon DESIGNATE MEMBER TO READ THE PROBLEM OF FREE WORLD orary doctor of laws degree in 1956. WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL AD SHIPPING TO NORTH VIETNAM: Surviving at the home, 37 Washington DRESS ON FEBRUARY 22 WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO Square West, is his wife, Aurelia. He also ABOUT IT? leaves two sons, Francis, Jr., and Peter C. Mr. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Valente. unanimous consent that on Tuesday, Mr. DICKINSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask A requiem Mass will be offered at 10 a.m. February 22, 1966, George Washington's unanimous consent to address the House Tuesday in St. Joseph's Church, 371 Avenue Farewell Address may be read by a Mem for 1 minute and to revise and extend my of the Americas. ber to be designated by the Speaker. remarks. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. Is there objection the request of the gentleman from to the request of the gentleman from HEADSTART · PROGRAM IN NEW Louisiana? Alabama?! YORK CITY There was no objection. There was no objection. Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan Mr. DICKINSON. Mr. Speaker, on imous consent to extend my remarks at DESIGNATION OF MRS. MINK TO various occasions, I have called upon this this point in the RECORD and include administration to bring an end to the extraneous matter. READ WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL shipment on their ships by our allies of ADDRESS The SPEAKER. Is there objection goods for our enemies in North Vietnam. to the request of the gentleman from The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the spe I made speeches from this rostrum of the New York? cial order agreed to today, the Chair House calling for an end to free world There was no objection. designates the gentlewoman from shipping to North Vietnam by any means Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, on Decem Hawaii [Mrs. MINK] to read Washing necessary: Specifically, I did so on Jan ber 27, 1965, as a new administration ton's Farewell Address immediately fol uary 12, January 19, January 26, and was taking office in the city of New York, lowing the approval of the Journal on February 2. the Office of Economic Opportunity made February 22, 1966. In the hearings of the Senate For $6.5 million available to New York City eign Relations Committee a week ago, it was said that the Brit"sh could effect an to provide Headstart programs for some THE PROBLEM OF FREE WORLD 11,843 of our youngest and . neediest embargo on Rhodesia with ·our over children. We are all familiar with Op SHIPPING TO NORTH VIE'INAM eager help in 48 hours. Yet we have been eration Headstart, which puts Federal Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker, I unable to get their support in cutting off antipoverty funds to work through local ask unanimous consent to address the the supply of the Vietcongs by sea. After groups to provide preschool education to House for 1 minute. many months of effort, Britain is still the 3000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 14, 1966 No. 1 violator among the free world na The full text of the editorial by Colonel Agency by section 6 of the National Capi tions. Griffin follows: tal Transportation Act of 1965-Public On December 21, I telegraphed the THE QUF.BTIONS THAT PATRIOTS SHOULD ASK Law 89-173. President urging action on this and, to The pursuit of the war in Vietnam has Nineteen hundred and sixty-five was this date, I have received nothing more been a d.emonstration of a series of wrong marked by significant advances toward than an acknowledgment from the White "estimates of the situation." solving the transportation problems of House. This is a term that is used by military peo the Washington area. Now, finally, the administration has ple, usually preliminary to a decision to Congress approved plans for a rapid stuck out its chest and announced that, move, to remain in place, go backwards, or what have you. It is a term particularly of transit system, authorized its construc as of January 25-25 days after my tele military intelligence. Nearly everything that tion, and authorized grants from the gram-it was blacklisting any vessel is involved in the strength and weaknesses Federal and District Governments as a shipping goods into, or out of, the North of the enemy is comprehended within the first stage in financing its development. Vietnam port of Haiphong. "estimate of the situation." As soon as funds were made available, Mr. Speaker, I applaud this action. And, of course, tl:.e enemy also is ma.king the Transportation Agency began the However, it seems to raise this ques his estimate of the elements of strength and necessary work still remaining before ac tion. We have been fighting in Vietnam weakness in your situation, local, regional, tual construction can begin. since mid-1962. We have suffered 2,005 global. President Charles de Gaulle gave the late There is, nonetheless, much left to do. dead and 9,658 wounded through Feb President John F. Kennedy his estimate of The rapid transit system will achieve ruary 7, 1966, and spent almost uncount the situation in Vietnam and suggested that maximum usefulness only when it is ex able billions. the United States begin a process of seeking tended into Maryland and Virginia sub Why, Mr. Speaker, are we just start peace immediately. urbs. The interstate compact among ing to blacklist these ships? Either it The late President was not convinced by Maryland, Virginia, and the District of should have been done 3 years ago or General de Gaulle's estimate and decided, Columbia will be promptly presented to this is a blind to avoid effective action, contrariwise, to become more involved. That was the tragic beginning of escalation-the Congress for its consent, in order that diplomatic or naval. beginning of an infantry war of Americans the interstate authority may develop It simply boils down to this. If black against Asians on Asian land among Asian plans for a full regional system and a listing is not effective, why bother with people, the last thing the U.S. Army ever financial plan for its construction. Ar it at all. If it is effective, why did we wanted to be engaged in again after Korea. rangements must be perfected to trans not do it in 1962 or 1963 instead of wait Up to this time this wasn't a war in which fer the responsibility for the system in an ing until 1 week ago. U.S. ground forces were engaged, but one 1n orderly and proper way from the Agency Mr. Speaker, I suggest that the Ameri which U.S. materiel backed by a handful of to the interstate authority. These tasks can fighting men in Vietnam have a right advisers was sent to the assistance of a friendly government. Now by degrees it be are not easy, and it will require diligent to know the answer to this question. So came our war. Escalation by manpower be effort on the part of many people and do the American people. came a fact. agencies to master the problems that One further question: Is this all we When President Lyndon Johnson took the remain. are going to do about free world shipping oath of office he inherited a war as well as a The .Congress can be assured, however, to North Vietnam? vast, scattered domestic program. that all of these problems are being given Determined to do everything better and the fullest and most diligent considera faster than his predecessor, he was psycho tion, and that none of them will be al THE QUESTIONS THAT PATRIOTS logically prepared to provide the force nec essary to push this war to an early conclu lowed to stand in the way of an uninter SHOULD ASK sion. After all, it was a war against the rupted schedule of construction. Mr. TALCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask spread of communism, which was and is fur LYNDON B. JOHNSON. unanimous consent to address the House ther justification. THE WHITE HOUSE, February 14, 1966. Surely his advisers gave him an estimate for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re of the situation. That called for escalation. marks, and to include extraneous matter. It didn't work very well. Then came a fur The SPEAKER. Is there objection ther estimate and a further escalation. That PRESERVATION OF WILDERNESS to the request of the gentleman from also fell short. And so on until nearly AREAS-MESSAGE FROM THE California ?I 200,000 American troops became hostages to PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED There was no objection. this war, and North Vietnam came under STATES
tion went from $18.3 million to $33 ~8 tration activities in the Cleveland area. GSA expenditures of $24.7 million in million, while Federal assistance for re The expenditures for these groups went fiscal year 1965. training and vocational assistance went from $67 .1 million in fiscal year 1964 to The results of these studies and some from $4.7 million to $18.5 million. $88 million in fiscal year 1965, with post final summary conclusions are listed here A week later, a study of foreign aid office expenditures of $53 million and in the RECORD: was completed which showed that 83 greater Cleveland area firms received To"tal expenditures of all Federal agencies in the Cleveland area AID production and technical assistance contracts for $4,911,650 in fiscal year 1965. Fiscal year 1964 1965 At the beginning of September, I re Judicial branch: Administrative Office of t he U.S. Courts______i $850, 000 $860,000 leased a study on Federal assistance to Legislative branch: · cities and noted that the Bureau of Pub General Accounting Office ______,:______1670,500 678, 800 Government Pr inting Office------381, 853 526, 138 lic Roads spent almost $83 million in the E xecutive branch: Cleveland area in fiscal year 1965. D epartment of Commerce______51, 810, 055 78, 818, 781 HHFA, since the inception o"f its various D epartment of Defense 2______------129, 729, 000 124, 815, 000 D epartment of Health, Education, and Welfare ______------134, 017, 454 141, 968, 057 programs, has committed a staggering (Social security benefits to rest of county) _------+ 70, 000, 000 +10, 000, 000 $1.248 billion to the Cleveland area. Of D epartment of Housing and Urban Development __ ------56, 319, 432 59, 931, 414 Department of Agriculture______6, 707, 174 7, 712, 319 this amount, $983 million was in FHA's Department of the I nterior __ ------1 800 000 825, 045 mortgage guarantee program, $12.5 mil Department of L abor __ ------6, 113: 396 8, 213, 238 lion in public housing, $13 million in sub Department of J ustice______1, 116, 000 1, 176, 000 4 53, 857, 355 sidized senior housing, $14.7 million in 4, 911, 650 college dorm construction, and offers of Departmentb~;a?l!C:nPifs of the~ ~~e2~~ T reas ~==ur =y= _= _= == ------======,12,~ : 4~gz:23, 000ggg 12, 649, 000 Atomic Energy Commission __ ------29, 186, 000 2, 247, 000 $59 million for urban renewal assistance, Civil Aeronau tics Board ______------(3) (3) of which only $14 million has been used E xport-Import Bank of Washington loans ___ ------3, 650, 000 3, 650, 000 F ederal Aviation Agency______2, 538, 638 2, 449, 000 thus far. · Federal Communications Commission __ ------450 3, 450 On September 10, I listed the independ F ederal Mediation and Conciliat ion Service __ ------189, 680 198, 363 F ederal Power Commission __ ------______(3) (3) ent regulatory agencies with offices in F eder al Reserve System ______------______------(4) (•) Cleveland working for the public's bene F ederal T rade CommissiOD------117, 000 117, 000 fit. These small but very important General Services Administration ______8, 704, 000 24, 690, 000 I nterstate Commerce Commission______101, 675 101, 675 Government offices spend a little over $4 N ational Aeronautics and Space Administration __ ------81, 910, 000 84, 195, 000 million a year in Cleveland. N at ional L abor R elations B oard------·-- 454, 000 504, 000 15, 000 Toward the end of September, I 8, 907, 477 found that the Federal Government in 14, 451, 665 MR~~~:railroad~ :1~~::!Retiremen~t~~Jt~ii~======Board __ ------======------======-= --== --- -1-- 15~,~ 000~~~,~ 000~ - 15, 173, 326 fiscal year 1965 spent $312 million in St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation______800 000 900, 000 Cleveland on health and welfare activi Securities and Exchange Commission______1120: 000 124, 165 190, 266 ties, a figure up $10 million from fiscal 11, 700, 000 year 1964. Included in this was $150 142, 005 million in social security benefits to the ~iE~t~i1~ib~'.~~~~= ~=:= ~==~~~==~== : =~~~~~~~~~~= = ~ ~=~=~ =~~~~~~~ ~ ~ 1 146, 639, 952 !====,,i, ======! i ======county-a figure which will rise to $214 Grand total: & million in fiscal year 1966-and $147 mil City-----______- ---______745, 250, 000 827, 346, 000 lion for the assistance of veterans. County ___ __------_ 815, 250, 000 897, 342, 000 On October 15, a study on Federal law enforcement expenditures was an l Estimated. 2 These 3 _Departments' figures are for ~he Greater q 1eveland metropolitan area. Although all the other figures nounced, showing that about $4.3 million are for the city of Cleveland, they may (with the excep tion of HEW) be used for county figures as well, since Federal was spent in Cleveland on this area. activity in the county is generally centered through a city office. T he activities of the three Depar tments in the Greater Cleveland metropolitan area cannot te separated from the economy of the city of Clevelanct. A defense and space programs study a N o regular expenditures Cleveland area. - was released on October 30, and, not • T he Cleveland bank actually returns large su ms to the Federal Treasury. counting veterans assistance, showed, a The grand total has been rounded to thousands an d it (and the figures composing it) include no double accounting. despite a decline, $230 million spent on FEDERAL TAX REVENUES FROM THE figures for the internal revenue tax dis these activities in the Cleveland area. In C;LEVELAND AREA fiscal year 1965, defense procurement trict of 47 C'.ounties. For purposes of was $102.7 million, Atomic Energy Com One of the major purposes of initiat comparison, such statistics are also pro mission activities, $26.2 million, and ing these staff studies of Federal ex vided for the State of Ohio and the coun space activities, $84.2 million. penditures in the Cleveland area is to try as a whole. The formula to deter On November 13, I released a study on compare the ratio of Federal revenues mine tax revenues for geographical areas Federal aids to · business. These pro generated from our area with Federal smaller than the tax district can be grams rose from $60 million worth in funds being committed and spent for found in the footnote appended to the fiscal year 1964 to $80 million in fiscal various programs in the same geographi cal area. table of statistics which follows. year 1965. Of this amount, $7 million Between fiscal years 1963 and 1965 the went directly and almost exclusively to This ratio has only been estimated in the past because of the immense difficul total amount of Federal taxes collected businessmen through such programs as in the city of Cleveland rose from $641 small business loans. ties in determining the sum total of alt Federal dollars for the growing number million to $718 million or an increase On January 21 of this year, I finished of 12.1 percent. During the · same pe a major study on natural resources and of programs in which the Federal Gov antipollution programs. I found that, ernment acts alone or in concert with riod revenues to the Federal Government although major steps are being taken in other levels of government. from the county rose from $1,227 million these areas, and the Federal Govern _In addi:tion to these difficulties, the to $1,409 million or an increase of 14.8 ment spent $6 million in the Cleveland only statistics currently available for in percent; while the Federal tax revenues area on water and natural resources, ternal revenue collection are based upon for the 47-county tax district rose from northern Ohio's proportion of these types a district comprised of 47 counties in $3,985 million to $4,520 million or an in of expenditures is very low and totally the northern half of Ohio. Therefore, crease of 13.4 percent: During thi s pe inadequate. it became necessary to develop a clear riod, Federal revenues from the whole On February 14, I released the 10th definition of how Federal revenues could State of Ohio rose 10.5 percent. It is report on tax collection, Post Office De be delineated -for the city of Cleveland, in·teresting to note that the Federal rev partment, and General Services Adminis~ Cuyahoga Coun·ty, as well as the base enues in each of these areas was well CXII--190-.Part 3 3008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 14, 1966 above the 8-percent ·increase in Federal RATIO BE'l'WEEN FEDERALiTAXES AND SPENDING out in Federal tax revenues indicating revenues nationwide. ·'' · · The total amount of Federal funds ex an increase of 4.6 per dollar or a 63.66 re ·· As a direct result of the :impressive ef pended in the Cleveland area for fiscal turn to Cleveland for every Federal tax dollar taken out. fects of the 1964 tax cuts, bµsin,ess activ year· 1:964 was $815,250,060 and.the total ity increased, as did revenues ·and profits. amount of all Federal revenues gener The gathering of this information has ated from the same area was $1,369,302,- provided me with a valuable measure These gains are reflected in increased tax 000. Therefore, for every $1 the Cleve ment of Federal activity and programs in revenues to the Federal Government land area pays to the Federal Govern my community. In this way, I have been which rose from $267 million in fiscal ment in taxes, it received nearly 60 cents able to compare Federal programs with year 1963 for the county to $349 million in return. During fiscal year 1965 $897,- their legislative intent. More impor in fiscal year 1965. For a similar period 343,000 was expended or committed by tantly, these records provide a means by Federal tax revenues for the city rose the Federal Government in the Cleve which the taxpayer can determine from $165 million to $216 million. land area and $1,409,09~.ooo was taken whether he is getting his money's worth.
TABLE A.-Internal Revenue Service collections in Cleveland, -Cuyahoga County and ta;r; district 1 [In thousands of dollars]
Fiscal year 1963 Fiscal year 1964 ' Fiscal year 1965 Type of tax Tax Cuyahoga Cleveland Tax Cuyahoga Cleveland Tax Cuyahoga Cleveland district County district County district · County
(1) Total collection _____ ------3, 985, 600 1, 227, 235 640,826 4, 408,392 1, 369, 302 704, 880 4, 520, 066 1, 409, 094 718, 925 (2) Corporation income tax ____ ------826, 050 266,814 165, 425 963, 413 311, 182 . 192, 933 1,079, 032 348, 527 216, 087 (3) Individual and employment taxes, totaL ______2, 588, 074 789, 023 387,420 2,819, 108 871,375 416, 516 2,800, 304 868, 268 404, 611 (4) Income tax not withheld ______424, 899 120, 671 59, 259 459, 982 130, 635 62, 444 516, 317 146, 634 68, 331 (5) Income tax withheld ______1, 580, 027 475, 651 233, 545 1, 721, 450 521, 158 249, 113 1, 627, 833 495, 590 230, 945 Social security ______------______------__ (6~ 520, 596 172, 100 84, 501 566,473 196,863 94, 100 597, 458 207, 690 96, 783 (7 Railroad retirement_------27, 959 7, 940 3,899 40, 740 11, 570 5, 530 38, 192 10,846 5,054 (8) Unemployment insurance ______34, 593 12, 661 6, 216 30, 463 11, 149 5,329 20, 514 7,508 3,498 (9) Estate tax ------47,534 13, 499 6,628 62,318 17, 698 8,459 57, 098 16,215 7,556 5,289 1, 502 737 14, 083 4, 000 1, 912 10,293 2,923 1,362 ~m ~~Ji;:~a~es~ i<>iai======518, 654 156, 397 80,616 549, 469 165,_047 . 85, 060 573, 339 173, 161 89,309 (12) Alcohol taxes _____ ------__ -- ______------______31, 049 9,687 5, 124 33,414 10,425 5, 515 39,!i17 12, 329 6, 522 (13) Tobacco taxes_ ------· ------2 440 761 403 2,318 723 382 2,478 773 409 (14) Stamp taxes. ______1'.250 390 206 1, 616 504 267 1, 522 .475 281 (15) Manufacturers gasoline tax_ ------0 ----- 74, 602 18, 949 8,527 78, 444 19, 925 8,966 83, 426 21, 190 9, 536 (16) Manufacturers motor vehicle tax __ ------~---- 52, 100 15, 161 7,399 56, 580 16, 465 8, 035 54,411 15, 834 7, 727 (17) Manufacturers other_------"= 291, 954 91, 090 48, 187 312, 883 97, 619 51, 640 328, 430 102,470 54,207 (18) Retailers excise ______· - ______9,604 2,996 l, 585 10, 097 3, 150 1, 666 10, 885 3,396 1, 796 (19) Miscellaneous excise tax ______55, 651 17, 363 9, 185 52, 040 16,236 8,589 53, 507 16, 694 8,831
Collections in Ohio United States
1963 19.64 1965 1963 1964 1965
TotaL ______------__ ------______6, 179, 114 6, 693,373 6,823, 098 105, 900, 000 112, 260, 257 114, 400, 000 Corporation income tax ___ ------__ 1,350, 906 1, 521, 198 1, 696, 028 15,205, 000 24,300, 863 26, 100, 000 Individual and employment taxes ____ ---_------____ ------______.. _ 3, 998,385 4,315,889 4,240, 605 66, 472, 000 71, 592,859 70, 143, 000 t For a description of how these figures were obtained, see below.
TABLE :B.-Basic statistical data POPULATION MANUFACTURERS e
1960 I .Total establish- With 20+ Value added, Value added, ments employees 1958 1963 (plants) The State of Ohio ______9, 706,397 10, 247, 000 5.6 The Northern (Cleveland) Ohio Tax Cuyahoga ______District 2___ ------5, 803, 340 6, 128, 327 3,625 1, 295 $2, 409, 156, 000 $3, 093, 667, 000 Cuyahoga County_------1,647,895 1, 740, 177 Ohio ____ ------15, 177 . 5, 614 $11, 472, 503, 000 $15, 443, 018, 000 Cleveland ______---=-______~ -- 876, 050 3 810, 858 Cuyahoga: Percent of State ______23. 8 23.0 21 20.0 Percent of tax district __ 37. 0 36. 2 (6) 32.3 SOCIAL ~ECURITY COLLECTIONS t
Calendar years State of Ohio County of Shelby, Stark, Summit, Trumbull, Tuscarawas, Van Wert, Wayne, Williams, Wood, Cuyahoga and Wyandot. a This was obtained from tlle "Special Census of Cleveland, Ohio, Apr. 1, 1965," series P-28, No. 1390, Nov. 5, 1965. ' t The Social Security Administration baS' these figures for the States and selected 1961------641, 700, 000 147, 300, 000 1962------723, 900, 000 157, 600, 000 counties. 1963 ______832, 900, 000 186, 600, 000 5 No information. (5) e These figures are obtained from the Department of Commerce's Bureau of the 1964. ------878, 300, 000 Census "1963 Census of of Manufacturers; Area Studies/Ohio (MC 63(P)-S36), Pre liminary Report" and the Bureau's "1958 Location of Manufacturing :Plants by 1 The figures were obtained from "Population Estimates, series P-25, No. ·324 Jan. County, Industry, and Employment Size." Adjustments have been made for the 20, 1966," of the Bureau of Census. . 1 -omission of- Monroe County in the 1963 report by reference to the 1958 report. 2 The Northern Ohio (Cleveland) Tax District is composed of 4.7 counties: Allen, Ashland, Ashtabula, Auglaize, Belmont, Carroll, Champaign, Columbiana, Crawford, NOTE.-The population· figures for the intervening years can be calculated from Cuyahoga, Darke. Defiance, Elie, Fulton, Geauga, Hancock, Hardin, Harrjson, these figures. Cuyahoga County's population is 28.4 percent of the tax district's Henry, Holmes, Huron, Jefferson, Lake, Logan, Lorain, Lucas, Ma.honing, Medina, ., population·.- Cleveland's population has gone from 49.1 percent of the county's in Mercer, Monroe, Ottawa, Paulding, Portage, Putnam, Richland, Sandusky, Seneca, fiscal year 1963 to 46.6 percent in fiscal year 1965. February 14, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-, HOUSE 3009
') TAB.LE C.-Basic statistical data
RETAIL TRADE t CLEVELAND METROPOLITAN AREA AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS•
[Cuya~oga, Geauga, Lake, and Medina Counties]
State average Cleveland average 0 hio ______84,346 $12, 905, 181, 000 June 1965 June 1964 June 1965 June 1964 Cleveland tax district------51, 182 $7, 733, 262, 000 Cuyahoga County------____ _ 13, 177 $2, 414, 239, 000 City of Cleveland __ ------·--- ___ _ 8, 177 $1, 278, 144, 000 Manufacturing ______$128.36 $121. 75 $133. 24 $126. 63 Cuyahoga's percentage of tax district __ ------25.8 31.2 Cleveland's percentage of county ______: ______Contract construction ____ ------166. 04 153. 53 178. 24 165. 72 62.0. 52.9 Wholesale and retail __ _------88. 21 85.46 100. 97 95.25
BUSINESS PATTERNS 2 J~~~~5~!"bor Market Information, "Employment, Hours, and Earnings in Ohio Employees, Total NOTE.-About ~i of Cleveland's workers are in manufacturing and~ innonmanu March 1964 business facturing trades. Using a weighted average, Cleveland may be said to have had units wages 7.2 percent higher than the State average in fiscal year 1965, 6 percent in fiscal year 1963, and 6.6 percent in fiscal year 1964. . . Ohio------2,608,482 166,890 Notes to tables A, B, apd C. Cleveland tax district ______------_ 1, 575, 531 99,603 Cuyahoga County ______---- ~::'______577, 735 30. 409 The Cleveland tax district figures for fiscal years 1963, 1964, and 1965 are given in the County's percent tax district______36. 6 30. 5 annual report of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The county figures for line 2 were obtained by multiplying the tax district figures by the percent manufacturing value added by the county (32.3 percent). This per AUTOMOBILES t centage was not adjusted between fiscal years 1963 and 1965, because the county appears to have grown at the same rate as the State, and the State only slightly less than the Nation. There are no figtires on the number of corporations in Cleveland so the county corporation tax figure was multiplied by the city's percent of the county's retail firms (62 percent). Lines 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were broken down by means of the population percentages Auto dealers Gas stations and line 5 was adjusted to reflect the higher average wage of the area. Line 6 was obtained by adjusting the State and county social security collections from calendar years to fiscal years (allowing a growth of 5.5 percent in collections between Estab Sales Estab Sales fiscal years 1964 and 1965, similar to the change between 1963 and 1964). The tax dis lishments lishments trict's contribution was obtained by noting that the tax district paid 66.2 percent of tpe State's withheld taxes. City collection figures were obtained by use of the popula tion percentages. Cleveland tax district______2,918 $1, 511, 000, 000 6,297 $594, 020, 000 Lines 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, and 19 were obtained by determining that Cuyahoga County Cuyahoga County______454 $440, 101, 000 1,331 $150, 969, 000 accounted for 31.2 percent of the tax district's retail sales and the city of Cleveland Cleveland ______---- 288 $214, 719, 000 692 $68, 658, 000 accounted for 52.9 percent of the county's sales. This was done because it is assumed County percent of district_ __ 15. 5 29.1 21 25.4 that excise taxes are actually paid by the consumer and that it is more accurate to try City percent of county ______63.4 48.8 52 45. 0 and determine what the people of the area pa.yin excises than what the manufacturers pay. Customs collections have been included in these figures. The post office in Cuyahoga County bas collected al:::out $44,000,000 iiuevenue in each of the last 3 fiscal 1 These figures may be obtained from the Department of Commerce's Census years, but the cost of operating the post offices bas usually been about $50,000,000 per Bureau's "1963 Census of Business: Retail Trade in Ohio (BC 63-RA37)." fiscal year. t These figures are from the Department of Commerce's Bureau of the Census report Lines 15 and 16 were obtained by multiplying the county and city's percentages of CBP-64-37: "County Business Patterns, 1964." the value of gasoline and automotive products sold in the tax district by that value.
A VICTORY IN OUR FOREIGN AID tract private foreign investment, and en In selecting the recipients, the admin The SPEAKER. Under previous order courage local saving. istration has given primary emphasis to of the House, the gentleman from Wyo This new emphasis upon the efforts our national aim of defending world ming [Mr. RoNcALIO] is recognized for of recipient countries has resulted in peace and security. The chief threat to 15 minutes. the economic aid request being scaled world peace and security today is Com Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, the down to $2.469 billion, a reduction of munist revolutionary guerrilla warfare. U.S. foreign air program has been se $235 million from last year's request. Poverty is a necessary prerequisite for the verely criticized in the past on the Instead of being widely dispersed, the success of this type of warfare. It is grounds that the money has been wasted economic aid will be concentrated on a those who have the least to lose who will through graft and corruption of some select group of countries. The biggest be most likely to join a guerrilla force. foreign governments, through unneces grants will go to 20 nations and the great People who have decent living standards sary expenditures upon economically use share of loans to just 8. will tend to be more conservative regard less monuments and stadiums, and be This year's aid program shows another ing revolutionary military action. cause of aid money being dispersed to an favorable departure from the past, in This thesis is supported by Columbia excessive number of countries. In re that military assistance has been sepa University Prof. Doak Barnett, in his sponse to these valid objections, Presi rated from economic assistance. This book "Com~unist China and Asia." dent Johnson has presented to Congress practice should be continued, as it allows In its efforts to build up the defenses o! a bold, new look in foreign aid, designed for a more rational consideration of the friendly nations 1n Asia, the United States to help friendly countries which are de relative merits of military and economic must not forget that economic progress 1s aid programs. at least as inlportant as military strength. termined to help themselves. if not more so in the long run. It must strive Foreign aid Director David Bell has The recommended program has therefore to achieve a sound balance between said: another innovation, which is less accept economic and military aid in its support of The major lesson we have learned in the able. It proposes to extend aid author Asian nations. In some countries the em past 10 years is that unless the people we izations from the present 1 year to 5. phasis is now heavily weighted toward mili help are willing to commit themselves, are There is no doubt that U.S. aid should be tary support, which creates risks not only prepared to take on reforms, are prepared to integrated with the development plans of neglecting important problems of eco make policy decisions, there is not much an of recipient countries and, to do this, the nomic development but also of actually outsider can do to help them. United States may have to commit itself creating serious economic difficulties. Large In line with this realistic attitude, aid to an assistance program for longer than scale American military aid to Asian nations will now be available only for those coun 1 year at a time. But a 5-year commit cannot be regarded as a substitute for eco tries willing to invest their own resources ment is too long, as this would seriously nomic aid but rather as a factor which calls impair congressional contr ol and over for even greater efforts in the strictly eco in improved farming techniques, schools, nomic field. hospitals, and critical industry. They sight of the aid program. Extending must undertake land and tax reforms, some authorizations for 2 years would be In recognition of these principles, the alleviate their population problems, at- suffi.cient for the time being. largest single aid request is . for South 3010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE February 14, 1966 Vietnam. This is a sound choice, for his have been seen. Trade connections are mented, and it adds that "more meet torical experience demonstrates that established and a market for reorders is ings, as suggested by the communique, progress in economic development is es created. could only enhance the effectiveness of sential if internal Communist seizures are The aid program has also facilitated the effort." to be prevented. In 1947, the Greek Gov private investment abroad. Since No The newspaper feels that the resolu ernment was engaged in a struggle for vember 1961, AID has authorized 17 tion evidenced at Honolulu is good cause survival against Communist guerrilla loans totaling $146 million directly to for encouragement. forces. President Truman pronounced private firms to establish new plants and Here is a concise and well-presented the Truman doctrine--that Americans extend existing facilities in the Near resume of the events-and of the en must support free people who were re east and south Asia countries alone. couragement we can take from them sisting attempted subjugation by armed Technical assistance also helps to f os and I should like to suggest that the edi minorities or by outside pressure. He ter private enterprise. The investment torial be printed in the RECORD, where asked Congress to appropriate $400 mil guarantee program provides a strong many may want to read it. lion for economic assistance to Greece stimulus to U.S. firms investing abroad. [From the Washington (D.C.) Daily News, and Turkey. By 1950, the Communist The State of Wyoming has a right to Feb.9,1966] guerrillas in Greece had abandoned their be proud of the significant role it has WAR AND HOPE IN VIETNAM struggle. Similarly, in the Philippines, played in assisting less fortunate people Even if Ho Chi Minh has started, or after World War II, the Communists through the foreign-aid program. The eventually does begin, some type of "peace built a force composed of dissatisfied University of Wyoming has a contract offensive" of his own, this would be no cause peasants. As it became obvious that with AID for a 3-year technical assist for an abrupt change in the plans President military measures by themselves would ance program in Somalia. A team of . Johnson and Vietnamese leaders worked out not solve the problem, the Philippine Wyomingites in Somalia is working to at Honolulu. improve present agricultural crops and Communists don't normally cave in sud Government carried out a broad program denly. (It took 2 years of talks to arrange of social and economic progress in con survey other crops that may prove f eas the settlement in Korea.) nection with renewed military offensives. ible. The University of Wyoming and The United States is engaged in Vietnam Only in this manner was the Communist Columbia University are assisting the to achieve two objectives: to free the Viet guerrilla movement in the Philippines faculties of engineering, agriculture, and namese people of the communism invasion actually destroyed. education of Kabul University, Afghan and to help them build a country of inde istan, as well as assisting the Afghan pendence and stability, something they never The revised aid program not only pro before have h ?-d a chance to accomplish. tects our vital national interests but it Institute of Technology and the Second Anything which stands in the way of these does so in an economically sound fash ary schools. goals (particularly the Communist terrorists ion. We can look forward to the day As the self-sacrificing Wyoming citi and armies now being fought in South Viet when the aid program will no longer be zens working on these projects are nam) must be overcome. Anything, includ necessary. aware, the path to economic develop ing a possible change of mind in Hanoi, Economic aid to Western Europe was ment is not an easy one. Yet, the pro which may help reach these goals is to be terminated for most of the nations by posed aid program, with its justification diligently encouraged. embodied But the success of the effort to restore 1960. Progress in Greece and Israel per in the defense of our vital freedom in Vietnam and to give the country mitted the United States to terminate national interests, its basis on a sound a real chance in life depends almost alto grants in 1962. Self-support was economic foundation, and its mechan gether on the Vietnamese themselves and achieved in Lebanon in 1963. Iran is in isms encouraging self-help on the part heavy American assistance. a transition to self-support. Turkey of recipients, is a remarkable bargain for The Vietnamese not only have to fight but plans to eliminate reliance on foreign aid the American people. There will be they must take care of refugees from the by 1973. India and Turkey now finance spectacular successes and ignominious battle areas, organize local government, and failures in the years ahead. But, as stabilize the economy. over three-fourths of their development The understandings reached in Honolulu programs from their own resources, and Economist Robert Heilbroner states, we between President Johnson and the Viet Pakistan over 60 percent. All told, about must proceed with our f(}reign economic namese leaders (Premier Ky and others) 14 nations are approaching the time aid: are designed to meet these needs. when they will not need any further low Once the great marph has begun, it is no The two allies agreed on "a growing mili interest loan or grant assistance from longer possible to turn back. The changes tary effectiveness" and at the same time on the United States. in the balance of the old static society cannot an "unending quest for peace." be undone. There is no choice but to tread Mr. Johnson said, for our part, we would In the past 15 years, the burden of the road to its conclusion-however long and "move steadfastly ahead" on the military foreign assistance on the U.S. taxpayer agonizing the journey may be. front and at the same time "move vigor has declined sharply. As a share of ously" to assist the Vietnamese with their gross national product, economic aid has economic, social, and political problems. fallen from 2 percent to 1949 to less than WAR AND HOPE All ·of this appeared to support Premier two-fifths of 1 percent this year. As a Ky's position that the allies must operate share of the Federal budget, economic Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I ask from strength, and evidence of willingness unanimous consent that the gentleman to use their strength, if there is to be "any aid has declined from 11.5 percent to 2 from Missouri [Mr. RANDALL] may ex kind of just and lasting settlement" with the percent over the same period. Most de Communists. There is no other way, as his veloped countries are contributing about tend his remarks at this point in the tory has shown, to deal with Communists. the same percentage of their gross na RECORD and include extraneous matter. The payoff for the Honolulu conference tional product as the United States, some The SPEAKER. Is there objection does not lie in the stilted communique, but even more. to the request of the gentleman from in the results over the long haul. Florida? Nevertheless, a restatement of aims and Foreign aid spending has little effect There was no objection. policies for this war-this time jointly by upon our balance-of-payments position. Mr. RANDALL. Mr. Speaker, I feel the top leaders of the two countries, is an Eighty percent of the funds will be used that only good can come from the meet other step in smoothing out world opinion to purchase goods and services in the ing of heads of state and the restate of the justice and necessity of the U.S. pres United States. In fact, a sizable share ment of aims and policies in the Vietnam ence in Vietnam. of some American exports are now fi war. And, as a practical matter, the candid, nanced by foreign aid programs. In face-to-face exchange between the heads of As is well known, the Allies agreed on state-who never before had met-should 1962, 33 percent of our locomotive and "a growing military effectiveness,'' and at be enormously useful in the joint effort to fertilizer exports and 25 percent of U.S. the same time on an "unending quest for rid Vietnam of its invaders and establish exports of iron and steel products were peace." the country as a going nation. More meet purchased under the foreign aid pro The candid, face-to-face exchange be ings, as suggested by the communique, could gram. tween the heads of state in Hawaii only enhance the effectiveness of the effort. Foreign aid also helps to boost foreign No one knows how long it will take to force "should be enormously useful in the joint a decision from Hanoi--either by military trade indirectly. AID workers abroad effort to rid Vietnam of its invaders and force, diplomatic means, or both-but the introduce American products and tech establish the country as a going nation," resolution evidenced at Honolulu is good niques in places where they may never the Washington Daily News has com- cause for encouragement. February · 14; 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -l{OUSE 3011 HAVE YOU REGISTERED TO VOTE? February 16, 1966; and to revise and ex the rent supplement program, and the Se Mr. O'HARA of Michigan. Mr. Speak tend his remarks and include extraneous lective Service System (H. Doc. No. 380); to matter. the Comm.ittee on Appropriations and or er, I ask unanimous consent to extend dered to be printed. my remarks at this point in the RECORD 2036. A letter from the Acting Secretary and include extraneous matter. EXTENSION OF REMARKS of Agriculture, tra~smitting a draft of pro The SPEAKER. Is there objection posed legislation to authorize the Commodity to the request of the gentleman from By unanimous consent, permission to Credit Corporation to establish and main: Michigan? · extend remarks in the CONGRESSIONAL tain reserves of agricultural commod.ities There was no objection. RECORD, or to revise and extend remarks to protect consumers, and for other purposes; was granted to: to the Committee on Agriqulture. Mr. O'HARA of Michigan. Mr. Speak 2037. A letter from the Acting Secretary, er, on January 25 of this year, I intro Mr. TEAGUE OF TExAS. (The following Members (at the re Department of Agriculture, transmitting a duced H.R. 12297, which is designed to draft of proposed legislation to promote in encourage voter participation by remind quest of Mr. BOGGS) and to include ex ternational trade in agricultural commodi ing citizens through a special postal can traneous matter: ) ties, to combat hunger and malnutrition, to cellation mark of the need to register to Mr.LovE. further economic development, and for other vote. The cancellation mark proposed by Mr. SCHEUER. purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture. Mr. NATCHER. 2038. A letter from the Assistant Secretary the bill would bear the words, "Have You of the Interior, transmitting a report of an Registered To Vote?" adequate soil survey and land classification When I originally introduced this leg ENROLLED JOINT RESOLUTION of the lands in the Bostwick Park project, islation during the 88th Congress, it was SIGNED Colorado, pursuant to the provisions of Pub endorsed by the president of the Adver lic Law 83-172; to the Committee on Appro tising Council, Mr. Theodore S. Repplier, Mr. BURLESON, from the Committee priations. and Mr. Thomas D'Arcy Brophy, presi on House Administration, reported that 2039. A letter from the Secretary of State, dent of the American Heritage Founda that committee had examined and found transmitting the Battle Act Report for 1965, truly enrolled a joint resolution of the pursuant to the provisions of the Mutual De tion. Most of us are aware of the con fense Assistance Control Act of 1965; to the tinuing efforts of these organizations to House of the following title, which was thereupon signed by the Spe,aker: Comm.ittee on Foreign Affairs. encourage more Americans to vote. 2040. A letter from the Director, Bureau of Since reintroducing my bill, I have H.J. Res. 403. Joint resolution authorizing Land Management, Department of the In again heard from Mr. Repplier. I in an appropriation to enable the United States terior, transmitting a report of negotiated clude his letter of February 10 as part of to extend an invitation to the World Health contracts for disposal of materials durlng the my remarks at this point in the RECORD: Organization to hold the 22d World Health period July 1 through December 31, 1965, Assembly in Boston, Mass., in 1969. pursuant to the provisions of Public Law THE ADVERTISING COUNCIL, INC., 87-889; to the Committee on Interior and Washington, D.C., February 10, 1966. Insular Affairs. Hon. JAMES G. O'HARA; SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION 2041. A letter from the Secrefary of the In U.S. House of Representatives, REFERRED terior, transmitting the 1966 report of the Washington, D.C. Office of Coal Research relating to coal re DEAR CONGRESSMAN O'HARA: Thank you A joint resolution of the Senate of the search activities undertaken during calendar very much, indeed, for your letter of Janu following title was taken from the Speak year 1965, pursuant to Public Law 86-599; ary 26 enclosing a copy of the CONGRESSIONAL er's table and, under the rule, referred as to the Comm.ittee on Interior and Insular RECORD of January 25. follows: Affairs. I was happy that you included my letter 2042. A letter from the Chairman, Civil and am encouraged tha.t you have reintro S.J. Res. 63. Joint resolution authorizing the President to invite the States of the Aeronautics Board, transmitting the annual duced your proposed legislation authorizing report of the Board for fiscal year 1965, pur a postal cancellation mark to encourage reg Union and foreign nations to participate in the International Petroleum Exposition to be suant to the provisions of seotion 205 of the istration for voting. Federal Aviation Act of 1958, and Executive We are, of course, still enthusastic about held at. Tulsa, Okla., May 12 through 21, 1966; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Order No. 11007, issued February 26, 1962; this idea. We have by now had sufficient to the Cammittee on Intersta.te and Foreign experience with the problem to know that Commerce. constant reminders do increase the number ADJOURNMENT 2043. A letter from the Acting Chairman, of people who go to the polls. Certainly Federal Power Commission, transmitting such a mail cancellat.ion mark would be copies of certain publications, as follows: an effective reminder. Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now adjourn. Gl•ossary of Important Power and Rate With kindest regards. Terms, Abbreviations, and Units of Measure Cordially, The motion was agreed to; accordingly (at 12 o'clock and 35 minutes p.m.), the ment, 1965; Statistics for Interstate Natural T. $. REPPLIEB. Pipe Line Companies, 1964; Sales by Pro House .adjourned until tomorrow, Tues ducers of Natural Gas to Interstate Pipeline day, February 15, 1966, at 12 o'clock Compan.ies, 1964; All-Electric Homes, Annual LEAVE OF ABSENCE noon. Bills, 1965; to the Comm.ittee on Interstate anc:t Foreign Commerce. By unanimous consent, leave of 2044. A letter from the Under Secreta.ry of absence was granted to: EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, the Navy, transmitting a draft of proposed Mr. CoHELAN (at the request of Mr. ETC. legislation to extend for a temporary period· Boccs), from February 14 through -Feb the existing provisions of law relating to· ruary 28, 1966, on account of official Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu the free importation of personal and house business. tive communications were taken from the hold effects brought into the- Un.ited States Mr. JOHNSON of California
By Mr. GILBERT: PETITIONS, ·ETC. t:J; relative to loans to r.ural elec~ric c~I:?erar H.R. 12810. A bill for the relief of Maydis tives; to the· Committee on Agriculture. Esmada King; to the Committee on the Ju Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions diciary. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk 326. Also, petition of Henry Stoner, Avon By Mr.RONAN: and referred as follows: Park, Fla., relative to trading with the H.R. 12811. A bill for the relief of Cavit 325. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Pioneer enemy; to the Committee on Merchant Ma Alidede; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Rural Electric Cooperative, Inc., Piqua, Ohio, rine and Fisheries.
~XTENSIONS . OF REMARKS The Future Farmers of America and has as its aim and purpose the de Business Administration has not only Guardians of the Soil velopment of agricultural leadership, of failed to grant any further business citizenship, and of patriotism. loans, with a minor exception during the As our great Nation has expanded its New York transit strike, but they have EXTENSION OF REMARKS growth and power, as our population has also refused to accept any applications OF increased, and America, in its compassion for direct financial assistance, regardless HON. WILLIAM H. NATCHER for the hungry of the world has in of need. The city of Dayton, Ohio, creased its foreign commitments, so too which is in my congressional district, OF KENTUCKY have the Future Farmers of America made application for a small business IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES augmented their program to meet these development center but was turned down. Monday, February 14, 1966 new demands upon our agricultural re I was told by the Small Business Admin Mr. NATCHER. Mr. Speaker, our sources. Vocational agriculture now istration that these drastic steps are country is once again preparing to cele embraces the study of science, tech necessary because of drains on the pres brate the birthday of our first President. nology, and management. The American ent loan fund due to several natural Americans, throughout the land will farm and American farmworkers re disasters. pause on that day, February 22, and pay main the center link in our present agri I strongly feel that this emergency re due tribute to the splendid and unselfish cultural system. Servicing and supply quires another supplemental appropria genius of this great man who gave so ing these 7 million people are some 6 tion as well as a change in the structure much of himself and his talents in his million workers. In the third and final of the loan program itself. -efforts to establish and sustain this then link, an additional 10 million handle and Congress created the Small Business fledgling young Nation. History records process our abundant farm produce. Administration in -1953 because inde George Washington as a leader in many Agriculture, in a sense, has become agri pendent and vigorous support was needed fields and certainly not the least of his business. in the executive branch of Government accomplishments were in the area of To those who love the land, however, for the Nation's 4.6 million small busi agriculture. At heart, George Washing agriculture is more than a career nessmen. There is no area where such ton was a farmer and recognizing this, a more than a business. It is a very rich support is more essential than the grant group of America's finest young men and rewarding way of life. The dreams ing of small business loans. have selected the week of his birthdate of our forefathers are nurtured and har Big business often has the flexibility to as their national week. I am speaking vested and the good earth is replenished withstand temporary setbacks simply by of the Future Farmers of America who with hope for the farmers of tomorrow shifting resources from another section will observe their 38th anniversary the to tend. A farm is a masterpiece of of the firm or calling upon their ample week of February 19 to February 26. nature and a symbol of the eternal bond conventional credit sources. When the between man and soil. same challenge is hurled against a small I am sincere when I speak of the I salute the Future Farmers of Amer businessman, he may go under, not for Future Farmers of America as a group ica upon their 38th anniversary. A great any lack of ability or dedication, but sim of this Nation's finest young men. At trust is theirs and I wish for them a ply because he does not have time to home, in the Second District of Ken future of even greater achievement. gather money needed to provide a transi tucky, one cannot but be aware of the tion to the next opportunity for profits, very strong and the very positive in financial repair, and growth. fluence that the members of this organi~ Since last October, however, the assist zation exert in their homes and in their Small Business Act ance that Congress has declared should communities. I know of no group that be available from the Small Business Ad commands more respect or receives more ministration has been denied. In effect, wholehearted support than our future EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF we have said to the small businessman, farmers and I am sure this is true not "When disaster strikes elsewhere in the only in our section of Kentucky, but "HON. RODNEY M. LOVE Nation; you must bear a special burden. across the board expanse of our country. OF OHIO You must survive without the programs Thirty-eight years ago, some high I!'f THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that Congress -said you should have." school students in Kansas City, Mo., be And, Mr. Speaker, this is by no means lieved in the future of farming. They Monday, February 14, 1966 the first time that regular business loan formed a new organization-an organi Mr. LOVE. Mr. Speaker, today I in suspensions have been decreed. And, zation for farm boys-and employed this troduced a bill to amend section 4(c) of unless Congress acts, it :will not be the belief in their creed. Their -faith has the Small Business Act. last. been justified, for it was then as it is This bill would replace the present re The loan program suspension comes now~farming is· the backbone and the volving loan fund utilized by the Small UPon the heels of another serious blow heart of agriculture. Business Administration with three sepa at small business credit by the Govern It was in 1928 that these boys first met rate funds. The first of these funds ment--the increase in the rediscount and set forth their ideals and goals. The would finance the business loan program rate by the Federal Reserve Board. The outgrowth of their meeting has been a authorized by section 7 (a.) of the Small consequent rise in the cost. of credit is national organization, the Future Farm Business Act and the loan program already being felt throughout the Na ers of America, with more than 454,516 established by the 1964 Economic Oppor tion. Therefore, small business now active members in 9,156 local chapters. tunity Act. The second fund would sup faces a two-pronged crisis in credit. This membership is distributed through port the disaster loan program, and the The purpose of. this legislation is to in out our 50 States and Puerto Rico. Op third would finance loans under the sulate the business loan program against erating under the provisions of the Small 'Business Investment Act of 1958, drains caused by natural disasters. I National Vocational Education Acts, it other than the lease guarantee functions. recognize that my bill does not solve the has become ' an educational, nonprofit, , As you probably kno.w, M;r. Speaker, problem· of stabilizing the disaster loan and nonpolitical farm yotitp movement since Oc~ober 11 _of last year, the Small PX:_ogra:rp so that 1its. proper benefits will