DOCSLIB.ORG

Thesis at Seminars and Conferences in Which I Received Helpful Feedback

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Updating civil disobedience Whistleblowing, anonymous hacktivism, and academic piracy Caycedo Casallas, C.B. Publication date 2019 Document Version Final published version License Other Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Caycedo Casallas, C. B. (2019). Updating civil disobedience: Whistleblowing, anonymous hacktivism, and academic piracy. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:24 Sep 2021 1 Cover image: Caycedo, B. 2019. No rights reserved. UPDATING CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE Whistleblowing, Anonymous Hacktivism, and Academic Piracy Carlos Bernardo Caycedo Casallas Ph.D. Dissertation, Amsterdam School for Cultural Analysis University of Amsterdam UPDATING CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE Whistleblowing, Anonymous Hacktivism, and Academic Piracy ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. dr. ir. K.I.J. Maex ten overstaan van een door het College voor Promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op dinsdag 17 september 2019, te 14:00 uur door Carlos Bernardo Caycedo Casallas geboren te Bogotá Promotiecommissie Promotor: dr. R. Celikates, Universiteit van Amsterdam Copromotor: prof. dr. B. Roessler, Universiteit van Amsterdam Overige leden: prof. dr. H.O. Dijstelbloem, Universiteit van Amsterdam prof. dr. L.M. Herzog, Technical University Munich prof. dr. H.Y.M. Jansen, Universiteit van Amsterdam prof. dr. E. Peeren, Universiteit van Amsterdam dr. W.J.C. Smith, Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculteit der Geesteswetenschappen This work is part of the research program ‘Transformations of Civil Disobedience: Democratization, Globalization, Digitalization’ with project number 276.20.022, which is financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). This is for everyone. –Tim Berners-Lee (@timberners_lee) July 27, 2012 Exactly what this politics of protest will involve is not easy to say, because it tends to develop out of a particular situation to fit that situation. But here are examples drawn out of actual incidents. –Howard Zinn, Disobedience and Democracy: Nice Fallacies on Law and Order, 1968 Acknowledgements First, I express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Robin Celikates for his invaluable advice and constant support, and to my co-supervisor Beate Roessler for her intellectual generosity and insightful questions. I am also thankful to my project partner and friend Natasha Basu, and the other members of the Philosophy and Public Affairs group at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Amsterdam. I presented parts of this thesis at seminars and conferences in which I received helpful feedback. I would like to acknowledge in particular the contributions of Balázs Bodó, Stefania Milan, Datactive, Esther Peeren, Bert van Roermund, Eraldo Souza dos Santos, Tamara van den Berg, Theresa Züger, Juan Camilo Betancur, Sebastián Dueñas, Carlos Arturo López, and Luis Fernando Sierra. I benefited greatly from the participation of Hisham Almiraat, Eric Boot, Marcel Oomens, Niels ten Oever, and Titus Stahl in the expert meeting I hosted on whistleblowing in 2017. I would like to thank the Amsterdam Center for Globalisation Studies (ACGS), the Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society (HIIG), the Dutch Research School of Philosophy (OZSW), the international network #BigDataSur, and the Centro de Internet y Sociedad de la Universidad del Rosario (ISUR) for offering me stimulating environments for research. None of this would have been possible without the support of the Amsterdam School for Cultural Analysis (ASCA) and funding from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). For those of us who migrate, friendship abroad is deeply significant; special thanks to Małgosia and the Briefjes, Uzma Abid Ansari, Peyman Amiri, Noortje de Leij, Daniël de Zeeuw, Vanessa Gómez, Alejandra Espinosa, Claudia Quelle, Eva Sancho, Gerrit Schaafsma, Edo Schets, Matthé Scholten, and Gijs van Donselaar. Thanks also to Peter Cousins, Eloe Kingma, and Loes ten Velden for their indispensable help during the process of writing and editing this thesis. I cannot name here all the friends who encouraged me during these years, just as I cannot express in words – let alone in English – my gratitude to my brother Juan Diego Caycedo. Most special thanks to the person who lovingly sustained me every time I felt overwhelmed by this project, Isabella Flisi. This thesis is dedicated to my mother; her example of gentle strength and resistance is a constant source of motivation. Table of Contents Introduction 3 Digitalized De-democratization 3 Narrowing Down Digital Disobedience – The Structure of the Thesis 4 Why These and not Other Cases? 6 Two Objections 8 Globalization and Democratization 10 On Thinking with a Colombian Background 12 Chapter 1. Disclosing Corporate Disobedience 14 1.1. On Corporate Whistleblowing 15 A Working Definition of Whistleblowing 16 Internal and Anonymous Whistleblowing? 18 A. WorldCom 18 B. Enron 20 C. Anonymous Leaking 21 Corporate Whistleblowing as a Moral and Political Phenomenon 23 1.2. Toward a Concept of ‘Corporate Civil Disobedience’ 25 The Rawlsian Definition of Civil Disobedience 25 Walzer on Corporate Disobedience 28 Corporate Civil Disobedience and the Question of Anonymity 31 1.3. The Perplexities of Government Whistleblowing 33 Snowden as a Civil Servant and a Private Employee 33 Three Standpoints on Snowden’s Disobedience 37 Conclusion 41 Chapter 2. Anonymous Civil Disobedience 43 2.1. Anonymous Fighting for Freedom! – and for the Lulz 43 Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) 46 Two Exemplary DDoS Performed by Anonymous 48 Some of Anonymous’s Questionable Faces 51 2.2. Reviewing the Requirement of Accepting the Legal Consequences 55 Strategically Going to Prison 55 A. Slowly but Steadily Filling up the Jails 56 B. Soul-Force Goes to Jail 59 C. Allegiance to One’s Own Thinking 62 The Requirement of Risking Punishment 64 Does Anonymous Risk Punishment? 67 2.3. Growing Uncertainties 71 Individual Civil Disobedience? 72 Mixed Motives in Civil Disobedience? 73 Civil Disobedience by Non-Citizens? 74 Reactive and Episodic Civil Disobedience? 75 Civil Disobedience Without Self-Purification? 77 Anonymous Corporate Civil Disobedience? 79 Conclusion 82 1 Chapter 3. Opening up Access through Civil Disobedience 84 3.1. Illegal Open Access 84 Some Limitations of the Liberal Definition of Civil Disobedience 86 An Alternative Conception of Civil Disobedience 89 3.2. Some Arguments for Academic Piracy 91 Appealing to Individual Human Rights 92 Appealing to the Need for Open Access 94 Appealing to the Nature of Scientific Knowledge 95 Tackling Global Inequalities – An Illustrative Case 96 3.3. Communicative Civil Disobedience as Deliberative Participation 98 A Deliberative Theory of Civil Disobedience 99 Toward a Communicative Justification of Civil Disobedience 101 Sci-Hub and LibGen as Communicative Disobedience 104 Conclusion 107 Chapter 4. Incivility as Communication by Other Means 108 4.1. Accusations of Incivility 108 Accusations against Snowden 108 Accusations against Anonymous 110 Accusations against Sci-Hub and LibGen 114 4.2. On (In)Civility 118 Communication and Violence 119 On Violence and Nonviolence 122 Radical Democratic CiviC Disobedience 130 4.3. Constituent Communicative Civil Power 134 Performing Citizenship by Claiming Rights 134 Civil Disobedience as Constituent Power 138 The Revolutionary Spirit of Ordinary New Beginnings 141 Please Keep your Concepts Open for Updates! 146 Conclusions 148 Bibliography 152 Annexes Summary 171 Samenvatting 174 2 Introduction Digitalized De-democratization Under the current system of ubiquitous digital surveillance, it is ever more difficult to see the Internet as a means for democratization or as a forum for democratic debate. When I first started working on the digitalization of civil disobedience back in 2015, there was already growing concern about the potential harm done by digital surveillance to democracy, especially among activists and academics who were trying to understand the implications of Edward Snowden’s disclosures. However, it was with the 2018 Cambridge Analytica scandal that it became clear how corporate-owned, big data analysis, in conjunction with opaque attempts by states to exert political influence, can be used to exploit voters’ vulnerabilities. It is uncertain how ongoing developments in digital technologies will transform democratic processes and societies at large in the coming decades; moreover, it is dubious – to say the least – that existing conceptions of democracy would continue to
Recommended publications
  • The Revolution of 1861: the American Civil War in the Age of Nationalist Conflict

    The Revolution of 1861: the American Civil War in the Age of Nationalist Conflict

    Civil War Book Review Fall 2012 Article 25 The Revolution of 1861: The American Civil War in the Age of Nationalist Conflict. Frank Towers Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr Recommended Citation Towers, Frank (2012) "The Revolution of 1861: The American Civil War in the Age of Nationalist Conflict.," Civil War Book Review: Vol. 14 : Iss. 4 . DOI: 10.31390/cwbr.14.4.26 Available at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr/vol14/iss4/25 Towers: The Revolution of 1861: The American Civil War in the Age of Nati Review Towers, Frank Fall 2012 Fleche, Andre M. The Revolution of 1861: The American Civil War in the Age of Nationalist Conflict.. University of North Carolina Press, $39.95 ISBN 978-0-8078-3523-4 Understanding the Civil War in a Broader Context Andre Fleche adds to the burgeoning literature on the international dimensions of the Civil War in this valuable study of American nationalism in a transatlantic context. Contrary to dominant popular narratives of the Civil War as a purely domestic conflict, Europe’s 1848 revolutions had a profound influence on northern and southern conceptions of the nation state. Viewed in this framework, the Civil War fits into a broader pattern of revolution wherein the fledgling concept of the nation state matured into the form that guided it through the next century of modern history. Although 1860s Americans paid attention to other revolutionary precedents, especially their own against Great Britain, Fleche argues that the most influential were the failed nationalist revolutions of 1848 in Europe, a series of revolts against the monarchies that took control of the continent after Napoleon’s defeat in 1815.
  • Part I a Revolutionary Experiment: 1620–1800

    Part I a Revolutionary Experiment: 1620–1800

    Part I A Revolutionary Experiment: 1620–1800 The unique experiment that began in England’s American colonies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, culminating in the founding of the United States of America, forever changed the modern world. This revolutionary experiment had its roots in English history and politics, in the broader European Enlightenment, and in the practices of Native American peoples such as the Iroquois. The American democratic experiment required two centuries of fermentation, an anticolonial war against England, and an ingenious political compromise known as the U.S. Constitution. What the Founders gave the world in 1787 was as much a promise as a reality, for it contained not only the seeds of democracy but also limits to the full flowering of those seeds. One of these limitations, a long-term tendency that has come to be known as partisandistribute gridlock in the context of political polarization, was built into the ingenious institutional compromise itself, for the U.S. federalist system of checks and balances allows partisan interests to stymie the devel- opment of coherent national policies. or In retrospect, the American Revolution jump-started modernity toward a system of democratic governance based on the principles of popular sovereignty and political equality. In practice, however, the citizens of the new republic of 1787 were primarily propertied white men, and most Americans did not participate in ratifying the Constitution. Thus the very foundationspost, of U.S. government contained political ten- sions that persist today—between theoretical equality and actual inequality, between theoretical rule of the people and actual rule of elites.
  • Understanding China's Future

    Understanding China's Future

    PALACKÝ UNIVERSITY OLOMOUC PHILOSOPHICAL FACULTY Department of Politics and European Studies UNDERSTANDING CHINA’S FUTURE: A CRITICAL EXPLORATION OF FUTURE- ORIENTATED APPROACHES TO ANALYSING SOCIO-POLITICAL PHENOMENA Doctoral Thesis Jeremy Garlick, M.A. Supervisor: Gaudenz Assenza, D.Phil. (Oxon), M.P.A. (Harvard) Olomouc, 2014 Declaration: I hereby declare that this thesis is entirely my own work and I have faithfully and accurately cited all sources used to the utmost of my ability. ………………………………………………. Jeremy Garlick, M.A. 2 Abstract This thesis has two main aims. The first of these is to study available methodologies for researching the future in the social sciences, and particularly in political science and international relations (IR). To be more specific, it attempts to determine whether it is possible to establish, given the present state of scientific knowledge, a relatively rigorous method for examining the futures of socio-political phenomena. The second aim is to set out to use the methodological approach(es) established in the first part of the study to examine the future of China, both as an applied example of the use of the methodology as well as an end in itself within IR’s sub-field of China studies. Thus, the thesis fits within the areas of future studies and China studies, but with a particular focus on the implications of the research for political science and IR within the broader social sciences. The research reveals that the most suitable candidate for researching socio-political futures, at least until computer modelling and complexity theory are refined enough to examine the future with greater accuracy (if this is possible), is scenario construction, given that it deals not with prediction of definite outcomes, but with future possibilities.
  • The Constitutional Right to "Conservative" Revolution

    The Constitutional Right to "Conservative" Revolution

    Maurer School of Law: Indiana University Digital Repository @ Maurer Law Articles by Maurer Faculty Faculty Scholarship 1997 The Constitutional Right to "Conservative" Revolution David C. Williams Indiana University Maurer School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, and the Political Theory Commons Recommended Citation Williams, David C., "The Constitutional Right to "Conservative" Revolution" (1997). Articles by Maurer Faculty. 674. https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/674 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by Maurer Faculty by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO "CONSERVATIVE" REVOLUTION David C. Williams* Introduction The American political tradition has generally recognized that the people have a moral right to revolution: when a government becomes tyrannical, the citizenry may, by force of arms, overthrow it and institute a new, more acceptable one. The constitutional status of this right is, however, the subject of considerable doubt. It is commonly argued that the moral rigfit to revolution cannot be a constitutionalright because the concepts of revolution and constitution are, at a deep level, in conflict.1 A revolution, by definition, attempts to change the fundamental politico- legal order. A constitution, by definition, attempts to entrench that order. In other words, the purposes of a constitution and a revolution are deeply different: a constitution seeks to create order, a revolution to undo order.
  • Natural Law in the Modern European Constitutions Gottfried Dietze

    Natural Law in the Modern European Constitutions Gottfried Dietze

    Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Natural Law Forum 1-1-1956 Natural Law in the Modern European Constitutions Gottfried Dietze Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/nd_naturallaw_forum Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Dietze, Gottfried, "Natural Law in the Modern European Constitutions" (1956). Natural Law Forum. Paper 7. http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/nd_naturallaw_forum/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Natural Law Forum by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NATURAL LAW IN THE MODERN EUROPEAN CONSTITUTIONS Gottfried Dietze THE SECOND WORLD WAR has brought about one of the most fundamental revolutions in modem European history. Unlike its predecessors of 1640, 1789, and 1917, the revolution of 1945 was not confined to one country. Its ideas did not gradually find their way into the well-established and stable orders of other societies. It was a spontaneous movement in the greater part of a continent that had traditionally been torn by dissension; and its impact was immediately felt by a society which was in a state of dissolution and despair. The revolution of 1945 had a truly European character. There was no uprising of a lower nobility as in 1640; of a third estate as in the French Revolution; of the proletariat as in Russia. Since fascism had derived support from all social strata and preached the solidarity of all citizens of the nation, there could hardly be room for a class struggle.
  • Revolt of the Masses: Armed Civilians and the Insurrectionary Theory of the Second Amendment

    Revolt of the Masses: Armed Civilians and the Insurrectionary Theory of the Second Amendment

    REVOLT OF THE MASSES: ARMED CIVILIANS AND THE INSURRECTIONARY THEORY OF THE SECOND AMENDMENT COLONEL CHARLES J. DUNLAP, JR., USAF* "A little rebellion now and then is a good thing." -Thomas Jefferson- "There is a feeling out there that if the government goes too far, there is going to be shooting someday." -Civilian militia leader, Catron County, NM, October 1994*** "If you say violence is an acceptable way to make change, you are wrong. -President William Clinton, May 1995'... I. INTRODUCTION With as many as 100,000 people in forty-five states organizing them- selves into self-styled militias much like the Catron County group,' the * Staff Judge Advocate, U.S. Strategic Command. B.A. 1972, St. Joseph's University; J.D. 1975, Villanova University; Distinguished Graduate, 1992, National War College. The views and opinions expressed in this Article are those of the author alone and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Defense or any of its components. ** As quoted in DICTIONARY OF MILITARY AND NAVAL QUOTATIONS 265 (Robert Debs Heinl, Jr. ed., 1966). *** Quoting Hugh McKeen, a county commissioner in Catron County, New Mexico, an area reported to be "a bastion of anti-Washington sentiment and where residents are organizing their own armed militia." See George de Lama, For Militias, Invaders of US. Are Everywhere, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, Oct. 31, 1994, at 1. **** Excerpts From Clinton's Commencement Speech, N.Y. TIMES, May 6, 1995, at 9 (Clinton delivered the commencement address at Michigan State University on May 5, 1995, in which he condemned the preaching of civilian militias who "dare ..
  • Revisionist Analysis of Edmund Burke's Political Ideology

    Revisionist Analysis of Edmund Burke's Political Ideology

    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1991 Revisionist analysis of Edmund Burke's political ideology Raenelle Fisher The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Fisher, Raenelle, "Revisionist analysis of Edmund Burke's political ideology" (1991). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5247. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5247 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY Copying allowed as provided under provisions of the Fair Use Section of the U.S. COPYRIGHT LAW, 1976. Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author’s written consent. University of A REVISIONIST ANALYSIS OF EDMUND BURKE'S POLITICAL IDEOLOGY by Raenelie Fisher B. AO, University of Montana, 1989 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Montana 1991 Approved by Chairman, Board aminer Dean, Graduate School UMI Number: EP40711 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
  • Metamorphoses of the Right of Resistance in Constitutionalism: from Tyrannicyde to the Reaction Against Global Injustice

    Metamorphoses of the Right of Resistance in Constitutionalism: from Tyrannicyde to the Reaction Against Global Injustice

    Metamorphoses of the Right of Resistance in Constitutionalism: From Tyrannicyde to the Reaction Against Global Injustice Daniela Bifulco* (10 aprile 2016) Michael Kohlhaas (...),einer der rechtschaffensten zugleich und entsetzlichsten Menschen seiner Zeit. (...)die Welt würde sein Andenken haben segnen müssen, wenn er in einer Tugend nicht ausgeschweift hätte. Das Rechtgefühl aber machte ihn zum Räuber und Mörder. Michael Kohlhaas (…), one of the most upright and at the same time one of the most terrible men of his day. (…) The world would have had every reason to bless his memory, if he had not carried one virtue to excess. But his sense of justice turned him into a brigand and a murderer. Heinrich von KLEIST, Michael Kohlhaas, 1808 SUMMARY Introduction. 1. Origin and evolution of the right of resistance. 1.1 The roots of the concept of resistance: ancient Greece and the transition from “genos” to “the polis”. Tyrannicide. 1.2 Right and duty of (passive and active) resistance in Christianity. The ecclesiastical resistance to the temporal power. 1.3 Right of resistance in the feudal system (feudal resistance). 1.4 The right of resistance in the absolute State and in revolutionary Constitutions. 2 Transformation of the right of resistance in the Rule-of- law State (and in the social Rule-of-law State).2.1 The (missed) constitutionalization of the right of resistance in Italy. The right of resistance in the German Basic Law (1949). 2.2 Defending democracies and human rights. New aspects and functions of the right of resistance in globalised economy and global injustice. INTRODUCTION The courageous and solitary resistance of Heinrich von Kleist’s hero did not have a happy ending; or maybe it did, if you consider death a price not too high to quench the thirst for justice.
  • The Right of Civil Resistance Under International Law and the Domestic Necessity Defense Matthew Lippman

    The Right of Civil Resistance Under International Law and the Domestic Necessity Defense Matthew Lippman

    Penn State International Law Review Volume 8 Article 2 Number 3 Dickinson Journal of International Law 1990 The Right of Civil Resistance Under International Law and the Domestic Necessity Defense Matthew Lippman Follow this and additional works at: http://elibrary.law.psu.edu/psilr Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Lippman, Matthew (1990) "The Right of Civil Resistance Under International Law and the Domestic Necessity Defense," Penn State International Law Review: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 2. Available at: http://elibrary.law.psu.edu/psilr/vol8/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Penn State Law eLibrary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Penn State International Law Review by an authorized administrator of Penn State Law eLibrary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Right of Civil Resistance Under International Law and the Domestic Necessity Defense Matthew Lippman* Morality, if it survives, could protect us from horror, but very little protects morality. And morality, besides, is hard to protect, because morality is only a few thoughts in our heads. And just as we quickly grow accustomed to brutal deeds and make way before them, so we are quickly stunned into foggy submissions by the brutal thoughts which, in our striving for comfort, we have allowed into our minds and which can snuff the life out of morality in a matter of moments if we happen to look the other way. And all the time we are operating under the illusion that we, mere individuals, have no power
  • The Perfect Victim: the “Profile in DERP” Farce

    The Perfect Victim: the “Profile in DERP” Farce

    The Perfect Victim: The “Profile in DERP” Farce Our findings and conclusions of our investigation into the intentional false public banning of Jkid from /cgl/, the misconduct and social bullying of Jkid by the 4chan moderators and their friends involved during and after Otakon 2010, and the real problem behind the scenes of 4chan.org By a concerned group of 4channers. Twitter: @Themuckrakers Formspring: www.formspringme/Themuckrakers Youtube: youtube.com/user/Themuckraker4 Email: [email protected] 1. Obligatory Inb4 to prevent potential apathic thoughts 2. Introduction 3. Summary of Investigation 4. Details of Investigation 5. Conclusions and what you can do. Appendix: - The Underworld Logs - The Snacks AIM Notes Inb4 the following: Not your personal army Who cares? Who gives a shit/fuck? I don‟t care lol autism lol assburgers lol bullying lol black retard lol retard lol Jkid DEAL WITH IT why didn‟t he manned up U MAD why didn‟t he be a man lol aspergers I don‟t give a fuck MODS=GODS Why didn‟t he kill himself? This isn‟t my problem That‟s old history That‟s ancient history Not my problem Why are you ressurrecting I don‟t give a damn I don‟t give a fuck No spergin it No jerking it Lol black aspie MAN UP Why can‟t he get out more Whites Only No blacks allowed No asspies/aspies/spergs allowed Why can‟t he go to cosplay.com/ flickr/picasa/cosplaylab.com like everyone else? Bitch about mods somewhere else Emo bitch Get the fuck over it Why are you making a big deal out of it? You making a big deal out of nothing.
  • Appeal to Heaven: on the Religious Origins of the Constitutional Right of Revolution

    Appeal to Heaven: on the Religious Origins of the Constitutional Right of Revolution

    William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal Volume 18 (2009-2010) Issue 2 Article 2 December 2009 Appeal to Heaven: On the Religious Origins of the Constitutional Right of Revolution John M. Kang Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj Part of the Legal History Commons Repository Citation John M. Kang, Appeal to Heaven: On the Religious Origins of the Constitutional Right of Revolution, 18 Wm. & Mary Bill Rts. J. 281 (2009), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj/ vol18/iss2/2 Copyright c 2009 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj APPEAL TO HEAVEN: ON THE RELIGIOUS ORIGINS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT OF REVOLUTION John M. Kang* “An Appeal to Heaven.” —Slogan appended to several American navy schooners in 1775, as they prepared for battle against the British Empire.1 When the government seeks to “enslave, or destroy” the people, the latter “have no other remedy in this . but to appeal to Heaven.” —John Locke, English philosopher (1691).2 INTRODUCTION The logic of democracy entails that people possess the right to alter or abolish their government. For Americans, this premise is more than philosophy; it is their history. And no document more famously articulated the rights of the people than did the Declaration of Independence. Read the key passage: “[W]henever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends [that is, the unalienable rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness], it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government .
  • Anonymous/ the World of Hackers DCV3.Pages

    Anonymous/ the World of Hackers DCV3.Pages

    * Hacker Manifesto Music: Credit Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio Cold Open: “We are Legion. We do not forgive. We do not forget. Expect us.” This is the typical calling card sign-off for Anonymous, a hacking collective that had formed by 2007. These hackers/activists - or to use their language, “hacktivists” - have used their ability to break into the technology that runs our lives to protest governments, bring down websites, and expose countless pieces of personal information. Anonymous has hassled the KKK, the Church of Scientology, and various governments across the world. They’ve hacked into institutions previously thought to be un-hackable. Like the NSA - the US National Security Agency. Who are they? Well- as the name implies - they are… anonymous. We don’t know most of their identities. They hide behind online aliases and the iconic Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta. Anonymous was born on 4-Chan’s B-Board - a forum dedicated to sharing ridiculous content, offensive jokes, and otherwise provide a safe-haven for young people with dark senses of humor. Humor like mine. Probably like yours. And from this community would bloom an ethos centered around protecting free speech, fighting government corruption, trying to not pay for copy-written movies and music, and sometimes fucking with completely innocent people just for some lulz [lulls]. Anonymous has backed both revolutions and cyber bullying. Today we will dig into the deeds and misdeeds of Anonymous - how they began, what they’ve done, and also dive into the history of hacking. Who were the first hackers? How has hacking evolved over the years? What kinds of heists have some of the world’s most talented and criminally- minded hackers pulled off? Been listening to a lot of early 2000’s techno this week doing the research.