2010

®

GSA Medals & Awards

Presented at the

of the 122nd Annual Meeting Geological Society of America S

30 October 2010 Denver, Colorado 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

RIP RAPP archaeological flints made it to the pages of off Santra Cruz Island in the north Channel Nature. Erv was the first to date an Acheulean Islands where he calibrated CHIRP sonar data ARCHAEOLOGICAL biface for the site of Combe Grenal in France. with sediment cores. GEOLOGY AWARD While at MU, Erv incorporated TL in In 1992, Erv found himself heading a rescue excavation of the Shriver site, a to the University of Georgia where he Presented to Pre-Clovis site in NW Missouri; work that continues to hold joint appointments in the Ervan G. Garisson was later published in Science. Erv recalls Anthropology and Geology departments. Erv reconciling the TL dates with the midcontinent established a summer field school in shallow glacial stratigraphy as a key point in his geophysics, the first university-based course career trajectory. From that time on out he of its kind offered in the US. Since 1993, the sought to employ geology to help decipher the course has taught over 100 students, mostly archaeological past. undergrads, how to use magnetic, electrical Erv’s first foray into the field of and radar survey instruments. archaeological geophysics was in the late Erv’s research program at UGA includes 1970s while still at MU. While directing a an ambitious marine geoarchaeological summer-long excavation in the Meramec survey of the continental shelf that uses River Valley in the Eastern Ozarks, he and NOAA vessels and Georgia survey David Denmam, using the university’s new equipment. The studies have resulted in proton magnetometer and metal detectors, graduate theses and published journal located slag heaps and iron deposits from articles outlining the archaeological and the oldest bloomery forge in Missouri. Later paleontological potential of the continental Erv surveyed a steamboat wreck in the White shelf as a coast landform in the late Ervan G. Garisson River, the George Washington Carver National Pleistocene. Perhaps the most notable University of Georgia Monument, and a city-block of Mormon discovery of this work to date was the Nauvoo. discovery and subsequent excavation at J Erv’s academic job at Texas A&M Reef of a complete subfossil mandible of allowed him to focus his research and the extinct Atlantic gray whale, dated to 36 Citation by Scott H. Pike teaching on geoprospection of terrestrial and ka. The fossil is currently at the Smithsonian marine/estuarine sites. Erv designed a marine being cast for reference copies. Today I have the great pleasure of archaeology survey course where students Having now worked in archaeological reading the citation for the 2010 recipient of mapped known historic shipwrecks in the Gulf geology for over thirty years, Erv and his the Rip Rapp Archaeological Geology Award, of Mexico. In the 1980s, Erv received funding UGA colleague and former Archaeological Erv Garrison. This award is appropriate to from the Minerals Management Survey to Geology Division Award winner, Norman recognize the significant contributions that guide a major study of marine survey and Herz, pulled their vast and varied experiences Erv has made to the burgeoning field of mapping methodologies. During this work, he together and, in 1998, co-authored archaeological geology. Hidden within Erv’s and his team discovered and excavated a 19th the textbook “Geological Methods for laidback southern demeanor is a scholar and century French shipwreck in the Chandeleur Archaeology.” In 2003, Erv wrote a second educator who pursues his research with a quiet Islands off Louisiana. textbook “Techniques in Archaeological intensity and provides unwavering support In 1981, Erv began an international multi- Geology.” and opportunities for his undergraduate and year collaboration with the Archaeological I resist labeling this award a “life-time graduate students. Throughout Erv’s career Service of the Canton of Neuchatel in achievement award” because as I know Erv he has always been at the interdisciplinary Switzerland. Erv’s team carried out will continue to produce significant research crossroads between the physical sciences and geophysical surveys along Lake Neuchatel’s and train more students in the coming years. archaeology. north shore and eastern mid-lake sections. In With this award the Archaeological Geology Erv was first introduced to archaeometry concert with a systematic geophysical coring Division acknowledges Erv’s contributions to as a master’s student at the University of program, Erv characterized the post-Late the fields of archaeology and geology, yet we Arkansas, where he worked on nuclear fission Glacial Maximum lacustrine landscape and its also await his future valuable contributions to track and alpha-recoil dating on micas from relationship to prehistoric settlements on the our science. the Mississippian site of Hazel Mount and ancient lakeshore. Erv also led excavations published a dating sequence of the Hohokam of Neolithic and Late Bronze Age settlements in Archaeometry. funded in part by EARTHWATCH and the Response By Ervan G. Garrison Following his “archaeometric muse”, Canton of Neuchatel. In 1985, Erv’s team I would like to thank Scott Pike, my Erv pursued his dissertation training in discovered one of the largest bronze metal citationist, for finding 500 words to describe nuclear archaeometry at the University of troves ever discovered in Switzerland. my career in archaeological geology. It has Missouri. Studying under David Cowan and From 1990 to 1992, Erv began a three made me feel like I may have accomplished Ralph Rowlett, Erv learned the rudiments of year appointment with the National Marine something over the past 30 years. I thank my thermoluminescence dating techniques that Sanctuaries Program where he established a peers in this vibrant branch of GSA and the led to his dissertation on the electron spin base for their heritage programs. Following larger discipline of geology, for extending resonance dating of archaeological flints. a brief sojourn in DC, he conducted and this honor to me. It is both gratifying and Erv’s important work dating geological and published a marine geoarchaelogical study humbling, well-worn adjectives, in the sense

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS of acceptance prose, but true, nonetheless. I reader for a luminescence dating system. Nor Without access to such a device I doubt am, likewise, moved to be accepting an award have I abandoned my abiding interest in the there would have been a doctoral study and named for a true gentleman and one of the application of shallow geophysical techniques subsequent Nature article on the ESR dating founding scholars of this field, George “Rip” in the service of archaeology. One can look of French Acheulean flints. Rapp. Having my name mentioned in the around my UGA lab and see more than a little As I say, MU was an eye-opener to a same context as Rip’s is an honor. I follow evidence for this passion. lab-rat like myself. People like Ray Wood my UGA colleague Norman “Norm” Herz in I have not been much of a “job hopper”. and his, then, students were out at Rodgers receiving this award. I was co-citationist on I have only worked at two great universities— Shelter, in western Missouri, rewriting the Norm’s award. UGA and Texas A&M. My only time book on paleoenvironmental studies in I am glad Scott mentioned, I’m not outside of the academy was my short stint Midwestern-Ozarks archaeology. I didn’t quite ready to go quietly into emeritus status. as archaeologist for the National Oceanic & get to work there but I “watched” over their Those of you who know me would probably Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Even academic shoulders. Without knowing it, I say Erv doesn’t generally go anywhere after I came to Georgia, in 1992, I never began to adopt their methodology in my own “quietly”. I think, as a teacher and researcher, completely “left” NOAA by virtue of their work—palynology/phytoliths; paleoclimate; I have a few miles left in my tank, and if generous support of my own and my students’ sedimentology; zooarchaeology; etc. etc. So anything energizes one to do more, it is to offshore marine geoarchaeological studies when I did work on a project that involved be recognized for their work on occasions of the continental shelf. NOAA’s research archaeological geology—the Shriver Site—I such as this. I am lucky, as I say, to be at a vessels and in-kind support has facilitated was conversant. At Shriver, a “pre-paleo” great Southern university, the University research leading to two UGA masters theses horizon was identified and subsequently of Georgia. It is a pleasure to work at an and, lately, an on-going doctoral study. described in a 1978 Science publication by institution and with earth science colleagues I would like to expand on each of Mike Reagan, et al. I did the TL and, in the who value a field like archaeological geology. these milestones in my career—Missouri, process, met many of the field principals on I wish more of our research universities did Texas, Washington, D.C. and Georgia—in the study not the least of which was KU’s so. Saying this, I can enumerate several such sequence, beginning with my introduction Wakefield Dort, Jr. Dort introduced me to the institutions who house previous awardees so to archaeological geology at the University Peoria Loess and how litho/pedostratigraphy I, and UGA, are in very, very good company. of Missouri. Few people enter a doctoral works. Artefacts found atop18 ka land Lastly, as I am so keenly aware, I owe my program with a brand new 6 week old baby surfaces, such as those at Shriver, by simple family for the love, patience and support they but the Garrisons did. Children don’t notice deduction, have that Terminus post quem. That have given me over my academic career. “graduate school poverty” so it worked for us lesson stuck. My “travels” in archaeological geology over our almost four years at MU. Now, glacial landscapes are non- began, as Scott notes, while I was a graduate One brief but important note regarding existent in the Southeast U.S. unless their student at the University of Missouri. I had a publication I co-authored while at the unseen remains are perched on some buried chosen “Mizzou” for my doctoral training, University of Arkansas and in the employ Paleozoic terrane in the Appalachians. Glacial after two degrees from the University of of the reknowned Arkansas Archeological landscapes abound north of 39 degrees Arkansas, because of a nuclear reactor. Not Survey (no, AAS does not use an “a”). North Latitude aka central Missouri. There just any nuclear reactor, but a “research” Jeff Flenniken and I worked for AAS at I confronted glacial till and end moraines. reactor and a nascent Laboratory for Nuclear Fayetteville. Jeff is one of the real gurus In one case, my earnest graduate schooled Archaeometry. My University of Arkansas of lithic technology and he was good, even recognition of till-produced “geofacts” led me masters study was centered on nuclear track back in the mid-70s. He was interested in the to contradict a good friend and professional dating of muscovite (mica) in prehistoric properties of novaculite and asked my help archaeologist’s identification of these as “pre- pottery. At MU, Walter D. Keller, “Mr. MU on a simple heat treatment experiment which forms”. He graciously took it in stride but I Geology” introduced me to the electron subsequently turned into a 1975 publication in learned how very important it is to recognize microprobe. JFA. That brief foray into the thermal behavior the “faux” in presumed archaeological My real exposure to earth science, of flint led to, probably, one our more cited materials. A little earth science prevents big outside of crystalline mineralogy, began at papers. embarrassments. MU through both classes and field studies at As I noted, MU had a research reactor Texas was different. No glaciers down the side of some very talented archaeologists and a Laboratory for Nuclear Archaeometry. there—at least not since the Paleozoic. I and geoscientists. One of these individuals That facility is now directed by my good met my first vertisol—it cracked our house was W. Raymond “Ray” Wood, “Mr. friend Mike Glasscock. Mike had not arrived foundation. A&M was a place where marine Plains Archaeology”, who made “closet” at MU while I was resident but he inherited a studies are preeminent—oceanography, geomorphologists and paleoecologists out unique and singular facility in archaeological marine geology, marine geophysics, nautical a lot of us. So I went to Missouri to “do” science. With the unfortunate demise of archaeology, etc. They even had a three archaeometry and left Columbia with a skill Penn’s MASCA, it pretty much stands alone person submersible! While I had begun the set for geoarchaeology. on the U.S. landscape. MU was doing TL as use of shallow geophysical methods while at Interestingly enough, as my career well. Ralph Rowlett introduced me to that MU, the horizons for these types of studies has evolved, I find that I was drawn more- technique and well as to European prehistory. were much broader in Texas. There I had and-more to the “geo” side of things Neutron activation was not new to me when access to marine geophysical instruments such archaeological to the diminishment of my I entered MU. I had used the smaller reactor as acoustical and magnetic, and high-precision more strictly archaeometric studies. Now at then UM-Rolla for the same purpose. microwave radar positioning systems. The this is not to say I do not appreciate an MU’s machine was a 15 MW reactor thereby sea called but first I did a terrestrial survey electron microprobe, an XRD or an optical allowing shorter, higher neutron flux studies. for David Hurst Thomas at St. Catherines

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

Island, Georgia. Dave and his American get an appreciation of how much discharge and NOAA scientists—began a systematic Museum of Natural History team were those so-called “ephemeral” island streams geoarchaeological survey of this sanctuary. systematically surveying that barrier island can produce. Our RC dates for the buried Sherri Littman and Windy Weaver wrote for a lost Spanish mission, Santa Catalina de surfaces came back “historic” in age. Those graduate theses on sediment coring studies Guale, one of string of 16th and 17th missions offshore sediment prisms are young. To reach there. Their work and my own led to a 2008 established from South Carolina, southward Holocene levels, on the island’s shelf, it will synthesis of the late Quaternary geology of to St. Augustine and one of more important. take piston or vibracore technology or core this mid-to-inner shelf with an eye toward I borrowed a proton mag from my friend Rik the deeper Santa Barbara Basin, which is archaeology and paleontology. Working with Anuskiewicz, then an archaeologist with the exactly what Jim Kennett, UCSB, and the Fred Rich at Georgia Southern gave me and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and went Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) did a couple my students insights into paleoecology of “mission hunting”. Long story short—we of years later. the Georgia Bight and that facet has become “scored”. In less than three days we hit a Lake Neuchâtel was formed by glacial an integral element of my research since series of anomalies that had to be associated scour and erosion. I don’t know if Louis 1994. In 2006 we discovered a real surprise with some type of man-made structures. We Agassiz noticed this when he wrote Studies of in the course of our underwater surveys—a left some flag pins with “guidance” such as Glaciers, while professor still at Neuchâtel. prehistoric whale. Not just any prehistoric “dig here” written on them. Dave dug and the He probably did. Agassiz remains one of whale but an extinct Atlantic Gray Whale rest is well-documented in journal articles and my geological heroes along with another not seen in the north Atlantic since the 17th monographs. Swiss pioneer, F_A. Forel, who, while century. Excavation over the course of the I returned to Georgia in ’79–82 to work at the University of Geneva, founded the following two summers recovered a nearly with Rik Anuskiewicz on the study of a modern study of limnology, in the late 19th complete mandible and two vertebrae dated to Confederate ironclad, the CSS Georgia. It century. Forel mapped the location of all the 36-38 ka. was a project long on interesting results but prehistoric sites along the Leman aka Lake The Smithsonian currently has the difficult underwater archaeology. If one has of Geneva. His career was a clear harbinger mandible making copies for their collection. not dove the Savannah River at ebb tide then for modern archaeological geology. In 1985, The continental shelf has not been as they cannot really know what fear really is. ’86, ’88, ’90 and ’93 I led geophysical giving in terms of human prehistory at least It’s dark—no, it’s black—and the current in surveys of the northern shore and central not off Georgia. It’s a big place and hard to that river turns a diver into an underwater basin of Lake Neuchâtel. We were looking survey using SCUBA. Nevertheless, three streamer. I did gain real experience in marine for anything prehistoric—sites, boats and artefacts have been found in the course of our sediment coring using a large Ewing piston buried landforms. In an early issue of our work there. Two are chipped stone and one coring rig. Reconciling the coring data to field’s journal,Geoarchaology , we published is bone/antler. None have come from intact SONAR data was a real learning experience. our discovery of buried Pleistocene age deposits so they are interesting in their own It was the genesis, for me, of the use of this paleochannels which helped inform our right but telling in what this implies for site methodology in evolving a protocol for doing understanding of the extensive lake level preservation on coastal plain landforms. There marine geoarchaeology off both U.S. coasts change in this Alpine hydrological system, are exposed stream terraces and paleosols out and in European lakes. from the Paleolithic to today. We dug onshore there so hope lives in regard to an eventual I “left the land” altogether thereafter as well. Excavation of Chalcolithic to Late discovery of a late Pleistocene—early conducting several geophysical surveys Bronze Age settlements provided insights Holocene archaeological locale. My students, of lacustrine sites in Switzerland together into sedimentation rates, erosion-deposition, I hope, will find these sites. with offshore sites in the Gulf of Mexico along with locations for paleoecological A final word regarding shallow and the Santa Barbara Channel from 1985- studies using these sediments. One thing, in geophysics and archaeological geology- what 1993. In this period I was working at Texas that regard, we quickly learned, was the infill a difference this has made to our endeavors. A&M from ‘85-’90 and then with NOAA of this lake, after “LGM”, was more than we UGA has supported my own “habit” such from ‘90-’92. Two interesting projects in ever imagined. A 14 m+ sediment core, taken that I teach a summer course, each year, in the Gulf involved an 18th century French in the central lake, was only able to sample the use of radar, magnetics and EM-electrical shipwreck and the other a geological mapping Atlantic Period pollen. methods. of the continental shelf off Mobile. In the 1992 marked my move back to academia Other schools now do this but when we Santa Barbara Channel, a large portion of and to the University of Georgia where I started back I 1993, UGA was “alone”. Many which is National Marine Sanctuary, I led reside today. of our UGA students have done theses using a geoarchaeological study of the drowned As I have said, I never completely these methods. Maybe one of them will find shelf of Santa Cruz Island using CHIRP “left” NOAA when I made this move. another lost mission. We can always hope. SONAR for the first time and combined this Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary is To sum up, I reiterate that an award such with shallow sediment coring of interesting 20 miles offshore of Sapelo Island, Georgia. as this makes one think their career choice sub-bottom profiler strata. While we found Thanks to the generous support of the NOAA may have been worth it. I certainly think so. no ancient land surfaces or paleosols we did folks there, we—me, my UGA students Thank you again for this honor.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

GILBERT H. CADY Colin’s curiosity has also carried him My involvement with coal geology outside of Australia. In the early 1970s he began in my undergraduate days, which AWARD worked and studied in Illinois. In the same were supported by a scholarship from Presented to decade he was one of the first to examine in the Australian coal industry. As part of Colin R. Ward detail the coal deposits of northern Borneo, that scholarship I gained vacation work in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, and later experience in activities such as drill core to work on the coal in Thailand (the infamous logging and underground mine mapping, and Mae Moh coal deposit and power plant). was introduced to the wide and wonderful He has spent significant time in Kentucky range of coal quality parameters that need to studying, among other things, core logging in be evaluated for different market applications. coal-bearing sequences. Since then, Colin’s When I moved on to academic employment work has covered virtually every continent I thought it might be useful to look at the where coal occurs. mineral matter in coal, rather than follow the There are two publications of Colin’s that more conventional fields of coal petrology stand out and should be mentioned. The first or coal-measure sedimentology, and over is the book “Geology and Coal Technology”. the years that has turned out to be a very Originally printed in 1984 it still stands out in worthwhile focus for research activities. I terms of its scope. It covers the academic side have managed to work on coals from all of of coal including depositional environments the continents except Antarctica, and have and petrographic composition as well as been to outcrops, mines, research centres applied aspects such as coal quality variation and conferences in more than 20 different Colin R. Ward University of New South Wales and the implications this has for beneficiation. countries around the world. It is still used as a textbook to this day. The Nobody wins an award like this second highly significant publication is the alone, and I would like to acknowledge paper “Analysis and significance of mineral the large number of colleagues who have matter in coal”, published in 2002. This been involved in the different research and Citation by Tim A. Moore incredibly fine synopsis is consistently one of publication activities. I would particularly Invariably, when one thinks of mineral the most cited and downloaded papers in the like to thank Lila Gurba, David French and matter in coal, one thinks of Colin Ward. history of the International Journal of Coal Zhongsheng Li for their many and varied But Colin is no mere specialist mired in the Geology. contributions, as well as the graduate students details of a single aspect of coal geology – his Above and beyond his ability and breadth and technical staff who provided input to expertise spans the breadth of coal science. as a scientist, one of Colin’s greatest attributes the research programs. I would also like to Topics of papers authored by Colin also is that he is always willing to help those thank the referees of our various papers, for cover organic composition, geomechanics, coming into the field as well as those already challenging our perceptions and, perhaps mining hazards, coal seam gas, and the wide, established. This probably explains Colin’s above all, for helping to keep us honest. wonderful and weird world of coal ash and extensive list of co-authors and has resulted in Coal is a fascinating geological material; its properties. Although Colin has spent an impressive list of over 300 publications. It in fact, there is no other rock like it on almost forty years in academia, he has always is for all of these accomplishments that Colin the planet. I have enjoyed looking into its worked closely with industry and is one of truly has earned the honour of receiving the properties over the years, and especially the few academics who truly value the inputs Geological Society of America’s Cady Award. investigating the use of new technologies and contributions that industry can make. for coal evaluation. I have also enjoyed communicating the results to others in the For this he is highly respected by industry Response by Colin R. Ward professionals and continues to give workshops industry and research communities. The Cady around the world. I would like to thank GSA very sincerely Award is a totally unexpected honour, and Australia has been Colin’s primary for the honour associated with this award, and I thank the Coal Geology Division for the laboratory. Australia’s coal deposits are the also the respected colleagues who initiated and recognition it has bestowed. greatest in the world in terms of variety of supported the nomination. The list of previous coal ages, coal types, coal quality and all the recipients is long and distinguished, and it is resultant properties that arise from such a both a pleasure and a privilege to join such an level of variation. Such variation might drive illustrious group. Two previous recipients, Hal a mine manager or coal company CEO to Gluskoter and John Ferm, served as mentors drink. However, it gives the scientist a chance for me during study leave appointments, and to see the full spectrum of variability in coal. several others have become collaborators and For this reason, I believe Colin’s deep and colleagues on different projects in more recent unique understanding of coal comes in part years. I have benefited many times from their from his exposure to the coal measures of wise counsel, as well as their friendship and Australia. support.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS E.B. BURWELL, JR., AWARD Presented to William L. Bilodeau, Sally W. Bilodeau, Eldon M. Gath, Mark Oborne, and Richard J. Proctor for their article titled “Geology of Los Angeles, California, USA” in the March 2007 issue of Environmental & Engineering Geology (v. XIII:2, pp. 99-160).

William L. Bilodeau Sally W. Bilodeau Eldon M. Gath Mark Oborne Richard J. Proctor

Citation by J. David Rogers the Engineering Geologists Qualifications 1933. Three-fourths of the city’s structures Board established by the City of Los Angeles have been constructed since 1945 using This year’s Burwell Award winning in 1958, the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake increasingly demanding building codes. In article has a simple title that understates the which led to passage of the Alquist-Priolo Act addition, LA was the first city to require profound effect that Los Angeles has had in 1972 and the Seismic Safety Act of 1975, grading and excavation permits (1952), on the profession of engineering geology, the 1990 Seismic Hazards Mapping Act, and engineering geologic input (1958), special perhaps more than any other city in the world. the numerous modifications to the Uniform design considerations for landslide mitigation Bringing together all the diverse aspects that Building Code for seismic safety, most of (1967), surface fault setbacks (1972), geology plays in development of this large which came about in the 1990s, after the 1989 liquefaction assessments (1991),and tsunami and sprawling city has been admirably done Loma Prieta and 1994 Northridge earthquakes. run-up (2006). All of these improvements by the authors and will serve the engineering The countless geohazards which were driven by the political fallout of geology community of Southern California as impact Los Angeles development arise high-visibility failures, either within their an important resource for many years to come. in large part from its being situated along jurisdiction or elsewhere (such as the 2004 There is much about Los Angeles that one of the world’s most active tectonic Andaman Islands tsunami). It is likely that Los has affected the profession of engineering boundaries, between the Pacific and North Angeles will continue to maintain a leading geology, perhaps more than any other city. American continental plates. Much of the position in developing increasingly safe The need for infrastructure was evident city’s sprawling infrastructure lies upon an building codes as they await the ultimate test, soon after its founding, given its agreeable enormous sedimentary basin, filled with when a large magnitude earthquake emanates climate coupled with the shortage of water; 30,000 ft (9,100 m) of mostly shallow marine from the southern San Andreas fault. a population boom, with its consequent sediments of late tertiary and Quaternary transportation requirements; and recurring Brief biographies of the co-authors age. Virtually all of the major challenges that large earthquakes amid the rumble of smaller, William (Bill) Bilodeau is a geology have impacted the practice of engineering and stress-relieving tremors. The development of professor at California Lutheran University in environmental geology, as well as engineering Los Angeles recounts a story that highlights Thousand Oaks, California. After completing seismology, have been profoundly impacted the fact that technical expertise is constantly his BA at the University of California, Santa by what has transpired in and around Los needed to meet the challenges of urban Barbara in 1973 and his Ph.D. at Stanford Angeles over the past 100 years. That the development in an environmentally changing University in 1979, he began his teaching area presently supports a population base of and tectonically active area. career at the University of Colorado at roughly 17 million people is stark testament This article does a superb job of Denver. His research interests lie in the areas to its importance as a commercial center. explaining how the various geohazards of structural geology, regional tectonics, And, the area continues to grow. The Port of threatening the greater Los Angeles Basin clastic sedimentation and stratigraphy. Since Los Angeles/Long Beach now imports about were discovered, beginning with the 1915 coming to California Lutheran University in 25% of the seaborne commerce entering the Los Angeles County Flood Control Act, the 1990 he has strengthened the field aspects continental United States. adoption of the Uniform Building Code in of the geology program, introducing new Los Angeles has become, in essence, 1927, the 1929 California Dam Safety Act, courses in geophysics and introductory a model American city because the great the 1933 Long Beach Earthquake, which oceanography. In his 20 years at CLU, Bill has majority of its structures have been built after prompted passage of the Riley and Field Acts always fostered a field-based approach to his the initial adoption of building codes with regulating seismic design considerations, classes, and leading annual field trips to Death strict seismic design tenants, beginning in

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

Valley and Owens Valley/Eastern Sierra in AEG, GSA, AAPG, AGU, SSA, EERI, IAEG, Burwell Jr. Award for 2010. We would like his introductory Physical Geology course. He and several local geological organizations in to thank both the Awards Committee and also leads international Travel/Study Seminar southern California. the Engineering Geology Division of the trips each year, which have allowed him to Mark Oborne is a senior engineering Geological Society of America for this Award. take students, alumni, faculty and interested geologist with the Geotechnical Group of In addition, we would like to thank Dave geologists to places like Costa Rica, Belize, the Department of Public Works for the City Rogers for his citation and particularly thank Ecuador and the Galapagos, Italy and Sicily, of Los Angeles. He obtained his Bachelors Allen Hatheway who got us all started on this Turkey and Greece, New Zealand and to (1978) and Masters (1982) degrees in road. Australia. His favorite destination is the Grand Geoscience from California State University This paper got its start with Eldon Gath Canyon, where he will be leading his 13th raft at Northridge specializing in structural at the helm long before I became involved trip in June 2011. geology and stratigraphic analysis. He is a in it. Sally and I joined in the effort around Sally Bilodeau is a California licensed professional geologist and Certified 1996. Allen Hatheway, as editor of the “Cities Professional Geologist (PG), Certified Engineering Geologist in California and has of the World” series, asked Sally to see if she Engineering Geologist (CEG) and Certified worked as a geologist in the southern California could help get the paper moving as she had Hydrogeologist (CHG), and a Certified area for over 30 years with an emphasis on land experience in writing two other papers on the Environmental Manager in Nevada. She development and later on public works projects geology of major cities, Denver and Boulder, has over 30 years of experience in the for the City of Los Angeles. He has authored Colorado. Allen thought Sally, with her charm environmental field and specializes in RCRA and co-authored publications regarding active and enthusiasm, could spark renewed writing permitting, assessment, and corrective action. faulting, landslides, and geologic investigations on the project. The paper had quite a few co- She received her BA in Earth Science from for tunnels . authors involved but they were all just too busy California State University-Fullerton and Richard J. “Dick” Proctor grew up to get it done. Sally was given the green light obtained her MS in Applied Earth Science in southern California and received his BS to reorganize and reassign duties and deadlines. from Stanford University. She has been in geology from UCLA in 1954, when he She brought me in to write the sedimentology/ with AECOM (and ENSR) since 2000. She joined the Metropolitan Water District as their stratigraphy and regional tectonic history but originally worked as an engineering geologist first geologist on their payroll. After service we soon realized there was more that needed to assessing geologic hazards associated with in the Army he returned to UCLA for a MS be done. Eldon Gath and Richard Proctor were land development and later became involved degree (1958), when he joined the newly the only two survivors of the original authors in cleaning up hazardous waste sites. She has formed California Association of Engineering from the first go-round. Eldon is the expert on publications ranging from fault studies in Geologists. By 1963 he was MWDs chief Southern California earthquakes and kept us Guatemala to Groundwater Monitoring of US geologist with a staff of 12 geologists, current on the latest information coming out Landfills. For the Cities of the World Series working on an extensive program of tunnels of the Southern California Earthquake Center that the Association of Engineering Geologists and aqueduct extensions associated with the and active tectonics in general. Richard is an (AEG) started in 1980, she has co-authored California Water Project and the Colorado old hand at this and has received the Burwell three papers, Geology of Denver, Geology of River Aqueduct, before retiring in 1979. Award before. He was a great source for Boulder, and most recently Geology of Los During those formative years he also served providing the historic stuff like old photos and Angles. She is a past recipient of the AEG best as Chairman of the Los Angeles County information on historic landslides, tunnels, paper of the year awards in 1983 and 1988. Engineering Geologists Review Board and the San Fernando Earthquake and Fairfax Eldon Gath is President of Earth the U.S. National Committee on Tunneling methane explosions. He also provided the Consultants International, which he founded Technology. He co-edited the landmark most entertaining stories and essential insider in 1997. Previous to this he was Principal volume “Engineering Geology in Southern knowledge about the fathers of Los Angeles Geologist with Leighton & Associates. He California” for AEG in 1966, wrote AEG’s engineering geology. Mark Oborne provided also served as President of the Association first Professional Practice Guidelines (1981), key governmental access to the City of Los of Engineering Geologists in 1996-97. He and co-edited “Engineering Geology Practice Angeles map files and area specific information has a BS in Geology from the University of in Southern California,” published by AEG that kept us honest about editorializing about Minnesota (1978), complimented by 29 years in 1992. In the 1970s he became a Visiting certain high profile hazards due to pending of post-graduate education at various Southern Associate Professor of Geology at Caltech, as lawsuits. Sally had hoped to pull it all together California institutions, and holds Professional well as a consulting geologist for Lindvall- but realized that she was just too busy at work Geologist and Engineering Geologist licenses Richter in Pasadena. Dick served as President (the paper had languished for several years). I in California. He has worked extensively on of the Association of Engineering Geologists had a sabbatical coming up in early 2006 and engineering geologic projects, community in 1980 and is a previous recipient of the volunteered to respond to review comments planning, and seismic hazard studies in E.B. Burwell Award (1972), the AIPG Van and assemble it all. Once it was accepted Southern California, but has also completed Couvering Award (1990), AEG’s Holdrege for publication, the journal editors wanted multiple projects in Turkey, Japan, and Award (1995), AEG Publication Award the final copy in time to publish it before the Taiwan, plus for the last five years has been (1998), AIPG Parker Medal (2003), and 2007 annual meeting of the Association of heavily involved with paleoseismic studies Honorary Member of AEG (2004). Engineering Geologists which was to be held and seismic risk models for the Panama Canal in Los Angeles that year. We just made it. expansion. He has served on many steering Despite the work being a marathon effort it was and guidance committees including for the Response by William Bilodeau very gratifying to finally assemble a detailed National Academy of Sciences, NEHRP, On behalf of my co-authors, I can picture of the geology of Los Angeles and USGS, Los Angeles County, and many honestly say we were all pleasantly surprised the evolution of the practice of engineering professional organizations. He is a Member of and are highly honored to receive the E.B. geology as experienced in Los Angeles.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

GEORGE P. rebound, coastal subsidence, ground water to Hurricane Katrina, implying that the levees depletion, and climate change-induced melting had simply subsided one or more meters WOOLLARD AWARD of the Greenland ice sheet. Some of Tim’s and below their design height, and were easily Presented to coworkers key contributions include studies of over-topped in the hurricane storm surge. Timothy H. Dixon global plate motion (REVEL-1) and regional Perhaps one of Tim’s most important tectonic studies in the Andes, Caribbean, accomplishments has been the establishment California, Central America, Iceland and of a vigorous laboratory for space geodetic other areas. He also had major contributions research at the University of Miami. This to studies of crustal deformation, faulting and laboratory trains students and post-docs, and seismic hazard assessments. For example, Tim welcomes visitors, especially students, from pioneered GPS observations in the Caribbean all over the world, for extended periods of and was the first to estimate a long-term rate time. Visitors can learn the latest tools of and seismic hazard for the Eriquillo Fault that space geodesy, and bring this expertise back ruptured this January causing the devastating to their home institutions, thereby promoting earthquake in Haiti. His accurate slip estimate its use for a wide variety of geologic from 1998, which was validated a decade problems. later when much better data were available, Tim’s vision from three decades ago for was derived from only three GPS sites in using space geodesy as a tool in geological Hispaniola, but with excellent understanding research became a reality. His scientific of the island’s geology and of earthquake work, student and post-doc mentoring and deformation processes. contribution to the community make him Timothy H. Dixon University of Miami Tim’s research often brings together a most appropriate recipient of the 2010 disparate data types, combining space geodesy Woollard Award. with other information in new creative ways. For example, with his wife Jackie, he studied the weak upper mantle in the western US, Response by Timothy H. Dixon Citation by Shimon Wdowinski combining data from geodesy, seismology, I am extremely grateful to GSA and Tim Dixon has pioneered the application geochemistry, and laboratory data on material members of the Geophysics Division for of space geodesy (GPS, InSAR and DORIS) properties of minerals, to show that the honoring me with this award. to study a fascinating variety of geologic weak mantle is a consequence of not only The research that I have done would not processes. Nowadays space geodesy, with its relatively high temperature but also high water have been possible without the contributions amazing accuracy to measure small surface concentration. This study was also one of of a large number of dedicated scientists changes, is widely used in geological research the first to demonstrate consistency between and engineers who create and maintain and basically considered as a mainstream laboratory and geodetic descriptions of olivine the infrastructure we call satellite geodesy. science. However 30 years ago, when Tim rheology, despite many orders of magnitude When Woollard was doing his work in the joined NASA as a young scientist, geological difference in strain rates between the two 1940’s, 50’s, and 60’s, geodesy existed as a applications of space geodesy were mostly approaches. discipline, but it was not a widely used tool in a vision. Tim’s dedicated research, as well More recently, Tim and coworkers have geophysics. The advent of artificial satellites as the contribution of his generation of begun using space geodesy to address a initiated geodesy as a both a measurement pioneering geodesists, has paved the road for number of socially important problems related technique and major discipline. It is a global a large number of researchers to use GPS, to hydrology and global change. For example, endeavor. More than most disciplines, InSAR and other techniques in a large variety they have used InSAR and GPS observations it requires collective effort. It is usually of geological applications. He is definitely to study subsidence in Mexico City associated not possible to recognize the people who a worthy recipient of the Woollard award with ground water withdrawal in excess of contribute these efforts in a formal way, but I that recognizes “outstanding contributions recharge. These types of studies are likely to would like to remedy that now. to geology through the application of the grow in importance as population pressure Most of us take it for granted that an principles and techniques of geophysics.” and climate change exacerbate water resource inexpensive GPS receiver can tell us where Tim contributed to the development of issues. Another example is sea level rise and we are within a few meters. But to support space geodesy as a tool, as well as pushing the role of local subsidence in flood hazard. the type of measurements necessary for the boundaries of the types of geologic Tim and coworkers have been using space many geological applications, where location problems that can be studied with these tools. geodesy to address this issue in New Orleans. precise to a few millimeters may be needed, Furthermore his publications on this topic, in Their studies highlight the role of compaction a large group of dedicated geodesists have particular his 1991 Reviews of Geophysics and oxidation of Holocene organic-rich to maintain a sophisticated global system. paper on GPS, as it was very early in the soils and marsh deposits in causing current This system developed over many decades, GPS era, have encouraged others to pursue high subsidence rates, and consequent low beginning with the launch of Sputnik in 1957. this research tool. Tim and his students, post- elevation in some parts of New Orleans, as In the early 1980’s, shortly after engineers docs and colleagues have used space geodesy contributors to the catastrophic flooding after developed and launched the first satellites to study plate motion, crustal deformation Hurricane Katrina. They also showed that of the GPS system, several clever people and faulting, earthquake hazard, mountain some of the levees that failed suffered very figured out that these satellites could also be building, volcanic processes, post-glacial high subsidence rates in the three years prior used for high precision geodesy. This built

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS on developments in Very Long Baseline satellite tracking networks, calculate high Cabral, Chuck Connor, Chuck DeMets, Roy Interferometry (VLBI) and Satellite Laser precision ephemerides, write or improve Dokka, Kevin Furlong, Rob Govers, Chris Ranging (SLR) supported by NASA, NOAA, software for data analysis, and maintain data Harrison, Pam Jansma, Jeff Lee, Glenn the Navy, and many international institutions. archives, all in support of our global geodetic Mattiolli, Meghan Miller, Fred Pollitz, Marino While VLBI and SLR were too large and endeavor. Protti, Merith Reheis, Susan Schwartz, Seth expensive for most geological applications, No one works in a vacuum, and Stein, Shimon Wdowinksi, and John Weber. I many of the lessons learned still apply today I certainly owe more than most to the have also been privileged to study and work to GPS and InSAR, for example how to distinguished students, post-docs and faculty at institutions that have been both supportive generate high precision satellite ephemerides, colleagues that I have had the privilege of and inspiring, including the University and how to calculate and correct for variable working with. I cannot name everyone, but of Western Ontario in Canada, Scripps atmospheric effects. On-going efforts in let me at least mention current and former Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, orbital mechanics, atmospheric physics, students Ailin Mao, Edmund Norabuena, Peter the Jet Propulsion Lab, and the University of signal processing, and geophysical modeling LaFemina, Gina Schmalzle, Kim Outerbridge, Miami. Finally, I owe a huge debt of gratitude continue to improve the precision and range Batuhan Osmanoglu, and Yan Jiang; post- to my wife Jackie, who has been my rock and of applications. Satellite geodesy is widely docs and lab visitors Giovanni Sella, Andy partner in research, family and life, despite used today, including environmental and Newman, Sang Wan Kim, Juliet Biggs, Sang having a very productive career of her own in global change applications, with the support Hoon Hong, Christina Plattner, and Francesca earth sciences. Thank you. of individuals and institutions who maintain Cigna; and colleagues Falk Amelung, Enrique

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

BIGGS AWARD FOR Mike to come with him instead. And that has as a recruiting tool for students into our made all the difference. One caring faculty program. Since Mike’s arrival, our list of EXCELLENCE IN member at an opportune point of time, a small majors has grown from about 40 to 75, in EARTH SCIENCE department that nurtured their students to grow large part due to his influence. and prosper, and an escape from a steel mill During Mike’s second year at SUNY TEACHING town into the international scientific world. A Potsdam, he wrote a successful ACS three- geologist was born that day, and a fire was lit year grant to fund student research in Nova Presented to that continues to burn vigorously. Scotia. This project is at the World Heritage Michael C. Rygel Mike is very aware that it is the field Joggins Site. Three students accompanied of geology, and a few very fine and caring him for a month during the summer of faculty, who have allowed him to develop 2008, and they were featured in a half hour into the person he is today. Now he is paying documentary on CTV the following winter that forward, trying to be the caring faculty on the Joggins site. All three presented their member to make a difference in the lives of the research at the northeast GSA in Portland, students he teaches. He sees a lot of himself in Maine in the spring of 2009. After that first some of our students, about half of whom are summer of research in Nova Scotia, he was the first in their family to attend college. He so excited about the geology that the next does his best to show the care and concern for summer he led a dozen students on a ten their wellbeing that he was once shown, and to day trip there. At the end of the trip, he and offer life-changing academic opportunities. four of the students remained for a month In and outside of the classroom, Mike is of fieldwork. All four of these students a terrific teacher. His method of teaching is to accompanied him, with costs covered by have constant interaction between him and the his grant, to the national GSA in Portland, students, to maintain a very flexible schedule Oregon last fall to present their research. Michael C. Rygel that can weave and bob in whatever direction These opportunities he is providing to our SUNY College at Potsdam the class takes, and to use assessable learning students are incomparable to anything we goals. I think he actually goes into each class have ever offered. He will be leading another thinking, “What do I want them to learn in ten day trip to Nova Scotia in the spring of this class?” Followed by, “How will I know 2011. Citation by Robert L. Badger they have learned it?” Students respond very Mikes teaching role extends beyond positively to his teaching style; in four years the walls of our university. In 2005, the I am very pleased that the Geological I have heard nothing but praise from them. A Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Society of America has chosen to honor few quotes from student evaluations: voted his Ph.D. dissertation the best in all Michael Rygel with the 2010 Biggs Earth “Very concerned with student of Canada, even though it had nothing to do Science Teaching Award. Mike came to our performance.” with oil. In the fall of 2007, this same group department at the State University of New “The best I’ve EVER had.” flew him to Calgary to give the keynote talk York at Potsdam a little over four years ago “Professor Rygel is a great instructor and at a luncheon for their annual meeting. In and immediately infused a sense of energy clearly has a passion for his field.” February of 2008, and again in January of and enthusiasm that was contagious to both “Always around to answer questions, give 2009, the Canadian Society of Petroleum students and faculty. He has had a significant extra help …. Very fast email responses.” Geologists sponsored him to spend a week impact on our program of study, has proved to “Dr. Rygel did an excellent job of on tour, giving talks at various universities. be an exceptional teacher, has led outstanding bringing the material to life. He invested a lot His first tour took him to five universities in field trips for his classes, involved students in of personal effort and initiative in making sure the Canadian Maritime Provinces; the second top quality research, and continued his own students were learning and involved.” tour was to five universities in Ontario. Just research at an extraordinary level. While using this very student-friendly as visiting speakers to my university when Mike was raised in a steel mill town teaching style, he has high expectations for I was an undergraduate geology student 40 outside of Pittsburgh by a single parent who their quality and quantity of work. The high years ago influenced my career, I am certain struggled to put food on the table. After high standards that Mike sets for the lower level that Mike’s speaking tours are influencing school, he joined the National Guard for lack courses that he teaches have a four-fold benefit dozens of young geologists today. He is a of anything better to do, and later used the GI for our students and program. First, it gives the dynamic speaker and a marvelous role model. bill to attend the University of Pittsburgh at students an outstanding background preparing As you can gather, Mike’s a pretty Johnstown. The first in his family to attend them for upper level work. Second, it teaches special guy. Our dean has likened our hiring college, he did so as a means of escaping them workload expectations for our major, so him to the drafting of Willie Mays. And to the steel mills and a life of working there, they are fully prepared to exert the necessary think, we almost didn’t hire him. One of his but he was clueless about what to study. effort to succeed in upper level coursework. letters of recommendation referred to him as During freshmen orientation the students Third, it acts to weed out students, at a very a “perfect gentleman.” But he’s overcome were invited to attend open houses at the early stage, who are not willing to commit the that flaw and developed into an incredibly various departments, so Mike tagged along time and energy to a rigorous major course fine colleague and teacher, well worthy of at the tail end of a group of 50 or so potential of study. And fourth, because hard working the Karen Biggs Excellence in Earth Science biology majors. But a geology professor, students usually rise to his challenge, it acts Teaching Award. with just one interested student, persuaded THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

Response by Michael C. Rygel wholly from his NSERC Grant, Martin Although the education and arts allowed me to teach labs and to take a leave programs have the largest enrollment at I am honored to receive the 2010 Carolyn of absence in the spring of 2002 to do a SUNY Potsdam, the natural sciences have Biggs Earth Science Teaching Award. I would sabbatical replacement at the University of large enrollments and play an important like to thank Robert Badger for being a great Pittsburgh at Johnstown. Thankfully, Martin part in the overall framework of a liberal mentor, nominating me, tenaciously writing believes in developing the individual and arts education - especially given the number letters on my behalf, and his unwavering was willing to take a risk by allowing me to of future teachers at our school. Our support of my academic experiments — explore my career choices. Chris Fielding and administration, particularly former Dean of regardless of the amount of paperwork that Tracy Frank sponsored my post-doc at the Arts and Sciences Galen Pletcher, recognizes they create. I would also like to thank Galen University of Nebraska-Lincoln. They helped the special challenges that the natural sciences Pletcher, Jack Beuthin, Glenn Simonelli, me mature as a scientist and researcher which face (equipment, lab space, the large number Martin Gibling, and the students who wrote made me a better teacher, undergraduate of contact hours associated with labs, etc.) letters of support. research mentor, and allowed me to “hit the and has stood by us throughout the present I chose a career in academia primarily ground running” in a tenure-track position. financial crisis. because of the quality education that Jack Although teaching is my main I would like to thank all of my present Beuthin, Uldis Kaktins, and Bill Brice responsibility as a professor at a primarily and former students for their time, hard work, gave me at the University of Pittsburgh undergraduate institution, I have had very and patience. Making improvements to my at Johnstown. Their influence as teachers, little formal training as an educator. To teaching requires experimentation; thanks mentors, and role models inspired me and help remedy this situation, Glenn Simonelli for putting up with long days in the field, remains the standard by which I judge my allowed me to audit his “Elementary Science countless hours in the vans, failed technology, own performance. In particular, I owe special Education Methods” class in 2007. Glenn’s new labs that flop, and the repercussions of thanks to Jack Beuthin for introducing me class forced me to rethink every aspect of my newfound role as a father. to undergraduate research, particularly the what I do in the classroom and profoundly Perhaps most importantly, I would reading, writing, and planning that underpins influenced my teaching style. I would also like to thank my wife, Adrienne, for her a successful project. He challenged me to like to thank the organizers of the NAGT support during the decade-long pursuit of my live up to my full potential and supported me On the Cutting Edge project and countless dream job. every step of the way; for that I am eternally colleagues (especially Neal O’Brien and grateful. Bill Kirchgasser) for sharing their teaching I owe special thanks to Martin Gibling, experiences, philosophies, and materials my Ph.D. advisor at Dalhousie University. with me. Although my tuition and stipend were funded

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

MARY C. RABBITT Gohau. Hallmarks of his writing are clear deepen our appreciation for the maturation explications of major issues and fresh insights of geology. Topics such as Actualism versus HISTORY OF into significant historical contexts. Early in Catastrophism, Lamarckian evolution, the GEOLOGY AWARD his career he illuminated the development of duration and calibration of geologic time, ideas concerned with the origin of mountains. Theories of the Earth, evolving understanding Presented to That topic will be revisited in an upcoming about metamorphism, and paleontology Gabriel Gohau book on the prehistory of tectonics. From the as a key to unlocking Earth history were late 1970s to the present, Prof. Gohau also all treated in eloquent depth by Gohau. He has generated valuable biographic analyses of also helped decode the philosophy behind major figures in the history of the geosciences. geological concepts, as he commented on Subjects of his informative portraits include the epistemology of Karl Popper and the Buffon, Constant Prévost, Jean-André De philosophical grounding of Lamarck’s work. Luc, Élie de Beaumont, Lamarck, Dolomieu, When I was working on a paper about the Lavoisier, Cuvier, and, in Britain, Rev. merit of studying the history of science, it Thomas Burnet, and James Hutton. They was helpful to have his 2005 discussion of provide helpful factual frameworks, but that exact topic, as published in the Dossiers also integrate biographic details with larger de l’Union Rationaliste. Which introduces the intellectual and cultural issues. The reader point that the significant role of rationalism often thinks, “Aha! That is an interesting is built into Gohau’s vision of historical insight!” and current events. And that he appreciates For those not familiar with Prof. Gohau’s the power of history to inform and excite impressive background, a bit of biography is students. Gabriel Gohau in order. He was born in Nantes, in the Loire Although retired from classroom Lycée Janson de Sailly, Paris (emeritus) Atlantique region of western France. After teaching, Prof. Gohau remains active as a schooling in Nantes, he moved to Paris and scholar and leader of the French history of graduated from the École normale Supérieure geology community. He retains his love of de Saint-Cloud in 1959, achieving a prized hiking in the mountains and vacationing Agrégation de sciences naturelles Citation by Kennard B. Bork . A French- along the Atlantic coast of France. Those professor colleague of mine used to delight attuned to French history will be amused to We live in an increasingly “Global in listening to speeches or reading texts by realize that Prof. Gohau’s home in the Paris World,” but barriers of language and culture agrégés, because of their clarity, Cartesian suburbs is on Avenue Bernard-Palissy, named do still exist. It is therefore possible that rigor of logic, and linguistic poetry. From in honor of the great Renaissance potter and many members of the Geological Society 1959 through 1995, Gabriel taught at the proto-geoscientist. of America (GSA) will not be familiar with Lycée Janson de Sailly in Paris. For those Our Awardee cannot be with us French historians of geology. My pleasant task not familiar with the French educational physically today, but he is pleased to be with today is to introduce Dr. Gabriel GOHAU, a system, it is worth noting that the school is us in spirit. It is truly a privilege to recognize French colleague and renowned scholar, as one of the most prestigious in France. Its aim Professor Gabriel Gohau as the recipient of the 2010 recipient of the Geological Society is to educate the very best students in areas our Division’s “Mary C. Rabbitt Award” for of America’s “Mary C. Rabbitt Award.” This ranging from science to politics. In 1983, 2010. honor, bestowed by GSA’s History of Geology Prof. Gohau completed his doctoral Thèse Division, is an excellent example of our d’État on “Ancient ideas on the formation recognition of valued work in an international of mountains.” The Société géologique de Response by Gabriel Gohau context. France recognized his many contributions I wish first to express my gratitude Professor Gohau’s insightful writings, to understanding the history of geology by to the Geological Society of America and and his leadership of COFRHIGEO (Comité awarding him the “Prix Wegmann” for 1994. its History of Geology Division for this français d’histoire de la géologie), are Three years later, Gabriel Gohau took over unexpected award. Let me also express my celebrated in France and among Francophone as President of the Comité français d’histoire very great regret that I am unable to receive readers around the world. Americans may be de la géologie, succeeding COFRHIGEO’s it in person, for reasons of health. François familiar with Gabriel’s superb book, Histoire founder and leading light, François Ellenberger, my French colleague upon whom de la géologie (1987), translated into English Ellenberger, our Division’s History of Geology you bestowed this distinction sixteen years (1990) by Albert and Marguerite Carozzi. Award winner in 1994. Fittingly, Gohau edited ago, was similarly obliged to remain at home Also in 1990, Gohau published Les sciences the 1997 book De la géologie à son histoire instead of crossing the Ocean. And my friend de la Terre aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. His that paid hommage to Ellenberger’s many David Oldroyd also had to be absent when important book on Naissance de la géologie contributions to the history of geoscience. the award was presented to him a decade ago, historique appeared in 2003. It is not possible in these brief remarks although in his case for the reason that he I can tell you that American and British to pay full tribute to the impact of Prof. was at the time making a journey in a distant members of COFRIGEO, such as Ken Taylor, Gohau’s extensive scholarship in our desert on the back of a dromedary. I am much Martin Rudwick, Hugh Torrens, and yours discipline, but both Ken Taylor and I have less of an outdoor adventurer than David. truly, have profited immensely from a long strong recollections about how Gabriel’s The list of the award’s previous line of important articles produced by Dr. clear prose and keen analyses helped us recipients is impressive, and in reading it

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

I sense the magnitude of the honor you are raise American consciousness of Continental science. I wrote a book on this topic in 2003, doing me. I will refrain from arguing that European characters in geology’s history, and organized a conference on it with my the award is undeserved, even though that is and French ones in particular. But if so this friend Stéphane Tirard. what I think; this could not help seeming to be may be seen as repayment of a debt, for so Of course, the birth of geohistory is now false modesty, and lacking in respect for your many of these francophone figures have been a sphere we cannot consider without engaging judgment. studied by researchers from the English- Martin Rudwick and his two large volumes I was educated as a naturalist; in speaking world. Martin Rudwick on Cuvier, on the reconstruction of geohistory. He and I France the study of biology and geology are for example, or Ken Taylor on Desmarest, or agree on the centrality of the contingency of strongly linked. As a lycée professor in Paris, Albert Carozzi who has written so extensively history. Our religious convictions differ, of I acquired a taste for the history of science on Saussure, as well as on other Swiss course, as I am an atheist. But I am prepared during the 1970s through the works of two figures, such as Elie Bertrand, who has been to agree that the Genesis story served as an distinguished French philosophers of science, analyzed also by Ken Bork. And as is well outline sketch or template for some early Gaston Bachelard and Georges Canguilhem. known, Carozzi has translated de Maillet and histories of the world. Provided, that is, that In 1972 I met Canguilhem, who suggested Lamarck, among others, into English. cultural conditions permitted liberties to be that I undertake to write a thèse d’Etat under I may say I owe my choice of tectonics taken in interpreting the Bible, something the supervision of one of his most noted as a subject of research to the realization that Burnet did, as only an Englishman could do at students, François Dagognet. Thus I owe Buffon could think of a syncline as a hole in the time. This was pointed out by the historian my philosophical education to this French the ground. Also, I wanted to fathom his idea of biology and geology Jacques Roger, who school of historical epistemology, a school of irreversible epochs, and I discovered that was for me a scholarly model and guide. characterized by study of epistemological the cyclic conception of history in nature, I see in the statement of thanks by Davis obstacles that produce intellectual which I had thought arose with Hutton, had Young, on receiving the award in 2009, that discontinuities separated by periods of stasis a prior history. So I studied tectonic ideas he came to the history of geology through or equilibrium, to borrow from Gould’s way from ancient Greek times forward. Thus I critical responses to young-Earth creationism. of speaking. Robert Dott and Ken Bork both encountered classic authors who wondered if In my research I have encountered figures mentioned, on receiving this prize, that there mountains date from the Deluge or even the who held to the creationists’ short time scale; exist two categories of historians of science: Creation, a subject on which I learned much such is the case for instance of the abbé scientists themselves, and professional from the famous Earth in Decay by Gordon Maupied, who sought to adapt to this view historians. In France, philosophers also play Herries Davies, recipient of this award in the work of the geologist Constant Prévost an important role. 1996. Lately I returned to this subject in a (well known to Ken Bork) and of his friend My 1983 thesis was entitled “Past brief history of tectonics that was published the biologist Blainville. But others like the ideas on the formation of mountains—the this past summer. Biblicist Jean-André Deluc whom I examined prehistory of tectonics.” In 1976, meanwhile, In contradistinction to mountain with Ellenberger, and Cuvier who derived François Ellenberger had founded the French formation, another subject that has occupied much from Deluc, represent the prevalent Committee for the History of Geology, me a great deal is geohistory. Receiving attitude among serious scientists in having our national subgroup within INHIGEO. this award in 2008, Gregory Good noted an accommodated their religious convictions to He appointed our friend Jean Gaudant as advantage held by historians of geology over their scientific investigations. secretary, a post he continues to fill with those concerned with physics: geology is an One more word on my acquaintance with great devotion. I joined COFRHIGEO, as historical science, and geologists are readily American and British colleagues. At an early our Committee is known, and in the years drawn to think about time. The historical stage of my career I inquired into the geology that followed this gave me the opportunity to sciences have always been a preoccupation of and chemistry of Lamarck; and I formed meet American and British friends who have mine. I learned from reading the philosopher a valued acquaintance with the American- preceded me in winning this award. Ken Bork Antoine Cournot that all history is contingent. trained specialist in evolution, Jon Hodge, came to Paris in 1980 for the International And I concluded that geohistory must be who has made his career in England. More Geological Congress. Another participant in constructed from the Earth’s archives, which is recently I studied Darwin’s geology. For the the 1980 Congress was Ken Taylor. Right in fact a double sort of archiving: stratigraphic latter it was a pleasure to work through the away we got on well together, finding that we archives marking different points in time, and fine book by Sandra Herbert, herself a recent had ideas in common about geology during facies archives indicating spatial distinctions. recipient of this award, with whom I first the second half of the 18th century. I also On these grounds I judged that the birth of a became acquainted years ago, at a meeting encountered Hugh Torrens, when François real geohistory must be situated around 1780. held for the centennial of Darwin’s death. Ellenberger organized a repeat performance I share both the subject and the judgment I am writing this response at Saint- of his memorable historical field trip from with others, including Ken Taylor (from Brévin, a Breton town where the Loire flows the 1980 Congress. Similarly, I came to his thesis on Desmarest and his attention to into the Atlantic, near Nantes. I look out on know Martin Rudwick, who came to France geology in 1776), and David Oldroyd, with the vast Ocean that separates us. It is now frequently, and of course Albert Carozzi who whom I was long acquainted through reading some 200 million years since the New World often travelled to Geneva. Together with his his work and by correspondence before began to distance itself from Europe and wife Marguerite, in the late 1980s, Albert meeting him personally. David’s separation Africa. When this message reaches you the translated my History of Geology, and this of “genetic” from genuinely “historical” distance will have increased by perhaps a brought my name to the attention of American systems of temporal thinking remains central half-millimeter. Thank you for staying close readers. Perhaps this book helped in turn to to my conception of geohistory and historical in spirit.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

O.E. MEINZER AWARD University of California-Los Angeles. She was the incorporation of degradation reactions and trained as an organic geochemist and in her redox processes into a multispecies reactive Presented to early work she focused on the diagenesis of solute transport model (Essaid, Bekins, Mary Jo Baedecker marine sediments. Godsy, Warren, Baedecker, and Cozzarelli, In 1974, Mary Jo joined the U.S. 1995, Water Resources Research v. 31 (12), p. Geological Survey (USGS) as a research 3309-3327). chemist. Early in her career at the USGS Mary Mary Jo’s sustained research at the Jo worked with William Back and focused Bemidji site represents one of the earliest on examining degradation reactions in the comprehensive bodies of work on the highly reducing environment created when an biogeochemical evolution of a contaminated aquifer is contaminated with landfill leachate. aquifer, and led to international recognition In this groundbreaking work Mary Jo used a of the importance of natural attenuation process-oriented approach that offered, for processes in understanding the environmental the first time, a detailed and comprehensive fate of contaminants. Her early contributions conceptual model of plume evolution and in this field were instrumental in the growth its impact on aquifer chemistry (Baedecker of a major water program at the USGS, the and Back, 1979, Ground Water v.17(5), p. Toxics Substances Hydrology Program. 429-437). This landmark paper was selected Later in her career at USGS Mary Jo as a 20th century benchmark paper in the took on a number of leadership positions, Mary Jo Baedecker field of groundwater by the International culminating in her appointment as the Chief U.S. Geological Survey–Reston Association of Hydrological Sciences. In a Scientist for Hydrology. In that position, related paper, Baedecker and Back, 1979, she was responsible for the direction and Journal of Hydrology v. 43, p.393-414, management of research programs in the Mary Jo creatively linked the fundamental hydrologic sciences and served as advisor to Citation by Isabelle M. Cozzarelli redox geochemistry of marine sediments to the Associate Director for Water. She retired occurrences of redox zonation in contaminated from the USGS in 2004, where she continues I am honored to introduce Mary Jo aquifers. Prior to this research, investigations to explore the frontiers of contaminant Beadecker as the recipient of the 2010 O.E. of contaminated aquifers beneath landfills hydrogeology as a scientist emeritus. Mary Jo Meinzer Award of the Hydrogeology Division had been largely qualitative without detailed has a long history of service to GSA, which of the Geological Society of America. This attention to hydrogeochemical processes. included serving on the Management Board award is presented to Mary Jo in recognition These seminal papers laid the foundation and as Chair of the Hydrogeology Division. of her pioneering research in the field of for rigorous thinking about contaminant The Division awarded her the Distinguished contaminant hydrogeology. From her early hydrogeology and geochemistry. Service in Hydrogeology Award in 2002 work on the diagenesis of natural organic Her work on landfills set Mary Jo on a in recognition of her dedicated service to compounds in marine sediments, to her later new research path, developing conceptual GSA, the Hydrogeology Division, and the work on degradation of contaminants in frameworks for understanding complex hydrogeologic community. She has remained aquifers, Mary Jo has focused on elucidating contaminated systems. Perhaps her greatest an active member of the hydrogeologic the fundamental electron-transfer processes impact has resulted from her rigorous studies community, serving, for example, on the at work as organic compounds degrade in documenting biogeochemical processes at a Water Science and Technology Board of subsurface environments. She is an expert crude-oil spill site near Bemidji, Minnesota. the National Research Council (NRC) of at understanding complex hydrogeologic In Baedecker, Cozzarelli, Eganhouse, the National Academies from 2007 to 2009. systems where organic matter is driving Siegel, and Bennett, 1993, Applied Mary Jo’s elegant fundamental scientific redox reactions. Mary Jo’s body of published Geochemistry v. 8(6), p. 569-586, Mary Jo investigations not only moved the field of work represents a major contribution used an innovative approach linking organic contaminant hydrogeology forward but also towards understanding and quantifying the and inorganic geochemistry, microbial influenced and inspired younger generations transformation of organic compounds and the processes, and mathematical modeling. This of scientists to tackle the difficult problem of concomitant inorganic geochemical evolution paper was part of a series of Bemidji papers understanding the transformation of organic of groundwater. she published in Applied Geochemistry in contaminants in subsurface environments. It Mary Jo Baedecker was born in 1941 in 1993 (see also Bennett, Siegel, Baedecker, is an honor for me to be given the opportunity Richmond, Kentucky, USA. She completed and Hult, 1993, Applied Geochemistry v. to highlight these accomplishments. Mary undergraduate work at Vanderbilt University 8(6), p. 529-549, and Eganhouse Baedecker, Jo has been an inspiration to me, throughout (1964) and received the master’s degree in Cozzarelli, Aiken, Thorn, and Dorsey, 1993, my career, and I feel lucky to be able to call chemistry from the University of Kentucky Applied Geochemistry v. 8(6), p. 551-567). her mentor, colleague, and friend. Please join (1967) and the Ph.D. in geochemistry from Mary Jo was a co-author on numerous me in congratulating Mary Jo Baedecker, The George Washington University (1985). papers detailing later follow-up work at the recipient of this year’s O.E. Meinzer award, From 1968 until 1973 she was a research Bemidji site including those that focused based on her outstanding contributions to the scientist in Ian Kaplan’s research group at the on the fate of metabolites of petroleum science of hydrogeology. biodegradation (Cozzarelli, Baedecker, Eganhouse, and Goerlitz, 1994, Geochimica et * Citation publications noted in bold. Cosmochimica Acta v. 58 (2), p. 863-877) and

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

Response by Mary Jo Baedecker Coming to the USGS in 1974, I had the my interest at the site when she asked me to It is an honor to receive the O. E. good fortune of being assigned to work analyze some oil samples. Meinzer Award from the Hydrogeology with Bill Back, a hydrogeologist, known to Bill Back and Blair Jones were two of Division and I thank the nominating all in this field. He told me to “apply what my USGS mentors who had the ability to look committee, those who supported my you know to groundwater” and that is how at the larger picture. I am indebted to them nomination and my friend and colleague, we started working at landfills. We took an for encouraging my research. Another person Isabelle Cozzarelli for the kind words in the interdisciplinary approach combining organic who shaped my career was Roger Wolff, who citation. Being selected for this award came and inorganic geochemistry and hydrogeology thought I had the right skills, and convinced as a surprise and it is a nice honor to receive to understand processes in and downgradient me to give back to the USGS by going into it toward the end of my career with the U.S. from a landfill. In 1982, the USGS Toxic research administration, which I did for 10 Geological Survey (USGS). I understand that Substances Hydrology Program started years. Unfortunately, Bill Back and Roger the papers for which I am being cited have and few scientists wanted to work in such Wolff died a few years ago and are no longer been used in teaching at universities and I complicated environments. Because I was with us. find that very gratifying as I have a great working at landfills, it was a natural for me to I want to recognize and thank the USGS interest in helping young people learn about get involved with this program and I worked for providing such a wonderful atmosphere to geochemistry and hydrogeology. at three of the sites, making the Bemidji, pursue research, by funding the infrastructure Over the years, there were many Minnesota, oil-contaminated site my primary to conduct field investigations, and for people who had significant impacts on research site. Don Siegel, Marc Hult, Olaf encouraging an environment of collaborative my career. First, I would like to recognize Pfannkuch and I started the research at the site research. None of my work could have been my colleague and first mentor in the earth and we had a long collaboration in the early completed without the support of other sciences, Ian Kaplan, who at UCLA, hired years. Isabelle Cozzarelli and Bob Eganhouse scientists at the USGS and from Universities. me to work on the early diagenesis of marine came to the USGS shortly thereafter, and we Finally, I want to thank my parents, who sediments and ignited my interest in organic have had many years of collaboration at this encouraged me to “think big” and stressed geochemistry. This was an exciting time to and other groundwater contamination sites. education, and my husband, Philip, and be a part of the Kaplan group in the early After a 10-year hiatus on my part, we are daughter, Cheryl, who were always supportive 1970s, as many of the students and post-docs working together again at the Bemidji site, of my career. I am very pleased to accept the have become world-renowned scientists. along with Barbara Bekins, who renewed 2010 O. E. Meinzer Award.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

INTERNATIONAL in New Zealand, to NE China (to work on I am very pleased that the GSA International Archean tectonics), later to Kazakhstan, Section has recognized his fundamental SECTION Southern Urals (Russia) and East-Central contributions by awarding him the DISTINGUISHED China (to work on HP and UHP terranes). Distinguished Career Award. Congratulations, That is a remarkable list of international Gary! CAREER AWARD collaboration. One of Gary’s many important contributions to the international earth science Presented to community is a rather large cadre of graduate Response by W. Gary Ernst W. Gary Ernst students, whom he trained and worked closely Yildirim, John, fellow geologists, with at UCLA and Stanford, and who are now I am pleased beyond expression, but among the most distinguished and established equally humbled and embarrassed by this members of our society. recognition—especially when I consider the He has held various Visiting Professor large number of Earth scientists conducting positions in national and international international geologic research. The ranks of universities. He has touched upon the lives potential award recipients must be enormous. and careers of numerous international Nevertheless, many thanks! Professional researchers and students through his personal societies celebrate scientific accomplishments interactions with them during these visits, with awards, and far more contribute while serving as a great ambassador of the substantially to advancement of the discipline North American geoscience community. than can ever be properly recognized. Thus, Gary’s service to the professional to receive such an honor, one must be organizations and learned societies in the industrious, intelligent, and lucky—I’d choose broad fields of earth sciences surpasses that of the latter. many distinguished scientists. He served as the Trained as an experimental mineralogist, W. Gary Ernst Vice President (1979-80) and President (1980- field geologist, and sometime-geochemist, I Stanford University (emeritus) 81) of the Mineralogical Society of America; have been fortunate to work in contrasting Chairman (1973-76) of the Volcanology, geologic regions in the central and western Geochemistry and Petrology Section of the United States: the early Precambrian American Geophysical Union; President of of northern Minnesota; the Cretaceous Citation by Yildirim Dilek the Geological Society of America (1985-86); miogeocline + Tertiary alkaline volcanics and, Chairman of the Board on Earth Sciences of north-central Montana; and the Coast It is my great pleasure to present in the National Research Council (1984-87). Ranges, Klamath Mountains, and White-Inyo Professor W. Gary Ernst, the recipient of the Throughout his long and distinguished service Range of the California Mesozoic convergent 2010 Distinguished Career Award of the GSA to all these societies and organizations, Gary margin. Although these areas are exceedingly International Section. Gary has led and shaped has been a leader promoting the advancement diverse and their study most edifying, my our thinking and ideas about convergent and implementation of many initiatives, ideas, interest in Alpine-Circumpacific contractional margin tectonics and metamorphism through and projects that shaped the course of our plate margins has allowed me to investigate his multi-faceted international contributions profession. subduction complexes and to a lesser extent, for over 50 years. He is a truly distinguished The significant, high-impact scientific coeval landward volcanic-plutonic arcs in international geoscientist. work and contributions of Gary Ernst have Chile, Alaska, SW Japan, east-central China, Gary Ernst retired from active teaching been widely recognized by the international Taiwan, South Island New Zealand, the at Stanford University in 2004, after 44 scientific community through some of the Western Alps, northern Kazakhstan, and the years of distinguished academic career most prestigious awards he has received southern Urals. Entry into some of these and service, but has remained very active during his career. These awards include the areas resulted from doctoral and postdoctoral publishing more than ever, and promoting Geological Society of Japan Medal (1998), the colleagues I was supposedly supervising, earth sciences nationally and internationally GSA Penrose Medal (2004), the Mineralogical but was learning from while we pursued through his editorial work. Gary has always Society of America Roebling Medal joint research. I have been favored with a been a true pioneer in metamorphic petrology, (2008), and the Marcus Milling Legendary remarkably gifted set of UCLA and Stanford particularly in documenting the high-pressure Geoscientist Award (2008) of the American graduate students (14 M. Sc., 33 Ph. D.), conditions of ancient subduction zone systems Geological Institute. These national and post-docs + research associates (>45). Equally in the Franciscan Complex in California, the international honours attest to Gary’s creative, important for my geologic development, Sanbagawa metamorphic terrane in Japan, and innovative and frontier work in structural I have had great friends and scientific the Alpine orogenic belt in Europe through petrology that he always so eloquently colleagues at the USGS as well as academic his original work, as well as in experimental documented in the context of regional institutions in Japan, Taiwan, Switzerland, petrology and mineralogy. After his initial tectonics and geodynamics of different Italy, China, Russia, and New Zealand. work in the California Coast Ranges, he metamorphic terranes around the world. Looking back on these international began working with Japanese colleagues in Gary Ernst has enriched our science cooperative studies, three were especially SW Japan, then went to the Alps to study through his own research and leadership, and formative for my career: The first involved metamorphism, mantle heterogeneity and continues to do so. I do not see any sign of work on the high-pressure/low-temperature plate tectonics, to Taiwan, to South Island him slowing down in his scientific activities. metamorphic belts of SW Japan during

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

1963-68, where I benefited immensely from continental-collision complexes in central tried to educate me regarding the finer things associations with Hisashi Kuno, Akiho and eastern Asia with Louie Liou, Shige in life. Miyashiro, Yotaro Seki, and Shohei Banno. Maruyama, Nick Sobolev, Nick Dobretsov, I heartily thank the GSA International The second occurred during 1970-76 when and Ruth Zhang. Most important of all, my Section for this Distinguished Career Award. I studied the petrotectonic evolution of the wife, Charlotte, has been unwavering in her I accept it on behalf of the many less-well- Western Alps in the company of Peter Bearth, love, and in providing active support during recognized Earth scientists far more deserving Eduard Wenk, Volkmar Trommsdorff, Giorgio mineralogic-geologic-tectonic escapades to than I. This sobering knowledge will inspire Dal Piaz, and Giovanni Piccardo. The third various far-off places; she has also persistently me to continuing efforts—I’m not done yet! concerned investigations of ultrahigh-pressure

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

Quaternary environmental change. Bill’s Lake in limnogeology through contributions in ISRAEL C. RUSSELL Sedimentology Lab at University of Manitoba research, teaching and service” sounded AWARD is one of the world’s most active and suspiciously like “good job over the past productive labs dedicated to limnogeology. 40 years; goodbye and be sure to send us a Presented to The lab has attracted limnogeologists world- postcard from the cottage”. Although I have William M. Last wide, and has been host to many scholars. been working with lakes and lake sediments This stream of colleagues has helped him for my entire career, I really feel like I am develop collaborative lake sediment research just starting in the field. While it is true that on a global basis. I am getting to an age at which my employer In addition to research, Bill has is regularly sending me reminders about made major contributions to the field of retirement planning, it is my intention to keep limnogeology with his editorial work. During doing limnogeology for a few more decades. his tenure as co-editor-in-chief of Journal There are there simply too many uncored of Paleolimnology, he has been universally lakes and countless fascinating geochemical acknowledged as greatly expanding the systems to slow down now; and with coverage and influence of this journal. He lacustrine carbonates and evaporites on Mars, initiated and co-edited several research we have a whole new planet to explore from a volumes of the book series Developments in geolimnological perspective. Paleoenvironmental Research, which have A few years ago in accepting the become essential references in the field. He Sedimentary Geology Division’s Sloss has served on editorial boards and as associate Award, Mike Arthur professed “the field of William M. Last editor on eight other journals. sedimentary geology is quite robust today”. University of Manitoba Bill is an excellent and dedicated teacher I would certainly echo this sentiment about and mentor. His enthusiasm in the lecture our interdisciplinary field of limnogeology; theater is second to none. Anyone who has explosive might be a better word to describe listened to a lecture or seminar by Bill will the past few decades of growth in this catch his unbridled enthusiasm for whatever field. I am quite sure most of us old-timers Citation by Fawn Ginn the topic is he is presenting. His commitment can remember the days, not too distant, in It is an honor and a great pleasure for me and passion for his work has inspired many which organizing a full session of papers to deliver the citation for the inaugural Israel students and colleagues to pursue new avenues on lakes at a GSA meeting would be almost Cook Russell award for major contributions to of scientific research. impossible. Today we have an abundance the field of limnogeology to Bill Last. Bill has been an active member of GSA of sessions like the ones organized here in Bill has made major contributions to for over 30 years and a Fellow since 1999. As Denver by Dan Deocampo, Mike Rosen, the field through three decades of research, the representative for GSA at University of David Finkelstein and Tom Johnson. In the teaching and editorial activities. He is Manitoba since 1982, he strongly encourages past few years, we have seen this surge of recognized internationally as a leading membership and participation in GSA interest in lacustrine systems translate into authority on limnogeology and lacustrine meetings. the creation of the Limnogeology Division evaporites and as a world leader on research Bill’s contributions to the field of of GSA and sister organizations like the related to saline lake basins. He has authored limnogeology have and continue to be International Paleolimnology Association, over 130 research papers dealing with lakes essential to its forward momentum. Bill is International Association of Limnogeology, and lake sediments and has authored or edited bringing distinction to this award by being and International Society for Salt Lake a total 21 monographs and books, many of the first recipient. His humility makes it even Research, to name just a few. During my years which are key references in paleolimnology more meaningful. of co-editing Journal of Paleolimnology, John and limnogeology. Smol and I were constantly amazed by the Like Isreal Russell, Bill is an avid field exponential growth of contributions dealing researcher who loves to experience nature Response by William M. Last with the physical and geochemical aspects of first hand. The salt lakes of North America I would like to thank Fawn for her kind lake records. I may be considered a Pollyanna, and Australia are his primary laboratories, words and generous comments about my but I really do not have any profound concerns and for many years these continental career, and the Limnogeology Division for about the state of our field nor of the level of evaporitic settings were not well studied. presenting me with the Israel Cook Russell funding of limnogeology projects in academia. Anyone who has been on a field trip with award. Being appreciated by ones colleagues I cannot remember a time in my life that Bill can’t help but feel his excitement for and professional peers is very gratifying. I I was not fascinated with lakes. Growing up his research as he wades in to the muddiest am delighted and humbled by this expression literally meters away from Lake Michigan and saltiest lakes without hesitation. He of appreciation. I am also deeply honored to meant my every waking hour as a youngster pioneered work in the fundamentals of saline have my name associated in any way with I. was spent on or in this large freshwater basin. lake geology, where he has shown that the C. Russell, one of the pre-eminent explorers in Although I entered university intent only mineral record in saline lakes can provide the early days of our profession and certainly on doing “science” (earth science was not a precise and accurate information on past lake a giant in the ranks of geolimnologists. teachable subject in my high school), I was conditions. This research paved the way to When Fawn first approached me quickly attracted to geology, admittedly due quantitative interpretation of lake histories, about the Russell award nomination, I must mainly to the fact that I could spend time with applications to Quaternary and pre- admit I was a bit hesitant. “Achievements outdoors while my friends were cooped up

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS in labs replicating experiments or dissecting Probably one of the best undergraduate Canadian Prairies, southern Australia, and frogs. In my formal education at Wisconsin courses I ever took was Jim Teller’s South America. and Manitoba, I was truly blessed to have geolimnology course (to my knowledge the I am delighted to receive this inaugural teachers, supervisors and colleagues who only formal course in North America at that I. C. Russell award. I regard my many were willing to share their knowledge and time dealing exclusively with the geology colleagues and students in Canada, United expertise, and were patient enough to provide of lakes). At this time, Jim was laying the States, Australia, and China as sharing this opportunities to work in the field. Manitoba foundations for his career work on Lake award because they have all greatly helped me during the early 1970’s was somewhat of a Agassiz and I eagerly took part in this project. along the way. hotbed of lake investigations, from which From Agassiz, to my thinking at least, it was the relatively large scientific community a short jump into Lake Manitoba and then providing me with more than ample exposure farther westward into the salty puddles of the to a great variety of limnogeology projects.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 Medals & Awards

Distinguished he managed to spend a year in Japan as an the largest ignimbrite on Earth, but being in NSF post-doctoral fellow, to study one of the the USA and largely put on the map by Pete, Geologic Career largest Quaternary caldera-forming eruptions, it probably ought to be. Award the Aso Tuff. Japan during 1964-65 must have Each large magmatic province has its been a great adventure for a couple of young advantages, but the one that stands out in the (MGPV Division) westerners (his wife Beverly was with him SRMVF is the intermediate degree of erosion for the whole time), and it left great memories and the great amount of topographic relief Presented to and influences, with Japanese art and life- (hard on the legs and lungs but scientifically Peter Lipman style hints still surrounding their lives many advantageous). It allowed Pete to see calderas decades later. structures like few places on Earth. The great Studying the gigantic ash-flow units in dissection by glacial valleys exposes ring Nevada and Japan led Pete to one of his first faults, densely welded intracaldera facies, major discoveries: that many of these deposits resurgent domes, and tops of the plutonic came out of the ground strongly zoned in roots of these caldera cycles. This led to the composition and mineralogy. Both the Aso discovery of “megabreccias” near walls of the system and the Nevada Test Site units show calderas, a major advance in understanding obvious signs of being erupted from complex the geometries and construction of these magma reservoirs in the shallow crust, and structures. It also allowed Pete and field understanding how and why these reservoirs geologists in other areas of the world to avoid behave this way has kept a lot of us igneous becoming totally bewildered by Nature’s petrologists and volcanologists busy for the tricks while mapping. Caldera landslide last 50 years. breccias can expose all kinds of lithologies, Pete’s volcano studies moved east cropping out with unexpected attitudes and in 1965 and landed in a wonderful land in places where they shouldn’t be. Without Peter Lipman of opportunity, Colorado(!), and more the mental framework that km-sized blocks U.S. Geological Survey specifically the San Juan region (now can slide, rotate and land kilometers away (Emeritus Scientist) recognized as the largest erosional remnant from where they started, a field geologist can of the composite Southern Rocky Mountain rapidly go totally crazy. Volcanic Field). With his usual efficiency, After about a decade of working in Pete started field work in the San Juan as southern Colorado, I can only assume that Citation by Olivier Bachmann soon as the jet lag was over, two weeks after Pete got slightly tired of being stormed upon moving back from Japan. By 1968, as French and chased by lightning every summer, and Peter Lipman is the first recipient of the hippies were swarming the street of Paris, decided to get involved in studying volcanoes GSA MGPV Career Achievement award. This Pete and his colleagues were swarming all under balmier skies. His first work on Kilauea is richly deserved and a great start for this over southern Colorado in a whirlwind of and Mauna Loa appeared in the late 1970’s, award. Pete’s pioneering and innovative work mapping that has not stopped, as he was in and Pete has been back there for many on large volcanic systems, should it be silicic the Colorado mountains until a few weeks decades, mapping the subaerial and submarine caldera-forming eruptions or giant shield ago to continue fieldwork. By a complex flanks of these fabulous volcanoes with volcanoes, set the tone for much of the work combination of intense mapping, advanced colleagues from all over the world, including that has been done over the past half century, petrology, geochronology, and geophysical Japanese ships and submersibles that would and this award is allowing us to pause and techniques, Pete and colleagues realized the take them to sea-floor depths to observe the reflect on how much we owe to Pete for all southern Colorado had been a Tertiary hot gigantic landslides that take away from time this hard work. plate, with almost 30 large caldera-forming to time the flanks of the Hawaiian volcanoes. Pete’s career started at a most exciting ignimbrites erupted in a few million years He also had the good taste of acquiring a time for a geologist. Pete was finishing during what is called now the western USA share in a wonderful house on the sunny side his Ph.D. at Stanford when Harry Hess’s magmatic flare-up. Their careful unraveling of Big Island, a delightful idea for some of published his landmark paper on sea-floor of the magmatic history of this region took us, who are just a short flight away from this spreading, setting up the stage for the many years, enormous energy, creative tropical paradise. plate tectonics theory to puzzle the earth thinking, and the most state-of-the-art I was fortunate to join Pete in the science community. And it was also just as techniques in geochemistry (including early mid-1990s for a series of epic summers several seminal papers by Bob Smith on ash isotopic determinations in the mid seventies), in the SRMVF to continue unraveling the flows appeared, which were break-through but I believe that Pete has laid out for us in histories of these supervolcanoes. Pete has explorations of processes at large caldera- incredible detail one of the best examples been a fabulous mentor to me (and to many forming explosive eruptions (now commonly of a continental-arc magmatic province. I others young volcanophiles), not only with referred to as “supervolcanoes”) on our can’t resist noting that it also contains the respect to his approach to science but also planet. As a fresh “Doc in rocks”, Pete started only magnitude-9 eruption documented on his approach to living. Volcanoes, although working at the Nevada Test Site, only to our planet (based on Mason et al. 2004). clearly a big part of his life, are balanced realize that this place was covered with giant We actually don’t know if this unit, the Fish with his great family and interests far from ash-flow deposits that meshed wonderfully Canyon Tuff, which Pete and my other mentor erupting mountains. Probably few of you with Smith’s interpretations. Then, in order to Mike Dungan allowed me to look at, is really know that Pete is a great art enthusiast (he obtain better perspectives on younger units,

The Geological Society of America 2010 Medals & Awards was the president of the San Jose Museum to a geology major, I found myself in a class While in Japan, I was invited to of Art for several years), wine aficionado (he of only six, including such quick studies as participate in quarter-million-scale remapping has one of the most amazing wine collections geochemist Dick Armstrong and mineralogist of the San Juan Mountains, a USGS effort that I know), a world connoisseur (he loves to Mike Holdaway, where there was no way to being organized by Tom Steven - the travel), and one of the few volcanologists who hide without doing the course work. beginning of another long-term collaboration walks faster than his shadow. Pete, I want to Yale had no summer field course of and friendship. A new style of mapping for thank you for allowing me to be here today, its own, and waived this requirement when me, averaging a 7.5’ quad per week—but a for everything you have done for our science, I obtained a field-assistant job with Ben terrific opportunity to explore huge areas, and congratulate you again heartily for this Leonard of the USGS, in a wonderfully commensurate with the enormous ignimbrites richly deserved award. geologically diverse mountainous area of and calderas. Even so, the scale of Fish central Idaho. Ben was a meticulous scientist Canyon Tuff (>5,000 km3) and La Garita References: and superb teacher; my field methods were caldera (75x35 km) were utter surprises! Mason BG, Pyle DM, Oppenheimer C largely shaped during that summer. Fortunate opportunities kept coming: the (2004) The size and frequency of the largest During my initial year as a grad student developing concepts about plate tectonics in explosive eruptions on Earth. Bulletin of at Stanford, I shared an office with Bob late 60s, just as Bob Christiansen, Hal Prostka, Volcanology 66:735-748 Christiansen and became the first grad student and I were recognizing regional volcano- supervised by Bill Dickinson, both life-long tectonic trends for the American Cordillera. Response by Peter Lipman friends. And Bill allowed me to start a PhD There was more San Juan work in the early field project after only two quarters of class 1970s, in conjunction with Wilderness Area Thank you, Olivier, for such kind words. work, on igneous and metamorphic rocks studies, that included helicopter support And I find it difficult to express my in the Trinity Alps, northern California. and opportunities for more detailed work delight, both by this award and by creation When Mike Holdaway, by then at Berkeley, on Platoro and Lake City calderas, and of the MGPV Division. As a field-based discovered that fellow grad student Greg informative Pb, Sr, and O isotopic tracer geologist involved in the spectrum of MGPV Davis was headed for the same area, the studies (with Bruce Doe, Carl Hedge, and activities, I’ve now been a GSA member of three of us collaborated on adjacent theses, Irving Friedman) on caldera-related magmatic for 50 years. But no Division previously had with improved results for all. But igneous evolution. Then work as staff geologist at the been much of a fit for studies of volcanoes and petrology in the late 1950s at Stanford Hawaii Volcano Observatory, just in time for their eruptive processes. So thank you Jim, involved techniques little different from those the M=7.2 Kalapana earthquake (largest in Cathy, and the others who have finally filled pioneered in late 19th century Germany; so 100 years) and new experiences with follow- this gap at GSA. much has changed since! up geodetic surveys, followed by mapping As a kid who grew up in a rural part of When offered a job by the USGS in and by radiocarbon dating the prehistorical southern New England, visible rocks were late 1961 to work on volcanic rocks at the activity of Mauna Loa, eruptions of Kilauea uninteresting, mainly on walls separating Nevada Test Site, I went for it because the in 1977 and Mauna Loa in 1984, and new abandoned farm fields—think of Robert rocks were well exposed, and at least igneous, collaborators - especially Jack Lockwood, Frost’s poem “Mending Wall,” and I was a even though I knew little about volcanic Bob Tilling, and Gordon Eaton. Then eruptive slow starter. terranes. Here again, luck and timing: the and geodetic study of the amazing 1980 My geologic adventures have repeatedly rocks turned out to be world-class ignimbrites Mount St. Helens eruption, jointly with been blessed by the luck to be in a good and calderas, ripe for study with new concepts Jim Moore and Don Swanson, and a large place at the right time, and especially to (especially just-published papers by Robert L. summary publication edited jointly with have connected with wonderful people. Smith) and innovative analytical techniques Donal Mullineaux. More mainland caldera Additionally, the explosion of concepts and including major- and trace-element chemistry studies aimed at exploring the connection techniques for study of volcanic activity has in quantity, K-Ar age determinations, and with granitic remnants of subvolcanic magma been just extraordinary during the past 50 paleomagnetic pole directions for testing chambers at Questa, New Mexico, and years. Here are examples: stratigraphic correlations. Mesozoic systems in Arizona. Work with the A college friend told me about a camp- Deciding that volcanic rocks were USGS Marine Geology group, especially Bill counselor job on the slopes of Pikes Peak in fascinating but concerned by my inexperience Normark, to explore the landslide submarine Colorado, I applied, and at age 19 ventured with young volcanism, I (in hindsight, utterly flank of Mauna Loa; framework geology for west of the Hudson River for the first time (a brashly) wrote Hisahi Kuno (then probably the Creede Scientific Drilling Project, led by 14-yr-old in my camp tent was geology-prof- the foremost volcanic petrologist globally, Phil Bethke in the late 1980s. Fieldwork with to-be, Bud Wobus). Seeing western mountains but whom I had never met) at the University Russians at Lake Baikal and young volcanic like the Tetons inspired a desire to explore of Tokyo, asking to do a postdoc with him. rocks in the Caucasus and Armenia, during them, and when I joined the college climbing He said “yes,” I obtained funding from a five separate summers bracketing amazing club, I found myself tied to a rope with new NSF program, and had an amazing year societal changes as the Soviet Union wound geology majors like Eric Cheney and Steve following the youngest Aso ignimbrite from down. Porter. caldera rim, down a paleovalley, 70 km to After a couple years away from research When I belatedly decided that rocks the ocean. This work would not have been as Branch Chief and manager of the USGS could be interesting, midway through my possible without guidance from Kuno’s Volcano Hazards and Geothermal Programs, junior year, the Yale geology department extraordinary assistant, Shigeo Aramaki and back to the San Juans in 1995, where jointly let me enter the second-half course without wonderful collaborations with two recent with Michael Dungan, Olivier, and others having taken Physical Geology (I’d read the Kuno students, Koji Ono and Kazu Nakamura. from the Université Genéve, we explored the textbook during the holidays). Upon switching Fish Canyon Tuff and its enormous caldera.

The Geological Society of America 2010 Medals & Awards

Then in 1997-2002, Japanese scientists so many summers in southwestern Colorado A final plea, though: the need for initiated an amazing collaborative effort and elsewhere--to name just a few that came intensive field-based geologic studies. to study underwater slopes of Hawaiian back for more than a single summer: Russ Mapping continues to be an essential volcanoes, using submersibles provided by Burmester, Dave Johnson, John Pallister, Dave research tool to identify questions and resolve the Japan Marine Science and Technology Sawyer, Olivier Bachman, and Andrea Sbisa. hypotheses. Successful lab work depends on Center (JAMSTEC). In recent years, mapping It’s been a wonderful trip, these past well-characterized samples and stratigraphy, and petrologic study of additional diverse 50 years or so, with so many innovations in but field relations remain poorly constrained ignimbrites and calderas farther northeast in concepts and techniques, so much beautiful in so many areas I’ve worked. So much the San Juans that bridge to older Tertiary country for fieldwork, and shared experiences remains to be learned, even in a place as volcanism in central Colorado, aided by with so many lively associates. In all of extensively studied as the Southern Rocky superbly precise Ar-Ar age control provided these, I am enormously indebted to USGS Mountains, and this past summer’s fieldwork by Bill McIntosh and associates at New management that has provided flexible continues to define fascinating questions to Mexico Tech. support for activities that often deviated from explore with lab work this winter. It’s been a In addition to collaborations with many perceived bureaucratic procedures. And most great time; stay in touch, or better still, come university faculty and several postdocs, I’ve of all, to Beverly and our two sons, who often join in the fun! had marvelous times with some terrific grad accompanied me in the field and on geology- And thank you again for this much- students, serving on about 10 dissertation related trips, at many times under less-than- appreciated award. committees. And I owe so much to many idyllic conditions. wonderful guys who assisted with fieldwork

The Geological Society of America 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

G.K. GILBERT AWARD full suite of basalt types. Using impact craters scale honored and humbled by this award. as probes of the highland crust in space and Thank you ALL! Presented to time, her early work revealed the presence In thinking about what to say now, since Carle M. Pieters of olivine in the central peaks of Copernicus. my comments are to be posted, I thought With Stefanie Tompkins she used the central I’d take a moment to outline a few thoughts peaks and interiors of craters ace to probe that might be worth reading by the younger global crustal diversity. generation … or what you might do to be One of the most difficult problems in an Award winner. This might be sub-titled remote sensing of planetary surfaces is the “Leadership in Science: Hindsight from fact that crustal rocks and minerals are altered remarkable scientific discoveries.” by weathering processes dissimilar to those What makes a good leader? Hard known on Earth. Carle Pieters’ research has work? Opportunity? Curiosity? Luck? helped to determine the processes responsible Education? Experience? Commitment? for altering materials in the space environment Personality? Wisdom? Certainly all such and to measure the effects of these processes things are valuable and present at some on samples. Early work (often in collaboration level in colleagues we acknowledge as with John Adams and Tom McCord) centered leaders, people we entrust to influence the on regolith formation processes. Later work course of the world around us. A position of focused on space weathering processes, leadership is not to be confused with actually Carle M. Pieters particularly on the nature of asteroidal surfaces being a leader. People are put in a position Brown University and evaluating observational and experimental of leadership by appointment, election, or data to identify asteroidal source bodies for seniority. Some who are in a position of diverse meteorite types. influence turn out to be good leaders, while Carle’s rigorous analysis of materials others are lousy, and a few (hopefully very Citation by James W. Head, III and problems on Earth, Mars and Venus few) do more harm than good. is exemplified by herScience paper on the In the course of being involved in Professor Carle Pieters is a pioneer in color of Venus’ surface. This provided basic magnificent discoveries of the last several the field of planetary remote sensing and has insight into the nature of Venus and involved a years in planetary science … I see three made innumerable contributions to planetary comprehensive analysis of Soviet Venera data, requirements that define a good leader. I spectroscopy, mineralogy, and geoscience. including the sharing of unpublished scientific believe these principles are true for science We are here today to recognize not only her information from Soviet colleagues. This leadership as well as leadership in many contributions to planetary geoscience but also effort highlights Carle’s talents and reputation national or international endeavors. For the to celebrate her leadership in the international in international scientific circles, including sciences, progress and good leadership are space community, her originality and Europe, Russia and Japan. closely intertwined. The three requirements enthusiasm, and her tenacious and generous Carle is currently Principal Investigator are simple to state, but not easy to embody spirit. on the Moon Mineralogy Mapper, a NASA all together. A good leader must be able to Carle Pieters’ accomplishments are Discovery instrument that flew on the Indian meet not one, not two, but all of the following exemplified by research and professional Chandrayaan-I Spacecraft; needless to say, three requirements: activities in several key areas. Her laboratory the detection of water on the Moon and the 1. Know what is important. These are spectroscopy experiments at Brown documentation of detailed crustal mineralogy basic principles, values, edge of knowledge. University have measured and modeled the has ushered in a new era of exploration and Many/Most scientists in this room meet interaction of visible to mid-infrared radiation discovery. this requirement. Nevertheless, this is a with geologic materials, including analyses Carle, we congratulate you, a truly continuous learning and seeking process. of U.S. and Soviet lunar samples, lunar deserving recipient of the G. K. Gilbert 2. Identify what needs to be done. meteorites, Mars analogs and meteorites, Award! Few can match your levels of Develop strategy. Answer what, why, and terrestrial materials. Her investigations scientific accomplishment, intellectual rigor, and how? And continually ask. Know the provide a basis for understanding the community service, openness and unselfish technology to determine what can be done. fundamental principles of mineral detection cooperation in research. Actively participate in planning committees. and identification, photometric effects, grain 3. Get it done. This is hands-on know- size and shape influences, band strengths, how. Performing jobs, while developing mineral mixtures, and modal abundances. She Response by Carle M. Pieters teamwork. It requires perseverance, has tirelessly encouraged and assisted others Thank you for such kind words. It makes adjustments and compromise, worry about in obtaining quantitative information that can me a bit nervous to hear my life compressed details and follow through, commitment over be used to analyze and interpret the data. and flying by like that. I hope I can live up to and over, and clear thinking to do no harm. One of her passions is the remote the expectations! Understand constraints of political and budget compositional analysis of the Moon. It is impossible to say how deeply moved context. Taking the next step with purpose. Beginning with characterizing the diversity I am by all the colleagues, family, friends, To be a good and knowledgeable of mare basalt types, she showed the non- students, who somehow managed to get me scientist is a necessary, but insufficient, representativeness of the Luna and Apollo here today as the Gilbert awardee. I am off- requirement for scientific leadership. A good sample return sites and the implications of the leader has a sense of direction and the ability

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS to carefully plan the next step. Perhaps the I can’t claim to be great at this, but I hardest, most demanding, task is moving know previous Gilbert awardee leaders met forward – and all the dedication, good all three requirements, and I look forward to fortune, and support from others that that also greeting the next Gilbert award winners! involves.

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

KIRK BRYAN AWARD staggering.” Rolfe goes far beyond previous Quaternary Science. Dr. Reid Ferring put work in the Central Plains by systematically it best: “In this very real way I believe that FOR RESEARCH investigating the stratigraphic record of (Rolfe) mirrors the standards established by EXCELLENCE valleys through the drainage hierarchy. The the namesake for this award.” We should result is a comprehensive picture of how the all be proud to recognize Rolfe, our friend Presented to region’s entire fluvial system behaved during and colleague, with this, the 2010 GSA Rolfe D. Mandel a period of major environmental change. He Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology uses alluvial and soil stratigraphic studies Division Kirk Bryan Award. supported by a robust radiocarbon chronology to thoroughly demonstrate that response of the fluvial system to climate and vegetation Response by Rolfe D. Mandel changes varied systematically through the Thank you, Alan and Art, for your kind drainage hierarchy. words, and for nominating my article for The second major accomplishment of the 2010 Kirk Bryan Award. I also thank my the paper is resolution of a long-standing friends and colleagues who supported the archaeological debate about the region’s nomination. I feel honored that the QG&G first inhabitants. He applies his extensive Kirk Bryan Award Committee selected me for stratigraphic data set to addressing reasons such recognition, and I am truly humbled to for the apparent paucity of Central Plains be in the company of the previous awardees, Paleoindian sites, while surrounding parts of many of whom are my heroes. This brings the Great Plains and eastern Rockies are rich me to a strange coincidence. The day before in these sites. Rolfe tackles this complex issue I received notification of this award I began a Rolfe D. Mandel with an attention to pedologic, stratigraphic lecture in my geoarchaeology class with the Kansas Geological Survey and paleoenvironmental data coupled with a following confession: “Kirk Bryan is one of University of Kansas detailed knowledge of regional archaeological my heroes.” Blank stares were on most faces. manifestations. He demonstrates that the lack One student cautiously asked if Kirk Bryan of Paleoindian sites is likely more apparent had been on the TV show “American Idol.” It than real, concluding that geological filters was obvious that virtually none of the students Citation by Alan H. Simmons and control site visibility and preservation, rather knew of whom I was talking about, much less E. Arthur Bettis than of an actual lack of human occupation. why I considered him worthy of admiration. The sheer number of study sites, their wide They did not know that Kirk Bryan played The 2010 Geological Society of America geographic distribution and a very robust a role in my career, and even influenced the Kirk Bryan Award is presented to Dr. Rolfe D. chronology provide unequivocal support for composition of the paper that is receiving Mandel, Executive Director of the Odyssey Rolfe’s conclusions. Not content to merely recognition this evening. Geoarchaeological Research Program and demonstrate why sites appear to be so rare, During the early 1970s, while I was Professor of Anthropology at the University he also provides realistic targets for future an undergraduate geography student at the of Kansas. The award is for his 2008 paper investigations to further his pioneering work University of Texas, my mentor and close Buried Paleoindian-age landscapes in stream on the peopling of the Central Plains. As Jim friend, Curt Sorenson, introduced me to Kirk valleys of the central plains, USA, published Knox, one of the numerous supporters of Bryan’s work. One of the assigned readings in Geomorphology. The paper is a masterful Rolfe’s nomination, put it, this is simply a in Curt’s soil class was a 1943 American merging of stratigraphic, geomorphological “great influential paper.” Journal of Science article by Bryan and and archaeological data across the Central This detailed and comprehensive single- Claude Albritton entitled “Soil phenomena as Plains that addresses long-standing questions authored paper epitomizes the type of regional evidence of climate changes.” Their study area in fluvial geomorphology and stratigraphy, interdisciplinary research that Kirk Bryan was in the Davis Mountains of West Texas, landscape development and cultural history. pioneered and promoted; extensive field a place close to my heart, and I found the Rolfe presents results from more than two study with attention to detail followed by idea of using soils as proxies for Quaternary decades of his interdisciplinary research in the careful analysis of relevant data that leads to climate change a fascinating concept. Bryan’s region, focusing on two tasks; 1) a field-based thoughtful conclusions. Like the namesake of work, as well as Peter Birkeland’s remarkable quantitative evaluation of fluvial response to this award, Rolfe’s influence and experience book, Soils and Geomorphology, got me environmental change across the Pleistocene/ are wide-ranging. He has made significant excited about soil stratigraphy and influenced Holocene boundary and 2) analysis of geomophological, geoarchaeological and my graduate research and subsequent focus on how geological processes have filtered the archaeological contributions in areas as soils as components of Quaternary landscape archaeological record of the region’s earliest diverse as the Central Plains, the Big Bend evolution. In 1996 I literally followed in Kirk inhabitants. region of southwest Texas, the Ohio River Bryan’s footsteps when I reinvestigated the In his usual fashion, Rolfe accomplishes Valley, Jordan, and the Mediterranean type locality of the Calamity Creek Formation these tasks through exhaustive field work that island of Cyprus. Many of the more than 30 in the Big Bend region of Texas. Unlike me, supports systematic hypotheses testing. As supporters of Rolfe’s nomination for this Bryan and Albritton did not have the luxury one support letter put it “The shear numbers award commented on their respect for his of radiocarbon dating and stable carbon of sites studied in detail and the area over professionalism, commitment to mentoring, isotope analysis, yet their chronology and which they are found are actually quite unselfish collaboration and contributions to reconstruction of late-Quaternary climate

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS change, inferred entirely from the morphology In the course of my career many and friendship. Also, thanks goes to Joe and and physical properties of buried soils, were friends and colleagues have been a source Ruth Cramer, who established an endowment remarkably accurate. This is a humbling of enthusiasm and support. I thank my “dirt that supports much of my research at the lesson for all of us. brothers,” Art Bettis and Ed Hajic, and fellow University of Kansas. Last, but certainly not Kirk Bryan spent most of his career geoarchaeolgists Paul Goldberg, Vance least, I am grateful to my wife, Sharon, and working with archaeologists, especially those Holliday, Reid Ferring, and Julie Stein. It has my son, Daniel, for enduring my frequent who focused on the Paleoindian record. I been a privilege to work with some world- departures to places often far from home. have done the same thing. Bryan died in class archaeologists, including Alan Simmons, Their tolerance and encouragement, and the Cody, Wyoming, while visiting the Horner Mark Lynott, Jack Hofman, Alston Thoms, support of my friends and colleagues, have archaeological site. It is good to know he Neal Lopinot, Joe Saunders, and Bob Mallouf, been my inspiration. Once again thanks to all passed away doing what he enjoyed in life: to name a few. I am especially grateful to of you for the recognition that now links my looking at soils and archaeological landscapes. Millard Brent, who in 1971 took me under his name to my hero, Kirk Bryan. I can only hope that when I take my last wing and pointed me in the right direction, breath I am looking at a buried alluvial soil and to my mentors, Curt Sorenson and somewhere in the Central Great Plains. Wakefield Dort, for their guidance, patience

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LAURENCE L. SLOSS evolving into non-volcanic seamounts that the minutes of an ODP meeting I had just were finally covered by pelagic sediments attended one morning in Sy Schlanger’s AWARD deposited in steadily increasing water depth. Office and seeing Larry walk past the open Presented to With this work, he laid the ground for the door several times—and recall having a brief Hugh C. Jenkyns understanding of the paleotectonic evolution chat a little later in the day. Sy later told of the area. Following this study, he extended me that Larry had hesitated to interrupt me his work to other parts of Italy and elsewhere because I seemed to be working so hard. My in the Alpine-mediterranean region where mistake! If memory serves, I remember an records of the Tethys Ocean and its margins infectious grin and an acute sense of humour. are exposed. More importantly, I had as an undergraduate Stimulated by the discovery of in the 1960s, and indeed still have to this Cretaceous organic-rich shales drilled by day, that influential tome, jointly authored DSDP in the Pacific Ocean, Jenkyns returned with W.C. Krumbein, Stratigraphy and to the Tethyan region, using it as a natural Sedimentation. paleoceanographic laboratory for the study of Since this award comes from the Unites anoxic sedimentary environments. Working States, and yet most of my work has been closely with organic and isotopic geochemists, in Europe, I would like to touch upon the he has documented a detailed near-global impact that American science has had upon record of relatively brief intervals resulting my scientific career. With my graduate work from acute anoxia in an expanded oxygen- in Sicily behind me, I had begun working minimum zone, typically accompanied in Spain on Jurassic pelagic sediments until Hugh C. Jenkyns University of Oxford by abnormally high near-surface ocean I was deflected by an all-important long- temperatures. From this work, we now have distance telephone call from California that a growing understanding of the relations I received while holding my first teaching of black shales to ocean paleocirculation, job at Cambridge University in 1973. As I paleogeography and fertility patterns. He unreliably remember it now, an American Citation by Edward L. Winterer has established the global synchroneity of voice—it was Sy Schlanger’s - asked me Hugh Jenkyns’ long-term record of black-shale development in several short whether I would be interested in participating achievement places him in the highest ranks (< 1Ma) time intervals in the Mesozoic, in in a cruise from Hawaii to Tahiti. Looking of earth scientists at the international level both pelagic and shelf-sea environments, out of the window at horizontal rain, my and firmly in the tradition of Lawrence Sloss using both carbon- and strontium-isotope answer was not slow in coming. And so it in pursuing problems of wide, even global ratios as chemostratigraphic indices. These was, some months later, that I found myself geographic and stratigraphic interest. Hugh phenomena have become known as Oceanic working as a sedimentologist on Leg 33 of is an exceptionally creative and versatile Anoxic Events and a considerable literature on the Deep Sea Drilling Project in the middle scientist, combining many disciplines, this topic now exists. He has recently begun of the Pacific Ocean—in the company of including sedimentology, paleoceanography, to use novel isotope systems to understand Harry Cook, Kerry Kelts and Jerry Winterer. cyclostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy as the changing marine redox conditions during Sy later told me that Jerry had suggested me well as inorganic, organic and stable-isotope such events. In sum, Hugh Jenkyns now nearly as a participant on the cruise, so my thanks geochemistry. Yet, in spite of this diversity of owns the black-shale problem. go to him (Jerry) for that support, as well as directions, his work has always been clearly Dr. Jenkyns’ long record of distinguished being my citationist for this award. DSDP in focused on how to read the paleotectonic, research in sedimentary geology in the those days was funded only by NSF so it was paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic signals tradition of Sloss, plus his service to GSA an immense privilege for someone working in pelagic sediments. as Editor of Geology, make him superbly outside the U.S. to be able to participate. As a doctoral student at the University of qualified to receive the Sloss Award of our DSDP Leg 33 changed my life. The Leicester he worked on the highly condensed Society. discovery of organic-rich black shales atop pelagic strata of the Jurassic of western the volcanic edifice of the Manihiki Plateau, part of a Large Igneous Province, led me into Sicily. This early landmark work had a strong Response by Hugh C. Jenkyns influence on people trying to identify and a totally new field from which I have never understand pelagic sediments embedded in I am surprised, flattered and honoured escaped. Because I was aware of black shales the continents, in terms of what was just then to have received the Laurence Sloss Award cropping out in Europe of apparently identical starting to be recovered by the Deep Sea and deeply grateful to those who nominated age to those in the Pacific Ocean, DSDP Drilling Project (DSDP), a project in which me and to those in the Sedimentary Geology LEG 33 taught me to think globally when he later took an active role. Jenkyns’ early Division in GSA who saw fit to support my considering environmental change. DSDP work was concerned with the sedimentary nomination. So, what do I know of Larry Leg 33 changed me from a sedimentologist and paleotectonic evolution of the western Sloss? Did I meet him? Yes—twice: once at to a stratigrapher and palaeoceanographer. Tethys. His set of publications on the the University of Durham, north-east England, DSDP Leg 33 taught me the value of Mesozoic of western of Sicily was a forceful at a conference on sedimentation and tectonics integrating Stratigraphy and Sedimentaion. exercise in sedimentology and paleotectonics, in, I would guess, about 1974; and a second But, of course, I was not the first to realize reconstructing the tectonic and sedimentary time when I visited Northwestern University, the importance of melding those diverse history of Jurassic carbonate platforms sometime in the 1980s. I remember writing disciplines of soft-rock geology. Someone

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS else, of course, had already written the book imbibing the results of successful experiments for providing a relentlessly stimulating on that subject! involving red and white grapes. Returning environment in which to work (like Larry My thanks go also to those geologists to Europe, I would like to record my debt Sloss I have spent decades in the same dwelling to the west of the mid-Atlantic to John Hudson (Leicester University) and department), and to my wife, Evelyn, for Ridge, particularly those of the Al Fischer Daniel Bernoulli (Basel/Zürich Universities) support in numerous ways. school—Mike Arthur and Bob Garrison— for their invaluable help and advice in the with whom I have shared enjoyable days in early days of my career. Finally, I would like the field in California and Europe as well as to thank my colleagues and students at Oxford

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS

STRUCTURAL Penrose Conference on Metamorphic Core great pride in the phrase, “I was a George Complexes convened by Max Crittenden, Davis student.” GEOLOGY & Peter Coney and George in 1977. Subsequent TECTONICS applications of these concepts to other regions contributed to global understanding of similar Response by George H. Davis DIVISION CAREER orogenic systems, leading to a second Penrose My passion for structural geology CONTRIBUTION Conference on Metamorphic Core Complexes has burned brightly ever since Dr. Charles in 1987. Moke introduced me to “structures” at The AWARD Among his most enduring achievements, College of Wooster. Nothing has dimmed and demonstrating his passion for sharing this fire. Even while holding university Presented to structural geology, is George’s text book, leadership positions I had to do geology. Most George H. Davis Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions. administrators move on. UA President, Peter With the third edition now in preparation, Likins, would say of me that every graph including coauthors Steve Reynolds and I made looked like a mountain, and every Chuck Kluth, George’s text went where no analogy was tectonic. structural reference went before: it made Most of you suffer the same disorder. it fun. Countless reviews have noted the Psychologist Roger Shepard believes that accessible, entertaining style that draws preoccupation with kinematics of “reversible students in, and the combination of geologic transformations” are rooted deeply and non-geologic examples (pepperoni psychologically in our evolved visual systems pizza?) that demonstrate and reinforce critical as human beings, giving rise to our abilities concepts. Finding a text that effectively to appreciate symmetrical patterns. What covers the material is fortunate; having a text Shepard regards as an appreciation we regard that inspires and connects with students is as a profession. We address transformational priceless. puzzles in glorious field settings, and relate Beyond geology, George has always solutions to forces, stresses, time, and history. had passion for larger academic issues and This combination is what makes our disorder George H. Davis service. From department chair to University totally incurable. University of Arizona of Arizona Vice Provost and Vice President, We share common paths, attending GSA and then ultimately as Provost and Executive as undergraduates and seeing the big names Vice President, George brought a grounded from a distance; give our first talk; move into science background to a university facing the rhythm of national meetings; experience Citation by Robert W. Krantz dramatic challenges, and he helped administer Penrose Conferences. We learn we are part of strategic solutions that focused on excellence a community of scientific discovery, and grow Many structural geologists complete and achievement. While appreciating his to learn that knowing, trusting, respecting, significant research on select tectonic support of earth science from these lofty posts, and enjoying one another are as important as problems; George Davis played a fundamental colleagues and students found it easy to re- doing the mapping. In our early professional role in the discovery of a completely new ignite George’s passion for structural topics careers we experience unplanned moments continental scale orogeny. Many earth and distract him from administrative issues. of impact that give us a sense we might scientists publish text books; Structural During his “working” years, George amount to something. In 1973 at GSA, Greg Geology of Rocks and Regions, by Davis supervised more than 40 grad students Davis and Clark Burchfiel waved me over and Reynolds, has become a standard for and served on committees of many more. to their table for a beer, and told me they undergrad classes with thousands of inspired Being a Davis student meant working as a liked my talk about the Rincons. We connect students. And almost all academic staff peer, from project planning and logistics to with towering influences. Mine was Peter provide departmental and university service; analysis and reporting. George consistently Coney. Our ventures together in core complex George Davis supported the University of promoted self-reliance and leadership, which discovery gave me a rare taste of cutting-edge Arizona at the highest level, ultimately beyond scientific success led so many of us science. serving as Provost and Executive Vice to rewarding academic and industry careers. We make personal decisions regarding President. Of course, along the way there was plenty of what is important. Our strategies have Shortly after arriving in Tucson as time for fun, or “sick fun” as George might decadal influence on how we individually a young professor, George focused his categorize collecting thousands of lineation operate. My directions emerged at the research on what we now take for granted data or making plane table maps of vertical confluence of two well-springs:Structural as metamorphic core complexes. George’s cliffs. Analysis of Metamorphic Tectonites (Turner investigations were among the first to Yet, in spite of all the self-reliance that and Weiss) and Folding and Fracturing of document extensional kinematics, and he George has taught, and all that his students Rocks (John Ramsay). “Structural Geology of went on to work with other colleagues to have achieved on their own, there is no Rocks and Regions” intends to reveal how we define an orogeny that affected the North question that they also enjoy his reflected in fact think about the earth, and our passion American Cordillera in middle Tertiary time, glow. His technical insight, careful science for what we do. adding a new chapter to our tectonic story. and great personal warmth are such that even Besides my parents, my wife Merrily, These investigations culminated in the 1977 today, many years after graduation, we take and our family, there are two special

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010 MEDALS & AWARDS communities whose meaning in my personal Then there is the special community of same gift that my Ph.D. advisor at Michigan, and professional life I must underscore. One my very own students. It pleases me, Bob, that Bill Kelly, gave me. is all of you. We come together as structure- you connect me with promoting self-reliance Bob, as I look at you this very minute, tectonics people in ways minimally intersected and leadership. First-hand field experience you represent all of my students, graduate and by university, corporate, or agency politics. was the “bread-and-butter” of my teaching, undergraduate, and I thank you for what you I believe we age well together, like a good followed by the most precious gift I could have done for me, not just today, but over the wine. At meetings and on field trips we delight give: freedom and responsibility in choosing many years. in picking up where we left off. a project and a pathway. This is precisely the

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