DOCSLIB.ORG

The Climate- Cryosphere- Water Nexus in Central Asia Key Messages

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Climate- Cryosphere- Water Nexus in Central Asia Key Messages Nexus Brief, Nr. 8, October 2019 Climate Change & Environment The Climate- Cryosphere- Water Nexus in Central Asia Key messages Climate change impacts are already noticeable in Transboundary cooperation and integrated Central Asia, which is expected to be one of the most approaches in water management are key strategies in vulnerable regions globally. Temperatures in Central the development of sustainable adaptation solutions in Asia have increased steadily over the past 50 years the region. Integrated Water Resources Management and are projected to rise by 2.5°C–6.5°C towards the through the implementation of basin management end of the 21st century depending on future emission principles is a key instrument for maintaining interstate pathways. Global warming leads to increased melting dialogue and an entry point to the climate-cryosphere- of snow and glaciers and thawing of permafrost and water nexus. As such, cooperation on transboundary as such affect the overall water balance. water management can be a driver for sustainable economic development and thus ultimately for cross- The mountain cryosphere is already changing and will border peace and stability. continue to change considerably towards the end of this century, depending on emission pathways. These Excellent examples of changes will dramatically alter the resource bases of projects and programmes Aralsk the communities and societies depending on water relevant to development Northern Lake Balkhash Aral Sea Ili delta 4 availability from glaciers, snow and permafrost. and cooperation in the (38) 5 region are testimony to KAZAKHSTAN Eastern Ili Economic development and population growth the willingness to step up Aral Sea CHN 4 Western Khorgos intensify impacts and risks in Central Asia. Therefore, adaptation solutions that Aral Sea risks related to water scarcity and changing hazards are integrative and ro- Aral Kum Desert KAZ 1.3 16 Ili basin 12 need to be assessed in the context of climatic and bust, and that address un- Chu-Talas basin Kapchagay Res. KAZ 2.2 Chu Almaty KAZ (other rivers) 1.5 non-climatic drivers in order to devise appropriate expected changes. Muynak KAZ 0.6 KAZ 10 Talas S adaptation solutions. yr 4.8 Da ry KYR 3.3 Karakalpakstan 7.9 a Taraz Bishkek Issyk-Kul 1.5 Akshirak Enilchek Sarygamysh Lake 1 Prospective Shymkent KYR 0.9 Tien-Shan Collector KYRGYZSTAN K a ra Aksu B Chirchik- Naryn o g Aral Sea basin a Aksu z Charvak G o Ahangaran l Tashauz 6.5 Tashkent 15 Horezm 4.4 UZBEKISTAN 9 UZB 10 KYR 3 Context (UZB) (37) Kara Darya Golden Age Lake Dashoguz Collector 4 CHINA (under construction) UZB 5.3 Aydar Lake TJK 2 Osh nt Lebap 3.9 1 Rivers of ka 2 Yar Ferghana Valley: 8 Kashgar Zar UZB 10 avs Kashgar Bukhara han TURKMENISTAN Samarkand KYR 0.1 5.3 Fedchenko Why this nexus brief Amu-Bukhara 5.2 Kafarnigan Central Asia Great Turkmen Collector Kashkadarya 0.3 The cryosphere – the frozen water component of our 1.2 Vaksh Water resource formation and use clear seasonality with a Dushanbe TAJIKISTAN Surhandarya Pamir planet – will undergo dramatic changes in the future if minimum flow in the win- TJK 6.6 Average water withdrawal Ashgabat Karshi 4.2 UZB Panj anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions continue to ter (snow accumulation High water losses along Sherabad 1.4 0.6 1.5 (km³/year) Karakum Canal 1.5 Amu Darya Average flow 0.5 70 rise unchecked. Even if the global community achieves 4.8 (km³/year) season) and a maximum 0.2 20 30 ash A 5.5 Y arak trek 0.98 ar K the 1.5–2°C aspirational goal set by the Paris Agree- Karakum Canal 11 ka 10 flow in the summer (melt nt 5 ment, changes in the cryosphere will be massive. M season). Snow and gla- u 33 r g a Other rivers: 6.2 ciers substantially contrib- b Mountain regions above 2000 metres Kokcha T Mashad e j e Irrigated lands In the predominantly dry climate conditions of Central ute to run-off in spring and n Indus Asia, the role of the cryosphere is particularly import- summer, providing timely IRAN Drainage water and irrigation run-off AFGHANISTAN Re-use of drainage ant for water resources. The main sources of water in supplies to agriculture and PAKISTAN Kunduz Main glacier areas Central Asia are the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, compensating for reduced Srinagar Kabul River basin outline which are mostly fed by snow melt and glacier melt precipitation in low wa- Hari Rud Country boundary from the Pamir, Hindu Kush and Tien Shan mountain ter years. The snowpack 0 250 km Islamabad ranges. Snow and glacier-fed run-off usually shows a stores water seasonally Source: water ow and water use data www.cawater-info.net 2 ab en s h u C d In while glaciers store water for decades or even cen- Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan being among the mostly turies, compensating for fluctuations in precipitation irrigated areas worldwide (Figure 1). The agriculture during drought periods. sector contributes to about 20% of the GDP of the region and accounts for up to 50% of the labour force The Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers are at the heart of within the countries (International Crisis Group 2014). socio-economic development in Central Asia, supplying water for domestic and municipal uses, industrial This nexus brief explores the interactions between processes, agricultural production and hydropower. changes in the cryosphere due to climate change and Each sector is intrinsically linked, with water generating the consequences for water resources and hazard about 22% of the region’s electricity supply and the management in Central Asia. It analyses the status rivers accounting for 75% of the irrigated agriculture in of those changes and discusses policy responses and the region, with the lowlands of southern Kazakhstan, implications for development and cooperation. Figure 1: Water resource formation and use in Central Asia Map produced by Zoï Environment Network, 2018 Aralsk Northern Lake Balkhash Aral Sea Ili delta 4 (38) 5 KAZAKHSTAN Eastern Ili Aral Sea CHN 4 Western Khorgos Aral Sea Aral Kum Desert KAZ 1.3 16 Ili basin 12 Chu-Talas basin Kapchagay Res. KAZ 2.2 Chu Almaty KAZ (other rivers) 1.5 Muynak KAZ 0.6 KAZ 10 Talas S yr 4.8 Da ry KYR 3.3 Karakalpakstan 7.9 a Taraz Bishkek Issyk-Kul 1.5 Akshirak Enilchek Sarygamysh Lake 1 Prospective Shymkent KYR 0.9 Tien-Shan Collector KYRGYZSTAN K a ra Aksu B Chirchik- Naryn o g Aral Sea basin a Aksu z Charvak G o Ahangaran l Tashauz 6.5 Tashkent 15 Horezm 4.4 UZBEKISTAN 9 UZB 10 KYR 3 (UZB) (37) Kara Darya Golden Age Lake Dashoguz Collector 4 CHINA (under construction) UZB 5.3 Aydar Lake TJK 2 Osh nt Lebap 3.9 1 Rivers of ka 2 Yar Ferghana Valley: 8 Kashgar Zar UZB 10 avs Kashgar Bukhara han TURKMENISTAN Samarkand KYR 0.1 5.3 Fedchenko Amu-Bukhara 5.2 Kafarnigan Central Asia Kashkadarya 0.3 Great Turkmen Collector 1.2 Vaksh Water resource formation and use Dushanbe TAJIKISTAN Surhandarya Pamir TJK 6.6 Average water withdrawal Ashgabat Karshi 4.2 UZB Panj High water losses along Sherabad 1.4 0.6 1.5 (km³/year) Karakum Canal 1.5 Amu Darya Average flow 0.5 70 0.2 4.8 20 30 (km³/year) rakash Atre 0.98 5.5 Ya Ka k Karakum Canal 11 rka 10 nt 5 M u 33 r g a Other rivers: 6.2 b Mountain regions above 2000 metres Kokcha T Mashad e j e Irrigated lands n ndus IRAN I Drainage water and irrigation run-off AFGHANISTAN Re-use of drainage PAKISTAN Kunduz Main glacier areas Srinagar Kabul River basin outline Hari Rud Country boundary 0 250 km Islamabad Source: water ow and water use data www.cawater-info.net 3 ab en s h u C d In Facts & Figures Climate warming in Central Asia expected Projected loss of glacier mass by the end to exceed the global average of the 21st century Mean annual air temperature increases have already Glaciers in Central Asia are mainly found in Kyrgyzstan been observed across Central Asia. Warming trends (Tien Shan) and Tajikistan (Pamir) with some smaller are more pronounced in the lower elevation plains and glaciers in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Glaciers play intermontane valleys than at higher elevations. The a crucial role in the availability of water resources warming across Central Asia is expected to exceed in Central Asia throughout the year, and even in the global average, with the southernmost areas basins with a glacierised fraction of less than 5%, experiencing the greater shift in temperatures and glacier melt water can be an important contributor the northernmost parts showing a less pronounced to irrigation in the summer to compensate for scarce shift. Projections call for a 2.5°C increase in summer precipitation. temperature towards the end of this century for a low emission scenario and up to 6.5°C for a high Observations provide clear evidence (Figure 2) emission scenario compared with the 1951–1980 that glaciers are retreating in response to global period (Reyer et al. 2017). temperature increases (World Glacier Monitoring Centre, 2018). Glaciers are retreating at different In a world 2°C warmer than at pre-industrial times, rates, and the retreating trend is more pronounced heat extremes will be more frequent, and local in the Tien Shan range than in the Pamir. As smaller regions of Central Asia (south of 50°N from the glaciers have larger relative area losses than Caspian Sea to Central China) may experience heat bigger glaciers, some smaller glaciers have already extremes about five times more frequently than completely disappeared.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eastern and Western Look at the History of the Silk Road
    Journal of Critical Reviews ISSN- 2394-5125 Vol 7, Issue 9, 2020 EASTERN AND WESTERN LOOK AT THE HISTORY OF THE SILK ROAD Kobzeva Olga1, Siddikov Ravshan2, Doroshenko Tatyana3, Atadjanova Sayora4, Ktaybekov Salamat5 1Professor, Doctor of Historical Sciences, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [email protected] 2Docent, Candidate of historical Sciences, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [email protected] 3Docent, Candidate of Historical Sciences, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [email protected] 4Docent, Candidate of Historical Sciences, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [email protected] 5Lecturer at the History faculty, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [email protected] Received: 17.03.2020 Revised: 02.04.2020 Accepted: 11.05.2020 Abstract This article discusses the eastern and western views of the Great Silk Road as well as the works of scientists who studied the Great Silk Road. The main direction goes to the historiography of the Great Silk Road of 19-21 centuries. Keywords: Great Silk Road, Silk, East, West, China, Historiography, Zhang Qian, Sogdians, Trade and etc. © 2020 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.09.17 INTRODUCTION another temple in Suzhou, sacrifices are offered so-called to the The historiography of the Great Silk Road has thousands of “Yellow Emperor”, who according to a legend, with the help of 12 articles, monographs, essays, and other kinds of investigations.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Und Leute 22
    Vorwort 11 Herausragende Sehenswürdigkeiten 12 Das Wichtigste in Kurze 14 Entfernungstabelle 20 Zeichenlegende 20 LAND UND LEUTE 22 Tadschikistan im Überblick 24 Landschaft und Natur 25 Gewässer und Gletscher 27 Klima und Reisezeit 28 Flora 29 Fauna 32 Umweltprobleme 37 Geschichte 42 Die Anfänge 42 Vom griechisch-baktrischen Reich bis zur Kushan-Dynastie 47 Eroberung durch die Araber und das Somonidenreich 49 Türken, Mongolen und das Emirat von Buchara 49 Russischer Einfluss und >Great Game< 50 Sowjetische Zeit 50 Unabhängigkeit und Burgerkrieg 52 Endlich Frieden 53 Tadschikistan im 21. Jahrhundert 57 Regierung 57 Wirtschaftslage 58 Kritik und Opposition 58 Tourismus 60 Politisches System in Theorie und Praxis 61 Administrative Gliederung 63 Wirtschaft 65 Bevölkerung und Kultur 69 Religionen und Minderheiten 71 Städtebau und Architektur 74 Volkskunst 77 Sprache 79 Literatur 80 Musik 85 Brauche 89 http://d-nb.info/1071383132 Feste 91 Heilige Statten 94 Die tadschikische Küche 95 ZENTRALTADSCHIKISTAN 102 Duschanbe 104 Geschichte 104 Spaziergang am Rudaki-Prospekt 110 Markt und Mahalla 114 Parks am Varzob-Fluss 115 Museen 119 Denkmaler 122 Duschanbe live 128 Duschanbe-Informationen 131 Die Umgebung von Duschanbe 145 Festung Hisor 145 Varzob-Schlucht 148 Romit-Tal 152 Tal des Karatog 153 Wasserkraftwerk Norak 154 Das Rasht-Tal 156 Ob-i Garm 158 Gharm 159 Jirgatol 159 Reiseveranstalter in Zentral­ tadschikistan 161 DER PAMIR 162 Das Dach der Welt 164 Ein geografisches Kurzportrait 167 Die Bewohner des Pamirs 170 Sprache und Religion 186 Reisen
    [Show full text]
  • Snow Leopards and Other Animals of the Tien Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan
    EXPEDITION REPORT Expedition dates: 9 June – 23 August 2014 Report published: June 2015 Mountain ghosts: protecting snow leopards and other animals of the Tien Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan . EXPEDITION REPORT Mountain ghosts: protecting snow leopards and other animals of the Tien Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan Expedition dates: 9 June – 23 August 2014 Report published: June 2015 Authors: Volodymyr Tytar I.I Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Matthias Hammer Biosphere Expeditions 1 © Biosphere Expeditions, an international not-for-profit conservation organisation registered in England, Germany, France, Australia and the USA Officially accredited member of the United Nations Environment Programme's Governing Council & Global Ministerial Environment Forum Officially accredited member of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Abstract This study was part of an expedition to the Tien Shan Mountains (Kyrgyz Ala-Too range), run by Biosphere Expeditions and NABU from 9 June to 23 August 2014 with the aim of surveying for snow leopard (Uncia uncia) and its prey species such as argali (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica). Using a cell methodology adopted by Biosphere Expeditions for volunteer expeditions, 77 cells of 2 x 2 km were surveyed and 22 interviews with local people were conducted. The surveys yielded no evidence of snow leopard (camera trap photos, tracks, scrapes, marking places, etc.), but the interviews indicated that snow leopard was present in the area and confirmed the importance of the area as a habitat for snow leopard. The surveys also showed that the area’s habitat is sufficiently varied and capable of sustaining a healthy prey base for the snow leopard as well as for other carnivores such as the wolf.
    [Show full text]
  • Los Cien Montes Más Prominentes Del Planeta D
    LOS CIEN MONTES MÁS PROMINENTES DEL PLANETA D. Metzler, E. Jurgalski, J. de Ferranti, A. Maizlish Nº Nombre Alt. Prom. Situación Lat. Long. Collado de referencia Alt. Lat. Long. 1 MOUNT EVEREST 8848 8848 Nepal/Tibet (China) 27°59'18" 86°55'27" 0 2 ACONCAGUA 6962 6962 Argentina -32°39'12" -70°00'39" 0 3 DENALI / MOUNT McKINLEY 6194 6144 Alaska (USA) 63°04'12" -151°00'15" SSW of Rivas (Nicaragua) 50 11°23'03" -85°51'11" 4 KILIMANJARO (KIBO) 5895 5885 Tanzania -3°04'33" 37°21'06" near Suez Canal 10 30°33'21" 32°07'04" 5 COLON/BOLIVAR * 5775 5584 Colombia 10°50'21" -73°41'09" local 191 10°43'51" -72°57'37" 6 MOUNT LOGAN 5959 5250 Yukon (Canada) 60°34'00" -140°24’14“ Mentasta Pass 709 62°55'19" -143°40’08“ 7 PICO DE ORIZABA / CITLALTÉPETL 5636 4922 Mexico 19°01'48" -97°16'15" Champagne Pass 714 60°47'26" -136°25'15" 8 VINSON MASSIF 4892 4892 Antarctica -78°31’32“ -85°37’02“ 0 New Guinea (Indonesia, Irian 9 PUNCAK JAYA / CARSTENSZ PYRAMID 4884 4884 -4°03'48" 137°11'09" 0 Jaya) 10 EL'BRUS 5642 4741 Russia 43°21'12" 42°26'21" West Pakistan 901 26°33'39" 63°39'17" 11 MONT BLANC 4808 4695 France 45°49'57" 06°51'52" near Ozero Kubenskoye 113 60°42'12" c.37°07'46" 12 DAMAVAND 5610 4667 Iran 35°57'18" 52°06'36" South of Kaukasus 943 42°01'27" 43°29'54" 13 KLYUCHEVSKAYA 4750 4649 Kamchatka (Russia) 56°03'15" 160°38'27" 101 60°23'27" 163°53'09" 14 NANGA PARBAT 8125 4608 Pakistan 35°14'21" 74°35'27" Zoji La 3517 34°16'39" 75°28'16" 15 MAUNA KEA 4205 4205 Hawaii (USA) 19°49'14" -155°28’05“ 0 16 JENGISH CHOKUSU 7435 4144 Kyrghysztan/China 42°02'15" 80°07'30"
    [Show full text]
  • The Relict Gull Larusrelictus in China and Elsewhere
    FORKTAIL 6 (1991): 43-65 The Relict Gull Larusrelictus in China and elsewhere DANIEL G. DUFF, DAVID N. BAKEWELL and MARTIN D. WilLIAMS Since the last review a decade ago of the Relict Gull Larus relictus, some new specimens have been discovered, observations made and photographic records identified. All the known localities for the species are now summarised. Historically, before the validity of the species was established in 1970, the majority of specimens and sight records seem to have been attributed to Brown-headed Gull L. brunnicephalus. Five breeding sites are now known. The first indications are that the non-breeding range lies at more northerly latitudes than hitherto surmised. The species seems to replace Brown-headed Gull through much of Mongolia, Nei Mongol autonomous region and neighbouring territories, but shows features suggesting close relationship with Great Black-headed Gull L. ichthY{1£tus. On 24 April 1929 K. G. Soderbom collected a specimen of an unusual hooded gull at Tsondol on the Edsin Gol (river) in Inner Mongolia, China. The resulting controversy surrounding this bird is well summarised by Kitson (1980); the specimen was initially described as a race of Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus relictus (LOnnberg 1931), and subsequently as an aberrant Brown-headed Gull L. brnnnicephalus (Dement'yev and Gladkov 1969) or as a Brown-headed X Great Black-headed L. ichthyaetus hybrid (Vaurie 1962). The Relict Gull Larus relictuswas eventually confirmed as a valid species in 1970 (Auezov 1971, Stubbe and Bolod 1971, ll'ichyev and Zubakin 1988) following the discovery of two breeding colonies in the U.S.S.R Only five breeding sites have so far been located and the wintering grounds remain largely undiscovered.
    [Show full text]
  • Declining Glaciers Endanger Sustainable Development of the Oases Along the Aksu-Tarim River (Central Asia)
    International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tsdw20 Declining glaciers endanger sustainable development of the oases along the Aksu-Tarim River (Central Asia) Tobias Bolch, Doris Duethmann, Michel Wortmann, Shiyin Liu & Markus Disse To cite this article: Tobias Bolch, Doris Duethmann, Michel Wortmann, Shiyin Liu & Markus Disse (2021): Declining glaciers endanger sustainable development of the oases along the Aksu-Tarim River (Central Asia), International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/13504509.2021.1943723 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2021.1943723 © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 14 Jul 2021. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tsdw20 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & WORLD ECOLOGY https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2021.1943723 Declining glaciers endanger sustainable development of the oases along the Aksu-Tarim River (Central Asia) Tobias Bolch a, Doris Duethmann b, Michel Wortmann c, Shiyin Liu d and Markus Disse e aSchool of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, UK; bDepartment of Ecohydrology, IGB Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany; cClimate Resilience, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany; dInstitute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China; eChair of Hydrology and River Basin Management, TU München, Germany ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Tarim River basin is the largest endorheic river basin in China.
    [Show full text]
  • The World Bank the STATE STATISTICAL COMMITTEE of the REPUBLIC of TAJIKISTAN Foreword
    The World Bank THE STATE STATISTICAL COMMITTEE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN Foreword This atlas is the culmination of a significant effort to deliver a snapshot of the socio-economic situation in Tajikistan at the time of the 2000 Census. The atlas arose out of a need to gain a better understanding among Government Agencies and NGOs about the spatial distribution of poverty, through its many indicators, and also to provide this information at a lower level of geographical disaggregation than was previously available, that is, the Jamoat. Poverty is multi-dimensional and as such the atlas includes information on a range of different indicators of the well- being of the population, including education, health, economic activity and the environment. A unique feature of the atlas is the inclusion of estimates of material poverty at the Jamoat level. The derivation of these estimates involves combining the detailed information on household expenditures available from the 2003 Tajikistan Living Standards Survey and the national coverage of the 2000 Census using statistical modelling. This is the first time that this complex statistical methodology has been applied in Central Asia and Tajikistan is proud to be at the forefront of such innovation. It is hoped that the atlas will be of use to all those interested in poverty reduction and improving the lives of the Tajik population. Professor Shabozov Mirgand Chairman Tajikistan State Statistical Committee Project Overview The Socio-economic Atlas, including a poverty map for the country, is part of the on-going Poverty Dialogue Program of the World Bank in collaboration with the Government of Tajikistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Sharing of Experiences on Water Governance in the Context of Disaster Risk Reduction in the Chu-Talas Basin
    SESSION 3 EEF.DEL/24/15 12 May 2015 Second Preparatory Meeting of the 23rd OSCE Economic and Environmental Forum ENGLISH only SHARING OF EXPERIENCES ON WATER GOVERNANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN THE CHU-TALAS BASIN Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic on the Use of Water Management Facilities of Intergovernmental Status on the Rivers Chu and Talas GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE CHU AND TALAS Chu basin Talas basin ´ The catchment area - ´ The catchment area - 38 400 km2 (Large Arna) 52 700 km2 ´ The length of the river - ´ The length of the river - 661 1186 km km ´ Power supply - snow-glacier ´ Power supply - snow-glacier ´ Water resources - 6.64 km3 ´ Water resources – 1.74 km3 ´ Irrigated areas - 476.0 t.ga: ´ Irrigated areas – 162.7 t.ga: Kazakhstan - 114,7- 24% Kazakhstan – 60.0 - 37% Kyrgyzstan - 361,3-76% Kyrgyzstan – 102.7-63% ´ Population - 2 095 th. ´ Population – 686.3 th. Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic on the Use of Water Management Facilities of Intergovernmental Status on the Rivers Chu and Talas STEPS TO ENSURE STABILITY IN USE WATER RESOURCES OF CHU AND TALAS 1996 - decision-making by water management authorities in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan on the joint solution of water problems, 2000, Jan. 21, Astana - the signing of the Intergovernmental “Agreement on the Use of Water Management Facilities of Intergovernmental Status on the Chu and Talas Rivers”, August 2004 - the establishment of the Commission, May 2011, Bishkek - an International Conference to commemorate a decade of a bilateral “Agreement”.
    [Show full text]
  • REPORT on TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION HOTSPOTS for the CENTRAL ASIAN MAMMALS INITIATIVE (Prepared by the Secretariat)
    CONVENTION ON UNEP/CMS/COP13/Inf.27 MIGRATORY 8 January 2020 SPECIES Original: English 13th MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES Gandhinagar, India, 17 - 22 February 2020 Agenda Item 26.3 REPORT ON TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION HOTSPOTS FOR THE CENTRAL ASIAN MAMMALS INITIATIVE (Prepared by the Secretariat) Summary: This report was developed with funding from the Government of Switzerland within the frame of the Central Asian Mammals Initiative (CAMI) (Doc. 26.3.5) to identify transboundary conservation hotspots and develop recommendations for their conservation. The report builds on existing projects, in particular, the CAMI Linear Infrastructure and Migration Atlas (see Inf.Doc.19) and focusses on the same species and geographical area. The study was discussed during the CAMI Range State Meeting held from 25-28 September 2019 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia where participants reviewed the pre-identified areas. Their comments are incorporated in this report. Participants also provided new information about important transboundary sites from Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan and recommended to send the report for final review to Range States and experts. It was also recommended that the final report covers all CAMI species as adopted at COP13. This report is therefore a final draft with the last step to expand the geographical and species scope and finalize the report to be undertaken after COP13. Mapping Transboundary Conservation Hotspots for the Central Asian Mammals Initiative Photo credit: Viktor Lukarevsky Report – Draft 5 incorporating comments made during the CAMI Range States Meeting on 25-28 September 2019 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The report does not yet consider the Urial, Persian leopard and Gobi bear as CAMI species pending decision at the CMS COP13, as well as the proposed expansion of the geographic and species scope to include the entire CAMI region in this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Resources Lifeblood of the Region
    Water Resources Lifeblood of the Region 68 Central Asia Atlas of Natural Resources ater has long been the fundamental helped the region flourish; on the other, water, concern of Central Asia’s air, land, and biodiversity have been degraded. peoples. Few parts of the region are naturally water endowed, In this chapter, major river basins, inland seas, Wand it is unevenly distributed geographically. lakes, and reservoirs of Central Asia are presented. This scarcity has caused people to adapt in both The substantial economic and ecological benefits positive and negative ways. Vast power projects they provide are described, along with the threats and irrigation schemes have diverted most of facing them—and consequently the threats the water flow, transforming terrain, ecology, facing the economies and ecology of the country and even climate. On the one hand, powerful themselves—as a result of human activities. electrical grids and rich agricultural areas have The Amu Darya River in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, with a canal (left) taking water to irrigate cotton fields.Upper right: Irrigation lifeline, Dostyk main canal in Makktaaral Rayon in South Kasakhstan Oblast, Kazakhstan. Lower right: The Charyn River in the Balkhash Lake basin, Kazakhstan. Water Resources 69 55°0'E 75°0'E 70 1:10 000 000 Central AsiaAtlas ofNaturalResources Major River Basins in Central Asia 200100 0 200 N Kilometers RUSSIAN FEDERATION 50°0'N Irty sh im 50°0'N Ish ASTANA N ura a b m Lake Zaisan E U r a KAZAKHSTAN l u s y r a S Lake Balkhash PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC Ili OF CHINA Chui Aral Sea National capital 1 International boundary S y r D a r Rivers and canals y a River basins Lake Caspian Sea BISHKEK Issyk-Kul Amu Darya UZBEKISTAN Balkhash-Alakol 40°0'N ryn KYRGYZ Na Ob-Irtysh TASHKENT REPUBLIC Syr Darya 40°0'N Ural 1 Chui-Talas AZERBAIJAN 2 Zarafshan TURKMENISTAN 2 Boundaries are not necessarily authoritative.
    [Show full text]
  • Investor's Atlas 2006
    INVESTOR’S ATLAS 2006 Investor’s ATLAS Contents Akmola Region ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Aktobe Region .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Almaty Region ............................................................................................................................................................ 12 Atyrau Region .............................................................................................................................................................. 17 Eastern Kazakhstan Region............................................................................................................................................. 20 Karaganda Region ........................................................................................................................................................ 24 Kostanai Region ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 Kyzylorda Region .......................................................................................................................................................... 31 Mangistau Region ........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wayfaring Strangers Can Meet at This Comforting Oasis of Alien Beauty Near the Ancient Silk Road in Uzbekistan, Says Sophie Ibbotson
    CITY SHANGHAI Yurts under the night sky in Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan Modern Nomads WAYFARING STRANGERS CAN MEET AT THIS COMFORTING OASIS OF ALIEN BEAUTY NEAR THE ANCIENT SILK ROAD IN UZBEKISTAN, SAYS SOPHIE IBBOTSON PHOTOGRAPHS: SHUTTERSTOCK 104 OUTLOOK TRAVELLER • SEPTEMBER 2014 OUTLOOK TRAVELLER • SEPTEMBER 2017 105 UZBEKISTAN GETTY IMAGES Solid furniture is incompatible with a nomadic lifestyle: everything must fold up, or roll up, so that it can be moved is rightly famed for its incredible Silk Road cities— Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva, all three of which are Unesco world heritage sites—but the natural landscapes are often overlooked. It’s a pity because there’s more to Uzbekistan than its built environment. There’s a sense of peace in the desert which you just don’t get in urban areas, and it’s one of the few places where you can still experience the nomadic one made of felt stretched across a criss-cross A woman drinking culture which has been erased almost entirely from wooden frame, surrounds a bonfire site and shares local vodka at a wedding; and modern Uzbekistan. communal facilities. It might seem strange that there (below) traditional Our desert experience centred on the are Kazakh yurts in Uzbekistan, but the reality is blue ceramic tiles Nurata Yurt Camp, a community based tourism that Kazakhstan is but a short distance away. Ethnic with a patterned initiative that creates livelihoods for a number of Uzbeks were historically traders—settled people— caravan of camels families living in the biosphere and neighbouring and the Kazakhs were nomads, herding their flocks villages.
    [Show full text]