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Home , Archaeorhizomycetes, Biatorellaceae, Green algae, Lecanoromycetidae, Phylum

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Part 1/2 Syllabus of Families Wolfgang Frey (Editor) 2016. X, 322 pp., 16 colour plates, 8 fi gs, hardcover, 25 x 17 cm ISBN 978-3-443-01089-8 119.– € www.borntraeger-cramer.com/9783443010898

Part 1/2 of Engler’s Syllabus of Plant Families – Ascomycota – provides a thorough treatise of the world-wide morphological and molecular diversity of the fungal Ascomycota. The Ascomycota (including lichenized forms) are the most diverse group of fungi, with a fascinating range of morphological and biological variation, distributed from the arctic tundra and subantarctic vegetation formations, to tropical rainforests and semi-deserts, to freshwater and marine ecosystems. The present volume is an updated synthesis of classical anatomical-morphological characters with modern molecular data, incorporating numerous new discoveries made during the last ten years, providing a comprehensive modern survey covering all families and genera of the Ascomycota including detailed descriptions. While the Fungi are not part of the Plant , they are formally included within the classic Engler’s title “Syllabus der Pfl anzenfamilien/ Syllabus of Plant Families”, which comprised families of blue-green , algae, fungi, , , and fl owering .

The completely restructured and revised 13th edition of Engler’s 120 Lecanoromycetes 121 2. Nannf. Lecanorales is the largest order of lichenized fungi, incl. a wide range of morphological and Syllabus of Plant Families published in 5 parts and in English lan- ecological variation, with its members found in almost all terrestrial ecosystems, although less diverse in trop. rain forest. Its members typically have lecanoroid asci with a well-devel- oped, apical, amyloid tholus of various shapes. The order includes some of the largest fami- lies of lichenized fungi, such as , , and Ramalinaceae, which domi- guage for the fi rst time considers molecular data, which have only re- nate communities in temp. and trop. montane regions, but also in ecosystems such as the South American Cerrado. Fam. M.Choisy ex Hafellner & Casares-Porcel Lichenized. Thallus crustose. cently become available in order to provide an up-to-date evolutionary Photobiont chlorococcoid. Ascomata apotheciate, biatorine, often with reduced margin. Hamathecium consisting of branched paraphyses, amyloid. Asci with weakly amyloid apical dome and strongly amyloid layer, strongly amyloid outer layer, cylindrical to clavate. Ascospores numerous per ascus, non-septate, ellipsoid to subglobose, hyaline, non-amyloid. and systematic overview of the plant and fungal groups treated. Conidiomata not known. Secondary chemistry: no substances. On soil or bark. 1 gen. (c. 30), cosmopol. Biatorella De Not. (c. 30). Fam. Carbonicolaceae Bendiksby & Timdal Lichenized. Thallus squamulose. Photobiont In our “molecular times” there is a vitally important and growing chlorococcoid. Ascomata apotheciate, biatorine, with reduced margin. Hamathecium con- sisting of unbranched paraphyses, amyloid. Asci semifissitunicate, with weakly amyloid api- cal tholus containing darker amyloid, tubular structure, clavate. Ascospores 8 per ascus, non-septate, ellipsoid, hyaline, non-amyloid. Conidiomata pycnidia; conidia non-septate, need to preserve the knowledge of the entire range of diversity and filiform, hyaline. Secondary chemistry: depsidones. Usually epiphytic on burnt wood or bark. 1 gen. (3), subcosmopol., in temp. regions. Carbonicola Bendiksby & Timdal (3). Fam. Catillariaceae Hafellner (incl. Placolecidaceae Hafellner) Lichenized. Thallus crus- biology of organisms for coming generations, as there is a decline in tose to squamulose. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Ascomata apotheciate, lecideine. Hamathe- cium consisting of sparingly branched paraphyses, amyloid. Asci semifissitunicate, with uni- formely amyloid apical cap, clavate. Ascospores 8–16 per ascus, non-septate or transversely “classical” morphological and taxonomical expertise, especially for septate, ellipsoid, hyaline, non-amyloid. Conidiomata pycnidia; conidia non-septate, ellip- soid to filiform, hyaline. Secondary chemistry: anthraquinones, depsides, despidones or no substances. On rocks or bark. 4–5 gen. (c. 175), cosmopol. Austrolecia Hertel (1). – Catillaria A.Massal. (c. 150). – Placolecis Trevis. (1). – ?Solenop- less popular (showy) groups of organisms. sora A.Massal. (c. 20). – Xanthopsorella Kalb & Hafellner (1). Fam. Cladoniaceae Zenker Lichenized. Thallus fruticose or foliose, often dimorphic, com- posed of an evanescent to persistent, crustose, foliose or squamulose primary thallus and a th vertical secondary thallus with ascomata. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Ascomata apotheciate, Accordingly, the 13 edition of Syllabus of Plant Families synthe- biatorine, often with reduced margin. Hamathecium consisting of branched paraphyses, amyloid. Asci semifissitunicate, with an amyloid apical dome and amyloid tube structure, cylindrical to clavate. Ascospores 8 per ascus, usually non-septate, ellipsoid to subglobose, Fig. 4-9. Lichenized Lecanoromycetes. . . 1. Pyxine coccinea. Thallus lobes. 2. Stig- hyaline, non-amyloid. Conidiomata pycnidia; conidia non-septate, usually filiform, hyaline. sizes both modern data and classical expertise, serving to educate Secondary chemistry: diverse, incl. bisanthraquinones, fatty acids, depsides, depsidones, ter- matochroma gerontoides. Apothecia. . 3. Heterodermia barbifera. Apothecia. . Letrouitiaceae. 4. Letrouitia domingensis. Apothecia. . 5. Caloplaca cerina. Apothecia. 6. penoids, usnic acid. On soil or bark. 15 gen. (c. 560), cosmopol. Fig. 4-11.1. Seirophora villosa. Thallus. 7. Teloschistes exilis. Thallus with apothecia. Leprocaulales. Leprocaulaceae. Calathaspis I.M.Lamb & W.A.Weber (1). – Carassea S.Stenroos (1). – Cetradonia J.C.Wei future experts who will maintain our knowledge of the full range of 8. Speerschneidera euploca. Thallus. (Orig., phot. R. Lücking) (Scale bar 3, 5–8: 10 mm; 1–2, 4: 1 mm) & Ahti (1). – Cladia Nyl. (incl. Heterodea Nyl., Ramalinora Lumbsch, Rambold & Elix; 25). Earth’s . Sample page from Syllabus of Plant Families Part 1/2

The Syllabus of Plant Families is a mandatory reference for students, experts and researchers from all fi elds of biological sciences, particularly .

Borntraeger Science Publishers Stuttgart BJohannesstr. 3A, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany. Tel. +49 (711) 351456-0 Fax. +49 (711) 351456-99 [email protected] www.borntraeger-cramer.de 1/2 Ascomycota Syllabus of Plant Families

Contents Abbreviations, Symbols ...... IX 4.3 ...... 41 ...... 208 1 Introduction ...... 1 ...... 41 ...... 224 2 Ascomycota ...... 2 Coniocybomycetes ...... 46 Hypocreomycetidae ...... 224 2.1 Introduction ...... 2 ...... 46 Sordariomycetidae ...... 238 2.2 Characterization and systematic ...... 99 Xylariomycetidae ...... 254 arrangement ...... 2 Chaetothyriomycetidae...... 99 Xylonomycetes...... 280 3 Synopsis of classifi cation of the Eurotiomycetidae ...... 105 Pezizomycotina, ordincsed...... 281 Ascomycota ...... 14 Mycocaliciomycetidae ...... 111 Pezizomycotina, famincsed...... 282 4 Systematic arrangement of taxa...... 28 ...... 114 Pezizomycotina, genincsed...... 285 Ascomycota ...... 28 Lecanoromycetes...... 117 5 Taxonomic novelties ...... 287 4.1 ...... 28 Acarosporomycetidae ...... 117 6 Appendix...... 288 Archaeorhizomycetes ...... 28 Candelariomycetidae ...... 117 Acknowledgements ...... 290 Neolectomycetes ...... 29 ...... 118 Sources of Illustrations ...... 290 ...... 30 Ostropomycetidae ...... 138 Index to Taxa...... 291 ...... 30 Umbilicariomycetidae ...... 150 ...... 31 ...... 157 4.2 ...... 32 ...... 205 ...... 32 Orbiliomycetes ...... 206 Backlist Part 1/1 Part 3 Blue-, Myxomycetes and and Myxomycete-like organisms, seedless Vascular Plants Phytoparasitic , Heterotrophic Syllabus of Plant Families Heterokontobionta and Fungi p.p. Wolfgang Frey (Editor) Syllabus of Plant Families Wolfgang Frey (Editor) 2009. X, 419 pp., 72 fi gs, 1 tab., hardcover, 25 x 17 cm ISBN 978-3-443-01063-8 89.– € 2012. 178 pp., 55 fi gs, hardcover, 25 x 17 cm www.borntraeger-cramer.com/9783443010638 ISBN 978-3-443-01061-4 68.– € www.borntraeger-cramer.com/9783443010614 Part 4 Part 2/1 Pinopsida (Gymnosperms), Magnoliopsida (Angiosperms) p.p. Photoautotrophic eukaryotic Algae Syllabus of Plant Families Syllabus of Plant Families Wolfgang Frey (Editor) Wolfgang Frey (Editor) 2015. XI, 495 pp., 127 colour plates, 1 tab., 2015. X, 324 pp., 67 fi gs hardcover, 25 x 17 cm hardcover, 25 x 17 cm ISBN 978-3-443-01087-4 139.– € ISBN 978-3-443-01083-6 89.– € www.borntraeger-cramer.com/9783443010874 www.borntraeger-cramer.com/9783443010836

Forthcoming parts (preliminary): Part 1/3 Part 2/2 Rhodobionta Part 5 Seed Plants, (2)

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