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Global Biodiversity Patterns of the Photobionts Associated with the Genus Cladonia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota)
Microbial Ecology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01633-3 FUNGAL MICROBIOLOGY Global Biodiversity Patterns of the Photobionts Associated with the Genus Cladonia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) Raquel Pino-Bodas1 & Soili Stenroos2 Received: 19 August 2020 /Accepted: 22 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract The diversity of lichen photobionts is not fully known. We studied here the diversity of the photobionts associated with Cladonia, a sub-cosmopolitan genus ecologically important, whose photobionts belong to the green algae genus Asterochloris. The genetic diversity of Asterochloris was screened by using the ITS rDNA and actin type I regions in 223 specimens and 135 species of Cladonia collected all over the world. These data, added to those available in GenBank, were compiled in a dataset of altogether 545 Asterochloris sequences occurring in 172 species of Cladonia. A high diversity of Asterochloris associated with Cladonia was found. The commonest photobiont lineages associated with this genus are A. glomerata, A. italiana,andA. mediterranea. Analyses of partitioned variation were carried out in order to elucidate the relative influence on the photobiont genetic variation of the following factors: mycobiont identity, geographic distribution, climate, and mycobiont phylogeny. The mycobiont identity and climate were found to be the main drivers for the genetic variation of Asterochloris. The geographical distribution of the different Asterochloris lineages was described. Some lineages showed a clear dominance in one or several climatic regions. In addition, the specificity and the selectivity were studied for 18 species of Cladonia. Potentially specialist and generalist species of Cladonia were identified. A correlation was found between the sexual reproduction frequency of the host and the frequency of certain Asterochloris OTUs. -
1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska A, , Frank Kauff B,1, Filip Högnabba C, Jeffrey C
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10, Soili Stenroos c,10 a Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA b FB Biologie, Molecular Phylogenetics, 13/276, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany c Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland d Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 358 ESC, 21 Sachem Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA e Institut für Botanik, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria f Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdan´sk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdan´sk, Poland g Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. -
An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi
Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 4-10. 2012. *pdf available online 3January2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi 1 BRENDAN P. HODKINSON ABSTRACT. – A taxonomic scheme for lichens and allied fungi that synthesizes scientific knowledge from a variety of sources is presented. The system put forth here is intended both (1) to provide a skeletal outline of the lichens and allied fungi that can be used as a provisional filing and databasing scheme by lichen herbarium/data managers and (2) to announce the online presence of an official taxonomy that will define the scope of the newly formed International Committee for the Nomenclature of Lichens and Allied Fungi (ICNLAF). The online version of the taxonomy presented here will continue to evolve along with our understanding of the organisms. Additionally, the subfamily Fissurinoideae Rivas Plata, Lücking and Lumbsch is elevated to the rank of family as Fissurinaceae. KEYWORDS. – higher-level taxonomy, lichen-forming fungi, lichenized fungi, phylogeny INTRODUCTION Traditionally, lichen herbaria have been arranged alphabetically, a scheme that stands in stark contrast to the phylogenetic scheme used by nearly all vascular plant herbaria. The justification typically given for this practice is that lichen taxonomy is too unstable to establish a reasonable system of classification. However, recent leaps forward in our understanding of the higher-level classification of fungi, driven primarily by the NSF-funded Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFToL) project (Lutzoni et al. 2004), have caused the taxonomy of lichen-forming and allied fungi to increase significantly in stability. This is especially true within the class Lecanoromycetes, the main group of lichen-forming fungi (Miadlikowska et al. -
H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education the Field Museum 1400
H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education The Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, Illinois 60605 USA Tel: 1-312-665-7881 E-mail: [email protected] Research interests Evolution and Systematics of Fungi Biogeography and Diversification Rates of Fungi Species delimitation Diversity of lichen-forming fungi Professional Experience Since 2017 Vice President, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago. USA 2014-2017 Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2014 Curator, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2013-2014 Associate Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2009-2013 Chair, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2011 MacArthur Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2006-2014 Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2005-2009 Head of Cryptogams, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2004 Member, Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago. Courses: BIOS 430 Evolution (UIC), BIOS 23410 Complex Interactions: Coevolution, Parasites, Mutualists, and Cheaters (U of C) Reading group: Phylogenetic methods. 2003-2006 Assistant Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 1998-2003 Privatdozent (Assistant Professor), Botanical Institute, University – GHS - Essen. Lectures: General Botany, Evolution of lower plants, Photosynthesis, Courses: Cryptogams, Biology -
Lichens and Associated Fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
The Lichenologist (2020), 52,61–181 doi:10.1017/S0024282920000079 Standard Paper Lichens and associated fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska Toby Spribille1,2,3 , Alan M. Fryday4 , Sergio Pérez-Ortega5 , Måns Svensson6, Tor Tønsberg7, Stefan Ekman6 , Håkon Holien8,9, Philipp Resl10 , Kevin Schneider11, Edith Stabentheiner2, Holger Thüs12,13 , Jan Vondrák14,15 and Lewis Sharman16 1Department of Biological Sciences, CW405, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada; 2Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; 3Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA; 4Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; 5Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), Departamento de Micología, Calle Claudio Moyano 1, E-28014 Madrid, Spain; 6Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; 7Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen Allégt. 41, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; 8Faculty of Bioscience and Aquaculture, Nord University, Box 2501, NO-7729 Steinkjer, Norway; 9NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; 10Faculty of Biology, Department I, Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany; 11Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; 12Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; 13Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; 14Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 15Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic and 16Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, P.O. -
A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families
A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oliver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., ... & Stenroos, S. (2014). A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 79, 132-168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 Elsevier Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10, -
Hypotrachyna Revoluta Species Fact Sheet
SPECIES FACT SHEET Common Name: Gray loop lichen Scientific Name: Hypotrachyna revoluta (Flörk) Hale Division: Ascomycota Class: Ascomycetes Order: Lecanorales Family: Parmeliaceae Technical Description: The genus Hypotrachyna is comprised of small foliose lichens, averaging 1-4 cm wide but up to 10 cm wide. The thallus is loosely appressed or loosely attached with ascending lobe tips. Soredia are present in Pacific Northwest specimens. Thallus lobes are thin and narrow, averaging 1-5 mm wide, and the sinuses between lobes are conspicuously rounded. The upper surface is greenish or grayish and somewhat shiny; the lower surface is black and shiny with forked rhizines that extend to or protrude beyond the lobe margins. The medulla is white and the photobiont is green. Apothecia are rare. (Goward et al. 1994, McCune and Geiser 1997, Johnson and Galloway 1999, Chen et al. 2003). Hypotrachyna revoluta is grayish, bluish, or if somewhat greenish, then not yellowish green. The lobes are relatively short and broad. Cilia at the margins are absent or if present, very sparse and less than 1 mm long. The soralia are broad and diffuse, with the loosely packed soredia giving them a coarse appearance. The rhizines are sparsely branched and are sparse to moderately dense, being progressively better developed toward the thallus center. The medulla is P-, K-, C+R, KC+R and the cortex is K+Y. This lichen is distinguished from similar species in the Pacific Northwest by the color of its upper surface in combination with lobe shape, soralia shape and characteristics of the cilia and rhizines (Goward et al. -
Cladonia Norvegica Species Fact Sheet
SPECIES FACT SHEET Common Name: least powderhorn Scientific Name: Cladonia norvegica Tønsb. & Holien Division: Ascomycota Class: Ascomycetes Order: Lecanorales Family: Cladoniaceae Technical Description: Primary thallus of small leaf-like flaps (squamules) attached at their base to the substrate, with a green cortex on the upper surface and white or pale beneath, without a cortex; squamules 2 - 4 mm wide, deeply dissected, esorediate or with soredia beneath the tips. Hollow stalks (podetia) 1.5 - 3 cm tall, 0.5 - 2 mm wide, with thin cortex only at the base and occasionally just below the apothecia; podetia covered with fine soredia that are sparse in places, revealing the whitish hyphae of the medulla beneath; squamules rarely on the podetia;podetia tapering or cylindrical, narrow or thick, often with pycnidia at the tip instead of apothecia, rarely branched or with small cups. Apothecia, when present, resembling a pale brown bumpy head (capitate), wider than the podetium (see Peterson (no date) photograph referenced below). Photosynthetic partner (photosymbiont) a green alga (Trebouxia). Chemistry: P-, K-, UV+ bluish white Distinctive characters: P-, pale brown apothecia; podetia that are sorediate with only a small amount of cortex near the base. Similar species: Species in the genus Cladonia are difficult to identify because each can be so variable and because so many species exist in the Pacific Northwest. Thalli of several species are often found growing intermixed, so when working on a specimen, care must be taken to separate out podetia that look the same. Then do a P test: Cladonia coniocraea and C. ochrochloraoften occur with C. -
Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of Yosemite National Park, California
North American Fungi Volume 8, Number 11, Pages 1-47 Published September 9, 2013 Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of Yosemite National Park, California M. Hutten1, U. Arup2, O. Breuss3, T. L. Esslinger4, A. M. Fryday5, K. Knudsen6, J. C. Lendemer7, C. Printzen8, H. T. Root9, M. Schultz10, J. Sheard11, T. Tønsberg12, and B. McCune9 1Lassen Volcanic National Park, P.O. Box 100, Mineral, CA 96063 USA. 2Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00 Lund, Sweden 3Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Botanische Abteilung, Burgring 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria 4Dept. of Biological Sciences #2715, P.O. Box 6050, North Dakota State University, Fargo ND 58108, U.S.A. 5Dept. of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A. 6Dept. of Botany & Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A. 7New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126, U.S.A. 8Abt. Botanik & Molek. Evol., Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 9Dept. Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis OR 97331, U.S.A. 10Biocenter Klein Flottbek, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany 11Dept. of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada 12Museum of Natural History, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway Hutten, M., U. Arup, O. Breuss, T. L. Esslinger, A. M. Fryday, K. Knudsen, J. C. Lendemer, C. Printzen, H. T. Root, M. Schultz, J. Sheard, T. Tønsberg, and B. McCune. 2013. Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of Yosemite National Park, California. North American Fungi 8(11): 1-47. -
<I>Piccolia</I> (Biatorellaceae, Lichenized
Plant Ecology and Evolution 146 (3): 384–388, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2013.906 SHORT COMMUNICATION Three new species in the lichen genus Piccolia (Biatorellaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from the Palaeotropics Dries Van den Broeck1,*, André Aptroot2 & Damien Ertz1 1National Botanic Garden of Belgium, domein van Bouchout, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium. 2ABL Herbarium, Gerrit van der Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK Soest, The Netherlands. *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Background – As part of taxonomic revisions of tropical African lichens, two species of Piccolia are described as new to science while a third unknown one collected in the Solomon archipelago was kindly send to us by the second author. Material and Methods – Morphology was studied using a stereo and light microscope. Chemistry was studied with spot tests and TLC. Key results – P. congolensis Van den Broeck, Aptroot & Ertz sp. nov. was collected twice in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and is characterized notably by a thallus with KC+ orange soralia. The material recorded recently from Reunion Island as P. elmeri (Vain.) Hafellner was shown to represent a different species characterized by a completely dark brown excipulum and is described here as P. kalbii Van den Broeck & Ertz sp. nov. P. nivea Van den Broeck, Aptroot & Ertz sp. nov. is only known from the type location on the Solomon archipelago and is characterized by grey pruinose ascomata and a thallus resembling a leprose crust. A worldwide key to the genus is provided. Key words – Piccolia, Biatorellaceae, anthraquinones, Congo basin, Reunion Island, Solomon Islands, tropical forests. -
The Lichens of Italy – a Second Annotated Catalogue
The lichens of Italy – A second annotated catalogue Appello ai lichenologi italiani Prevedo di mandare in stampa la seconda versione annotata della Checklist dei Licheni d’Italia entro la prima metà del 2016. Di seguito trovate la lista dei 1188 lavori pubblicati dal 1993 ad oggi che sono riuscito a ‘digerire’ sino ad ora. Vi pregherei di confrontare questa lista con quella dei vostri lavori pubblicati dopo il 1993. Se trovate qualche lavoro non compreso nella lista che citi almeno una specie (anche comune) per l’Italia, vi sarei grato se poteste inviarmi il relativo pdf entro il 31 dicembre 2015 (se prima ancora meglio). grazie in anticipo! Pier Luigi Nimis Abramini V., Chiappetta D., Valcuvia-Passadore M. - 2008 - La flora lichenica della Valle del Lesina (Sondrio). - Not. Soc. Lich. Ital., 21: 25. Accattino E., Favero-Longo S.E., Borghi A., Piervittori R. - 2012 - Licheni e patine biologiche sui materiali lapidei della città di Torino: il caso dello gneiss di Villar Focchiardo. - Not. Soc. Lich. Ital., 25:41. Adamo P. - 1997 - Bioalterazione di rocce di natura vulcanica, dolomitica e mafica indotta da licheni. - Not. Soc. Lich. Ital., 10: 63-64. Adamo P., Marchetiello A., Violante P. - 1993 - The weathering of mafic rocks by lichens . - Lichenologist, 25, 3: 285- 297. Adamo P., Vingiani S., Violante P. - 2000 - I licheni Stereocaulon vesuvianum Pers. e Lecidea fuscoatra (L.) Ach. ed il muschio Grimmia pulvinata agenti di bioalterazione di una tefrite fonolitica dell' Etna (Sicilia) . - Not. Soc. Lich. Ital., 13: 63-64. Adamo P., Arienzo M., Pugliese M., Roca V., Violante P. - 2003 - Accumulo di radionuclidi nel tallo di Stereocaulon vesuvianum a seguito dell'incidente alla centrale elettronucleare di Chernobyl . -
Piedmont Lichen Inventory
PIEDMONT LICHEN INVENTORY: BUILDING A LICHEN BIODIVERSITY BASELINE FOR THE PIEDMONT ECOREGION OF NORTH CAROLINA, USA By Gary B. Perlmutter B.S. Zoology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 1991 A Thesis Submitted to the Staff of The North Carolina Botanical Garden University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Advisor: Dr. Johnny Randall As Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Certificate in Native Plant Studies 15 May 2009 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 2 This Final Project, whose results are reported herein with sections also published in the scientific literature, is dedicated to Daniel G. Perlmutter, who urged that I return to academia. And to Theresa, Nichole and Dakota, for putting up with my passion in lichenology, which brought them from southern California to the Traingle of North Carolina. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter I: The North Carolina Lichen Checklist…………………………………………………7 Chapter II: Herbarium Surveys and Initiation of a New Lichen Collection in the University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU)………………………………………………………..9 Chapter III: Preparatory Field Surveys I: Battle Park and Rock Cliff Farm……………………13 Chapter IV: Preparatory Field Surveys II: State Park Forays…………………………………..17 Chapter V: Lichen Biota of Mason Farm Biological Reserve………………………………….19 Chapter VI: Additional Piedmont Lichen Surveys: Uwharrie Mountains…………………...…22 Chapter VII: A Revised Lichen Inventory of North Carolina Piedmont …..…………………...23 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………..72 Appendices………………………………………………………………………………….…..73 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 4 INTRODUCTION Lichens are composite organisms, consisting of a fungus (the mycobiont) and a photosynthesising alga and/or cyanobacterium (the photobiont), which together make a life form that is distinct from either partner in isolation (Brodo et al.