DOCSLIB.ORG

<I>Cenchritis Muricatus</I>

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
<I>Cenchritis Muricatus</I> BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 84(3): 307–313, 2009 E FFECTS of DISTURBANCE on CENCHRITIS MURICATUS (BEADED PERIWINKLE) pOPULATIONS ON small islanDS in THE BAHAMAS Jonah Piovia-Scott ABSTRACT D isturbance can have multiple impacts on shoreline gastropods. This study compares populations of a common supralittoral snail on islands in exposed and protected areas; the former are subject to much more disturbance from wave ac- tion and storm surges. Cenchritis muricatus (Linnaeus, 1758) density was six times higher on protected islands than on exposed islands, representing 2.5 times more biomass. Contrary to expectation, individuals were larger on exposed islands than on protected islands (mean lengths were 26.1 mm and 20.0 mm, respectively); this difference was primarily explained by a significant negative relationship between body size and density coupled with the fact that exposed islands had lower densities. I suggest that periodic large disturbances and oceanographic processes associated with dispersal limit the abundance of C. muricatus on exposed islands, and that larger sizes on exposed islands were probably due to enhanced growth caused by reduced intraspecific competition. D isturbance can have profound impacts on ecological communities (Sousa, 1984; Pickett and White, 1985). These impacts have been particularly well-studied in shoreline ecosystems where disturbance, usually in the form of wave action, affects a wide variety of taxa (Dayton, 1971; Paine and Levin, 1981; Underwood, 1999; Walker et al., 2008). Gastropods are a common component of most shoreline ecosystems, and disturbance can affect gastropods both directly, by inhibiting settlement (Crisp, 1955; Sousa, 1979; Bushek, 1988; Pawlik and Butman, 1993) or dislodging individuals from the substrate (Boulding and van Alstyne, 1993; Trussell, 1997), and indirectly, by removing predators (Menge and Sutherland, 1976; Menge, 1978), competitors (Steffani and Branch, 2003a,b), or facilitators (Underwood, 1999). These direct and indirect effects can lead to either increased (Underwood and McFadyen, 1983; Brown and Quinn, 1988) or decreased (Menge and Sutherland, 1976; Boulding and van Al- styne, 1993) abundance in exposed sites. In contrast, there is a relatively consistent tendency for conspecific individuals to be smaller at exposed sites than at protected sites (e.g., Emson and Faller-Fritsch, 1976; Etter, 1989; Richardson and Brown, 1990; Trussell, 1997), a pattern usually attributed to increased susceptibility to dislodge- ment with size (Denny et al., 1985; Trussell et al., 1993) or changes in foraging be- havior that limit growth rate at exposed sites (Etter, 1996). This study examined the effects of disturbance on the abundance, size, and biomass of a common supralittoral gastropod by surveying populations on exposed and protected islands. The Exuma Cays in the central Bahamas (Fig. 1A) represent an ideal system for studying the effects of disturbance. Small islands in close physical proximity experi- ence very different disturbance regimes. Islands located in “creek” areas are sheltered from high wind and wave action, whereas islands outside of these sheltered areas are not. Exposed islands are also more affected by periodic large storms (Spiller et al., 1998), and the eyes of four hurricanes have passed within 130 km of the study sites in Bulletin of Marine Science 307 © 2009 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science of the University of Miami 308 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 3, 2009 Figure 1. Map of the study location in (A) Exuma Cays, the Bahamas indicating protected islands P and exposed islands E, (B) near Staniel Cay and (C) Great Exuma. the decade prior to this study (Hurricanes Lili 1996, Floyd 1999, Michelle 2001, and Frances 2004). The littorinid snail Cenchritis muricatus (Linnaeus, 1758) is the most abundant supralittoral gastropod on small islands in the Exuma Cays (pers. obs.). Cenchritis muricatus is common throughout the Caribbean, South Florida, and the Bahamas (Clench and Abbott, 1942; Abbott, 1954; Trussell, 1997), where it is distributed from the waterline up to at least 3.6 m in vertical height and 28 m in horizontal distance from the water’s edge (Lang et al., 1998; Emson et al., 2002). Organisms in this supra- littoral fringe habitat are thought to be regulated chiefly by abiotic factors (Vermeij, 1972a; Lang et al., 1998). I explored the effect of disturbance on C. muricatus by examining its abundance, size, and biomass on exposed and protected islands at two study sites in the Exuma Cays. Materials and Methods Study System.—This study was conducted in the Exuma island chain in the central Baha- mas (Fig. 1A) in September and October 2005. I surveyed 16 small islands (480–3033 m2) for C. muricatus, which inhabited all parts of each island. Eight islands were located near Staniel Cay, five of these were in “creek” areas protected on both sides by larger islands and three were on the exposed west side of the island chain (Fig. 1B). One of the exposed islands was a narrow peninsula of a slightly larger island. The remaining eight islands were located 100 km to the southwest, near Great Exuma. Four of these were on the exposed south side of the island while the other four were in a protected harbor on the north side (Fig. 1C). Sampling.—I surveyed C. muricatus populations on each island by counting and measur- ing all C. muricatus in circular plots with an area of 0.1963 m2 (0.25 m radius). Between 25 and 50 plots were distributed systematically on each study island using transects. First, I es- P IOVIA-SCOTT: EFFECT OF DISTURBANCE ON BEADED PERIWINKLES 309 tablished a primary transect across the longest axis of the island, beginning and ending at the high water line; I then established secondary transects perpendicular to the primary transect at regular intervals. Sampling plots were established at 2 m intervals along the secondary transects, starting 1 m from the high water line. I adjusted the spacing between secondary transects in order to sample a similar number of plots on each island. Cenchritis muricatus density was calculated as the mean number of individuals per plot on each island. Body size was measured as the length along the longest axis of the shell; I used the average length of sampled individuals on an island for analyses. The relative biomass of each individual was the cube of the height, which is proportional to the dry tissue mass (Borkowski, 1974); I calculated biomass as the mean relative biomass per plot on each island. Analysis.—Differences between exposed and protected islands in C. muricatus density, mean length, and biomass were analyzed using ANOVA, with exposure and study site as predictors. Protected islands and exposed islands did not differ in mean area (t-test:P = 0.77) or mean perimeter-to-area ratio (t-test: P = 0.63). I analyzed the effect of density on size using linear regression. All models were consistent with assumptions of homogeneity of variances and normality of residuals. Analyses were conducted using PROC GLM in SAS v 8.0 (SAS Institute, 1999). Results The number of snails counted and measured per island ranged from 2 to 432. There were significant differences inC. muricatus density, average length, and biomass be- tween exposed and protected islands. Protected islands had six times more individu- als per plot than exposed islands (ANOVA: F1,13 = 5.95, P = 0.030; Fig. 2A). Average C. muricatus length was greater on exposed islands (26.1 mm) than on protected islands (20.0 mm) (ANOVA: F1,13 = 11.65, P = 0.005; Fig. 2B). Average biomass per plot was 2.5 times larger on protected islands (ANOVA: F1,13 = 6.97, P = 0.020; Fig. 2C). There was a negative relationship between mean shell length and mean density (F1,14 = 38.36, P < 0.001; Fig. 3). This pattern was also evident on protected islands alone (F1,7 = 33.46, P < 0.001), but was not significant on exposed islands (F1,5 = 4.56, P = 0.086), although the trend was in the same direction. Discussion Cenchritis muricatus had higher densities and higher biomass on protected islands than on exposed islands, indicating that exposure to disturbance limits snail density and biomass. Individuals on exposed islands were larger than those on protected Figure 2. Cenchritis muricatus on protected (n = 9) and exposed (n = 7) islands: (A) Mean (± SE) number of individuals per plot, (B) mean (± SE) shell length of all measured individuals on an island, and (C) mean (± SE) biomass per plot. 310 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 3, 2009 Figure 3. Mean Cenchritis muricatus shell length and mean density per plot on protected (closed symbols) and exposed (open symbols) islands. Squares represent islands near Staniel Cay and circles represent islands near Great Exuma. Linear regression line is shown (R2 = 0.73). islands, but this effect may be explained primarily by the fact that these islands had lower densities. Since exposed islands have lower densities but larger individuals, the difference in biomass between protected and exposed islands is not as great as the difference in density. Four processes could contribute to the observed differences in C. muricatus den- sity, size, and biomass between exposed and protected islands: (1) removal by dis- turbance, (2) recruitment limitation, (3) intraspecific competition, and (4) predation. Interspecific competition is unlikely to be important, as C. muricatus is the only mollusc that regularly occurs over 1 m inland from the high water line on the study islands (pers. obs.). While other processes, such as parasitism, could be important, I do not have sufficient evidence to address them here. Exposed islands experience higher levels of erosive wind and wave action in the supralittoral zone (L. Yang, University of California-Davis, pers. comm.) and tend to be more affected by periodic large storms (Spiller et al., 1998).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Systematics and Ecology of the Mangrove-Dwelling Littoraria Species (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the Indo-Pacific
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Reid, David Gordon (1984) The systematics and ecology of the mangrove-dwelling Littoraria species (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the Indo-Pacific. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24120/ The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owner of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please contact [email protected] and quote http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24120/ THE SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY OF THE MANGROVE-DWELLING LITTORARIA SPECIES (GASTROPODA: LITTORINIDAE) IN THE INDO-PACIFIC VOLUME I Thesis submitted by David Gordon REID MA (Cantab.) in May 1984 . for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Zoology at James Cook University of North Queensland STATEMENT ON ACCESS I, the undersigned, the author of this thesis, understand that the following restriction placed by me on access to this thesis will not extend beyond three years from the date on which the thesis is submitted to the University. I wish to place restriction on access to this thesis as follows: Access not to be permitted for a period of 3 years. After this period has elapsed I understand that James Cook. University of North Queensland will make it available for use within the University Library and, by microfilm or other photographic means, allow access to users in other approved libraries. All uses consulting this thesis will have to sign the following statement: 'In consulting this thesis I agree not to copy or closely paraphrase it in whole or in part without the written consent of the author; and to make proper written acknowledgement for any assistance which I have obtained from it.' David G.
    [Show full text]
  • Resistant Pseudosuccinea Columella Snails to Fasciola Hepatica (Trematoda) Infection in Cuba : Ecological, Molecular and Phenotypical Aspects Annia Alba Menendez
    Comparative biology of susceptible and naturally- resistant Pseudosuccinea columella snails to Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) infection in Cuba : ecological, molecular and phenotypical aspects Annia Alba Menendez To cite this version: Annia Alba Menendez. Comparative biology of susceptible and naturally- resistant Pseudosuccinea columella snails to Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) infection in Cuba : ecological, molecular and phe- notypical aspects. Parasitology. Université de Perpignan; Instituto Pedro Kouri (La Havane, Cuba), 2018. English. NNT : 2018PERP0055. tel-02133876 HAL Id: tel-02133876 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02133876 Submitted on 20 May 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Délivré par UNIVERSITE DE PERPIGNAN VIA DOMITIA En co-tutelle avec Instituto “Pedro Kourí” de Medicina Tropical Préparée au sein de l’ED305 Energie Environnement Et des unités de recherche : IHPE UMR 5244 / Laboratorio de Malacología Spécialité : Biologie Présentée par Annia ALBA MENENDEZ Comparative biology of susceptible and naturally- resistant Pseudosuccinea columella snails to Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) infection in Cuba: ecological, molecular and phenotypical aspects Soutenue le 12 décembre 2018 devant le jury composé de Mme. Christine COUSTAU, Rapporteur Directeur de Recherche CNRS, INRA Sophia Antipolis M. Philippe JARNE, Rapporteur Directeur de recherche CNRS, CEFE, Montpellier Mme.
    [Show full text]
  • Temperature and Relative Humidity Effects on Water Loss and Hemolymph Osmolality of Littoraria Angulifera (Lamarck, 1822)
    University of Texas Rio Grande Valley ScholarWorks @ UTRGV UTB/UTPA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Legacy Institution Collections 4-2014 Temperature and relative humidity effects on water loss and hemolymph osmolality of Littoraria angulifera (Lamarck, 1822) Phillip J. Rose The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/leg_etd Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Environmental Sciences Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Recommended Citation Rose, Phillip J., "Temperature and relative humidity effects on water loss and hemolymph osmolality of Littoraria angulifera (Lamarck, 1822)" (2014). UTB/UTPA Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 39. https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/leg_etd/39 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Legacy Institution Collections at ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. It has been accepted for inclusion in UTB/UTPA Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Temperature and Relative Humidity Effects on Water Loss and Hemolymph Osmolality of Littoraria angulifera (Lamarck, 1822) A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of Science, Mathematics and Technology University of Texas at Brownsville In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In the field of Biology by Phillip J. Rose April 2014 Copyright By Phillip J. Rose April 2014 Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge and especially thank the many people who assisted and/or contributed to this project in some way, shape, or form…………..and there were many! First, I would like to say a big thank you to the thesis committee comprised of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Gastropod Molluscs of the Southern Area Of
    PAIDEIA XXI Vol. 10, Nº 2, Lima, julio-diciembre 2020, pp. 289-310 ISSN Versión Impresa: 2221-7770; ISSN Versión Electrónica: 2519-5700 http://revistas.urp.edu.pe/index.php/Paideia ORIGINAL ARTICLE / ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL GASTROPOD MOLLUSCS OF THE SOUTHERN AREA OF CIENFUEGOS, FROM THE BEACH RANCHO LUNA TO THE MOUTH OF THE ARIMAO RIVER, CUBA MOLUSCOS GASTRÓPODOS DE LA ZONA SUR DE CIENFUEGOS, DESDE PLAYA RANCHO LUNA HASTA LA DESEMBOCADURA DEL RÍO ARIMAO, CUBA Oneida Calzadilla-Milian1*; Rafael Armiñana-García2,*; José Alexis Sarría- Martínez1; Rigoberto Fimia-Duarte3; Jose Iannacone4,5; Raiden Grandía- Guzmán6 & Yolepsy Castillo-Fleites2 1* Universidad de Cienfuegos «Carlos Rafael Rodríguez», Cienfuegos, Cuba. E-mail: ocalzadilla@ ucf.edu.cu; [email protected] 2 Universidad Central «Marta Abreu» de Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba. E-mail: rarminana@uclv. cu / ycfl [email protected] 3 Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud y Enfermería (FTSE). Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara (UCM-VC), Cuba. E-mail: rigoberto.fi [email protected] 4 Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal (LEBA). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas (FCNNM). Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal (UNFV). Lima, Perú. 5 Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Universidad Ricardo Palma (URP). Lima, Perú. E-mail: [email protected] 6 Centro Nacional para la Producción de Animales de Laboratorio (CENPALAB), La Habana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] * Author for correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRACT The research presented shows a malacological survey of Cienfuegos' southern area, from “Rancho Luna” beach to the mouth of the “Arimao River”. The malacological studies ranged from January 2018 to December of the same year.
    [Show full text]
  • 44-Sep-2016.Pdf
    Page 2 Vol. 44, No. 3 In 1972, a group of shell collectors saw the need for a national organization devoted to the interests of shell collec- tors; to the beauty of shells, to their scientific aspects, and to the collecting and preservation of mollusks. This was the start of COA. Our member- AMERICAN CONCHOLOGIST, the official publication of the Conchol- ship includes novices, advanced collectors, scientists, and shell dealers ogists of America, Inc., and issued as part of membership dues, is published from around the world. In 1995, COA adopted a conservation resolution: quarterly in March, June, September, and December, printed by JOHNSON Whereas there are an estimated 100,000 species of living mollusks, many PRESS OF AMERICA, INC. (JPA), 800 N. Court St., P.O. Box 592, Pontiac, IL 61764. All correspondence should go to the Editor. ISSN 1072-2440. of great economic, ecological, and cultural importance to humans and Articles in AMERICAN CONCHOLOGIST may be reproduced with whereas habitat destruction and commercial fisheries have had serious ef- proper credit. We solicit comments, letters, and articles of interest to shell fects on mollusk populations worldwide, and whereas modern conchology collectors, subject to editing. Opinions expressed in “signed” articles are continues the tradition of amateur naturalists exploring and documenting those of the authors, and are not necessarily the opinions of Conchologists the natural world, be it resolved that the Conchologists of America endors- of America. All correspondence pertaining to articles published herein es responsible scientific collecting as a means of monitoring the status of or generated by reproduction of said articles should be directed to the Edi- mollusk species and populations and promoting informed decision making tor.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial DNA Hyperdiversity and Population Genetics in the Periwinkle Melarhaphe Neritoides (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
    Mitochondrial DNA hyperdiversity and population genetics in the periwinkle Melarhaphe neritoides (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Séverine Fourdrilis Université Libre de Bruxelles | Faculty of Sciences Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences | Directorate Taxonomy & Phylogeny Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Sciences, Biology Date of the public viva: 28 June 2017 © 2017 Fourdrilis S. ISBN: The research presented in this thesis was conducted at the Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and in the Evolutionary Ecology Group of the Free University of Brussels (ULB), Brussels, Belgium. This research was funded by the Belgian federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO Action 1 MO/36/027). It was conducted in the context of the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) research community ‘‘Belgian Network for DNA barcoding’’ (W0.009.11N) and the Joint Experimental Molecular Unit at the RBINS. Please refer to this work as: Fourdrilis S (2017) Mitochondrial DNA hyperdiversity and population genetics in the periwinkle Melarhaphe neritoides (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca: Gastropoda). PhD thesis, Free University of Brussels. ii PROMOTERS Prof. Dr. Thierry Backeljau (90 %, RBINS and University of Antwerp) Prof. Dr. Patrick Mardulyn (10 %, Free University of Brussels) EXAMINATION COMMITTEE Prof. Dr. Thierry Backeljau (RBINS and University of Antwerp) Prof. Dr. Sofie Derycke (RBINS and Ghent University) Prof. Dr. Jean-François Flot (Free University of Brussels) Prof. Dr. Marc Kochzius (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) Prof. Dr. Patrick Mardulyn (Free University of Brussels) Prof. Dr. Nausicaa Noret (Free University of Brussels) iii Acknowledgements Let’s be sincere. PhD is like heaven! You savour each morning this taste of paradise, going at work to work on your passion, science.
    [Show full text]
  • Periwinkles (Gastropoda, Littorinidae) As a Model for Studying Patterns and Dynamics of Marine Biodiversity by Thierry BACKELJAU, Antonio M
    BULLETIN DE L’INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE, BIOLOGIE, 71-SUPPL.: 43-65, 2001 BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN, BIOLOGIE, 71-SUPPL.: 43-65, 2001 Periwinkles (Gastropoda, Littorinidae) as a model for studying patterns and dynamics of marine biodiversity by Thierry BACKELJAU, Antonio M. FRIAS MARTINS, Elizabeth GOSLING, John GRAHAME, Peter MILL, Carlos BRITO, Andrea CLARKE, Roberto MEDEIROS, Maureen SMALL, Craig WILDING, Iain WILSON, Birgitta WINNEPENNINCKX, Richard CLARKE, & Hans DE WOLF A b str a c t intraspecifique, ils ne représentent pas suffisamment la diversité non-moléculaire pertinente du point de vue d’évolution. This paper presents a summary synthesis of an international EC- Mots-clés: Gastropoda, Littorinidae, biodiversité marine, généti­ funded research program in which periwinkles are used as a model que de populations, taxonomie, systématique moléculaire. group to study patterns and dynamics in marine biodiversity. In the first part of the paper, a number of techniques and markers to assess biodiversity in periwinkles are illustrated and evaluated, while Introduction protocols for DNA-extraction, Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphisms (SSCP) and PCR-amplification of a number of nu­ clear and mitochondrial DNA markers are provided. The second Biodiversity can be defined as “The variability among living part of the paper presents a brief overview of the application of organisms from all sources, including inter alia terrestrial, these techniques in the analysis of genetic diversity in two periwin­ marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological com­ kle taxa with contrasting developmental modes, viz. Littorina plexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within striata and the L.
    [Show full text]
  • FAU Institutional Repository
    FAU Institutional Repository http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/fauir This paper was submitted by the faculty of FAU’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Notice: ©2002 Springer‐Verlag. This manuscript is a version of an article with the final publication found online at http://www.springerlink.com and may be cited as: Emson, R. H., D. Morritt, E. B. Andrews and C. M. Young (2002) Life on a hot dry beach: behavioural, physiological, and ultrastructural adaptations of the littorinid gastropod Cenchritis (Tectarius) muricatus, Marine Biology 140: 723–732 DOI 10.1007/s00227‐001‐0738‐9 Marine Biology (2002) 140: 723–732 DOI 10.1007/s00227-001-0738-9 R.H. Emson Æ D. Morritt Æ E.B. Andrews Æ C.M. Young Life on a hot dry beach: behavioural, physiological, and ultrastructural adaptations of the littorinid gastropod Cenchritis (Tectarius) muricatus Received: 15 June 2001 / Accepted: 9 October 2001 / Published online: 8 February 2002 Ó Springer-Verlag 2002 Abstract The distribution and abundance of the littori- haemolymph concentration are greatest in the early pe- nid gastropod Cenchritis (Tectarius) muricatus were de- riod of desiccation. The concentration of the blood after termined on an exposed shore at Lee Stocking Island, 20 weeks is 250% of the original and the water lost is of Bahamas in July/August 1995 and June 1999. Activity the order of 22.5%. After an initial increase there ap- patterns were observed on two occasions shortly before pears to be evidence of regulation of haemolymph con- a hurricane passed near the island in 1995. C. muricatus centration possibly by exchange with free water in the extended from the low water mark to 3.6 m vertical shell itself.
    [Show full text]
  • Cenchritis Muricatus(Beaded Periwinkle) Populations on Small Islands in the Bahamas
    UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology Cenchritis muricatus (Beaded Periwinkle) Superfamily: Littorinoidea (Winkles) Class: Gastropoda (Snails and Slugs) Phylum: Mollusca (Molluscs) Fig. 1. Beaded periwinkle, Cenchritis muricatus. [https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3908/14239642767_ecc94d9f5f_b.jpg, downloaded 6 April 2015] TRAITS. The beaded periwinkle Cenchritis muricatus, previously known as Tectarius muricatus, is a sea snail species that belongs to the family Littorinidae (GBIF.org, 2011). They have a single shell that is asymmetrically coiled around an anterior-posterior axis; the shell at the apex (tip) of the spire is the oldest, with additional whorls added as the snail grows (De Victor and Crowe, 2010). The shell is a cream colour, with pale pink at the top, and has six to seven whorls with its distinctive bumps or beads which identify this species (Fig. 1). The size of the shell is usually about 10-12mm in the adult stage (Wikipedia, 2014). UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology DISTRIBUTION. It resides mainly in the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Lesser Antilles (Fig. 2), including Trinidad and Tobago (Wikipedia, 2014). HABITAT AND ACTIVITY. The numbers of C. muricatus were examined in the Bahamas during July-August 1995 and June 1999 (Emson et al., 2002), just after a hurricane had swept over this country in 1995. C. muricatus were found from lowest tide mark, but the highest densities were found above the high tide mark. They were inactive during daylight hours and on nights with little or no rain or humidity, especially for those that were not close to the water’s edge (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Characterization of a Synthetic Hydrophilic Antifungal Peptide Derived from the Marine Snail Cenchritis Muricatus
    Biochimie 94 (2012) 968e974 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Biochimie journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biochi Research paper Functional characterization of a synthetic hydrophilic antifungal peptide derived from the marine snail Cenchritis muricatus Carlos López-Abarrategui a, Annia Alba b, Osmar N. Silva d, Osvaldo Reyes-Acosta c, Ilka M. Vasconcelos f, Jose T.A. Oliveira f, Ludovico Migliolo d, Maysa P. Costa g, Carolina R. Costa g, Maria R.R. Silva g, Hilda E. Garay c, Simoni C. Dias d, Octávio L. Franco d,e, Anselmo J. Otero-González a,* a Centro de Estudios de Proteínas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 entre J e I, Vedado, Municipio Plaza, La Habana 10400, Cuba b Subdirección de Parasitología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Pedro Kourí”, La Habana, Cuba c Sección de Síntesis Química, Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología, La Habana, Cuba d Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, UCB. Brasília, DF, Brazil e Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil f Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil g Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, GO, Brazil article info abstract Article history: Antimicrobial peptides have been found in mollusks and other sea animals. In this report, a crude extract Received 2 August 2011 of the marine snail Cenchritis muricatus was evaluated against human pathogens responsible for multiple Accepted 17 December 2011 deleterious effects and diseases. A peptide of 1485.26 Da was purified by reversed-phase HPLC and Available online 24 December 2011 functionally characterized.
    [Show full text]
  • Molluscan Communities of the Florida Keys and Adjacent Areas
    Molluscan Communities of the Florida Keys and Adjacent Areas Molluscan Communities of the Florida Keys and Adjacent Areas Edward J. Petuch Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA Robert F. Myers Coral Graphics/Seaclicks, Wellington, Florida, USA Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140908 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-4919-4 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or uti- lized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopy- ing, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
    [Show full text]
  • Littorinidae
    WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base Family: LITTORINIDAE Author: Claudio Galli - [email protected] (updated 07/set/2015) Class: GASTROPODA --- Clade: CAENOGASTROPODA-HYPSOGASTROPODA-LITTORINIMORPHA-LITTORINOIDEA ------ Family: LITTORINIDAE Children, 1834 (Sea) - Alphabetic order - when first name is in bold the species has images Taxa=959, Genus=31, Subgenus=11, Species=239, Subspecies=16, Synonyms=661, Images=178 aberrans , Littoraria aberrans (R.A. Philippi, 1846) abjecta, Echinolittorina abjecta A. Adams, 1852 - syn of: Echinolittorina atrata (A. Adams, 1852) abyssicola, Lacuna abyssicola J.C. Melvill & R. Standen, 1912 abyssorum , Lacuna abyssorum É.A.A. Locard, 1896 - syn of: Benthonella tenella (J.G. Jeffreys, 1869) acuminata , Littorina acuminata A.A. Gould, 1849 - syn of: Littoraria undulata (J.E. Gray, 1839) acuta , Austrolittorina acuta R.A. Philippi, 1847 - syn of: Austrolittorina unifasciata (J.E. Gray, 1826) acutispira , Afrolittorina acutispira (E.A. Smith, 1892) acutispira , Nodilittorina acutispira E.A. Smith, 1892 - syn of: Afrolittorina acutispira (E.A. Smith, 1892) adonis , Palustorina adonis M. Yokoyama, 1927 - syn of: Littoraria sinensis (R.A. Philippi, 1847) adonis , Littorina adonis M. Yokoyama, 1927 - syn of: Littoraria sinensis (R.A. Philippi, 1847) aestualis , Laevilitorina aestualis H. Strebel, 1908 - syn of: Laevilitorina caliginosa (A.A. Gould, 1849) affinis , Tectarius affinis D'Orbigny, 1839 - syn of: Tectarius striatus (P.P. King, 1832) affinis , Littorina affinis D'Orbigny, 1840 - syn of: Tectarius striatus (P.P. King, 1832) africana , Afrolittorina africana (C.F.F. von Krauss in R.A. Philippi, 1847) africana , Nodilittorina africana C.F.F. von Krauss in R.A. Philippi, 1847 - syn of: Afrolittorina africana (C.F.F. von Krauss in R.A.
    [Show full text]