NATION WIDE PUBLIC WATER POINT MAPPING | a Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE)
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BARGUNA District: AMTALI Upazila/Thana: Slno Eiin Name Of
Upazila/Thana Wise list of Institutes District: BARGUNA Upazila/Thana: AMTALI Slno Eiin Name of the Institution Vil/Road Mobile 1 134886 SOUTH BENGAL IDEAL SCHOOL AND COLLEGE AMTALI 01734041282 2 100022 MAFIZ UDDIN GIRLS PILOT HIGH SCHOOL UPZILA ROAD 01718101316 3 138056 PURBO CHAWRA GOVT. PRIMARY SCHOOL PATAKATA 01714828397 4 100051 UTTAR TIAKHALI JUNIOR GIRLS HIGH SCHOOL UTTAR TIAKHALI 01736712503 5 100016 CHARAKGACHIA SECONDARY SCHOOL CHARAKGACHIA 01734083480 6 100046 KHAGDON JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL KHAGDON 01725966348 7 100028 SHAHEED SOHRAWARDI SECONDARY SCHOOL KUKUA 01719765468 8 100044 GHATKHALI HIGH SCHOOL GHATKHALI 01748265596 9 100038 KALAGACHIA YUNUS A K JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL KALAGACHIA 01757959215 10 100042 K H AKOTA JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL KALAGACHHIA 01735437438 11 100039 HALIMA KHATUN G R GIRLS HIGH SCHOOL GULISHAMALI 01721789762 12 100034 KHEKUANI HIGH SCHOOL KHEKUANI 01737227025 13 100023 GOZ-KHALI(MLT) HIGH SCHOOL GOZKHALI 01720485877 14 100037 ATHARAGACHIA SECONDARY SCHOOL ATHARAGACHIA 01712343508 15 100017 EAST CHILA RAHMANIA HIGH SCHOOL PURBA CHILA 01716203073,011 90276935 16 100009 LOCHA JUUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LOCHA 01553487462 17 100048 MODDHO CHANDRA JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL MODDHO CHANDRA 01748247502 18 100020 CHALAVANGA HIGH SCHOOL PRO CHALAVANGA 01726175459 19 100011 AMTALI A.K. PILOT HIGH SCHOOL 437, A K SCHOOL ROAD, AMTALI 01716296310 20 100026 ARPAN GASHIA HIGH SCHOOL ARPAN GASHIA 01724183205 21 100018 TARIKATA SECONDARY SCHOOL TARIKATA 01714588243 22 100014 SHAKHRIA HIGH SCHOOL SHAKHARIA 01712040882 23 100021 CHUNAKHALI HIGH -
PDF of Water Point Coding Booklet.Pdf
How to Use This Booklet to Assign Water Point Identification Code: Assuming that a contractor or a driller is to install a Shallow Tube Well with No. 6 Pump in BEMARTA union of BAGERHAT SADAR uapzila in BAGERHAR district. This water point will be installed in year 2010 by a GOB-Unicef project. The site of installation is a bazaar. The steps to assign water point code (Figure 1) are as follows: Y Y Y Y R O O W W Z Z T T U U V V N N N Figure 1: Format of Geocode Based Water Point Identification Code Step 1: Write water point year of installation as the first 4 digits indicated by YYYY. For this example, it is 2010. Step 2: Select land use type (R) code from Table R (page no. ). For this example, a bazaar for rural commercial purpose, so it is 4. Step 3: Select water point type of ownership (OO) from Table OO (page no. ) . For this example, it is 05. Step 4: Select water point type (WW) code from Table WW (page no. ). For this example, water point type is Shallow Tube Well with No. 6 Pump. Therefore its code is 01. Step 5: Assign district (ZZ), upazila (TT) and union (UU) GEO Code for water point following the alphabetical index of this booklet. If district name starts with ‘B’, follow ‘AB’ index. The GEO codes are as follows: for BAGERGAT district, ZZ is 1; for BAGERHAR SADAR upazila, TT is 8; and for BEMARTA union, UU is 25. Step 6: Assign 00 to village (VV) code until village GEO code is developed and made available. -
Situation Assessment Report in S-W Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change Project (BGD/01/004/01/99) SITUATION ASSESSMENT REPORT IN S-W COASTAL REGION OF BANGLADESH (JUNE, 2009) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) Acknowledgements The present study on livelihoods adaptation was conducted under the project Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change, project phase-II (LACC-II), a sub-component of the Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP), funded by UNDP, EU and DFID which is being implemented by the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) with technical support of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), UN. The Project Management Unit is especially thankful to Dr Stephan Baas, Lead Technical Advisor (Environment, Climate Change and Bioenergy Division (NRC), FAO, Rome) and Dr Ramasamy Selvaraju, Environment Officer (NRC Division, FAO, Rome) for their overall technical guidance and highly proactive initiatives. The final document and the development of the project outputs are direct results of their valuable insights received on a regular basis. The inputs in the form of valuable information provided by Field Officers (Monitoring) of four coastal Upazilas proved very useful in compiling the report. The reports of the upazilas are very informative and well presented. In the course of the study, the discussions with a number of DAE officials at central and field level were found insightful. In devising the fieldwork the useful contributions from the DAE field offices in four study upazilas and in district offices of Khulna and Pirojpur was significant. The cooperation with the responsible SAAOs in four upazilas was also highly useful. The finalization of the study report has benefited from the valuable inputs, comments and suggestions received from various agencies such as DAE, Climate Change Cell, SRDI (Central and Regional offices), and others. -
Farmers' Organizations in Bangladesh: a Mapping and Capacity
Farmers’ Organizations in Bangladesh: Investment Centre Division A Mapping and Capacity Assessment Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Viale delle Terme di Caracalla – 00153 Rome, Italy. Bangladesh Integrated Agricultural Productivity Project Technical Assistance Component FAO Representation in Bangladesh House # 37, Road # 8, Dhanmondi Residential Area Dhaka- 1205. iappta.fao.org I3593E/1/01.14 Farmers’ Organizations in Bangladesh: A Mapping and Capacity Assessment Bangladesh Integrated Agricultural Productivity Project Technical Assistance Component Food and agriculture organization oF the united nations rome 2014 Photo credits: cover: © CIMMYt / s. Mojumder. inside: pg. 1: © FAO/Munir uz zaman; pg. 4: © FAO / i. nabi Khan; pg. 6: © FAO / F. Williamson-noble; pg. 8: © FAO / i. nabi Khan; pg. 18: © FAO / i. alam; pg. 38: © FAO / g. napolitano; pg. 41: © FAO / i. nabi Khan; pg. 44: © FAO / g. napolitano; pg. 47: © J.F. lagman; pg. 50: © WorldFish; pg. 52: © FAO / i. nabi Khan. Map credit: the map on pg. xiii has been reproduced with courtesy of the university of texas libraries, the university of texas at austin. the designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and agriculture organization of the united nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. the mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. -
Geosmin Off-Flavour in Pond-Raised Fish in Southern Bangladesh and Occurrence of Potential Off-Flavour Producing Organisms
Vol. 5: 107–116, 2014 AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS Published online May 8 doi: 10.3354/aei00100 Aquacult Environ Interact OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Geosmin off-flavour in pond-raised fish in southern Bangladesh and occurrence of potential off-flavour producing organisms Mikael A. Petersen1, Md. Ariful Alam2, Md. Mizanur Rahman2, Md. Lokman Ali2, Sultan Mahmud2, Louise Schlüter3, Niels O. G. Jørgensen4,* 1Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark 2Faculty of Fisheries, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh 3Environment and Toxicology, DHI Group, Agern Allé 5, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark 4Genetics and Microbiology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark ABSTRACT: Pangas Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were culti- vated for 6 mo in earthen ponds in Bangladesh to examine occurrence of the off-flavour geosmin in water and fish and to test procedures for reduction of off-flavour. In the ponds (~1 m depth and area of 400 m2), the average geosmin concentration was 3.9 ng l−1 (range 0.2 to 20 ng l−1). No effects of season or water treatment (sand filtration or probiotic microbes) were found. The content of geosmin in the fish was 21 ng kg−1 (range: 0.0 to 91 ng kg−1) for pangas and 17 ng kg−1 (range: 0.0 to 68 ng kg−1) for tilapia. Water treatment reduced the geosmin content by 56 to 74% in pan- gas, but no effect was found in tilapia. Likewise, depuration for ≥12 h in groundwater lowered the geosmin content in pangas (by 65 to 90%) but not in tilapia. -
Distribution of General Households by Source of Drinking Water, Electricity Connection and Housing Tenancy Status, by Residence and Community
Table C-15: Distribution of General Households by Source of Drinking Water, Electricity Connection and Housing Tenancy Status, by Residence and Community Administrative Unit Source of Drinking Water (%) Electricity Housing Tenancy (%) UN / MZ / Number of ZL UZ Vill RMO Residence Connection WA MH Households Community Tap Tube-Well Other (%) Owned Rented Rent free 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 91 Sylhet Zila Total 589425 12.1 64.7 23.1 62.9 77.9 17.9 4.2 91 1 Sylhet Zila 448273 3.7 67.8 28.5 53.9 89.9 5.5 4.6 91 2 Sylhet Zila 114290 44.2 49.9 5.9 93.9 34.6 62.6 2.7 91 3 Sylhet Zila 26862 16.3 77.3 6.4 81.3 62.3 34.0 3.7 91 08 Balaganj Upazila Total 54058 2.1 68.6 29.3 57.9 87.2 6.3 6.5 91 08 1 Balaganj Upazila 52654 2.1 68.1 29.8 57.6 87.9 5.5 6.6 91 08 3 Balaganj Upazila 1404 2.5 88.7 8.8 70.8 60.1 37.1 2.8 91 08 11 Balaganj Union Total 4551 1.6 68.0 30.4 56.4 84.0 12.3 3.7 91 08 11 1 Balaganj Union 3147 1.3 58.7 40.0 50.0 94.7 1.2 4.1 91 08 11 3 Balaganj Union 1404 2.5 88.7 8.8 70.8 60.1 37.1 2.8 91 08 11 012 1 *Adityapur 164 0.0 58.5 41.5 45.1 92.7 0.6 6.7 91 08 11 012 01 1 Adityapur 106 0.0 79.2 20.8 51.9 91.5 0.9 7.5 91 08 11 012 02 1 Satyapur 58 0.0 20.7 79.3 32.8 94.8 0.0 5.2 91 08 11 075 1 *Babrakpur 112 0.0 27.7 72.3 3.6 98.2 1.8 0.0 91 08 11 108 1 *Bara Char 222 0.0 73.4 26.6 55.4 91.0 0.9 8.1 91 08 11 108 01 1 Bara Char 138 0.0 69.6 30.4 46.4 87.7 1.4 10.9 91 08 11 108 02 1 Noapatan 84 0.0 79.8 20.2 70.2 96.4 0.0 3.6 91 08 11 146 1 *Brittania 107 0.0 97.2 2.8 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 91 08 11 146 01 1 Brittania 83 0.0 96.4 3.6 0.0 100.0 0.0 -
List of Shareholders Having Unclaimed Or Undistributed Or Unsettled Cash Dividend for the Year 2013 Nominee(S), If Amount of Dividend Sl
Mercantile Bank Limited, Share Department, Board Division, Head Office, Dhaka List of shareholders having unclaimed or undistributed or unsettled cash dividend for the year 2013 Nominee(s), if Amount of dividend Sl. # Name of Shareholder Father’s name Mother’s name Permanent & contact address Year of dividend B.O. account / Folio Number any inTk. 1 Samina Nasreen 23/2, East Nayatola Dhaka Not available 2013 00128 1,378.21 2 Md.Humayun Kabir Late Md. Mobaswer Ali Green Delta Ins.Co.Ltd., Nawabpur Road Ranch Dhaka Not available 2013 00342-1301020000172237 5,127.36 3 A. Hasib House # 53, Road # 12/A, Dhanmondi Dhaka Not available 2013 00394 123.38 4 Yusuf Saeed Late Hasan Saeed Plot # 6, Road # 137, Flat # A2, Gulshan-1 Dhaka Not available 2013 00510 2,350.24 Road # 7, House # 10, Block # Kha Pc Culture Housing, 5 Rasad Rahman Md. Atiar Rahman Not available 2013 00516 488.51 Mohammedpur Dhaka 1207 6 Faisal Alim Abdul Alim House # 378 Road # 28, New Dohs Mohakhali Dhaka Not available 2013 00565 2,350.24 7 Md. Kazi Babul Md. Hashem Kazi Plot # 13/14, Road # 06, Senpara Parbata Mirpur Dhaka Not available 2013 00639 3,633.38 8 Md.Farid Uddin Ahmmed Mohammad Faruque 55, Motijheel C/A Zarin Mansion, 2Nd Floor Dhaka 1000 Not available 2013 00655-1301020000204389 1,324.24 16/19, Ground Floor Tajmohal Rd. Block-C Mohammadpur 9 Josephine Rodrigues Not available 2013 00735 719.92 Dhaka 16/19, Ground Floor Tajmohal Rd. Block-C Mohammadpur 10 Martin Rodrigues Not available 2013 00736 1,378.21 Dhaka 11 Ratan Kumar Saha Saha Dental Clinic, Tulapatti Naogaon -
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Journal of Agricultural Studies ISSN 2166-0379 2019, Vol. 7, No. 2 Cost-benefit Analysis of Seedling Production on Floating Beds in a Few Selected Areas of Bangladesh Mohammod Akbar Kabir (Correspondence Author) Dept. of Economics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected] Md. Moniruzzaman Bangladesh Krishi Bank, 83-85, Motijheel Commercial Area Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected] Kawsar Jahan Dept. of Accounting & Information Systems, University of Dhaka Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected] Md. Shahjahan Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station Baghabari, Shahjadpur, Sirajganj-6770, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected] Received: May 15, 2019 Accepted: June 18, 2019 Published: June 20, 2019 doi:10.5296/jas.v7i2.14788 URL: https://doi.org/10.5296/jas.v7i2.14788 Abstract The aim of this study was to calculate the cost benefit analysis and economic viability of seedling production on the floating bed at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh. The study area was selected purposively and 50 households (HHs) were surveyed through purposive sampling technique from a population of 80 households. From the results of those primary data, it was found that 68% farmers were engaged in seedling production as business purpose, and 30% as both own and business, 21 vegetables and spices seedlings were cultivated in the studied area. Average per square meter cost for floating seedling cultivation 75 http://jas.macrothink.org Journal of Agricultural Studies ISSN 2166-0379 2019, Vol. 7, No. 2 found BDT (Bangladeshi taka) 281 and benefit was BDT 401. The net benefit of floating agriculture found BDT 120 and with a BCR of 1.43. -
List of Madrsha
List of Madrasha Division BARISAL District BARGUNA Thana AMTALI Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100065 WEST CHILA AMINIA FAZIL MADRASAH WEST CHILA 01716835134 2 100067 MOHAMMADPUR MAHMUDIA DAKHIL MADRASAH MOHAMMADPUR 01710322701 3 100069 AMTALI BONDER HOSAINIA FAZIL MADRASHA AMTALI 01714599363 4 100070 GAZIPUR SENIOR FAZIL (B.A) MADRASHA GAZIPUR 01724940868 5 100071 KUTUBPUR FAZIL MADRASHA KRISHNA NAGAR 01715940924 6 100072 UTTAR KALAMPUR HATEMMIA DAKHIL MADRASA KAMALPUR 01719661315 7 100073 ISLAMPUR HASHANIA DAKHIL MADRASHA ISLAMPUR 01745566345 8 100074 MOHISHKATA NESARIA DAKHIL MADRASA MOHISHKATA 01721375780 9 100075 MADHYA TARIKATA DAKHIL MADRASA MADHYA TARIKATA 01726195017 10 100076 DAKKHIN TAKTA BUNIA RAHMIA DAKHIL MADRASA DAKKHIN TAKTA BUNIA 01718792932 11 100077 GULISHAKHALI DAKHIL MDRASHA GULISHAKHALI 01706231342 12 100078 BALIATALI CHARAKGACHHIA DAKHIL MADRASHA BALIATALI 01711079989 13 100080 UTTAR KATHALIA DAKHIL MADRASAH KATHALIA 01745425702 14 100082 PURBA KEWABUNIA AKBARIA DAKHIL MADRASAH PURBA KEWABUNIA 01736912435 15 100084 TEPURA AHMADIA DAKHIL MADRASA TEPURA 01721431769 16 100085 AMRAGACHIA SHALEHIA DAKHIL AMDRASAH AMRAGACHIA 01724060685 17 100086 RAHMATPUR DAKHIL MADRASAH RAHAMTPUR 01791635674 18 100088 PURBA PATAKATA MEHER ALI SENIOR MADRASHA PATAKATA 01718830888 19 100090 GHOP KHALI AL-AMIN DAKHIL MADRASAH GHOPKHALI 01734040555 20 100091 UTTAR TEPURA ALAHAI DAKHIL MADRASA UTTAR TEPURA 01710020035 21 100094 GHATKHALI AMINUDDIN GIRLS ALIM MADRASHA GHATKHALI 01712982459 22 100095 HARIDRABARIA D.S. DAKHIL MADRASHA HARIDRABARIA -
The Scenario of Seedling Production on Floating Beds in Few Selected Areas of Bangladesh
SAARC J. Agric., 18(1): 239-250 (2020) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v18i1.48396 Research Article THE SCENARIO OF SEEDLING PRODUCTION ON FLOATING BEDS IN FEW SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH M. Moniruzzaman1*, M.A. Kabir2 and M. Shahjahan3 1Dhaka School of Economics, Eskaton Garden Rd, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh; 2University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh; 3Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Regional Station, Baghabari, Shahjadpur, Sirajganj-6770, Bangladesh ABSTRACT The study was conducted to reveal various seedling production scenario on floating beds including environmental aspects associating seedling production. Data of various seeding production were collected from total 50 households (HHs) of two villages at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh by a pre-tested survey questionnaire. The study showed that 68% farmers did seedling production for business purpose, and 30% as both own and business. During floating cultivation on beds about 50% farmers used their own producing seed and 26% from market. The farmers cultivated 21 different types of vegetables and spices seedlings where highest number of seedling was Bottle gourd (19.11%) followed by Papaya (13.82%) and Chili (12.60%). They used urea as a common fertilizer on floating bed which enriched by TSP (46%) and DAP (40%) during cultivation. It was observed that 32% farmers did seedling cultivation solely as own source of money while 26% got the help from NGOs. After end of the cultivation, 25% beds were sold as compost fertilizer for winter cultivation, 5% were used as own field and 17% farmers utilized the fertilizer as both business and own purpose. The study also revealed that, about 64% of respondent farmers were not suffered by any environmental complications. -
List of College
List of College Division BARISAL District BARGUNA Thana AMTALI Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100113 BAKUL NESSA MOHILA COLLEGE MOHILA COLLEGE ROAD 01716482746 Thana BAMNA Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100141 HALTA DAWATALA WAZED ALI KHAN COLLEGE DAWATALA 01715083373 2 100142 BEGUM FAIZUNNESA MOILA DEGREE COLLEGE, BAMNA KALAGACHHIA,SADOR ROAD 01712466339 Thana BETAGI Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100294 KAUNIA COLLEGE KAUNIA 01718451989 2 100296 BETAGI DEGREE COLLEGE BETAGI 01731442045 Thana PATHARGHATA Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100346 PATHRGHATA COLLEGE PATHARGATA PAUROSAVA 01716856383 District BARISAL Thana AGAILJHARA Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 136509 BASHAIL COLLEGE BASHAIL 01715309859 Thana BAKERGANJ Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100591 GOVT.BAKERGONJ COLLEGE RUNSI 01794834383 2 100595 M. A . MALEK DEGREE COLLEGE CHHOTO RAGHUNATHPUR 01732797934 3 100596 BEGUM SAMSUDDIN TALUKDER COLLEGE CHARADY 01712544420 4 100599 ABUL HOSSAIN KHAN COLLEGE KRISHNAKATHI 01726120410 Thana BANARI PARA Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100656 BISHARKANDI SHER E BANGLA DEGREE COLLEGE MORICH BUNIA 01712221184 Thana BARISAL SADAR (KOTWALI) Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100866 RUPATALI JAGUA COLLEGE RUPATALI 01712795059 2 100873 BEGUM TOFAZZAL HOSSAIN MANIK MOHILA COLLEGE C&B ROAD 01712432319 3 100874 AMRITLAL DEYCOLLEGE AMRIT LAL DEY SARAK 01718766477 4 100875 GOVT.B.M COLLEGE COLLEGE CAMPUS 01742080890 5 132618 GOVT. COMMERCIAL INSTITUTE, BARISAL UTTAR ALEKANDA 01819673292 List of College Division BARISAL District BARISAL Thana GAURNADI Sl Eiin Name Village/Road Mobile 1 100705 BARTHI DEGREE COLLEGE BARTHI 01848323750 2 100706 MAHILARA DEGREE COLLEGE MAHILARA 01712259954 3 134217 BATAJORE RABAYA FAZLA KARIM WOMEN'S COLLEGE HARHAR 6NO. -
Problem Confrontation in Sunflower Cultivation by the Farmers of Nazirpur in Pirojpur A
J. Patuakhali Sci. and Tech. Univ. 2015, 6 (1): 73-83 ISSN 1996-4501 Problem Confrontation in Sunflower Cultivation by the Farmers of Nazirpur in Pirojpur A. Mandal1, A. T. M. S. Haque2, M. G. R. Akanda3 and M. K. Hasan4 Abstract The main focus of the study was to explore the problems confronted by the farmers in sunflower cultivation. Further attempts were made to reveal the determinants of their problem confrontation. Following a multi-stage random sampling method, a total of 92 farmers who have been cultivating sunflower were selected from Nazirpur upazila in Pirojpur in Bangladesh. Firstly, problems were identified through discussions with the farmers and literature reviews. Secondly, interviews with the sunflower cultivators were administered to quantify the problems along with their potential determinants that are stemmed from their socio-economic attributes. The farmers were found to have a moderate level of problems in sunflower cultivation with a small variation (M = 23.62 and SD = 4.55 against a possible score range between 0 to 45). Unweighted ranking of the problems shows that the top three problems out of fifteen were high price of seed, unavailability of improved seed and costly irrigation. Multiple linear regression without addressing the endogeneity problems has confirmed the age, training exposure, cosmopoliteness, knowledge and risk orientation of the farmers as the determinants of their problem confrontation. In order to minimize the extent of the problems, relatively older farmers need to be trained on sunflower cultivation. They need to be prepared to take to some extent of potential challenge of sunflower cultivation through providing input and marketing support by public and private initiatives.