Great Weston Conservation Area Seafront Appraisal.Pdf
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GREAT WESTON CONSERVATION AREA Character Area Appraisal and Management Plan SEAFRONT This appraisal and mangement plan addresses the Seafront Character Area within the Great Weston Conservation Area. Adopted 04 December 2018 IER P K C E HILLSIDE B N R I B 1 INTRODUCING THE SEAFRONT SEAFRONT The Seafront character area is defined by the long sweep of CRES TOWN NT CE O N CENTRE Weston Bay, extending from Royal M T E Sands in the south to Birnbeck R A Pier in the north. It takes in all the L C buildings fronting Beach Road, Royal Parade, Knightstone Road and Birnbeck Road. The character area includes Knightstone Island, Marine Lake and Grand Pier. TTA CO GE D R E E The Seafront shares its boundary H S C T with adjacent character areas to T A A U H R the east. Buildings of special note T A include Birnbeck Pier, Claremont N T Crescent, the Royal Hotel and the Thatched Cottage Restaurant. TEL What is a conservation Great Weston How to use this document O H WHITECROSS This document is interactive, L area? Conservation Area A A conservation area is "an Weston-super-Mare is a special allowing on-screen readers to Y O area of special architectural or place with a strong architectural follow links to other documents. R historic interest, the character and identity and a distinctive history. In appearance of which it is desirable 2018, a review of conservation The document is accompanied by to preserve or enhance" (Planning areas in the town led to the merging an 'Introduction' document, giving (Listed Buildings and Conservation of five former conservation areas an overview of the conservation area as a whole and an Areas) Act 1990). into one single area. ANTIC explanation of key terms. This can TL HO A T D E The new Great Weston be found on the Council's website: L N Conservation Area has been A R divided into four character areas www.n-somerset.gov.uk/ G to assist the understanding of what my-services/planning- makes the conservation area of building-control/planning/ special interest, and provides a planning-advice/heritage/ basis from which change can be conservation-areas/ positively managed. Each of the four character areas has its own © Crown copyright and database rights 2018 Ordnance Survey 100023397. You are not appraisal and management plan. permitted to copy, sub-license, distribute or sell any of this data to third parties in any form. Great Weston Conservation Area 2 GREAT WESTON CAA AND MANAGEMENT PLAN - SEAFRONT Adopted 04 December 2018 3 SEA FRONT 2 A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SEAFRONT 1840 1867 1888 1933 1967 Today The Birnbeck Pier opened in 1867 and was the main Marine Parade in the 1930s This photograph shows how The restoration of Grand Only a few buildings are attraction in the town. Further ©Historic England busy the seafront was in the Pier, public realm investment south, Ellenborough Park and 1960s ©Weston Mercury and new uses for Tropicana evident in 1840. Baths and The 1888 map shows the Beach Lawns were laid out with have helped to rejuvenate the lodgings were built on rapid growth since 1840. Knightstone Island in 1838. large villas fronting the seafront. seafront. Photo ©National Archives 1841 Early 1900s 1970s Beginnings 1880s 1943 The arrival of the railway The Sea Front Improvement This photo shows the sands Like many seaside towns, to Weston led to the rapid Scheme led to the creation looking south from the Weston started to decline development of the town, of the sea walls and Grand Pier, 1910 ©National in popularity as foreign Weston began as a small as day visitors from Bristol promenade and day visitor Archives. Grand Pier opened holidays become cheaper. farming and fishing village. and Bath increase. Birnbeck numbers soared. Weston in 1904 and Tropicana was Flats were built on the From the 1750s, doctors Road is laid out between was a fashionable seaside a former open air pool seafront. recommended bathing 1841 and 1853. resort. This photo shows which opened in 1927. in the sea for its health Photo ©National Archives the pier and promenade benefits, attracting people c. early 1900s ©National By 1943, houses and hotels to Weston. The first hotel Archives had been built the full opened in July 1810. length of Beach Road. 4 GREAT WESTON CAA AND MANAGEMENT PLAN - SEAFRONT Adopted 04 December 2018 5 SEA FRONT 3 SPECIAL INTEREST The variation in building types and The special historic interest of the character styles in the seafront area reflects area is in the traces of the early town and two centuries of growth and in the expression of the various stages of change. The success of the town growth of the 19th century resort. after the coming of the railway in 1841 prompted development inland from the seafront and south The seafront today is characterised by the long towards Uphill and also resulted in sweep of Weston Bay, with hotels, residential early renewal. homes and blocks of flats on Beach Road Key characteristics of the Seafront character facing the Bristol Channel across the expanse area are: Examples include the Royal Hotel, • Seaward facing Victorian villas, stone opened in 1810 but refaced and of the lawns. From Marine Parade there are Prince Consort Gardens were laid out Knightstone Island is historically terraces and Weston's earliest hotels; long views north, west and south. Travelling substantially enlarged in 1849. at two levels in the 1860s in memory important as an early focus for • Formal Beach Lawns; northwards beyond the Grand Pier the scale Claremont Crescent dates from of Prince Albert. They overlook development in the new resort, from reduces, with smaller buildings and terraces • Panoramic views across the bay and the 1860s, on the site of the Birnbeck Island. The Grade II* Listed the 1820s onwards. Formerly used as a coming closer to the esplanade and providing towards the town; former Claremont House, built pier is now derelict but remains a medicinal bath house with accompanying some containment. • Contrast between open and enclosed in 1816. The villas on Kewstoke major landmark. reading room and lodgings. spaces, formal and informal spaces; Road in the Tudor Gothic style are Knightstone Island provides a vantage point • Changing seasonal character, bustling with representative of the picturesque across the bay to the town centre. The headland activity in the summer months; qualities sought in the 1840s. at Birnbeck Pier is craggier, less formal, with • The enclave of Knightstone Island; and sinuous terraces responding to the topography. • The contrasting form of the Birnbeck and The piers and the promenade were From their raised position Prince Consort Grand Piers. the most obvious manifestations Gardens offer views across the bay and to the of the seaside resort, but the islands and the South Wales coast. Beach Lawns, Winter Gardens and bathing areas were also a key part of the story. The development of Knightstone Island was a further chapter in the promotion of Weston. A small promenade of sorts was laid Beach Lawns were created as part of Materials and features down in the 1820s and substantially the 1880s sea wall and esplanade. remodelled in the 1880s. The current They opened to the public in 1910. Materials and features contribute to the essence of a place. They promenade was repaved and a Their generous dimensions provide the range from road signs to architectural detailing to paving style. secondary wall was installed as part of foreground for long views towards the flood protection measures in 2007-10. town centre, or out to sea. Gothic Bath stone Sea walls Stone boundary Decorative Ornamental ornament and classical walls stonework gables ornament Views to the headland at Brean Down Claremont Crescent (1865-7) with its The terraces and hillside are seen to and the two islands of Steep Holm facades of limestone ashlar faces advantage from Knightstone Island. Seafront shelter Regency detail Stucco Rockery and Street pattern Sash windows mouldings beaches following the and Flat Holm are an important asset inland onto the winding Birnbeck This photograph shows layers of landscape of the seafront. Road, giving the area a more Weston's seaward facing Victorian intimate character in contrast with villas. the openness of the promenade and Beach Lawns. 6 GREAT WESTON CAA AND MANAGEMENT PLAN - SEAFRONT Adopted 04 December 2018 7 Birnbeck Pier 3 Listed buildings Marine Listed buildings are buildings of special Lake architectural or historic interest. There are 2 several in the character area, and range from Coalbrookdale fountain Former chapel of formal groups to seafront pavilions and a Royal Hospital Victorian fountain. Birnbeck Pier is Grade II* Knightstone Listed and its associated buildings are Grade II Island Listed. The other Grade II Listed buildings are: • Westcliff Villas (No.2-10 Upper Kewstoke Road) • 1 South Road • Claremont Crescent (No. 1-19) Grand Pier Westcliff Villas • Dr Fox's Bathhouse and Cafe on Knightstone Island Grand Pier • Former Knightstone Theatre • Swimming Baths on Knightstone Island Sub-areas • Sunningdale, 20 Knightstone Road • 18 Knightstone Road • The Thatched Cottage Restaurant, 14 The character area has been divided into three Knightstone Road sub-areas to reflect the local variation. The sub- Claremont Crescent Royal Hotel • Royal Terrace, 1-13 Knightstone Road areas are: 1 • The Royal Hotel • Beach Lawn with Coalbrookdale Fountain • 1 - Marine Parade from Royal Sands in the • Three sea-front pavilions, Marine Parade south to Grand Pier in the north. • Cafe, shop and public lavatories, Marine • 2 - Knightstone from Victoria Square in Parade the south to take in Knightstone Island and Marine Lake to the north. • Former Chapel of the Royal Hospital, Uphill • 3 - Birnbeck Road from Claremont Crescent Road North to Birnbeck Pier to take in Prince Consort Tropicana • Grand Pier Seafront pavilion 18 Knightstone Road Gardens and the houses on Upper Kewstoke Road.