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Country Report: Bhutan

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Country Report: Bhutan COUNTRY REPORT: BHUTAN (Visiting Researcher -FY2019B, January 13 –April 9, 2019) Nima Tshering District Disaster Management Officer District Administration, Dagana Disclaimer This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC member countries. The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the ADRC. i Table of Contents Disclaimer................................................................................................................................................ i Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ iv List of Tables ......................................................................................................................................... iv List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................... v List of Glossary of Terms ....................................................................................................................... v 1. General Information ........................................................................................................................ 1 2. Natural Hazards in Bhutan ............................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Natural Hazards Likely to Affect the Country ............................................................................... 2 2.2 Recent Major Disasters ................................................................................................................. 6 2.2.1 Earthquake ............................................................................................................................ 6 2.2.2 Windstorm ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.2.3 Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOF) ..................................................................................... 9 2.2.4 Flash Floods ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.2.5 Landslides ............................................................................................................................ 11 2.2.6 Forest Fires .......................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.7 Structure Fires ..................................................................................................................... 13 2.2.8 Pest and Disease Outbreaks ................................................................................................ 13 2.2.9 Drought ............................................................................................................................... 14 3. Disaster Management System in Bhutan ..................................................................................... 14 3.1 Administrative System in Bhutan ................................................................................................ 14 3.2 Legal System and Framework ..................................................................................................... 14 3.3 Structure of Disaster Management ............................................................................................ 15 3.3.1 National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction ................................................................... 15 3.3.2 National Organizations for Disaster Risk Reduction ........................................................... 16 3.3.3 Local Organizations for Disaster Risk Reduction ................................................................. 16 4. Disaster Management Strategy, Policy and Plan ........................................................................ 17 5. Budget Size on National Level ..................................................................................................... 18 5.1 Response and Relief Expenditure ............................................................................................... 18 5.2 Budget for National Disaster Management Activities ................................................................ 18 5.3 Budget for Department of Disaster Management ...................................................................... 18 5.4 Recovery and Re-construction .................................................................................................... 19 ii 6. Progress of the Implementation of Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) ..................................... 27 6.1 Strategic Outcome for Goal 1 ..................................................................................................... 27 6.2 Strategic Outcome for Goal 2 ..................................................................................................... 28 6.3 Strategic Outcome for Goal 3 ..................................................................................................... 28 7. Incident Command System in Bhutan…………………………………………………………………………………………17-21 8. Recent Major Projects on Disaster Risk Reduction ......................................................................... 30 9. Asian Disaster Reduction Center Counterpart ............................................................................. 32 10. References ................................................................................................................................... 32 iii List of Figures Figure 1: Location Map of Bhutan .......................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2: 2009 Earthquake damage………………………………………………………………………….7 Figure 3: 2013 windstorm damage ........................................................................................................ 3 Figure 4 : Glacier Lake Out-Burst Flood (GLOF)…………………………………………………………...7 Figure 5: Flash Flood ............................................................................................................................. 4 Figure 6: Forest Fire…………………………………………………………………………………………..7 Figure 7: Mongar Town Fire................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 8 : Landslides…………………………………………………………………………………………..8 Figure 9: Artificial dam formation ........................................................................................................... 6 Figure 10: BHU and Rural home roof damage by windstorm ............................................................... 9 Figure 11: GLOF of 1994…………………………………………………………………………………….12 Figure 12: Throthomi lake site after lake mitigation ............................................................................. 11 Figure 15: Outline of Disaster Management Institution in Bhutan ....................................................... 14 Figure 16: National Organization for DRR ........................................................................................... 16 Figure 17: Local Organization for DRR................................................................................................ 17 List of Tables Table 1: List of recent earthquakes that have affected Bhutan (DDM, 2014) ....................................... 6 Table 2 : Recent Windstorm Disaster (DDM, 2014) .............................................................................. 7 Table 3 : List of GLOF and Flash flood disaster events (DDM, 2014) ................................................ 10 Table 4 : List of Landslide events in Bhutan (DDM, 2014) .................................................................. 12 Table 5 : Forest Fire Incidences 2016 ................................................................................................. 12 Table 6 : List of Structure fires in Bhutan ............................................................................................ 13 Table 7: Progress in Laws and Framework in Bhutan ......................................................................... 15 Table 8: Annual Budget of DDM .......................................................................................................... 19 Table 9: Source of Funds for NRRP 2011(2009 Earthquake) ............................................................. 20 Table 10: Source of fund for the NRRP 2012 (2011 Earthquake) ....................................................... 20 Table 11: List of recent major project on DRR in Bhutan .................................................................... 30 iv List of Abbreviations ADRC Asian Disaster Reduction Center BHU Basic Health Unit CBDRM Community Based Disaster Risk Management DDMC Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee DDM Department of Disaster Management DES Department of Engineering Services DoC Department of Culture DGM Department of Geology and Mines DMSPF Disaster Management Strategic Policy Framework DRR Disaster Risk Reduction DSE Department of School Education ECR Extended Classroom GNHC Gross National Happiness Commission GLOF Glacial Lake
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