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Rock diversity in term of age and Exceptional rock diversity exposed in Coprates C. Quantin, B. Bultel, J. Flahaut, P. Thollot, J. Carter, A. Ody, D. Loizeau, L. Lozac'h, M. Andreani , I. Daniel, H. Clenet

NOTE ADDED BY JPL WEBMASTER: This content has not been approved or adopted by, NASA, JPL, or the California Institute of Technology. This document is being made available for information purposes only, and any views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of NASA, JPL, or the California Institute of Technology. M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

1) Why Coprates Chasma is a key location ? 2) Orbital observations around the landing ellipse 3) Engineering contrains of the landing site

S

Vert. Exa x2 M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

60 km Quantin et al., Icarus, 2012

CRISM N HIRISE

10 km SU=0.086D1,03 SU: Stratigraphic Uplift ~1/10 D :Diameter (Cintala and Grieve, 1998)

Murchie et al., 2009 Flahaut et al., Icarus, 2012 M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

N

Basaltic volcanic Martian initial layers partly crust altered altered

25 m M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Evidence for Comparison with the cross hydrothermally altered section exposed in the stratigraphy : Saponite, Walls of Coprates Chasma Chlorite, Zéolite…

Flahaut et al., 2012, Murchie et al., 2009 , Viviano- Beck and Murchie, 2014 M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Overall mineralogical context

Perched phyllosilicates

Detection from CRISM hyperspectral data Flahaut et al., 2012 LCP

Olivine

Phyllosilicates

Sulfates Perched sulfate-rich ILD (Fueten et al., 2011) M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Horst

Scientific objectives : Land on the canyon floor deposits and go to sample the horst.

Possible route Canyon floor deposits M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

A Thickness DTM (HRSC) B -4 920 -4 940 Floor deposits -4 960 -4 980 ~100 m -5 000 -5 020 -5 040 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800

B Light toned unit s exposed on the flancks of the floor deposit

A

Flat capping,highly impacted and streamlined 500 m e-Mars M2020 First Landinglines Site Workshop Top of the floor deposits : streamlined, impacted surface

100 m M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Top of the floor deposits

Divergent Finger-like terminations M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Top of the floor deposits Divergent Finger-like Landslide-Dam Steamlined floor Enclosed depression terminations M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Stratigraphy of the floor deposits : fresh light toned outcrops (100 m)

base

top

100 m M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Stratigraphy of the floor deposits : fresh massive light toned outcrops (100 m)

top

base

100 m M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Horst morphologies : basal part of the horst Horst

Past alluvial fans ? 200 m M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Engineering contrains

Slope Thermal inertia M2020 e-Mars First Landing Site Workshop

Conclusions Why landing in Coprates Chasma ?

Science summary

-Primitive Martian crust N O A - hydrothermal alteration of the martian C H crust (suitable for life emergence ?) I A - volcanism N

H -Tectonics (VM opening) E S P -Sulfates rich floor deposit recently exhumed E R (conservation) I A N -Water flow morphologies

and