Date: 12.11.2014

FILE Name: HaB014__Hanneder_Broo_eds_Studies_on_Modern_Sanskrit_Writings_15thWSC-Panel_2012.pdf PURL: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl/?gr_elib-276 Type: searchable PDF Encoding: Unicode (ā ī ū ṛ ṝ ḷ ḹ ṅ ñ ṭ ḍ ṇ ś ṣ ḥ ṃ ... and Nāgarī) Date: 12.11.2014 BRIEF RECORD Author: Hanneder, Jürgen & Måns Broo (eds.) Title: Studies on Modern Sanskrit Writings – Ādhunikasaṃskṛtasāhityānuśīlanam. Papers Presented in the Section on Modern Sanskrit Writings. Proceedings of the 15th World Sanskrit Conference, New Delhi, 5–10 January 2012. Publ.: GRETIL e-library online edition, November 2014 Description: 164 p. FULL RECORD http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gr_elib.htm NOTICE This file may be copied on the condition that its entire contents, including this data sheet, remain intact. GRETIL e-library Proceedings of the th World Sanskrit Conference New Delhi, – January Studies on Modern Sanskrit Writings आधुिनकसंकृतसािहयानुशीलनम् Papers Presented in the Section on Modern Sanskrit Writings Edited by Jürgen Hanneder and Måns Broo with an introduction by R. V. Tripathi e-library online edition Since it is not foreseeable that the present volume, which had been produced in , will appear in the manner planned by the editors, it is published here online in the e-library. Contents Introduction by the General Editor (R. V. Tripathi) ाथनम् २१ कृणाेयकवेः काेषु तबबता सामाजक थतः डॉतमयकुमारभाचायः २४ Īśvaracandra Vidyāsāgara’s Sanskrit Writings (Sudip Chakravortti) Visions Of Modern Sanskrit Poets From Darkness (Dr. Chandra Bhushan Jha) समकालकसंकृतकथासाहये भारतीयता डॉनारायणदाशः ६२ आधुनकसंकृतकवतायाम् इयाताइययय डॉ हषदव माधवः ९२ Guruvāyupureśamāhātmyam – A Study (Premalatha V. V.) आधुनकसंकृतकवतायां बबवधानम् डॉ मुलताशमा ११३ कामीरदनम् एकम् आलोचनम् डॉ ीमती सुकश शमा १२३ संकृतपकािरतायाः इतहासलेखनया बलदवानद सागरः १४३ एतमकिरणां पुर सुचर पूव सपाथादका सासु सुशोभता च दयता काले तु दीना कृशा । अमसंकृतसंसद तपदं याैव जाता पुनः धीराणां सुखदा च शोकहरणा सा दववाक् पातु वः ॥ Måns Broo Introduction by the General Editor (R. V. Tripathi) Sanskrit has continued to be a potential vehicle for creativity during the modern times. e so-called ‘modern period’ in the history of its literature roughly encompasses the past two centuries extending up to the present one. New trends and turning points especially emerged in the lat- ter half of the nineteenth century when an awareness of a rapidly chang- ing socio-political scenario dawned on the authors in Sanskrit. Rajraj Verma (–) was the nephew of King Kerala Verma. He composed a play in Sanskrit entitled Gairvāṇīvijaya (Victory of Sanskrit). In this play, Sanskrit Language appears as a character. warted by the overpowering impact of English and Anglicization, she approaches Brahmā and makes an appeal to save her from oppression. At Brahmā’s orders, various Indian languages along with the English language enter the Brahmaloka for arguing their respective cases. English language is aired as a European lady. Brahmā seles all the disputes amongst them by making a plea to all the languages to live peacefully and make room for each other’s growth. Pt. Vinayak Bhaa in Aṅgrejacandrikā (Madras, ) and Itihāsa- tamomaṇiḥ produced books of history in the modern sense of the term. Mukuṭābhiṣekam is a play composed by Nārāyaṇa Dīkṣita, a traditional pundit from Chennapuri, who depicts the event of coronation which hap- pened on th December at Delhi. Several new words have been used in this play. Mahāmahopādhyāya Lakṣmaṇa Sūri, a renowned pundit of Mysore, depicted the events during the period of Harding’s viceroy- ship, the arrival of George V and his coronation in Delhi in his Dillīsām- rājyam. In this way, the emphasis in the new writings during – in San- skrit shied to the presentation and the interpretation of history and con- Various periods of the history of Modern Sanskrit literature have been suggested by scholars and researchers. Considering the historical perspectives and the major trends, Dr. Rajendra Mishra has defined the following three periods on the basis of its course of development Punarjāgaraṇakāla (the period of renaissance), Sthāpanākāla (the period of establishment), and Samṛddhikāla (the period of enrichment). Still others have taken up three ages of modern Sanskrit writings as under: pre-independence period (–), period of struggle for independence, (–), and post-independence period (from onwards). Dr. Kalanath Shastri, on the basis of major authors who have formed an age in literary history, divides the course of development of modern Sanskrit writings in three ages: age of Rashivadekar (–), Age of Bhaa Mathuranath (–) and the age of Raghavan. Catalogus Catologorum, I. ref. in A History of Classical Sanskrit Literature of Krishmachariar, p. Modern Sanskrit Literature temporary society with a global perspective. Modern Sanskrit writers made a departure from their age-old literary traditions by way of looking towards vernaculars and European languages also. Pt. Vinayak Bhaa in Agrejacandrikā (Madras, ) and Itihāsatamomaṇiḥ produced books of history in the modern sense of the term. Vasudev Sharma Latkar wrote the biography of Shahu Rajaram (–) in Sāhucaritam. Madhusu- dan Tarkālaṅkāra wrote a grammar book of English in Sanskrit: Iṅga- lainḍīyavyākaraṇasāraḥ (). Aempts to create an understanding of European wisdom were made by the pundits. Bacon’s work was rendered in Sanskrit under the title Bekanīyasūtrākhyānam. “Principles of Human Knowledge” by Berkeley was translated under the title Jñānasiddhānta- candrikā; Locke’s Essays concerning Human understanding were translated under the title Mānavavijñānaviṣayakaśāstram. Even the English missionaries started writing in Sanskrit for the propagation of Christian- ity. Rozario published a monograph on dialogue between a Brahmin and a Catholic entitled Brāhmaṇaromanakaitholikasaṃvādaḥ. Ram Roy Basu vehemently criticised Hinduism in his Īsāīvivaraṇāmṛtam and Jñānodaya. Around two dozens of translations or adaptations of the Bible came out during nineteenth century. e missionaries in India aempted early translations in Sanskrit. ese translations were obviously from religious texts. us in the first decade of the th century William Carey, aached to the Baptist church in Shrirampur in Bengal, rendered the Bible in three parts which was brought out between –. K. P. Urmis translated the Sermon on the Mount under the title Girigītā. In the beginning of the twentieth century, traditional Sanskrit pundits turned towards European literature and produced translations of Shakespeare and other authors from English into Sanskrit. Bhaa Mathuranath Shastri set excellent ex- amples of translation from other languages by presenting the translation of Gāhāsatsaī from Prakrit and the Satsaī of Bihari from Hindi into the same meter (Dohā). Carl Cappeller (–) translated some pieces from the writings of Greek poets in his centenary of verses entitled Yavanaśatakam and For details see H. L. Shukla: Sanskrit kā Samājaśāstra. Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan , p. Introduction by the General Editor (R. V. Tripathi) German poets like Goethe, Schiller, Rückert etc. in his Subhāṣitamālikā in verses. With this awareness for a new world that was emerging in the nineteenth century, Sanskrit language and diction assumed new proportions, embracing satire, humour and irony. Dikshit Watve published a Purāṇa presenting a critique of the new age in his Kalpitakalivṛādarśapurāṇam in . He was followed by several authors. ite oen, the new forms were adopted but the outlook remained unchanged; sometimes the form and the content both changed. Nrisimhacharya Punekar wrote Mṛi- kāvṛṣabhapūjākathā () and Shrinivas Shastri brought the wailing of Kaliyuga in his Kaliparidevanaśatakam (Saṃskṛtacandrikā, ). Rangi- ladas wrote Kāṅgresagītā (), as a caricature the Surat convention of the Indian Congress in the form of a parody of Śrīmadbhagavadgītā. e most outstanding satire of the past century was produced by Mahā- mahopādhyāya Pt. Ramavatar Sharma, an extra-ordinary scholar and a prolific author. He created a unique parody of Kālidāsa’s Meghadūtam in his Mudgaradūtam. Ramavatar Sharma was emulated by C. R. Shastra- buddhe in his Kākadūtam (Dharwad ). ere were many more such writings replacing the romance and erotica of Meghadūtam with piquancy of their satire. We find a revised understanding of colonial rule and socio-political situation in the editorials of Sūnṛtavādinī penned by Appa Shastri Rashivadekar. It was during this period that Sri Aurobindo wrote his Bhavānībhāratī, a powerful poem in which Goddess Kālī appears as the Bhāratamātā—mother of the nation—, calling upon her sons to free her from the shackles of foreign rule. Instead of versification and poetic fancies, prose came to be more and more adopted in Sanskrit as a powerful medium for spelling out the strate- gies and running the bale for freedom in the last decades of nineteenth century and the first decades of twentieth century. Hrishikesh Bhat- tacharya, Vidhushekhar Bhaacharya and Bhaa Mathuranath Shastri Yavanaśatakam has been re-edited with notes by Gayacharan Tripathi and published in Sanskrit Vimarśa, Journal of Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, new series, no. of , pp. –. e same has been reprinted without notes by Satyavrat Shastri in his monograph Sanskrit Writings of European Scholars, Delhi: Vijaya Books, First Edition , p. –.) along with Subhāṣitamālikā of Cappeller (pp. ). Unfortunately both Tripathi and Shastri have not acknowledged their sources/earlier edi- tions. ese are given in: Carl Cappeller: Kleine Schrien und Sanskrit-Gedichte.

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