DOCSLIB.ORG

Longship – Carbon Capture and Storage

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Longship – Carbon Capture and Storage Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy Meld. St. 33 (2019–2020) Report to the Storting (white paper) Longship – Carbon capture and storage Meld. St. 33 (2019–2020) Report to the Storting (white paper) Longship – Carbon capture and storage Translation from Norwegian. For information only. Longship The Norwegian Government has decided to call the Norwegian project on car- bon capture, transport and storage Longship, in Norwegian ‘Langskip’. The characteristic shape, and flexible, supple construction of the Vikings’ long- ships made them one of the greatest innovations and most ground-breaking ship-building technologies of their day. Longships were sleek, seaworthy and fast vessels, making them highly suitable for war and plundering voyages. However, trade was more important than plundering. The longships enabled the Vikings to become long-distance traders who exchanged valuable goods from the North with goods from faraway lands, such as silk and spices. Despite our ancestors often spreading fear along their path, longships have become a familiar symbol worldwide of the Viking Age and are associated with Norway. Like those who built the longships, we also aim to take our technology out into the world, but only by peaceful means. The Government places major emphasis on Longship being a cost-effective solution for carbon capture and storage, and a technology that many can utilise. In the same way as it was hard work to build a longship using the clinker method, a major effort from companies and a significant amount of public financing are required to realise a cost-effective solution for carbon capture and storage. Longship is the result of many years of hard work across several Norwegian governments. Authorities and industry representatives have worked together towards a shared goal, and the decision basis the Govern- ment is now presenting to the Storting is extensive, robust and quality-assured. The Vikings’ longships could make use of the wind through their sails, but it was often necessary to use raw manpower to row the ships. In both instances, the crew had to work together. In much the same way, we must also continue to work together to implement the project in the best way possible. Those boarding a longship and setting out to sea in the Middle Ages quite often sailed into the unknown. Now that our own Longship is ready for con- struction, we are also entering uncharted waters. We do not know for sure what price will be levied upon CO2 emissions over the next decades. Uncer- tainty in terms of how the market for CO2 storage will develop in Europe will remain. However, we can be relatively certain that Longship will be an impor- tant contribution to creating value chains for carbon capture and storage in Europe. We can also have great faith that the project will contribute to techno- logical development and learning at such a scale that the costs of the next car- bon capture facility to be built will be lower than the first. Longship will bring Norway to the forefront of the development of a tech- nology that could prove decisive in achieving our climate targets. Contents Longship .......................................................... 3 4.2.7 Evaluation and ranking of Norcem and Fortum Oslo Varme ............... 41 1 Introduction................................... 7 4.3 Relevant regulations ...................... 42 4.3.1 International and regional 2 The background for frameworks ..................................... 42 prioritising CCS ........................... 9 4.3.2 National regulations ...................... 44 2.1 The Paris Agreement as the basis for prioritising CCS ........................ 9 5 Gassnova and the external 2.2 What is carbon capture quality assurer’s assessment ... 48 and storage? .................................... 10 5.1 Gassnova’s assessment ................. 48 2.3 CCS and the Sustainable 5.1.1 Gassnova’s evaluation of the Development Goals ........................ 12 capture projects ............................. 48 2.3.1 Climate targets and the role 5.1.2 Gassnova’s assessment of the of CCS .............................................. 12 CO2 transport and storage project 49 2.3.2 Carbon capture and storage in 5.1.3 Gassnova’s overall assessment .... 49 different sectors .............................. 14 5.2 The external quality assurers’ 2.3.3 The Sustainable Development assessment ..................................... 50 Goals ................................................ 15 2.4 Status of the global development 6 Benefits and costs of of CCS .............................................. 16 Longship ....................................... 52 2.5 CCS in Europe ................................ 17 6.1 Benefits ........................................... 52 2.5.1 Status ............................................... 17 6.1.1 Climate effects ................................ 52 2.5.2 EU support schemes ...................... 18 6.1.2 Business development .................. 53 2.6 Norway’s conditions for 6.2 The state’s costs and risks ............ 56 investment in CCS .......................... 19 6.2.1 Cost overview ................................. 56 6.2.2 Funding from other sources ......... 57 3 Need for state aid for CCS ....... 22 6.2.3 Risk .................................................. 57 3.1 Market failure in relation 6.3 Measures to manage risk in the to CCS .............................................. 22 project ............................................. 66 3.2 Development of new CCS 6.3.1 The industry’s incentives in the projects will lead to lower costs .... 23 agreement ....................................... 66 6.3.2 Project management ..................... 66 4 The result of the targeted work 6.4 The project’s socioeconomic on carbon capture and storage 25 profitability ..................................... 67 4.1 Follow-up of the Government’s strategy for CCS work ................... 25 7 How do we make CCS 4.1.1 Gassnova SF ................................... 25 successful? ................................... 70 4.1.2 National policy instruments for 7.1 Phases of market development .... 70 promoting research, development 7.2 Other countries must and demonstration ......................... 25 support CCS ................................... 70 4.1.3 International work .......................... 26 7.3 The road ahead for the 4.1.4 Planning of the project ................... 27 Government’s work on CCS ......... 71 4.2 Longship – a cost-effective 7.3.1 Research, development, solution for full-scale CCS ............. 29 demonstration and 4.2.1 Norcem ............................................ 30 international work .......................... 71 4.2.2 Fortum Oslo Varme ....................... 31 7.3.2 Further work on industrial-scale 4.2.3 Northern Lights .............................. 33 CCS ................................................. 72 4.2.4 Cost estimate .................................. 36 7.3.3 The Government will contribute 4.2.5 Benefit realisation .......................... 36 to developing technology for 4.2.6 Frameworks for investment and carbon capture, transport operation ......................................... 40 and storage ..................................... 72 8 Development plan for 8.2.1 The Ministry’s assessment of Northern Lights ........................... 74 the development plan .................... 79 8.1 Plan for development, installation and operation .................................. 74 9 The Ministry of Petroleum 8.1.1 Introduction .................................... 74 and Energy’s assessment ......... 80 8.1.2 Development solution .................... 75 8.1.3 Volume, timeline and List of references .......................................... 84 development phases ....................... 76 8.1.4 Investments and economics .......... 76 Appendix 8.1.5 Shutdown and disposal .................. 76 8.1.6 Impact assessment ......................... 77 1 Power of attorney to enter into 8.2 Assessments of the plan for agreements and incur obligations development, installation for the state for Longship and operation .................................. 78 (Carbon capture and storage) ...... 87 Longship – Carbon capture and storage Meld. St. 33 (2019 – 2020) Report to the Storting (white paper) Recommendation from the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy of 21 September 2020, approved by the Council of State on the same date. (Solberg Government) 1 Introduction The Government will contribute to developing Longship will demonstrate that CCS is safe technology for carbon capture, transport and stor- and feasible, and will facilitate learning and cost age and facilitate a cost-effective solution for full- reductions in subsequent projects. Infrastructure scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) in will be developed with additional capacity that Norway, which will stimulate technological devel- other projects can utilise. Hence, the threshold for opment in an international perspective. establishing new carbon capture projects will be The Government proposes to the Storting that lowered. Longship can also facilitate business funding be provided for the implementation of a development through harnessing, transforming Norwegian demonstration project for full-scale and developing new industries in Norway. CCS that encompasses carbon capture, transport Based on the knowledge currently available, and storage. The project has been named ‘Long- CCS will be necessary to reduce global green- ship’. The Government proposes implementing a house gas
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Design, Build and Evaluate a Viking Longboat
    History & D&T KS2 LESSON PLAN Design, build and evaluate a Viking longboat WHAT Use questioning and trial THEY’LL and error to fire imaginations LEARN and hone innovation skills, says Adam Parkhouse l About the design and shape of @parky_teaches Viking longboats l How sails have The era of the Vikings is such a rich strand of the history been used to power travel on water in curriculum, and one of my favourite subject areas to different cultures teach. There’s such depth wherever you look: from the compelling mythology to the lasting impact they had on l To use trial and error to get a modern-day Britain. This lesson focuses on the famous better result Viking longboat, renowned for its sleek design and speed in the water, and brings an opportunity to add design l How to evaluate the impact of and technology into your history lessons. It doesn’t even changes to a design need a water feature to work – your desks and floors will become the treacherous north seas to explore. MAIN LESSON START HERE 2|MAKING AND 1|LOOKING AT SAILS TESTING Before your pupils Once you’ve completed your Explain to the children they become master epic journey on the north will become sailmakers shipbuilders, take seas, it’s time to move back themselves, and learn how into the classroom and for the to evaluate and improve them outside to get pupils to become shipbuilders designs by testing and a feel of the scale of themselves. First, they need making alterations. a Viking longship.
    [Show full text]
  • Ships!), Maps, Lighthouses
    Price £2.00 (free to regular customers) 03.03.21 List up-dated Winter 2020 S H I P S V E S S E L S A N D M A R I N E A R C H I T E C T U R E 03.03.20 Update PHILATELIC SUPPLIES (M.B.O'Neill) 359 Norton Way South Letchworth Garden City HERTS ENGLAND SG6 1SZ (Telephone; 01462-684191 during my office hours 9.15-3.15pm Mon.-Fri.) Web-site: www.philatelicsupplies.co.uk email: [email protected] TERMS OF BUSINESS: & Notes on these lists: (Please read before ordering). 1). All stamps are unmounted mint unless specified otherwise. Prices in Sterling Pounds we aim to be HALF-CATALOGUE PRICE OR UNDER 2). Lists are updated about every 12-14 weeks to include most recent stock movements and New Issues; they are therefore reasonably accurate stockwise 100% pricewise. This reduces the need for "credit notes" and refunds. Alternatives may be listed in case some items are out of stock. However, these popular lists are still best used as soon as possible. Next listings will be printed in 4, 8 & 12 months time so please indicate when next we should send a list on your order form. 3). New Issues Services can be provided if you wish to keep your collection up to date on a Standing Order basis. Details & forms on request. Regret we do not run an on approval service. 4). All orders on our order forms are attended to by return of post. We will keep a photocopy it and return your annotated original.
    [Show full text]
  • CMS 2018 3Rd Qtr (Pdf)
    Remember Those From Whom You Came Newsletter Of The Clan MacAlpine Society The Worldwide Organization For MacAlpines 3rd Quarter 2018 ~ Volume 41 Kenneth McAlpine William McAlpin Michael McAlpin Sir William McAlpine Finn Alpin Sidney Fay McAlpin Earl Dale McAlpine Bruce McAlpine Commander’s News The Society has been very active over the summer months with events in Scotland, Canada and across the U.S. I have had the good fortune of attending many of these, and it has been my pleasure to meet so many at these events, and to enjoy their enthusiasm. Spending time in Scotland at the Shennachie event and then in the beautiful countryside was a special treat, and then on to the Kilmartin Glen where we continue to discover more about the old homesteads. Our Annual General Meeting will be held at the Stone Mountain Highland Games in October. There is an exciting venue set up for it and I look forward to seeing many of you there. By the time this newsletter is published, it will be just weeks away from November 11th. Whether referred to as Remembrance Day, Armistice Day, or Veterans Day, its origins reflect upon the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. The date and time of the armistice ending WW I, 100 years ago this year. Living in Canada in the early 1960’s, the reverence for this day was drilled into every child in every classroom. Poppies were handed out and worn. At 11:00 AM, a two-minute silence was always observed. It is fitting that we all remember those from all countries that suffered through this tragedy.
    [Show full text]
  • Viking Longship Hours
    The Vikings are coming! THE VIKINGS The Vikings came from three countries, Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The name ‘Viking’ comes from a language called ‘Old Norse’ and means ‘a pirate raid’. People who went off raiding in ships were said to be ‘going Viking’. The Viking age in European history was about AD 700 to 1100. During this time many Vikings travelled to other countries, such as Britain and Ireland. Some went to fight and steal treasure. Others settled in new lands as farmers, craftsmen or traders. bbc. co.uk/handsonhistory Make a 1.5 Viking longship hours The Vikings built fast ships for raiding and war. These ships were called ‘dragon-ships’ or ‘longships’. Viking longships could sail in shallow water, so they could travel up rivers as well as across the sea. In a raid, a ship could be pulled up on a beach, the Vikings could jump out and start fighting, and then make a quick getaway if they were chased. A longship had room for between 40 and 60 men and they slept and ate on deck. There was some space below deck for stores, but no cabins. A ship carried everything needed at sea - drinking water, dried meat and fish to eat, tools and weapons, and furs to keep warm. You will need • Card at least 30cm x 20cm in size (large empty cereal boxes work well) • A small cardboard box (for example an empty teabag box) • Pencil • Ruler • Scissors • Masking tape • Coloured pens or paints • Sticky tack • Drinking straws • Glue • Fine string or thread (optional) • Coloured paper (optional) bbc.co.uk/handsonhistory THE VIKINGS Instructions 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vikings Are Coming! a New Norse Longboat in 1/600Th Scale
    The Vikings are coming! A new Norse longboat in 1/600th scale Review by Rob Morgan he availability of what I suppose I might call “early medieval warships” in any scale is limited, which is a great pity. Among the few regulars which have managed to crop up Tover the years is not surprisingly, the splendid Viking longship. As far as my now-preferred 1/600th scale goes, well, I do have a couple of the relatively expensive AG14 models from the now troubled Triton, but ... their “sail lowered” longship with the equivalent of a large tree trunk along its deck, has never really appealed to me. Now, however, Peter Pig has issued Range 9, “Vikings” in 15mm scale, with a couple of very good naval add-ons. I suspect that this range of figures, which is extensive and up to the usual high Peter Pig standard will be reviewed by someone more likely to enjoy onshore battles than me! So, back to the ocean, now first I must mention two larger models Pack 33 and Pack 34, two six-inch long vessels with oars in one case and sail in the other, nice looking , but BIG and, though ideal for the 15mm enthusiast for ship-to-shore use, not for naval campaigns or battles in any numbers. The serious aspect of Viking war at sea is, I must say, superbly catered for by Pack 31 in the range, three- 1/600th Norse longboats “for campaigns.” Standard pack price £2.80. Well-crafted , eye-catching models and frankly at that price wonderful value for money.
    [Show full text]
  • The Galley in Scottish Heraldry
    The Galley in Scottish Heraldry In the 12th Century, Viking power over the Hebrides was waning. For 400 years their longships had prevailed along the coastlines, at first raiding and pillaging, then carrying on campaigns, gradually becoming more and more comfortable as seems inevitable with empires until they discover that their power has been usurped by a more aggressive force. In this case, the force was Somerled, an Irish-Scots warrior with exceptional ability matched only by his ambition. Somerled is one of those characters who really add colour to history. In 1156 he and his sons, Doughall, Reginald and Angus managed to smash a fleet of 80 Viking longships off the coast of the Isle of Islay. Within 2 years he was strong enough to assume the title of Rex Insularum, King of the Isles, claiming sovereignty over 25,000 square miles and 500 islands. Somerled was assassinated in 1164 as he prepared to battle King Malcolm of the Scots, whereupon his lands were divided between his three sons, Reginald becoming heir to the title of King or Lord of the Isles. Reginald's son Donald succeeded him and so the Clan MacDonald was founded. The title was held by successive generations of MacDonalds until 1476 when John of Islay made an object submission to the Scottish king and was stripped of most of his lands. His son Angus, disgusted at this weakness, defeated his father in a galley battle in Bloody Bay just north of Tobermory about 5 years later. Angus' supremacy was short-lived as he was stabbed to death by a Harper in 1490.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter May 2016 Registered Charity No.1105449 Unit 20, Estuary Road, Queensway Meadows Industrial Estate, Newport, NP19 4SP
    Newsletter May 2016 Registered Charity No.1105449 Unit 20, Estuary Road, Queensway Meadows Industrial Estate, Newport, NP19 4SP www.newportship.org Chairman’s Introduction Welcome to your May edition of the FoNS Newsletter. We are pleased to be able to bring more articles from varied contributors from within the membership, looking at subjects associated with the heart of our society. I find these fascinating and would encourage others to come forward and develop their ideas for the wider audience. Phil Cox, Chairman Desperately Seeking Secretary Many of you will know Sian King, our current Secretary who has brought order to our midst and doubtless hassled and harangued members for their renewal subscriptions as well as providing an excellent administrative service to the committee. Sian is standing down and we are desperately seeking somebody to fill her shoes. We intend to split the role, so that we are looking for a ‘Secretary’ to run the administration of the charity and to act as minute-taker. In addition, we are seeking a Membership Secretary to run the database, chase subscriptions, and distribute newsletters and other official papers as agreed by the committee. If you have the time and the inclination to undertake either or both of these roles, please get in touch with me at [email protected]. I have to say that Sian will be sorely missed at committee and I anticipate that she will continue to advertise the Newport Medieval Ship project through her other works. The Annual FoNS Trip This year we are visiting Pembroke Castle, the Sunderland Flying Boat Museum & Milford Haven Maritime Museum on Thursday 16th June.
    [Show full text]
  • 101 Viking Facts
    101 Viking Facts 1. Vikings were very clean people (at least by comparison to other people at the time!). 2. A Viking's most treasured weapon was his sword. They were handed down generations via inheritance, were often named and could be inscribed with runes by talented smiths to magically increase their power. 3. Viking longships could carry at least sixty men. 4. The nursery rhyme 'London Bridge is falling down' could be linked to a Viking named Olaf the Stout who fixed cables from longships to the bridge and pulled it into the Thames. 5. Viking pastimes included a Norse ball game called Knattleikr - which means ... erm ... ball game! 6. Onion soup was fed to the injured to identify injuries that were beyond treating! Stinky! 7. Vikings played Piggy in the Middle with rolled up bearskins. 8. Most Viking boots were made of goatskin. 9. Buttons hadn't been invented yet so toggles, clasps and brooches were used. 10. Some Vikings attached thrusting spikes to the centre of their shields to adapt them for offence as well as defence. 11. Everybody attended a big meeting called (wait for it) The Thing! 12. There were no toilets on longships! 13. Vikings navigated using bearing dials; astronomy; lodestones, sunstones and by releasing captured birds when they thought they were near land. 14. Erik the Red was so violent even fellow Vikings objected; exiling him from both Norway and Iceland. 15. Vikings believed in two groups of Gods - the Aesir (pronounced "Eye-Ear") and the Vanir. 16. Thursday is named after Thor, God of Thunder.
    [Show full text]
  • Firstly, OLD NORSE SHIP NAMES and SHIP TERMS Rudolf Simek
    26 OLD NORSE SHIP NAMES AND SHIP TERMS Rudolf Simek The nautical language of the North Sea Germanic area is a very elaborate and rich terminology. This was no les~ true at the time I am dealing with, namely the period from the Viking Age up to about 1400 A.D. This nautical language seems heavily dominated by the North Germanic languages, especially Old Norse. Therefore it may well be justified to take Old Norse as a starting point when one is dealing with the North Sea Germanic nautical terminology. In the bit of research I have done on this field so far I have mainly concentrated on the words meaning the ship as a whole. But there are of course many other aspects to the nautical language, such as shipbuilding, ship equipment, board life, journeys, and navigation. This last aspect, navigation, is an especially tricky one. Alan Binns from Newcastle has 'done important research in this field. But as I said, I will limit myself to the words and phrases mean­ ing the ship as a whole. And here we have to deal with three groups of terms: firstly, proper names, of which about 150 are handed down to us, secondly, terms just meaning ship or boat of one kind or another, and here we know of about 260 expressions of this sort, and thirdly, poetical circumscriptions, so called kenningar, of which I Jound about 560 in Old Norse poetry. I may now go into these three groups in further detail. As you can see, the group of proper names is the smallest of these three.
    [Show full text]
  • Medieval Shipping
    Medieval Shipping A Wikipedia Compilation by Michael A. Linton Contents 1 Caravel 1 1.1 History ................................................. 1 1.2 Design ................................................ 1 1.3 See also ................................................ 2 1.4 References ............................................... 2 1.5 External links ............................................. 2 2 Carrack 6 2.1 Origins ................................................ 8 2.2 Carracks in Asia ........................................... 10 2.3 Famous carracks ............................................ 10 2.4 See also ................................................ 12 2.5 References ............................................... 12 2.6 Further reading ............................................ 12 2.7 External links ............................................. 12 3 Cog (ship) 13 3.1 Design ................................................. 14 3.2 History ................................................. 14 3.3 Gallery ................................................. 15 3.4 See also ................................................ 15 3.5 References ............................................... 15 3.5.1 Footnotes ........................................... 15 3.5.2 Bibliography ......................................... 15 3.6 External links ............................................. 15 4 Fire ship 16 4.1 History ................................................. 16 4.1.1 Ancient era, first uses ....................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Very Brief History of Up-Helly-Aa
    The Galley’s role in Up-Helly-Aa The significance of the name Up- Helly-Aa has been variously interpreted over the years, but most commentators suggest that the expression owes its modern form to the Old Norse for weekend or holiday being the word Helly, thus Up-Helly-Aa being the end of helly or holidays. In its modern form the festival is not all that old with the addition of Galleys and a Viking A galley from the late 1980s with group of boys theme only coming about just over closely inspecting 100 years ago. ‘There was a strongly romantic Nordic revival towards the end of the nineteenth century, and it was perhaps unavoidable that the festival would somehow become tied with the Vikings. The first galley was burnt in 1889’.1 Prior to this, festivities included flaming tar- barrels being dragged through the street accompanied by indiscriminate gunfire. Regulation of ‘end of Yule’ celebrations came about in 1874 when the town clerk posted his final warning to the tar-barrellers. Interestingly, an N.B. at the end of the order states that ‘the commissioners have no intention of interfering with out-door harmless amusements’.2 Indeed, around the end of the 19th Century, Up-Helly-Aa evolved into a ‘harmless amusement’ and a self-policing event. Former tar-barrellers now instigated properly organised routes, rules for conduct and (should the Close-up of galley’s head need arise) discipline of participants, and marshals to oversee the procession itself. The prevailing spirit of Up-Helly-Aa was and still is one of comradeship, courtesy, conviviality, music, dancing and above all fun.
    [Show full text]
  • K-12 Educator's Guide
    K-12 Educator’s Guide By visiting this extraordinary collection of artifacts on loan from the National Museum of Denmark combined with interactive things to do, your students will have the opportunity learn the story of how fearless explorers set sail from Scandinavian lands in search of knowledge, resources, and influence. Over a thousand years later, the legend of the Vikings persists, but the full story of their achievements is less known. During your visit, students will: • Learn about Scandinavian cultures. • See 600 artifacts from the Age of the Vikings—approximately one thousand years ago. After your visit, students will: • Think about how science and technology help us understand the past. • Understand that spiritual beliefs influence history. Quick Tips ✓ The exhibit entrance is located on the upper level of the Nicholas and Athena Karabots Pavilion. Enter the exhibit via the main Bartol Atrium. Your students will walk up a ramp for access to the exhibit. ✓ On average, most groups will spend about 60 minutes in the exhibit, if carefully examining all of the displays. Restrooms are located in the Bartol Atrium. There are no restrooms inside the exhibit. ✓ The exhibition is located in two galleries—one in the Nicholas and Athena Karabots Pavilion and the other in the Mandell Center. Midway through the exhibit, you will exit the first gallery and follow a path along a ramp to enter the second gallery. ✓ There is no gift shop located within the exhibition. The Sci-Store in the Bartol Atrium has a selection of Vikings-themed merchandise available for purchase. ✓ No food or beverages are allowed in any of the exhibit galleries.
    [Show full text]