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Smad and NFAT Pathways Cooperate to Induce CD103 Expression in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes

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Smad and NFAT Pathways Cooperate to Induce CD103 Expression in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes Smad and NFAT Pathways Cooperate To Induce CD103 Expression in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes This information is current as M'Barka Mokrani, Jihène Klibi, Dominique Bluteau, of September 24, 2021. Georges Bismuth and Fathia Mami-Chouaib J Immunol 2014; 192:2471-2479; Prepublished online 29 January 2014; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302192 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/192/5/2471 Downloaded from Supplementary http://www.jimmunol.org/content/suppl/2014/01/28/jimmunol.130219 Material 2.DCSupplemental http://www.jimmunol.org/ References This article cites 56 articles, 27 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/192/5/2471.full#ref-list-1 Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision by guest on September 24, 2021 • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2014 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology Smad and NFAT Pathways Cooperate To Induce CD103 Expression in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes M’Barka Mokrani,*,†,‡ Jihe`ne Klibi,*,†,‡,1 Dominique Bluteau,x,2 Georges Bismuth,{,‖,# and Fathia Mami-Chouaib*,†,‡ The interaction of integrin aE(CD103)b7, often expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes, with its cognate ligand, the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin on tumor cells, plays a major role in antitumor CTL responses. CD103 is induced on CD8 T cells upon TCR engagement and exposure to TGF-b1, abundant within the tumor microenvironment. However, the transcrip- tional mechanisms underlying the cooperative role of these two signaling pathways in inducing CD103 expression in CD8 T lymphocytes remain unknown. Using a human CTL system model based on a CD8+/CD1032 T cell clone specific of a lung tumor–associated Ag, we demonstrated that the transcription factors Smad2/3 and NFAT-1 are two critical regulators of this process. We also identified promoter and enhancer elements of the human ITGAE gene, encoding CD103, involved in its induction Downloaded from by these transcriptional regulators. Overall, our results explain how TGF-b1 can participate in CD103 expression on locally TCR- engaged Ag-specific CD8 T cells, thus contributing to antitumor CTL responses and cancer cell destruction. The Journal of Immunology, 2014, 192: 2471–2479. ytotoxic T lymphocytes are major effector cells of the transplantation (5) and in promoting renal allograft rejection (6, 7). immune system, predominantly responsible for Ag-specific They are also involved in selective destruction of pancreatic http://www.jimmunol.org/ C clearance of tumors and infected cells. These effector cells islet allografts (8) and host intestinal epithelium during graft- exert their lytic activity following interaction of TCR with the versus-host disease (9–12), which can be prevented by CD103 specific peptide–MHC class I complex on target cells, mainly through deficiency (13). The aEb7 integrin is expressed at high levels by exocytosis of cytotoxic granules. Upon initial TCR-dependent target mucosal CD8+ T lymphocytes, in particular intestinal epithe- cell recognition, adhesion/costimulatory molecules, including lium lymphocytes (14), psoriatic skin epidermal CD8+ T cells integrins, are repositioned at the T cell–target cell contact zone (15), and cervicovaginal Ag-specific CTL (16). It is also found referred to as the immune synapse. This results in the formation of on mucosal mast cells and dendritic cells (17), CD4+ and CD8+ a signaling complex with intracellular proteins and the initiation T regulatory (Treg) cells (18, 19), and on a large proportion of of a transduction cascade, leading to execution of CTL effector CD8+ effector T cells infiltrating epithelial tumors, including by guest on September 24, 2021 functions, mainly killing of target cell and cytokine secretion. bladder (20), colorectal (21), pancreatic (22), ovarian (23), and lung Among integrin family members, the aE(CD103)b7 integrin cancers (1, 3). The restricted distribution of the aEb7 integrin is plays an essential role in TCR-mediated cancer cell lysis by inter- attributed to expression of the aE subunit (CD103), because the b7 acting with its ligand, the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin, on tu- subunit is widely distributed on T lymphocytes (24). mor cells, triggering the release of cytotoxic granules by specific It is now widely admitted that CD103 can be induced on CD8 + + CTL (1–4). CD8 /aEb7 T lymphocytes have been reported to play T cells residing in tissue microenvironments in which TGF-b1is a critical role in mediating tubular injury following allogeneic renal abundant, including epithelia, chronic inflammatory lesions (25), and tumors (26, 27), or during autoimmune processes (28) and renal allografts (6, 29, 30). Indeed, accumulating evidence indi- *INSERM U753, F-94805 Villejuif, France; †Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, cates that TGF-b1 is directly involved in CD103 induction upon x France; ‡Universite´ Paris-Sud, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1009, Gustave T cell activation (31, 32) and that its regulation occurs at the Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France; {INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; ‖Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8104, 75014 Paris, transcription level (33, 34). However, little is known about the France; and #Universite´ Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France molecular mechanisms that regulate expression of the ITGAE gene, 1Current address: Pasteur Institute, Paris, France. which encodes CD103. A proximal promoter region has been pre- 2Current address: Laboratoire De´veloppement du Syste`me Immunitaire, Ecole Pra- viously described, but it did not confer TGF-b1 responsiveness, tique des Hautes Etudes, Institut Universitaire d’He´matologie, Saint-Louis Hospital, suggesting the existence of distal control elements (34). In this re- Paris, France. port, we demonstrate that Smad and NFAT pathways cooperate to Received for publication August 20, 2013. Accepted for publication December 23, induce ITGAE gene expression in CD8 T cells. We also identify 2013. promoter and enhancer regulatory elements of the human ITGAE This work was supported by grants from INSERM, the Association pour la Re- cherche sur le Cancer (Grant SFI20111203599), and Institut National du Cancer, gene with effective Smad3 and NFAT-1 binding sites whose part- Projet Libre. nership activates CD103 expression and antitumor cytotoxicity of Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Fathia Mami-Chouaib, INSERM CD8 T cells after TCR engagement in the presence of TGF-b1. U753, Team 1: Tumor Antigens and T-Cell Reactivity, Gustave Roussy 114, Rue E´douard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France. E-mail address: [email protected] The online version of this article contains supplemental material. Materials and Methods Abbreviations used in this article: ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation; CsA, cyclo- T cell clone and tumor cell lines sporin A; siRNA, small interference RNA; Treg, T regulatory. The CD1032 T cell clone H32-22 was isolated from PBL of a patient Copyright Ó 2014 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 0022-1767/14/$16.00 suffering from a nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (35). This clone recognizes, www.jimmunol.org/cgi/doi/10.4049/jimmunol.1302192 2472 ROLE OF Smad AND NFAT IN ITGAE GENE EXPRESSION on the autologous tumor cell line IGR-Heu, a mutated a–actinin-4 epitope Construction of ITGAE promoter and enhancer reporter presented in a HLA-A2 context (36). plasmids and luciferase assay The IGR-Heu tumor cell line was established from the nonsmall cell lung carcinoma patient tumor, as previously described (36). Human leukemic ITGAE promoter and enhancer sites were predicted by Genomatix software CD8 T cell line, TALL-104, was purchased from the European Collection (http://www.genomatix.de). A 899-bp fragment of the ITGAE promoter of Cell Culture. The 293-T cells were obtained by transformation of human and a 843-bp fragment of the ITGAE enhancer were amplified by PCR 293 embryonic kidney cells by the large T Ag from the SV40 virus. Jurkat- from genomic DNA of the autologous CD103+ T cell clone Heu171 (1) Tag T cells, stably transfected with the SV40 large T Ag, were derived and cloned into the pGL4.12 vector (Promega) between SacI and XhoI from the human leukemia CD4 T cell line Jurkat. sites. Primer pairs used for amplification were as follows: promoter for- ward, 59-ATAGAGCTCCATCGCCACTCTGCACTTCCAGCAGCC-39 and Ab, chemical inhibitors, and flow cytometry analysis promoter reverse, 59-ATACTCGAGCATCCTTGCTGGAGCAGAGGCG- 9 9 mAb directed against CD8 and CD103 were purchased from Immunotech or GCTGTG-3 ; enhancer forward, 5 -ATAGGATCCCATTTACATGGGGT- 9 9 eBiosciences. Anti-CD3 (UCHT1) mAb were provided by BD Biosciences. CTTGTTCTGTCACCCAGG-3 and enhancer reverse, 5 -ATAGTCGAC- 9 Anti-Smad2, antiphosphorylated (phospho) Smad2, anti-Smad3, anti–phospho- CATGAGCAAGGATATAGAAGATATGAACAAC-3 . We then cloned the Smad3,
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