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Moskova Puhuu. Venäjän Strategisen Viestinnän Erityispiirteet

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Moskova Puhuu. Venäjän Strategisen Viestinnän Erityispiirteet Georgij Alafuzoff, Anders Blom, Mihail Kurvinen, Juha Pyykönen, Vilma Luoma-aho, Katerina Tsetsura Govorit Moskva – Moskova puhuu Venäjän strategisen viestinnän erityispiirteet Valtioneuvoston selvitys- ja tutkimus- toiminnan julkaisusarja 2020:16 ISSN 2342-6799 ISBN PDF 978-952-287-944-8 Valtioneuvoston selvitys- ja tutkimustoiminnan julkaisuja 2020:16 Govorit Moskva – Moskova puhuu Venäjän strategisen viestinnän erityispiirteet Valtioneuvoston kanslia, Helsinki 2020 Valtioneuvoston kanslia ISBN PDF: 978-952-287-944-8 Tekijän organisaatio: MDI Public Oy Helsinki 2020 Kuvailulehti Julkaisija Valtioneuvoston kanslia 4.5.2020 Georgij Alafuzoff, Anders Blom, Mihail Kurvinen, Juha Pyykönen, Vilma Luoma-aho, Tekijät Katerina Tsetsura Govorit Moskva – Moskova puhuu Julkaisun nimi Venäjän strategisen viestinnän erityispiirteet Julkaisusarjan nimi Valtioneuvoston selvitys- ja tutkimustoiminnan julkaisusarja ja numero 2020:16 ISBN PDF 978-952-287-944-8 ISSN PDF 2342-6799 URN-osoite http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-287-944-8 Sivumäärä 239 Kieli suomi Venäjä, viestintä, informaatiopolitiikka, informaatiovaikuttaminen, kulttuuri, arvot, Asiasanat tutkimus, tutkimustoiminta Tiivistelmä Selvityksessä käsitellään Venäjän strategista viestintää ja sen erityispiirteitä. Selvityksessä on keskitytty ylimmän valtiojohdon viestintään erotuksena alemman tason informaatiovaikuttamisesta. Siinä ei ole käsitelty viestintäalan teknologiakehitystä eikä syvennetty alalla esiintyviin uusiin lieveilmiöihin. Pääpaino on ollut venäläisen strategisen tason viestinnän ymmärtämisen lisäämisessä. Selvityksessä analysoidaan valikoituja aihealueita, kuten kieli ja kulttuuri, tärkeät historialliset tapahtumat, yhteiskunnalliset valtarakenteet sekä informaatiopolitiikan normatiiviset lähtökohdat. Selvitys pyrkii myös selvittämään ja lisäämään ymmärrystä sosiaalisista ja yhteiskunnallisista taustatekijöistä sekä niiden yhteyksistä laajempaan kansainväliseen kokonaisuuteen ja viestintään. Selvitys eroaa monesta lännestä tuotetusta tutkimuksesta siinä, että se perustuu suurelta osin venäjänkielisiin alkuperäislähteisiin. Lisäksi on haastateltu Venäjän viranomaisia, asiantuntijoita ja korkean tason vaikuttajia. Strateginen viestintä on kamppailua vaikutusvallasta ja narratiiveista, joilla pyritään vaikuttamaan toisten valtioiden ajatteluun ja toimintaan. Putinin Venäjän narratiivissa Venäjä kokee olevansa suurvalta, joka on pettynyt sääntöpohjaisen kansainvälisen järjestelmän epäonnistumiseen. Selvitystyön valossa Venäjän strateginen sanoma on säilytyt lähes muuttumattomana Putinin vuoden 2007 Münchenin puheen jälkeen. Loukattuna olemisen ja petetyksi tulemisen kokemuksella on hyvin keskeinen osa venäläisessä ajattelussa. Näitä yhdistää suvereniteetin ja koskemattomuuden ja ennen kaikkea itsenäisen ja vapaan päätöksenteon äärimmäinen korostaminen. Suomen kannalta Venäjän strateginen ajattelu on Neuvostoliiton romahtamisen jälkeen muuttunut merkittävästi. Suomi on EU:n jäsenmaa, demokraattinen oikeusvaltio ja hyvä naapuri. Venäjä ei koe Suomea vaikutusvaltaiseksi EU:n jäsenvaltioksi. Siksi ei Suomi myöskään ole Venäjän strategisen viestinnän tärkeäksi koettu kohde. Tämä julkaisu on toteutettu osana valtioneuvoston selvitys- ja tutkimussuunnitelman toimeenpanoa. (tietokayttoon.fi) Julkaisun sisällöstä vastaavat tiedon tuottajat, eikä tekstisisältö välttämättä edusta valtioneuvoston näkemystä. Kustantaja Valtioneuvoston kanslia Julkaisun myynti/ Sähköinen versio: julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi jakaja Julkaisumyynti: vnjulkaisumyynti Presentationsblad Utgivare Statsrådets kansli 4.5.2020 Georgij Alafuzoff, Anders Blom, Mihail Kurvinen, Juha Pyykönen, Vilma Luoma-aho, Författare Katerina Tsetsura Govorit Moskva – Moskova puhuu Venäjän strategisen viestinnän erityispiirteet Publikationens titel (Govorit Moskva – Moskva talar Särskilda funktioner i Rysslands strategisk kommunikation) Publikationsseriens Publikationsserie för statsrådets utrednings- och forskningsverksamhet namn och nummer 2020:16 ISBN PDF 978-952-287-944-8 ISSN PDF 2342-6799 URN-adress http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN: 978-952-287-944-8 Sidantal 239 Språk Finska Ryssland, kommunikation, informationspolitik, informationspåverkan, Nyckelord kultur, värden, forskning, forskningsverksamhet Referat Rapporten diskuterar Rysslands strategiska kommunikation och dess speciella funktioner. Rapporten fokuserar på kommunikation från den högsta statsledningen, i motsats till information på lägre nivå. Det handlar inte om den tekniska utvecklingen inom kommunikationssektorn eller går djupare i nya fenomen i sektorn. Tyngd har lagts på att öka förståelsen för rysk kommunikation på strategisk nivå. Studien analyserar utvalda ämnen, såsom språk och kultur, viktiga historiska händelser, sociala maktstrukturer och normativa metoder för informationspolitik. Studien syftar också till att klargöra och öka förståelsen för det sociala och samhälleliga sammanhanget och deras kopplingar till det bredare internationella sammanhanget och kommunikationen. Studien skiljer sig från många studier som producerats i Väst genom att den till stor del baseras på ryskspråkiga originalkällor. Dessutom har ryska myndigheter, experter och inflytelserika personer på hög nivå intervjuats. Strategisk kommunikation är en kamp för inflytande och narrativer som försöker påverka andra lands tänkande och handling. I Putins ryska narrativ ser Ryssland sig som en stormakt som är besviken över misslyckandet med ett regelbaserat internationellt system. Mot bakgrund av utredningen har Rysslands strategiska budskap varit praktiskt taget oförändrat sedan Putins München-tal 2007. Upplevelsen av att bli förolämpad och lurad är en mycket central del av det ryska tänkandet. Dessa förenas av en extrem betoning på suveränitet och integritet och framför allt på självständighet och fria beslutsfattande. Ur Finlands synvinkel har Rysslands strategiska tänkande förändrats avsevärt sedan Sovjetunionens kollaps. Finland är medlem i EU, en demokratisk stat som styrs av rättsstatsprincipen och en god granne. Ryssland ser inte Finland som en inflytelserik EU-medlemsstat. Därför är Finland inte heller ett viktigt mål för Rysslands strategiska kommunikation. Den här publikation är en del i genomförandet av statsrådets utrednings- och forskningsplan. (tietokayttoon.fi) De som producerar informationen ansvarar för innehållet i publikationen. Textinnehållet återspeglar inte nödvändigtvis statsrådets ståndpunkt Förläggare Statsrådets kansli Beställningar/ Elektronisk version: julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi distribution Beställningar: vnjulkaisumyynti Description sheet Published by Prime Minister’s Office 4 May 2020 Georgij Alafuzoff, Anders Blom, Mihail Kurvinen, Juha Pyykönen, Vilma Luoma-aho, Authors Katerina Tsetsura Govorit Moskva – Moskova puhuu. Venäjän strategisen viestinnän erityispiirteet Title of publication (Govorit Moskva – Moscow speaking Special features of Russian Strategic Communication) Series and publication Publication series of the Government’s analysis, assessment and research number 2020:16 ISBN PDF 978-952-287-944-8 ISSN (PDF) 2342-6799 Website address http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-287-944-8 (URN) Pages 239 Language Finnish Russia, communication, information policy, influence through information, Keywords culture, values, research, research activities Abstract The report discusses Russia's strategic communications and its unique features. The report focuses on communication by senior government officials, as opposed to lower-level information. It does not deal with technological developments in the communications sector or delve deeper into new peripheral phenomena in the sector. Emphasis has been placed on increasing understanding of Russian strategic level communication. The study analyzes selected topics, such as language and culture, important historical events, social power structures and normative approaches to information policy. The study also seeks to clarify and increase understanding of the social and societal context and their links with the broader international context and communication. The study differs from many studies produced in the West. It is largely based on Russian- language sources. Besides, Russian authorities, experts and high-level figures have been interviewed. Strategic communication is a struggle for influence and narratives that seek to influence other countries' thinking and action. In Putin's narrative of Russia, Russia sees itself as a superpower that is disappointed with the failure of a rule-based international system. In the light of the inquiry, Russia's strategic message has remained virtually unchanged since Putin's 2007 Munich speech. The experience of being offended and being deceived is a very central part of Russian thinking. An extreme emphasis on sovereignty and integrity and, above all, on independent and free decision-making unites this kind of thinking. From Finland's point of view, Russia's strategic thinking has changed significantly since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Finland is a member of the EU, a democratic state governed by the rule of law and a good neighbour. Russia does not see Finland as an influential EU Member State. Therefore, Finland is not an essential target for Russia's strategic communications either. This publication is part of the implementation of the Government Plan for Analysis, Assessment and Research. (tietokayttoon.fi) The content is the responsibility of the producers of the information and does not necessarily represent the view of the Government. Publisher Prime Minister’s Office Distributed
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