Metschnikowia Colchici Fungal Planet Description Sheets 257
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ramson Confusable with Poisonous Plants
E-article from the National Food Institute no. 2, 2012 Ramson confusable with poisonous plants Kirsten Pilegaard Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark ISSN: 1904-5581 Correctly identified ramson is not poisonous The National Food Institute, Technical University of Relatively little is known about the substances in ramson Denmark has assessed the possible toxic effects of compared to those in cultivated plants. Some studies have eating ramson, which in recent years has become a popular plant to gather and eat in Denmark. As such, chemically analysed the substances in ramson on its own or ramson does not contain harmful substances, but it compared them with the constituents found in for example, may be mistaken for poisonous plants. In particular, garlic (Allium sativum L.) or other onion (Allium) species. before flowering, ramson leaves can be confused with autumn crocus and lily of the valley. Several cases Ramson contains different types of sulphur-containing of poisoning have been reported in other European compounds, the so-called cysteine sulfoxides, which are countries, even with fatal consequences, as a result of also found in other onion species, for example garlic, and this confusion. various flavonoids (Schmitt et al. 2005, Štajner et al. 2008, Fritsch & Keugsen 2006). As such, ramson does not contain harmful substances. Ramson, bear garlic or wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) has for a long time been used abroad, but new Nordic cuisine In reviewing the literature, the National Food Institute, in particular has made ramson gathering in Denmark a Technical University of Denmark, has not found any popular activity. -
Tracing History
Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 911 Tracing History Phylogenetic, Taxonomic, and Biogeographic Research in the Colchicum Family BY ANNIKA VINNERSTEN ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS UPPSALA 2003 Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Lindahlsalen, EBC, Uppsala, Friday, December 12, 2003 at 10:00 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in English. Abstract Vinnersten, A. 2003. Tracing History. Phylogenetic, Taxonomic and Biogeographic Research in the Colchicum Family. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 911. 33 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-5814-9 This thesis concerns the history and the intrafamilial delimitations of the plant family Colchicaceae. A phylogeny of 73 taxa representing all genera of Colchicaceae, except the monotypic Kuntheria, is presented. The molecular analysis based on three plastid regions—the rps16 intron, the atpB- rbcL intergenic spacer, and the trnL-F region—reveal the intrafamilial classification to be in need of revision. The two tribes Iphigenieae and Uvularieae are demonstrated to be paraphyletic. The well-known genus Colchicum is shown to be nested within Androcymbium, Onixotis constitutes a grade between Neodregea and Wurmbea, and Gloriosa is intermixed with species of Littonia. Two new tribes are described, Burchardieae and Tripladenieae, and the two tribes Colchiceae and Uvularieae are emended, leaving four tribes in the family. At generic level new combinations are made in Wurmbea and Gloriosa in order to render them monophyletic. The genus Androcymbium is paraphyletic in relation to Colchicum and the latter genus is therefore expanded. -
Colonial Garden Plants
COLONIAL GARD~J~ PLANTS I Flowers Before 1700 The following plants are listed according to the names most commonly used during the colonial period. The botanical name follows for accurate identification. The common name was listed first because many of the people using these lists will have access to or be familiar with that name rather than the botanical name. The botanical names are according to Bailey’s Hortus Second and The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture (3, 4). They are not the botanical names used during the colonial period for many of them have changed drastically. We have been very cautious concerning the interpretation of names to see that accuracy is maintained. By using several references spanning almost two hundred years (1, 3, 32, 35) we were able to interpret accurately the names of certain plants. For example, in the earliest works (32, 35), Lark’s Heel is used for Larkspur, also Delphinium. Then in later works the name Larkspur appears with the former in parenthesis. Similarly, the name "Emanies" appears frequently in the earliest books. Finally, one of them (35) lists the name Anemones as a synonym. Some of the names are amusing: "Issop" for Hyssop, "Pum- pions" for Pumpkins, "Mushmillions" for Muskmellons, "Isquou- terquashes" for Squashes, "Cowslips" for Primroses, "Daffadown dillies" for Daffodils. Other names are confusing. Bachelors Button was the name used for Gomphrena globosa, not for Centaurea cyanis as we use it today. Similarly, in the earliest literature, "Marygold" was used for Calendula. Later we begin to see "Pot Marygold" and "Calen- dula" for Calendula, and "Marygold" is reserved for Marigolds. -
Jānis Rukšāns Late Summer/Autumn 2001 Bulb Nursery ROZULA, Cēsu Raj
1 Jānis Rukšāns Late summer/autumn 2001 Bulb Nursery ROZULA, Cēsu raj. LV-4150 LATVIA /fax + 371 - 41-32260 + 371 - 9-418-440 All prices in US dollars for single bulb Dear friends! Again, we are coming to you with a new catalogue and again we are including many new varieties in it, probably not so many as we would like, but our stocks do not increase as fast as the demand for our bulbs. We hope for many more novelties in the next catalogue. Last season we had one more successful expedition – we found and collected 3 juno irises never before cultivated (we hope that they will be a good addition to our Iris collection) and many other nice plants, too. In garden we experienced a very difficult season. The spring came very early – in the first decade of April the temperature unexpectedly rose up to +270 C, everything came up, flowered and finished flowering in few days and then during one day the temperature fell as low as –80 C. A lot of foliage was killed by a returned frost. As a result the crop of bulbs was very poor. The weather till the end of June was very dry – no rain at all, only hot days followed by cold nights. But then it started to rain. There were days with the relative air humidity up to 98%. The drying of harvested bulbs was very difficult. I was forced to clean one of my living rooms in my house, to heat it and to place there the boxes with Allium and Tulipa bulbs to save them from Penicillium. -
Colchicum Autumnale, Commonly Known As Autumn Crocus, Meadow Saffron Or Naked Lady, Is a Flowering Plant That Contains Colchicine
Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron or naked lady, is a flowering plant that contains colchicine. Autumn crocus is commonly sold at nurseries and places such as Wal- Mart that carry plants. Colchicine, having the ability to inhibit chromosome segregation, is used for inducing polyploidy in plant cells during cellular division. Inducing polyploidy with colchicine can make plants better in a variety of ways. Here is a method of making a solution of colchicine from autumn crocus that can be used for inducing polyploidy in plants. You will need; autumn crocus bulbs, a grinder, a way to filter the mixture, and a few bottles. Step 1. Grind the autumn crocus bulb(s) into a fine powder. I first chopped the bulbs to make grinding easier. I then used a coffee grinder and it easily powdered the chopped bulbs. Picture of chopped bulbs. Picture of the coffee grinder used. Picture of powdered bulb with non-powdered bulb. Step 2. Add about twice the volume of warm water to the powdered plant material and let it soak over night in a cool, dark place. Agitation may help extract more of the wanted alkaloids. Colchicine is fairly unstable, take steps to prevent it from decomposing. Picture of powdered bulbs in twice their volume of water. Step 3. After the powdered bulbs have soaked overnight, filter the mixture. If filtering is to difficult, allow for the particles to fall out and decent and keep the liquid on top. If you choose filtering, I recommend folding the filter paper over the remaining substance and pressing it with the back of a cup, pressing will get most of the liquid out. -
Úvod Abstract
ZPRÁVY LESNICKÉHOLUKÁŠOVÁ VÝZKUMU, K. – HOLUŠA 57, 2012 J. (3): 230-240 PATOGENY LÝKOŽROUTŮ RODU IPS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE): REVIEW PATHOGENS OF BARK BEETLES OF THE GENUS IPS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE): REVIEW KAROLINA LUKÁŠOVÁ1) – JAROSLAV HOLUŠA1,2) 1)Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Fakulta lesnická a dřevařská, Praha 2)Výzkumný ústav lesního hospodářství a myslivosti, v. v. i., Strnady ABSTRACT Some bark beetles of genus Ips occuring in Europe attack multiple tree hosts. is probably explains why some of the bark beetle diseases have also more hosts. For example Gregarina typographi was known from all of six analysed species and Chytridiopsis typographi from midgut epithelium of ve species of the genus Ips. On the other hand there is only one known species-speci c pathogen Larssoniella typographi described in Ips duplicatus. At present, around twenty species of pathogens were described in bark beetle subfamily Scolytinae, out of which ten are known in the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus. For most pathogens, only rare information is available about in uence on beetles: on the vitality, fertility, ight ability, hibernation, etc. Moreover, most experiments are conducted under laboratory conditions. In this paper we summarize the knowledge of pathogens (viruses, protozoa, fungi) and parasitic nematodes and give a comprehensive overview of detected pathogens in di erent species of genus Ips. Klíčová slova: rod Ips, mikrosporidie, gregariny, virus, populační hustota, předávání Key words: genus Ips, microsporidia, gregarines, virus, population density, transmission ÚVOD výzkum. Ještě slabší jsou znalosti o hlísticích. Všechny druhy vázané na rod Ips byly zpracovány v monogra i R (1956), od té doby Lýkožrouti rodu Ips (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) napadají bylo napsáno jen několik studií na toto téma. -
Snails As Taxis for a Large Yeast Biodiversity
fermentation Article Snails as Taxis for a Large Yeast Biodiversity Madina Akan 1,2, Florian Michling 1, Katrin Matti 1, Sinje Krause 1, Judith Muno-Bender 1 and Jürgen Wendland 1,2,* 1 Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, D-65366 Geisenheim, Germany; [email protected] (M.A.); fl[email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (K.M.); [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (J.M.-B.) 2 Research Group of Microbiology (MICR)—Functional Yeast Genomics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-6722-502-332 Received: 24 August 2020; Accepted: 15 September 2020; Published: 18 September 2020 Abstract: Yeasts are unicellular fungi that harbour a large biodiversity of thousands of species, of which particularly ascomycetous yeasts are instrumental to human food and beverage production. There is already a large body of evidence showing that insects play an important role for yeast ecology, for their dispersal to new habitats and for breeding and overwintering opportunities. Here, we sought to investigate a potential role of the terrestrial snails Cepaea hortensis and C. nemoralis, which in Europe are often found in association with human settlements and gardens, in yeast ecology. Surprisingly,even in a relatively limited culture-dependent sampling size of over 150 isolates, we found a variety of yeast genera, including species frequently isolated from grape must such as Hanseniaspora, Metschnikowia, Meyerozyma and Pichia in snail excrements. We typed the isolates using standard ITS-PCR-sequencing, sequenced the genomes of three non-conventional yeasts H. -
Genetic Admixture Increases Phenotypic Diversity in the Nectar Yeast Metschnikowia Reukaufii * Sergio Alvarez-Perez A, B, 1, Manpreet K
Fungal Ecology 49 (2021) 101016 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Fungal Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/funeco Genetic admixture increases phenotypic diversity in the nectar yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii * Sergio Alvarez-Perez a, b, 1, Manpreet K. Dhami c, d, , 1, María I. Pozo e, Sam Crauwels a, ** Kevin J. Verstrepen f, Carlos M. Herrera g, Bart Lievens a, Hans Jacquemyn e, a Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium b Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain c Biocontrol & Molecular Ecology, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand d Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA e Laboratory of Plant Conversation and Population Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium f VIB e KU Leuven Center for Microbiology & CMPG Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium g Estacion Biologica de Donana,~ CSIC, Sevilla, Spain article info abstract Article history: Understanding the relationship between population genetic structure and phenotypic diversity is a Received 24 February 2020 fundamental question in evolutionary biology. Yeasts display wide genetic diversity and exhibit Received in revised form remarkably diverse heterotrophic metabolisms that allow a variety of niche occupations. However, little 5 October 2020 is known about how intra-species genetic population structure is related to trait diversity in yeasts. In Accepted 23 October 2020 this study, we investigated the link between intra-species genetic population structure and trait diversity Available online 11 November 2020 in the floral nectar-inhabiting yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii (Ascomycota). -
Modes of Action of Herbal Medicines and Plant Secondary Metabolites
Medicines 2015, 2, 251-286; doi:10.3390/medicines2030251 OPEN ACCESS medicines ISSN 2305-6320 www.mdpi.com/journal/medicines Review Modes of Action of Herbal Medicines and Plant Secondary Metabolites Michael Wink Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-6221-544-881; Fax: +49-6221-544-884 Academic Editor: Shufeng Zhou Received: 13 August 2015 / Accepted: 31 August 2015 / Published: 8 September 2015 Abstract: Plants produce a wide diversity of secondary metabolites (SM) which serve them as defense compounds against herbivores, and other plants and microbes, but also as signal compounds. In general, SM exhibit a wide array of biological and pharmacological properties. Because of this, some plants or products isolated from them have been and are still used to treat infections, health disorders or diseases. This review provides evidence that many SM have a broad spectrum of bioactivities. They often interact with the main targets in cells, such as proteins, biomembranes or nucleic acids. Whereas some SM appear to have been optimized on a few molecular targets, such as alkaloids on receptors of neurotransmitters, others (such as phenolics and terpenoids) are less specific and attack a multitude of proteins by building hydrogen, hydrophobic and ionic bonds, thus modulating their 3D structures and in consequence their bioactivities. The main modes of action are described for the major groups of common plant secondary metabolites. The multitarget activities of many SM can explain the medical application of complex extracts from medicinal plants for more health disorders which involve several targets. -
And Meadow Saffron ( Colchicum Autumnale L.)
T + K (2004) 71 (3): 156 Case report from the "Clinical Toxicology" committee of the GTFCh Colchicine Poisoning after Mix-up of Ramsons ( Allium ursinum L.) and Meadow Saffron ( Colchicum autumnale L.) Frank T. Peters, Jochen Beyer, Andreas H. Ewald, and Hans H. Maurer Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, University of Saarland, University Hospital, Building 46, D-66421 Homburg (Saar), Germany; E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Ramsons ( Allium ursinum L.) is a popular spice and vegetable. When not in flower, it may be confused with Meadow Saffron ( Colchicum autumnale L.), a toxic plant containing colchicine. Several accidental poisonings with Meadow Saffron mistaken for Ramsons have been described in literature. The case presented here is an- other accidental colchicine poisoning after mix-up of these two plants. The patient had typical symptoms of colchicine poisoning such as vomiting and abdominal pain. Plasma and urine samples of the patient and left-over plant material were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry leading to detection of colchicine in the plant material, but not in plasma and urine. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of the plasma sample led to identification of colchicine. Semi-quantitative determination yielded a colchicine plasma concen- tration of 19 µg/L which is in the toxic range . Introduction Ramsons, Allium ursinum L., has become a very popular spice and vegetable, in part probably due to the back-to-nature movement. From a toxicological point of view, consumption of Ramsons itself is no cause for concern. However, upon the first look, the leaves of Ramsons are somewhat similar to the leaves of Meadow Saffron, Colchicum autumnale L., as can be seen in Figure 1, which shows a picture of Ramsons on the left and one of Meadow Saffron on the right. -
Some Insights Into the General and Fermentative Microbiota of Vineyard Soils
fermentation Article Looking at the Origin: Some Insights into the General and Fermentative Microbiota of Vineyard Soils Alejandro Alonso 1 , Miguel de Celis 1 , Javier Ruiz 1 , Javier Vicente 1 , Eva Navascués 2 , Alberto Acedo 3 , Rüdiger Ortiz-Álvarez 3 , Ignacio Belda 3,4 , Antonio Santos 1,* , María Ángeles Gómez-Flechoso 5 and Domingo Marquina 1 1 Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Unit of Microbiology, Biology Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain 2 Pago de Carraovejas, S.L.U., Camino de Carraovejas, s/n, 47300 Peñafiel, Valladolid, Spain 3 Science Department, Biome Makers Spain, 47011 Valladolid, Spain 4 Department of Biology, Geology, Physics & Inorganic Chemistry, Unit of Biodiversity and Conservation, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Móstoles, Spain 5 Departament of Earth Physics & Astrophysics, Physics Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-913-944-962 Received: 8 July 2019; Accepted: 27 August 2019; Published: 29 August 2019 Abstract: In winemaking processes, there is a current tendency to develop spontaneous fermentations taking advantage of the metabolic diversity of derived from the great microbial diversity present in grape musts. This enological practice enhances wine complexity, but undesirable consequences or deviations could appear on wine quality. Soil is a reservoir of important microorganisms for different beneficial processes, especially for plant nutrition, but it is also the origin of many of the phytopathogenic microorganisms that affect vines. In this study, a meta-taxonomic analysis of the microbial communities inhabiting vineyard soils was realized. A significant impact of the soil type and climate aspects (seasonal patterns) was observed in terms of alpha and beta bacterial diversity, but fungal populations appeared as more stable communities in vineyard soils, especially in terms of alpha diversity. -
Top 10 Plants Poisonous to Pets
Top 10 Plants Poisonous To Pets Tips from Pet Poison Helpline to Help Keep Your Pet Safe! Every day, Pet Poison Helpline receives dozens of phone calls from dog owners and cat owners saying, “My cat ate a lily!” or “My dog ate a plant. Is it poisonous?” Some of the most poisonous plants for dogs and cats are reviewed below. While there are thousands of species of plants and flowers, only a small percentage of plants are truly dangerous and poisonous to your pet. Make sure you know which plants are most deadly to avoid your dog or cat from getting into these poisonous flowers and poisonous plants! Autumn Crocus There are two Crocus plants: one that blooms in the spring (Crocus species) and the other in the autumn (Colchicum autumnale). The spring plants are more common and are part of the Iridaceae family. These ingestions can cause general gastrointestinal upset including vomiting and diarrhea. These should not be mistaken for Autumn Crocus, part of the Liliaceae family, which contain colchicine. The Autumn Crocus is highly toxic and can cause severe vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, liver and kidney damage, and respiratory failure. If you’re not sure what plant it is, bring your pet to their veterinarian immediately for care. Signs may be seen immediately but can be delayed for days. Azalea In the same family as rhododendrons, azaleas can have serious effects on pets. These plants contain grayanotoxins which disrupt sodium channels affecting the skeletal and cardiac muscle. All parts of the plant are considered poisonous, and as little as ingestion of 0.2% of an animal’s body weight can result in poisoning.