INFOFEST 2018

NRA POSITION FOR THE COMMUNICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF IPV4 TO IPV6 TRANSITION

ALEKSANDAR MASTILOVIC COMMUNICATIONS REGULATORY AGENCY BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BUDVA (MONTENEGRO) OCTOBER 01 – 06, 2018 INTRODUCTION

• IANA IPv4: pool ran out on February 3, 2011!! • What can we do? • Option 1: Do Nothing o Wait and See (what will happen) • Option 2: Extend Life of IPv4 o Force customers to NAT • Option 3: Deploy IPv6 IPV4 VS IPV6

• version 4 (IPv4) deployed on January 1, 1983 o 32-bits address space, expressed as 4 octets in “dotted” decimal notation (192.168.1.1) o Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) • IPv6 deployment began in 1999 o 128-bits address space, expressed in HEX form (e.g. 2001:4490:d9b2:ea38::500) o Theoretically, it can supports 340282366920938 trillion trillion unique addresses -> never ran out! IPV4 CURRENT SITUATION

• IANA Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: February 3, 2011 • RIR Address Pool Exhaustion Dates and Projection: o APNIC (Asia-Pacific): April 19, 2011 o RIPE NCC (Europe): September 14, 2012 o LACNIC (South and Central America / Latin America and Caribbean): Jun 10, 2014 o ARIN (North America / (USA, Canada and some Caribbean): September 24, 2015 o AFRINIC (Africa): May 23, 2019 (projected!) IPV4-BASED INTERNET (PUBLIC) ADDRESSING POOL IPV6 ADVANTAGES

• Larger address space • Global reachability • Built-In Security: IPSec is a part of the IPv6 protocol • Packet Header simplification -> faster and more efficient processing and routing • Better QoS • Mobility support across the networks IPV6 NEW APPLICATIONS

• Smart Technologies as a whole o Smart Grid system o Intelligent Traffic Management (ITS) system, including support for Autonomous Vehicles o Smart Healthcare system o Environment Control o Smart Home o Smart Cities (incl. all services as smart transportation, waste management…) NATIONAL REGULATORS IN ACTION

• Migration Strategy and Options • Migration (Action) Plan • Pilot Implementation • IPv6 Testbed for large organization • IPv6 Training and Education • IPv6 Compliance and Certification • IPv6 Auditing IPV6 TRANSITION MECHANISM

• Dual Stack • Tunneling • Address and Protocol Translation DUAL STACK

• Need v4/v6 communication support • Basis for other transition mechanism • Make security more complex as it requires separate security concepts and firewall rules for each protocol for both v4 and v6 protocol version • Keeping backwards compatibility and interoperability with existing TUNNELING

• Flexible and easy method for migration • The tunnel entry and exit points need time and CPU power for encapsulating and decapsulating packets • Exiting Single Points of Fail • Troubleshooting gets more complex ADDRESS AND PROTOCOL TRANSLATION

• This approach is just temporary solution for short time • It does not support the advanced features of IPv6, such as end- to-end security • Allows IPv6 hosts to communicate directly with IPv4 hosts and vice versa BUSINESS CHALLENGES FOR IPV6 DEPLOYMENT

• Large Investments in current IPv4 infrastructure (governments, regulators, ISP and Telco industry, huge number of devices for IPv4 existing….) • IPv4 still work (blinded problem!), NAT reduces IPv4 address requirement • Uncertainty of Market Demand • No clear IPv6 Business Model: Cost or Quality? • Prediction: IPv4 and IPv6 will co-exist for long time • There is no compatible end-user equipment • The is no back compatible options WHERE DOES IPV6 STACK

• IPv6 deployment suffers because of the lack of motivation • Lack of consumer push • What is native and real IPv6-only content and application? • Lack of IPv6 engineers skills • Non-availability of IPv6 testbeds for end-to-end testing • Lack of Government and Regulators incentives IPV6 DEPLOYMENT STRATEGY

• Build wider confidence in IPv6 as a technology: e.g. showcase IPv6 ready products and solutions • IPv6 Business model(s) for investments: Proof-in-Concept • IPv6/based applications: e-Governance / e-Goverment / Smart Public 9Citiyens) services, Smart Cities…. • Create Market Demand!!!! • Create National/Regional/Local task force and pilot projects IPV6 PILOT PROJECTS

• Demonstration: build confidence in IPv6 • Social benefits: create the impact in the community • Entrepreneurship, Innovations, New Ideas and Solutions INTERNATIONAL POLICY ON IPV6 DEPLOYMENT

• National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap • Key Policy guideline • Strategy • Action Plan • Pilot Project GERMANY ON IPV6

• German IPv6 Roadmap was launched in 2009. The objective is a complete technical and organizational setup for a centralized IPv6 public administration in Germany as of 2011. The German Federal Ministry of the Interior was allocated and administers a /26 IPv6 address block for all federal, state and local public administration in Germany at the end of 2009. In 2008, two large programs were launched to modernize the communication infrastructure of the public administration based on IPv6. In addition, IPv6 is being introduced through a variety of IPv6 projects and initiatives at different policy, organizational and technical levels, with numerous IPv6 pilot projects, working groups and activities at state and local level USA ON IPV6

• The United States has set a timeline for adopting IPv6 for use on public servers by the end of 2012. • Most od them working on Dual Stack mode right now! JAPAN ON IPV6

• In February 2009, MIC convened a "Study Group Concerning the Improved Use of IPv6 on the Internet". The MIC has developed an IPv6 testing platform to build IPv6 expertise. The "Task Force on IPv4 Addresses Exhaustion, Japan”, launched by MIC and industry associations in September 2008 helps interested Internet operators to build action plans, publicise IPv6 activities, and develop IPv6 educational programmes. UK ON IPV6

• The UK encourages a market‐led, needs‐driven approach. Encourage stakeholders to be proactive in adopting IPv6, while being mindful of their commercial needs and costs. The UK has set up 6UK, a not‐for‐profit membership organization founded in April 2010 to help the UK and UK organizations secure every competitive advantage available from the rapid adoption of the new protocol, and otherwise to make sure no segment of UK industry and wider society gets left behind.. WHAT DO WE NEED NOW

• Oversight committee – apex body for making policy decisions and responsible for guiding the task force by taking strategic decisions • Steering committee – for coordinating the activities of the Task force and oversee the activities of different working groups • Working Group(s) on different topics related with IPv6