Sr

1968 ec 31 L,

28 PALL MALs, LONDON. COMMONWEALTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOARD

Eighteenth General Report and STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNT 1st April 1968 to 31st March 1969

28 PALL MALL, LONDON S.W.I COMMONWEALTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOARD 28, Pall Mall, London, S.W.1

To the Right Honourable HAROLD WILSON, OBE, MP, Prime Minister of the of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. To the Right Honourable P. TRUDEAU, Prime Minister of Canada. To the Right Honourable J. G. GORTON, Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia. To the Right Honourable K. J. HOLYOAKE, CH, Prime Minister of New Zealand. To Mrs. INDIRA GANDHI, Prime Minister of India. To General A. M. YAHYA KHAN, HPk, H.J. SPk, Chief Martial Law Administrator, Pakistan. To the Honourable D. S. SENANAYAKE, Prime Minister of Ceylon. To Lieutenant-General J. A. ANKRAH, 00V, MC, Chairman of the National Liberation Council, . To the Honourable Y. T. M. TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN PUTRA AL-HAJ, KOM, CH. Prime Minister of Malaysia. To His Excellency Major-General YAKUBU GOWON, Head of Federal Military Government and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, . To His Beatitude Archibishop MAKARIOS, President of the Republic of Cyprus. To the Honourable SIAKA P. STEVENS, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone. To Mwalimu Dr. JULIUS K. NYERERE, President of the United Republic of Tanzania. To the Honourable H. L. SHEARER, Prime Minister of Jamaica. To Dr. the Right Honourable ERIC WILLIAMS, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. To His Excellency Honourable A. MILTON OBOTE, President of Uganda. To His Excellency Honourable MZEE JOMO KENYATTA, President of Kenya. To Dr. Ngwazi the Honourable HASTINGS BANDA, President of the Republic of Malawi. To His Excellency Dr. KENNETH KAUNDA, President of the Republic of Zambia. To the Honourable Sir DAWDA JAWARA, Prime Minister of . To Mr. LEE KUAN YEW, Prime Minister of Singapore. To the Honourable L. F. S. BURNHAM, QC, Prime Minister of . To His Excellency Honourable Dr. Sir SERETSE KHAMA, KBE, President of the Republic of Botswana. To the Honourable E. W. BARROW, Prime Minister of Barbados. To the Right Honourable MICHAEL STEWART, CH, MP, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs.

The Members of the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board have the honour to submit their report to 31st March 1969 and Statements of Account for the year ended 31st March 1969. DAWSON DONALDSON, Chairman T. A. NARAYANAN MENON, Malaysia C. J. GILL, United Kingdom M. S. ADEWALE, Nigeria S. T. GRANT, Canada J. C. CHRISTOPHIDES, Cyprus G. T. HUGHES, Australia E. S. S. PALMER, Sierra Leone T. N. MORRISON, New Zealand V. A. PANTON, Jamaica G. D. GOKARN, India W. ANDREW ROSE, Trinidad and Tobago (Vacant) Pakistan (Observer) TAN SENG CHYE, Singapore A. PATHMARAJAH, Ceylon A. H. SHEFFIELD, Other Commonwealth Territories C. A. G. COLERIDGE, Secretary General 27th March, 1969

2 CONSTITUTION OF THE BOARD

Partner Governments By the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement of 11th May 1948, the Governments of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India and Southern Rhodesia (the Partner Governments) agreed to establish the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board 'for the purpose of promoting the efficiencyand development of the external telecommunications services of the British Commonwealth and Empire'.This Agreement was modified by a supple­ mental Agreement, the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement, 1963, of 25th July 1963, which made certain amendments to the original Agreement and replaced the Third Schedule to the 1948 Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement by a new Form of Agreement between Partner Governments, the Board and National Bodies.

Since 1948 the following Commonwealth countries have adhered to the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement and have been admitted as Partner Governments: Ceylon 1st June 1951 Cyprus 1st April 1961 Nigeria 12th March 1962 Ghana 3rd April 1962 Malaya (now Malaysia) 1st September 1962 Tanganyika (now Tanzania) 30th January 1964 Jamaica 2nd July 1964 Kenya 7th August 1964 Sierra Leone 16th September 1964 Uganda 18th June 1965 Singapore . . 26th February 1966 The Gambia 31st August 1966 Guyana 13th October 1966 Botswana . . 8th February 1967 Barbados .. 15th April 1967 Trinidad and Tobago 17th April 1967

In I 954 the Federal Government of Rhodesia and Nyasaland assumed control over the external telecommunications of Southern Rhodesia, and other Partner Governments agreed that the Federation should take the place of Southern Rhodesia.On 31st December 1963, however, the Federation was dissolved and ceased to be a Partner Government.Since then the formermembers of the Federation have been admitted as Partner Governments, as follows: Southern Rhodesia 6th October 1964 Zambia 9th March 1965 Malawi 29th June 1965

The Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement, 1948, provided by Clause 10(1) that 'If any Partner Government ceases to be a member of the British Commonwealth and Empire that Government shall forthwith cease to be a Partner Government forthe purposes of this Agreement ...'. South Africa ceased to be a member of the Commonwealth on 31st May 1961 and in accordance with Clause 10(1) ceased to be a Partner Government on that date.

National Bodies In accordance with the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement the following Partner Governments nationalised the cable and radio systems in their respective territories and either established public corporations, or nominated government departments to own and operate them as below: Partner Government National Body Britain Post Office. Canada Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation. Australia Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia). New Zealand Post Office. India .. Overseas Communications Service, Government of India. Ceylon Posts and Telecommunications Department. Ghana Department of Posts and Telecommunications. Malaysia Telecommunications Department.

3 (C729604) A2 Partner Government National Body Nigeria Nigerian External Telecommunications Limited. Cyprus Cyprus Telecommunications Authority. Sierra Leone Sierra Leone External Telecommunications Company Limited. Tanzania East African External Telecommunications Company Kenya Limited. Uganda } Malawi Department of Posts and Telecommunications. Zambia General Post Office. Singapore Telecommunications Department. Botswana • • • Department of Posts and Telegraphs. Southern Rhodesia Ministry of Posts.

In accordance with new conditions for the admission of Partner Governments agreed upon in 1961 the following countries did not nationalise their external telecommunications; they appointed as their National Body the Company shown below: Jamaica . . Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. The Gambia Cable and Wireless Limited. Guyana . . Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. Barbados . . Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. Trinidad and Tobago Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited.

The Commonwealth Telecommunications Board (CTB) and its functions The Board was incorporated in the United Kingdom by the Commonwealth Telegraphs Act, 1949. It is composed of representatives of the Partner Governments with an independent Chairman.

The principal functions of the Board are : To make recommendations to the Partner Governments and to National Bodies on the following matters relating to their external telecommunications systems: The formulation and execution of the joint telecommunication policy of the Partner Governments, including the fixing of rates (terminal, transit and parcours proportions). Co-ordination of the development of the cable and wireless systems of the Commonwealth. Extensions and alterations to the telecommunication systems of National Bodies which do or might form part of the Commonwealth network. Co-ordination with the appropriate authorities on telecommunication matters affecting the defence of the Commonwealth or any part thereof. Co-ordination of research in telecommunication matters conducted by National Bodies. Any other telecommunication matter which may be referred to the Board by any of the Partner Governments or by any National Body.

At the request of the Partner Governments or National Bodies to conduct negotiations with foreign telecommunication interests on their behalf.

To promote and conduct research in telecommunication matters.

4 COMPOSITION OF THE BOARD

The constitution provides that the Board shall consist of members to be appointed as follows: (a) As to one (who shall be Chairman of the Board) jointly by the Partner Governments; (b) As to one, by each of the Partner Governments separately; (c) As to one, by Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom to represent British Commonwealth and Empire territories not directly represented by other Members. The term of appointment is for such period, not exceeding five years, as may be fixed at the time of appointment. A retiring member is eligible for reappointment. The following was the composition of the Board as at the date of this Report. Chairman Sir DAWSON DONALDSON, KCMG Britain C. J. GILL Canada S. T. GRANT Australia G. T. HUGHES (Chairman, Traffic Study Group) New Zealand T. N. MORRISON (Chairman, Finance and Rates Study Group) India G. D. GOKARN (Vice-Chairman) Ceylon A. PATHMARAJAH Malaysia T. A. NARAYANAN MENON Nigeria M. S. ADEWALE Cyprus • J. C. CHRISTOPHIDES Sierra Leone E. S. S. PALMER Jamaica V. A. PANTON Trinidad and Tobago His Excellency W. ANDREW ROSE Singapore TAN SENG CHYE Other Commonwealth Territories A. H. SHEFFIELD, CBE (Chairman, Technical Study Group) Secretary-General C. A. G. COLERIDGE, OBE

MEMBERSHIP NOTES

Vice-Chairman: Under the annual rotation of this Office Mr. C. A. R. Anketell, Member for Ceylon, succeeded Mr. A. H. Sheffield, CBE, on 1st April 1968, and on Mr. Anketell's retirement on 8th October 1968 (see below) he was in turn succeeded by Mr. G. D. Gokarn, Member for India. Canada: Mr. J. R. Baxter was succeeded by Mr. S. T. Grant with effect from 23rd May 1968. Ceylon: Mr. C. A. R. Anketell ceased to be Member for Ceylon with effect from 8th October 1968, and was succeeded by Mr. A. Pathmarajah with effect from 1 January 1969. Singapore: Mr. Chia Cheong Fook was succeeded by Mr. Tan Seng Chye with effect from 1st January 1969. Other Commonwealth Territories: Mr. A. H. Sheffield, CBE, in addition to representing the British Overseas Territories and Associated States, also represented the interests of the following Governments : Ghana, Zambia, Malawi, The Gambia, Guyana, Botswana and Barbados. 5 (C729604) A3 The Board continued, as in previous years, to remit questions requiring detailed examination to its Study Groups, for their consideration and advice. The composition of these Study Groups at the date of this Report was as follows: Finance and Rates Study Group Chairman T. N. MORRISON, Member for New Zealand Members G. T. HUGHES Member for Australia G. D. GOKARN Member for India T. A. NARAYANAN MENON Member for Malaysia M. S. ADEWALE Member for Nigeria A. H. SHEFFIELD, CBE .. Member for Other Commonwealth Territories E. SHARPE, MBE . . Deputy Director, External Telecommunications Executive, British Post Office G. P. OLVER Deputy Financial Adviser, The Telecommunications Fin- ance Department, General Post Office R. W. HARRISSON Assistant Chief Accountant, Cable and Wireless Limited Secretary W. W. DIMON

Technical Study Group Chairman A. H. SHEFFIELD, CBE, Member for Other Commonwealth Territories Members G. T. HUGHES Member for Australia G. D. GOKARN . . Member for India T. A. NARAYANAN MENON Member for Malaysia C. W. SOWTON, OBE .. Staff Engineer, External Telecommunications Executive, British Post Office A. S. PUDNER, MBE Engineer-in-Chief, Cable and Wireless Limited H. STANESBY Deputy Director of Engineering, British Post Office Acting Secretary F. C. BLACKMAN

Traffic Study Group Chairman G. T. HUGHES, Member for Australia Members T. N. MORRISON . . Member for New Zealand G. D. GOKARN . . Member for India T. A. NARAYANAN MENON Member for Malaysia M. S. ADEWALE . . Member for Nigeria A. H. SHEFFIELD, CBE Member for Other Commonwealth Territories J. V. R. BIRCHALL Deputy Director, External Telecommunications Executive, British Post Office P. A. McCuNN Traffic Manager, Cable and Wireless Limited Secretary F. C. BLACKMAN

6 COMMONWEALTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOARD

457th (FINAL) MEETING, ON THURSDAY, 27th MARCH, 1969

28, Pall Mall, London, S.W.1

(Australian Names (left to right): A. H. Sheffield, CBE (Member for Other Commonwealth Territories), G. T. Hughes A. Pathmarajah (Member for Ceylon), Member), C. J. Gill (Member for Britain), S. T. Grant (Canadian Member), T. A. Narayanan Menon (Malaysian D. Papasavvas (Alternate Member for Cyprus), F. C. Blackman (Traffic Officer), (Chairman), G. D. Gokarn Member), C. A. G. Coleridge, OBE (Secretary General), Sir Dawson Donaldson, KCMG (New Zealand Member), (Vice-Chairman and Indian Member), W. W. Dimon (Finance Officer), T. N. Morrison (Member for Singapore), M. S. Adewale (Nigerian Member), E. S. S. Palmer (Member for Sierra Leone), Tan Seng Chye H. E. W. Andrew Rose (Member for Trinidad and Tobago). CONTENTS

Section Page

I. INTRODUCTION . 9

II. HISTORICAL SURVEY 9

III. GENERAL SURVEY 12

IV. STUDY GROUPS . . 15

V. TRAFFIC . 16

VI. RATES 21

VII. THE BOARD'S ACCOUNTS 28 28 VIII. UNCOMPLETED BUSINESS

IX. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 28

STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNT

Annex

1. LIST OF BOARD MEMBERS PAST AND PRESENT

2. LIST OF CABLES AND RADIO CIRCUITS IN THE COMMON-USER SYSTEM

7

(C729604) A4 COMMONWEALTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOARD

Eighteenth General Report 1st April 1968 to 31st March 1969

I. INTRODUCTION

l. The 1966 Commonwealth Telecommunications Conference, in continuation of the 1965 Conference, considered, among other things, the question of the future of Commonwealth co-operation in telecommunications. As a result a recommendation was made to Governments that a new Organisation should be set up, and this was subsequently accepted by all Governments. An outline of the new Organisation was contained in the General Survey Section of the Board's Sixteenth and Seventeenth General Reports. The new arrangements, which are also referredto below (see Section III), involve the termination of the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board, and the necessary legal and formal steps have been completed forthe Board to cease operations on 31st March 1969.

2. This Report will, therefore, be the last General Report issued by the Board and the Board has decided in the circumstances to make some departures from the normal make-up of the Report. Section II outlines the history and general operations of the Board; and the General Survey (Section III) has been extended to include some of the principal developments in the telecommunications of National Bodies during the year, thereby enabling a section dealing with activities of individual National Bodies to be omitted.

3. The period covered by this Report is from 1st April 1968 to 31st March 1969, but in view of the need to prepare it before the final date of the Board's life, it relates mainly to the period ending 31st December 1968; and audited Accounts of the Board have been submitted up to that date only. (See also Section VH below.) A Statement of Accounts for the whole year, however, compiled partly on an estimated basis, is also included; and arrangements have been made for the audit of the accounts of the final period January-March 1969, in due course.

II. IDSTORICAL SURVEY

Period Preceding Formation of Board 4. In 1902 a jointly owned Government telegraph cable linking Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and Australia via Fanning Island was laid across the Pacific Ocean and a management group, the Pacific Cable Board, was set up consisting of representatives of the joint owners, viz. Britain, Australia and New Zealand.

5. Since that time there has continued some form of Commonwealth co-operation m tele­ communications and there has always been an associated Commonwealth committee.

6. The need for some positive overall co-ordinative action in Commonwealth long-distance telecommunications became increasingly apparent in the 1920s, during which period rapid developments were occurring in the radio sphere. The British long-distance cable systems were operated partly by private companies, partly by the British Post Office and partly by the Pacific Cable Board. The beam radiotelegraph services were operated partly by the British Post Office and partly by the Marconi Company. With such a complex set-up forming the background it was clear that unrestricted competition between the radio and cable systems could seriously prejudice the continuation in service of the latter and at that time this possibility bad serious implications.

7. This led, in 1928, to the calling of an Imperial Wireless and Cable Conferenceby the Governments of Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Irish Free State and India. The outcome was the creation of the Imperial Communications Advisory Committee (ICAC) with a membership representative of the above-mentioned countries and also of the Colonies and Protectorates. This Committee continued until 1944, exercising its authority in the direction of resisting the indiscriminate opening of new direct radio circuits and maintaining close interest in rating and other important aspects of the telecommunication services.

9 8. The War made a substantial impact on telecommunication operations, and a Commonwealth Conference in 1942 recommended that the ICAC should be reconstituted and renamed the Common- wealth Communications Council (CCC). This was effected in 1944 and the CCC, along with its normal duties, devoted much effort towards devising ways and means of improving the central co-ordination which was regarded by the Governments as essential to the consolidation and strengthening of the telecommunication systems of the Commonwealth. This work, together with a Commonwealth study tour by Lord Reith, prepared the way for a Conference in 1945, which led to the formation of a stronger organ than the CCC, viz. the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board (CTB).

The Commonwealth Telecommunications Board 9. By the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreement of 1 1 th May 1948, the Governments of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, India and Southern Rhodesia (the Partner Governments) agreed to establish the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board 'for the purpose of promoting the efficiency and develop- ment of the external telecommunications services of the British Commonwealth and Empire'. This Agreement was later modified by a Supplemental Agreement, dated 25th July 1963.

10. A basic objective of the Partner Governments was that policies and financial interests should be so unified as would enable the telecommunications system of the Commonwealth to be developed as a whole, both cables and wireless being used to best advantage. To this end the Governments agreed to acquire and operate the external telecommunication services in their respective territories and to establish the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board.

11. The Board was incorporated in the United Kingdom on 31st May 1949, by the Commonwealth Telegraphs Act 1949, its constitution, functions and organisation being as in the First Schedule to that Act.

12. Subsequent accessions to the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements occurred as follows: 1951 Ceylon 1961 Cyprus 1962 Nigeria Ghana Malaya (now Malaysia) 1964 Tanganyika (now Tanzania) Jamaica Kenya Sierra Leone 1965 Uganda Zambia Malawi 1966 Singapore The Gambia Guyana 1967 Botswana Barbados Trinidad and Tobago South Africa ceased to be a Partner Government in 1961 on leaving the Commonwealth.

13. The constitution of the Board provided for an independent Chairman appointed jointly by the Partner Governments, each of which was entitled to appoint a Member to the Board. A list of Members who have served is given in Annex 1 to this Report.

14. The functions as originally specified in the Agreement covered a very wide field, but in practice the Board's efforts over the years have been directed in the main to the consultative, co-ordinative and advisory sectors in relation to the efficient development and use of the Commonwealth telecom- munications network. An important associated task has been the prescription and administration of the joint financial arrangements of the Partnership known as the Wayleave Scheme'.

15. The Board has met regularly in London, normally at fortnightly intervals. It has been supported by various sub-committees and working parties, but the three main standing committees, viz. the Finance and Rates, Traffic and Technical Study Groups, have been the channels through which most of the Board's detailed work has been processed.

16. Three formal Board Meetings were held outside London, one each at Ottawa and Montreal in 1961, and one at New Delhi in 1964 during visits to Canada and India.

10 COMMONWEALTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOARD

- ' Wffi

TECHNICAL AND TRAFFIC MEETING (1950) 28, Pall Mall, London, S.W.I.

Back Row (left to right): H. Everett (Assistant Secretary, CTB and Secretary of the Meeting), E. G. L. Howitt (United Kingdom), G. H. Webster (Colonies Member, CTB), D. C. Balaam (United Kingdom), J. H. Tudhope (Canadian Member, CTB), Lieut-Colonel H. Myers (South African Member, CTB), D. F. Bowie (Canada), D. G. Peck (Singapore and Malaya), J. C. Dallow (Singapore and Malaya), J. Briggs (Nigeria), A. H. Mumford (United Kingdom), A. M. Humby (United Kingdom). Middle Row (left to right): P. A. Courtnay (Nigeria), N. S. Wickremasinghe (Ceylon), Colonel A. H. Read (United Kingdom Member, CTB), N. C. Chapling (United Kingdom), J. G. Young (New Zealand Member and Vice-Chairman, CTB), F. A. Binden (United Kingdom), Dr. R. L. Smith-Rose (United Kingdom), H. J. Hutchinson (Australia), S. R. Kantebet (India), C. F. Brimblecombe (Southern Rhodesian Member, CTB), J. L. Creighton (Colonies), V. H. Winson (Colonies), H. Faulkner (United Kingdom), J. A. Smale (United Kingdom), K. W. Hargrove (Trinidad), A. F. E. Evans (Engineer Officer, CTB), D. J. Robinson (Gold Coast). Front Row (left to right): A. E. Gagan (), G. Apperley (Australia), L. S. Payne (Canada), E. H. R. Green (New Zealand), Rt. Hon. Lord Reith (Chairman, CTB), Colonel Sir A. Stanley Angwin (Chairman of the Meeting), R. V. McKay (Australian Member, CTB), M. N. Mirza (Pakistan), A. S. McDonald (Australia), Colonel W. W--. Shaw-Zambra (Secretary General, CTB). 17. Four Technical and Traffic Meetings were convened in London by the Board as follows: 1950 15 Administrations participated 1955 19 Administrations participated 1960 21 Administrations participated 1964 19 Administrations participated These Meetings, which were open to representatives from all the Commonwealth countries and territories, whether of full partnership status or not, dealt with a wide range of items involving traffic and technical aspects of the operation and development of the Commonwealth system. They submitted recommendations to the Board regarding further studies and action. Full reports of the proceedings were published and given wide circulation.

18. Reviews of the Partnership's Financial Arrangements took place in 1952, 1958, 1964 and 1966, the second and fourth being held in conjunction with Commonwealth Telecommunications Conferences. The first and third were held under the aegis of the Board in London and New Delhi respectively.

19. From the beginning the Board has maintained contact with the Partner Governments and National Bodies through the Members representing them on the Board. The flow of information between Partners and the Board has been effected by the submission of proposals, notifications and enquiries for consideration by the Board and in the reverse direction by the circulation of CTB papers and minutes. These have covered all aspects of the Board's work, including development of the Commonwealth network, provision of new services, financial and technical matters.

The Commonwealth Network 20. At the time the Board was set up the Commonwealth network consisted of the long established and comprehensive intercontinental telegraph cable system, together with a number of cables between Britain and Europe and divers radio links throughout the world provided by the various Partners. During the succeeding decade the fast growing needs of the various services were met mainly by expansion of the radio sector where, in addition to increased facilities, operating efficiencies were considerably advanced.

21. However, by 1956 it became apparent to the Board that the growing demands for Common- wealth communications could not be met adequately either in quantity or quality by following a line of development dependent on such radio techniques as were likely to be available in the then foreseeable future. The Board, therefore, recommended to Partners that in future the trunk routes of the network should employ the newly developed coaxial cable technique, which would be capable of meeting the requirements of all services (telephone, telegraph and telex).

22. Following this recommendation the 1958 Commonwealth Telecommunications Conference laid plans for the progressive installation of such a cable system, embracing the already projected Britain to Canada link (CANTAT) and connecting ultimately with most of the other Commonwealth countries. It was decided that financial arrangements separate from the existing `Wayleave Scheme' should be applied. This, together with the practical tasks of arranging for the installation work and the subsequent exploitation of the new cable system, led to the formation of a management committee representative of the financing Partners. The membership has progressively increased as the system has been extended. The body is now known as the Commonwealth Cable Management Committee. Close liaison has been regularly maintained between the Board and this Committee.

23. More recently, other broadband media, notably tropospheric scatter and VHF radio systems, have been developed and put into use on some of the shorter Commonwealth routes.

24. The development of satellites in recent years as a telecommunications medium has made a heavy impact in the field of international telecommunications and several Partners are already making use of the new facilities. However, the long term relationship, both physical and financial, of such services to the existing Commonwealth network has yet to be decided.

Financial 25. One of the Board's early tasks was to devise suitable accounting arrangements covering the operation of the Commonwealth network. The system adopted provided that each National Body should have access to• the network for the disposal of its traffic on the basis of sharing the overall network expenses in proportion to the use it made of the network, net revenues being taken as the measure of use. This system (known as 'The Wayleave Scheme') has, with some adjustment and modifications over the years, including a separate wayleave scheme to cover the Commonwealth telephone cables mentioned under paragraph 22 above, satisfactorily met the Partnership needs for nearly 20 years.

26. However, the use of satellites has introduced new considerations which will call for careful study in the context of the existing financial arrangements. 11 Traffic Growth 27. Phenomenal growth has taken place in the telephone and telex services and also in respect of leased circuits. Even despite the resulting diversions to these facilities of certain traffic previously carried as public telegraph, the latter has maintained a steady increase, the growth over the past decade being 28 per cent. In the same period Commonwealth originated telex traffic has leapt from 7 to 44 units (millions of paid minutes) and telephone traffic from 19 to 83 units.

28. The Board's experience has confirmed that, in the field of telecommunications, increases in the efficiency and capacity of the facilities invariably produce a strong stimulus to traffic demands, even to the extent of rapidly overtaking the facilities provided.

Rates 29. The Commonwealth collaborative arrangements in respect of the network and the associated financial scheme have led to a high level of operating efficiency, have afforded effective safeguards against foreign competition, and have sustained an overall viability of the system. The most significant outcome of this has been the ability to keep service rates at a relatively low level, which has meant considerable advantage to the customer public.

30. Some details of the current rating structure are tabulated in Section VI of this Report.

Termination of the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board 31. It will be apparent from the above that there have been a number of very significant developments since the Board was launched in 1949. The number of Partners has increased from 7 to 25, the Commonwealth network has mushroomed in size and complexity, and there have been spectacular and far-reaching advances in technology.

32. Considerations such as these led the Commonwealth Telecommunications Conferences of 1965 and 1966 to recommend to Governments the setting up of a new Organisation in the field of co-operation in Commonwealth telecommunications which would be equipped to enable it do deal effectively with the fast changing modern scene. With the establishment of the new Organisation, the need for the Board would no longer exist.

33. The new Organisation would comprise the following organs: (1) Commonwealth Conferences on Telecommunications (meeting at three-yearly intervals); (2) A Commonwealth Telecommunications Council, a continuing body meeting at least once a year; (3) The Commonwealth Telecommunications Bureau, serving as a Secretariat for the whole Organisation and located in London.

34. Following the acceptance by Governments of the above recommendation, the necessary action was taken to establish the new Organisation and to have all the associated legal formalities finalised. The latter included the repeal of appropriate sections of the Commonwealth Telegraphs Act 1949, the signing of a Terminating Agreement to terminate the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements, 1948 and 1963, thereby dissolving the Board, and the signing of a new Financial Agreement. The way was thus cleared for the complete change-over in Organisation to take place on 31st March 1969; and the Board has directed its efforts accordingly.

III. GENERAL SURVEY

New Telecommunications Organisation 35. The new Commonwealth Telecommunications Council held its Third Meeting in Montreal in August 1968, under the Chairmanship of the Australian Representative. It completed arrangements for establishing the Bureau, which had come into being on 1st May 1968, with the appointment of the General Secretary. It also considered such matters as procedures for the Council and the Bureau, the Budget for 1968/69, the effects of Sterling devaluation and technical assistance.

36. The Board and the Council have continued to maintain close liaison during the period of overlap. The Chairman of the Board attended the Third Council Meeting and has been kept fully informed of Council business. The Board for its part has advised the Council of its progress in carrying out the various tasks involved in the process of winding up its affairs. The General Secretary of the Bureau has regularly attended Board Meetings.

37. Accommodation has been made available in the Board premises for the General Secretary and other members of the Bureau staff as they have been appointed. This has facilitated close collaboration

12 between the Chairman and Secretariat of the Board and the Bureau. After 31st March 1969, the Bureau will continue to occupy the Board premises at 28 Pall Mall and arrangements are being made to hand over to the Bureau much of the Board's furniture and office equipment.

38. The majority of the Board's staff, other than those on secondment or due to retire, have been offered employment in the Bureau and most of them have accepted. The Board service of those eligible for pension will be aggregated with their subsequent service in the Bureau.

New Financial Agreement 39. The Commonwealth Telecommunications Organisation Financial Agreement 1969, which will come into effect on 1st April 1969, was signed by representatives of the Partner Governments in London on 27th January 1969. It will replace those parts of the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements 1948 and 1963, which relate to financial matters.

Terminating Agreement 40. The Terminating Agreement, which will formally terminate the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements 1948 and 1963, on 1st April 1969, was signed in London at the same time as the new Financial Agreement.

Continuing Developments in Telecommunications 41. Telephone Cables. These now provide the links on the heavy traffic Commonwealth routes, i.e. from Britain to Canada, New Zealand, Australia and on to Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia, as well as between Britain and Europe and from Britain, Australia, New Zealand and South-East Asia to the USA. Work proceeded on the Canada—Bermuda cable (CANBER), and two new 480-circuit cables from Britain to the Continent were brought into use in 1968: one to Norway, the other to the Netherlands. The Portugal—South Africa 360-circuit cable was completed in November 1968, and access from Britain has been obtained via landlines across the Continent pending the laying of a Britain—Portugal cable (to be ready in 1969).

42. Satellite Communications. Regular commercial use of satellite circuits to supplement the telephone cables is now established between Australia and the USA/Canada, between Britain and the USA/Canada and between Canada and Europe, whilst the Ascension and Carnarvon (Australia) earth stations have been in use for the Apollo programme.

43. In Britain the second Goonhilly aerial was completed in November 1968, and brought into service in January 1969. Work proceeded on earth stations in India, Hong Kong and Bahrain, and plans were advanced for new stations in Australia (third and fourth stations), New Zealand, Malaysia, Nigeria, East Africa and Jamaica.

44. Other Broadband Systems. For shorter haul routes VHF, tropospheric scatter and microwave radio systems are now operating in several parts of the Commonwealth.

45. A new tropospheric scatter system between Cyprus and Crete, providing a broadband link to Greece, was opened in 1968, and a similar link between Trinidad and Guyana was due to be ready for service in February 1969.

46. The Antigua—Guadeloupe VHF link became operational in May 1968.

47. In the Arabian Gulf area Fujairah (Trucial States) was connected to the international network by a VHF link with Dubai, whilst progress was made with the construction of a tropospheric scatter system between Bahrain and Dubai.

48. Telegraph Cables. Two more telegraph cables (Larnaca—Haifa and St. Helena—Capetown) were abandoned during the period, as other media became available on these routes; and a large number of cables, though not formally abandoned, are no longer used.

49. HF Radio. This is still used extensively on many of the long-distance Commonwealth routes, i.e. those not served by telephone cables. New transmitting and receiving stations were opened in Malaysia and new aerial systems in Ceylon and India. Work proceeded on the construction of the new international receiving and transmitting stations in Zambia. A number of new direct HF radio circuits were established during 1968.

Development and Modernisation of Systems of National Bodies 50. Many National Bodies pressed ahead with extension and modernisation of their systems, and in addition to the items mentioned in paragraphs 41-47 and 49 above the following developments are recorded. 13 51. Australia (1) A computer-controlled telegraph message relay system for the international service was brought into operation in February 1969. (2) Subscriber dialling telex service to Britain was established. (3) New leased circuit facilities were provided for high speed data transmission to special aircraft participating in the Apollo programme.

52. Britain (1) International subscriber dialling was introduced on telephone service with Norway in August 1968, and its extension to Italy by the end of March 1969, was planned. (2) The international Datel test centre was opened in London in December 1968, and extensions to the international Datel system were made as follows : Datel 600 service was opened between Britain and Sweden and is now available to six European countries and to the USA; Datel 100 service was introduced to nine European countries; Datel 200 service will be opened to the USA and nine European countries on completion of engineering tests.

53. Canada. The automatic telegraph message switching centre in Montreal was placed in service in April 1968.

54. Cyprus (1) Telex service was introduced in Cyprus in January 1969, and direct circuits were opened with Britain, Greece and Italy. (2) Installation of the first phase of the automatic telegraph message switching system for use by the Department of Civil Aviation was completed. Phase 2 (public message system) will follow later.

5. East Africa. The East African External Telecommunications Company Limited took over from Cable and Wireless Limited on 1st June 1968, the operation of the overseas telegraph and radio stations in Zanzibar.

56. Malawi. An automatic telex exchange was opened in April 1968.

57. Malaysia. The new radio transmitting station near Kuala Lumpur, which was completed during the year (see paragraph 49 above), makes use of high-gain directional rhombic aerials. There are also six log-periodic antennae arranged in a circle to propagate in any azimuth direction. 58. New Zealand (1) Automatic subscriber dialling to Australia, Britain, Canada, Fiji, Hawaii, Japan, USA and via Britain to a number of European countries was introduced on the international telex service in July 1968. (2) An international automatic telephone exchange was due to be commissioned early in 1969, which will handle 60 international circuits with CCITT No. 5 Signalling, and an extension is planned for 1970 to increase the capacity to 100 circuits.

59. Trinidad and Tobago. In June 1968, the 12-channel 4 kHz tropospheric scatter system between Trinidad and Barbados was converted to a 16-channel 3 kHz group in order to provide additional capacity out of Trinidad and Tobago.

60. Zambia. A new automatic telex exchange was brought into use at Lusaka in October 1968.

61. Lincompex. The Board followed with interest the widening application of Lincompex (LINked COMPressor and EXpander) terminal equipment to HF radiotelephone circuits as a means of improving their quality and traffic handling capacity. Following the successful trials of this equipment and its entry into operational use on certain selected long-distance routes mentioned in the last Report, commercial production of sets took place in 1968 and by the end of the year they were in use on a large number of routes.

62. In Britain some 30 Lincompex terminals have been installed and this is expected to increase to 50 in 1969. The equipment has been applied to radio telephone services operating to certain ships at sea as well as to Commonwealth and foreign circuits.

63. Other National Bodies introduced Lincompex on their HF radiotelephone services, or planned its introduction as follows : Australia . . eleven units to be installed during 1969. Ceylon .. one Colombo—London channel equipped; second channel planned. 14 Cyprus planned to equip the Nicosia-London route by the end of 1969. East Africa introduced on Nairobi-London and Nairobi-Bahrain circuits. Jamaica equipment ordered for services to Barbados, British Honduras and Turks Island. Malawi Limbe-Nairobi link equipped in December 1968. The Gambia .. installation on the London circuit planned. Zambia equipment ordered for the London, Nairobi and Dar es Salaam circuits for installation in 1969.

Financial Matters 64. Devaluation of Sterling and certain other Currencies. The Board's study of the effects of devaluation on the First Wayleave Scheme, which was begun in the previous year, was continued, and an evaluation was completed and circulated to Partners. Following on this evaluation, the Board has more recently had under discussion the particular effect of devaluation on terminal charges.

65. First Wayleave Scheme Accounts. The Board has made special efforts to bring up to date the consolidation of annual accounts of the First Wayleave Scheme which fora variety of reasons have been heavily delayed. Unfortunatelythe continued late submission of audited Statements by National Bodies has prevented the achievement of the Board's target; and it is a matter of regret that, though two years' accounts have recently been completed and it is hoped that those of another may yet be consolidated, accounts for the years 1965/66 onwards will still be outstanding at 31st March 1969.

66. It is, therefore, unavoidable that the First Wayleave Scheme accounts which thus remain uncompleted at 31st March 1969, will require to be finalised in due course by the Bureau.

Telephone Services 67. Telephone traffic continued to grow at a high rate. As may be seen from the statistics in Section V, telephone traffic rose in 1968/69 by an estimated 15 per cent and is expected to reach a total of some 181,000,000 paid minutes. Provision for this growth is reflected in the improved and expanded facilities mentioned in paragraphs 41-47 and 49 and this provision in itself is expected to further stimulate traffic. Many new services were opened during the year, mostly switched services making use of existing circuits.

68. Station-to-station telephone service at reduced rates was extended during the year to the following relations: Australia-Canada and the USA; Canada-Bermuda, Hong Kong, Ireland, and Jamaica.

Telex Services 69. International telex was introduced during the year in British Honduras, Cyprus and The Gambia. Throughout the Commonwealth many new services were opened, both direct and switched, and traffic continued to grow at a very high rate. Total estimated trafficfor 1968/69, amounting to over 94,000,000 paid minutes, is expected, as may be seen from the statistics in Section V, to show an increase of approximately 17 per cent over 1967/68; but many National Bodies have reported increases of over 40 per cent.

70. A problem related to this rapid growth has been the development of congestion in the London International Telex Exchange which has adversely affectedmost services and particularly those involving manual transit switching in London. The difficulty has resulted from delays in the implementation of Britain's planned development of the switching system because of supplying contractors' failure to meet scheduled dates.The position is now well in hand and full relief is expected during the forthcoming year.

Telegraph Services 71. In spite of the high level of growth of telex and telephone traffic and the continuing growth of leased circuits, the public telegraph service has maintained an upward trend. An increase of 1 · 1 per cent, compared with the previous year, has been estimated for 1968/69.

IV. STUDY GROUPS Technical Study Group 72. The Technical Study Group, which held five meetings during the year, considered the technical aspects of development of National Bodies' systems and other technical matters referred to it by the Board. Items of particular interest were the success of the Lincompex System, development of communications in Cyprus, proposed Tropospheric Scatter Systems and Satellite Earth Stations. In addition to its normal oversight of the World Map associated with the General Report, arrangements were made for an additional larger scale map of the telecommunications services in the Bermuda, Bahamas and Caribbean area to be prepared and circulated.

15 Traffic Study Group 73. The Traffic Study Group continued its consideration of the traffic operational aspects of the Commonwealth telecommunications services and held fifteen meetings during the year.

74. The principal subjects that came under consideration, other than routine matters (e.g. Quarterly Traffic Reports from National Bodies), were: (1) Review of the CTB procedure for new services- (a) procedure for Leased Circuits to foreign destinations; and (b) re-routing of services, particularly where, in such re-routing, a foreign switching point replaced a Commonwealth switching point. (2) Report on the need to reduce errors in the telegraph service under fully automatic message relay conditions. (3) Traffic aspects of the Cyprus National Body's Telegraph Transit Scheme.

Finance and Rates Study Group 75. The Study'Group held fifteen meetings during the nine months to 31st December 1968, the same number as in the whole of the previous year. This reflects the continuous work undertaken in connection with financial studies arising from devaluation of Sterling and certain other Commonwealth currencies in November 1967.

76. The evaluation referred to in last year's General Report (paragraph 26) of the effects of devaluation on Partners' finances under the First Wayleave Scheme was carried out, and the results were reported to the Board. Apart from the First Wayleave arrangements, devaluation has also given rise to problems in other financial areas (e.g. the preparation and settlement of traffic accounts), to which solutions are being sought.

77. The study of revised Commonwealth press terminal charges and terminal operating allowances also referred to in last year's Report (paragraph 27) was completed, and recommendations made to the Board were adopted and have subsequently been accepted by most Partner Governments.

78. It is the normal function of the Study Group to examine the First Wayleave Scheme accounts submitted annually by each National Body to the Board, and to consolidate them when all are available. Endeavours have been made to reduce the backlog of these accounts and the position has been considerably advanced.

79. The Study Group has also been concerned with specific problems remitted to it by the Board in regard to rate fixingin the international accountingfield, and to the interpretation of certain common­ user cost definitions.

Joint Study Group Meetings 80. In the early part of 1968 Cyprus submitted to the Board detailed proposals forthe development of Cyprus as a Commonwealth transit centre for telegraph services and sought the Board's views on these proposals. The Board considered that since they involved traffic and technical aspects as well as financial considerations, the matter would be most appropriately dealt with by the three Study Groups meeting jointly, under the chairmanship of the Chairman of the Finance and Rates Study Group.

81. Six Joint Meetings were held, as a result of which the Board was enabled to proffer the advice sought by Cyprus.

V. TRAFFIC Traffic Statistics 82. The Board prepares annual statistics of Telegraph, Telephone, Telex and Phototelegraph trafficcarried on the Commonwealth telecommunications system. These detailed statistics are published in a separate printed document, and those for 1968/69 will be published as soon as they become available. For the purposes of this Report, however, it has been necessary to estimate traffic data for the second half of 1968/69, in order to complete the Report during the life of the Board.

83. The statistics cover only those services available for public traffic. Leased telegraph and telephone circuits carry considerable traffic (and produce substantial revenue), but it is not possible to obtain statistics of the traffic carried on them.

84. Quarterly Traffic Reports giving details of the operational working of the various services are received from the National Bodies and are considered by the Board.

85. In the following paragraphs Tables A, B and C give a summary of the estimated 1968/69 traffic, together with a similar summary of actual 1967/68 traffic for comparison.

16 Telegraph Paid Words 86. Distribution of telegraph traffic among the National Bodies is shown below. Total telegraph traffic originated by National Bodies and received (terminal and transit) from foreign countries and Commonwealth countries not Partners to the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements for the year ended 31st March 1969, is estimated at 961,930,000 paid words, an increase of 1.1 per cent on the previous year.

TABLE A

Paid Words (thousands) % Increase (+) National Body Decrease (-) 1967/68 1968/69 (actual) (estimated) (See Note b)

Australia 80,474 86,480 + 7.6 Barbados 10,631 3,130 Botswana 37 40 + 8.0 Britain 620,421 622,290 + 0.3 Canada 41,399 a 46,470 +12.2 Ceylon 10,452 10,780 + 3.1 Cyprus .. 5,350 5,300 - 1.0 {Kenya .. 9,031 a 9,180 + 1.6 East Africa Uganda 2,008 a 1,970 - 1.9 Tanzania 3,606 a 3,620 0.4 Ghana .. 4,175 4,570 + 9.5 Guyana 2,735 2,910 + 6.4 India .. 71,646 71,770 + 0.2 Jamaica 12,332 13,200 7.1 Malawi 1,386 1,450 + 4.7 Malaysia .. 10,223 11,220 + 9.8 New Zealand 20,792 21,520 + 3.5 Nigeria .. 8,435 8,100 - 4.0 Sierra Leone 1,775 1,980 +11.5 Singapore .. 25,086 a 26,600 + 6.0 The Gambia.. 303 300 - 1.0 Trinidad and Tobago 4,904 4,400 -10.3 Zambia .. 4,442 a 4,650 + 4.7

Total 951,643 a 961,930 + 1.1

Notes

a Corrected totals for 1967/68. b Estimated traffic 1968/69 compared with actual traffic 1967/68. c Percentage change not representative due to major changes in the routing of traffic.

17

(C729604) Telephone Paid Minutes 87. Distribution of telephone traffic among the National Bodies is shown below. Total telephone traffic originated by National Bodies and received (terminal and transit) from foreign countries and Commonwealth countries not Partners to the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements, for the year ended 31st March 1969, is estimated at 181,103,000 paid minutes, an increase of 14.8 per cent on the previous year.

TABLE B

Paid Minutes (thousands) /Increase (+) National Body Decrease (—) 1967/68 1968/69 (actual) (estimated) (See Note b)

Australia .. .. .. 3,615 4,754 +31.5 Barbados .. .. .. 638 723 +13.3 Botswana .. .. .. 1 1 — Britain .. .. .. 142,037 161,590 +13.8 Canada .. .. .. 4,520 a 5,792 +28.1 Ceylon .. .. .. 46 54 +17-4 Cyprus .. .. .. 404 512 +26.7 {Kenya .. .. 141 244 +73.p East Africa Uganda 42 75 +78.6 Tanzania .. 41 68 +65.9 Ghana .. .. .. 110 125 + 13.6 Guyana .. .. .. 68 75 +10.3 India .. .. .. .. 305 324 + 6 • 2 Jamaica .. .. .. 2,186 2,549 +16.6 Malawi .. .. .. 34 60 +76.4 Malaysia .. .. .. 440 477 + 8 • 4 New Zealand .. .. 1,496 1,676 +12.0 Nigeria .. .. .. 131 156 +19.1 Sierra Leone .. .. .. 16 18 + 12.5 Singapore .. .. .. 805 1,089 + 35.3 The Gambia .. .. .. 5 6 +20.0 Trinidad and Tobago .. 575 679 +18.1 Zambia .. .. .. 53 56 + 5 • 7

Total .. .. 157,709 a 181,103 +14.8

Notes a Corrected total for 1967/68. b Estimated traffic 1968/69 compared with actual traffic 1967/68.

18 Telex Paid Minutes 88. Distribution of telex traffic among the National Bodies is shown below. Total telex traffic originated by National Bodies and received (terminal and transit) from foreign countries and Common- wealth countries not Partners to the Commonwealth Telegraphs Agreements, for the year ended 31st March 1969, is estimated at 94,534,000 paid minutes, an increase of 17.5 per cent on the previous year.

TABLE C

Paid Minutes (thousands) % Increase (+) National Body Decrease (—) 1967/68 1968/69 (actual) (estimated) (See Note b)

Australia .. .. .. 1,918 2,555 +33.2 Barbados .. .. .. 39 56 +43.6 Botswana .. .. .. — — e Britain .. .. .. 74,645 86,613 + 16.0 Canada .. .. .. 1,532 a 2,194 +43.2 Ceylon .. .. .. 126 187 +48.4 Cyprus .. .. .. — 27 c Kenya .. .. 129 220 +70.6 East Africa {Uganda .. 17 25 +47.1 Tanzania .. 26 41 + 57.7 Ghana .. .. .. 104 127 +22.1 Guyana .. .. .. 17 31 +82.4 India .. .. .. .. 614 792 +29.0 Jamaica .. .. .. 60 97 +61.6 Malawi .. .. .. 6 7 + 16.7 Malaysia .. .. .. 108 123 +13.9 New Zealand .. .. 383. 521 +36.0 Nigeria .. .. .. 227 287 +26.4 Sierra Leone .. .. .. 56 54 — 3 . 6 Singapore .. .. .. 363 420 +15.7 The Gambia .. .. .. — 3 d Trinidad and Tobago 32 37 +15.6 Zambia .. .. .. 60 a 117 +95.0

Total .. .. 80,462 94,534 + 17.5

Notes a Corrected total for 1967/68. b Estimated traffic 1968/69 compared with actual traffic 1967/68. c Cyprus: Telex service introduced in January 1969. d The Gambia: Telex service introduced in February 1968; negligible traffic in 1967/68. e Botswana: Only four subscribers; no figures available.

19

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89. The customary Tables showing, in terms of Sterling, the telegraph, telephone and telex collection rates of the Partner National Bodies in relations with each other and with certain representative foreign countries as at 31st December 1968, follow this Section. Tables 1 and 2 set out telegraph rates per ordinary word; Tables 3 and 4 show telephone rates per unit call of three minutes; and Tables 5 and 6 list telex rates on the same basis.

90. There were no changes of any significance in the collection rates of the National Bodies during the period covered by this Report.

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1Tanzania Uganda Kenya. 3 No Service with Tobago. N/SNo Service.

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25 TABLE 5 Inter-National Body Telex Rates per Unit Call of 3 Minutes in Terms of Sterling as at 31st December 1968

To From I I I I I I S I ;:!t{::1 Australia! b���s Britain Canada I Ceylon I l:�a I Ghana Guyana I India I Jamaica Malawi I Malaysia! �f:d Nigeria !Rhodesia! tei�� ���:- G;;!�ia / Zambia 1 £ s. d. I £ s. d. I £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Australia - , 5 0 81 3 9 9 315 6 3 9 9 5 0 8 5 0 8 5 0 8 i 3 9 9 5 0 8 N/S 3 9 9 114 9 50 8 5 0 8 N/S 3 9 9 N/S 5 0 8 5 0 8 I - 15 Barbados 4 60 3 0 0I 34 6 N/S N/S N/S 1 2 6 4 60 110 0 N/S 5 76 4 60 N/S N/S 4 60 5 76 46 0 0 N/S I 1 1 Britain 3001300 3 0 0 3 0 0 3 0 01 3 0 0 3 00 I 3 0 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 315 0 3 0 0 3 0 0I 3 0 0 3 0 0 315 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 o I 13 o I o I I 13 o I I I o I I o I I n o I 13 o I o I 4 4 4 13 310 3 Canada 310 3 310 3 31016 3 4 13 4 4 13 310 3 4 2 182 310 3 413 o 310 3o 4 13o 310 3 310 3 Ceylon 2160 N/S 2 o I 3 J 4 - 2160 1 3 l 4 N/S I l 179 I N/S 1 N/S 3 3 I 310 I 310 N/S N/S 3 3 0 N/S N/S 3 3 0 East Africa .. 4 76 N/S 310 o I 4 76 I 4 76 4 76 N/S 3JO O 4 76 15o I 4 76 I 4 76 I 4 76 I 4 76 I 4 76 I 4 76 I 4 76 N/S 1 150 I 15 o o N Ghana 4 5 9 N/S 3 0 0 315 0 315 0 315 0 I - I N/S 315 0 315 0 NtS N/S 4 59 1250 N/S 4 5 9 3 I 315 N/S N/S 1 4 6 0 Guyana 4 6 0 1 2 6 3 0 0 3 4 6 N/S N/S N/S , - 4 60 1 100 N/S N/S N/S N/S 4 6 0 N/S 4 60 1 2 6 N/S °' 13 • India 2 3 3 3 4 213 3I 33 411 6 8 213 Ji 3 3 4 1 3 3 4 3 3 4 N/S 2134 1334 1334 N/S N/S 213 J N/S 33 4 3 3 4 13 I 1 I 1 1 Jamaica 4 60 J JO O I 3 0 01 2 6 N/S 4601460 11001460 46015701460 N/S 460 4601570 460 1100 460 Malawi 4 56 N/S 3 0 0 3 4 6 N/S 1 JO O I N/S N/S N/S 4 56 - 57 6 4 56 4 56 Loc_al N/S 5 76 N/S N/S Local 5 5 5 1 1 service service Malaysia 3J 53 6 59 4 76 04 315 3 6 195 91 6 195 9 N/S19 65 9 6 59 6195 9 19- 10 04 6195 9 619 9 N/S19 Local19 10 N/S19 6195 9 N/S service New Zealand 1150 319 JO 3 0 2 3 0 2 319 JO 3 10 3 JO 3 JO 319 JO 319 JO 3 10I 3 - 3 10 3 10 3 JO 319 I 3 JO 3 10 319 10 Nigeria 519 04 N/S 310 0 5 0 4 4 76 4 76 2 126 N/S 4 76 N/S 5 04 519 9 5 04 1 - 5. 04 50 4 5 9 4 76 N/S 5 04 I Rhodesia 4 9 N/S 310 0 315 3 4 19 9 4 76 N/S N/S I N/S 419 9 Local 65 6 419 9 419 9 - N/S 6 56 N/S N/S N/S 5 I service 1 Sierra Leone N/S 4 9 3 0 0 4 5 9 N/S 1 8 7 4 59 4 59 N/S 4 5 9 N/S N/S 5 70 4 5 9 N/S - N/S 2 6 N/S N/� 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 I I Singapore .. 315 3 6 9 4 76 5 04 315 3 6 9 6 9 N/S 61 9 6I 9 6 9 Loc_al 04 6 9 6 9 N/S - N/S 6 9 6 9 service The Gambia 1 4 5 9 4 5 9 N/S 4 5 9 N/S N/S 5 73 4 59 N/S 1 2 6 N/S - N/S N/S 1 N/S 4 15 5 9 3 0 0 4 5 9 N/S 4 59 1 1 Trinidad and Tobago 4 6 0 0 3 0 0 34 6 N/S N/S N/S I 2 6 4 60 l 100 N/S 5 76 4 60 I N/S N/S N/S 5 76 N/S - N/S 1 I Zambia 4 19 9 N/S 31 00 315 3 315 3 1150 N/S N/S 419 9 J 419 9 Loe:al N/S 419 9 419 9 N/S II N/S 6 55 N/S N/S I 1 1 I1 - , I I _ service Note: 1 Cyprus and Botswana had no telex service at 31 st December, 1968. N/S-No service. Trinidad only.

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to) 27 VII. THE BOARD'S ACCOUNTS

91. The termination of the Board on 31st March 1969, prevents the attachment to this Report of the customary audited Statement of Accounts for the full financial year 1968/69. The Accounts, therefore, for the nine months to 31st December 1968, have been audited and certified by the Board's Auditors, Messrs. Thomson McLintock & Co., and are attached.

92. Also attached is a Statement incorporating the audited figures for the first nine months together with a forecast of expenses for the final three months. This totals £116,883 compared with the previous year's total of £100,503.

93. The increase is attributable partly to expenses arising in connection with the termination of the Board, namely, superannuation benefits payable to certain Board staff and the removal expenses of the Board's Chairman on return to New Zealand; partly to pay revisions during the year and the appointment of an additional Board Member; and partly to the increased utilisation of telecommuni- cations facilities, stationery, postage, etc., resulting from the increased volume of work undertaken by the Board generally.

94. The balance of funds available at 31st March 1969, will be handed over to the Commonwealth Telecommunications Bureau, and will be used to meet the Board's liabilities outstanding at that date.

VIII. UNCOMPLETED BUSINESS

95. At 31st March 1969, there will be some business which the Board, for reasons beyond its control, will have been unable to complete and which will need to be taken over by the new Organisation. The two major items come within the ambit of the First Wayleave Scheme; these are the outstanding Wayleave Accounts (referred to in paragraphs 65-66 of Section III) and the effects of devaluation of Sterling, with particular reference to terminal charges. In addition, the Board's uncompleted domestic affairs, including audit of the Accounts for the period January—March 1969, will be dealt with by the Bureau.

IX. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

96. In this, its Final General Report, the Board wishes to place on record its indebtedness to the Administrations and National Bodies of Partner Governments for their co-operation over the years in all aspects of the Board's work. It is particularly conscious of the role played by Britain over the years as the host Government and the great assistance and support to the Board's operations resulting there- from. A very valuable contribution to the work of the Study Groups has been made by officers of the British Post Office and Cable and Wireless Limited.

97. In Section IV reference is made to the work of the three Study Groups during the current year. These Study Groups have, since very early in the Board's life, carried out the detailed examination of questions and proposals submitted for consideration. The Board acknowledges with gratitude the invaluable work done by the various Chairmen of the Study Groups in guiding their deliberations.

98. It also acknowledges the loyal and efficient services of the Secretariat over the past twenty years. The Board has been fortunate in its choice of Secretaries General, of which there have been three. All have shown a dedicated zeal, which has been reflected throughout the whole staff. Particular mention is made of Mr. W. W. Dimon, who has been with the Board as Finance Officer since its inception. It is gratifying to know that opportunity for continued employment within the new Organisation has been given to all longer term employees of the Board.

99. The Board is appreciative of all that the telecommunications industry has done in arranging visits of interest and also in providing hospitality on numerous occasions.

100. The Board is also grateful to the new Commonwealth Telecommunications Council and Bureau for agreeing to deal with certain of its affairs which cannot be brought to finality before the Board ceases operations on 31st March 1969.

28 STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNT Commonwealth Telecommunications Board

STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS FOR THE PERIOD FROM 1ST APRIL 1968 TO 31ST DECEMBER 1968

RECEIPTS PAYMENTS For year ended £ s. d. 31.3.68 Balance of Funds at 1st April 1968: £ s. d. £ £ s. d. Deposit account 4,000 0 0 5,375 Chairman's remuneration and overseas allowance .. 4,031 5 0 Current account 650 16 11 31,306 Members' remuneration and subsistence allowances 25,813 11 2 Cash in hand .. 50 4 6 32,265 Salaries, wages and national insurance 29,557 13 9 4,701 I 5 8,761 Superannuation 4,559 10 8 Contributions fromPartner Governments: 13,603 Accommodation expenses 13,205 19 11 In respect of 1967/68-Nigeria 2,400 0 0 168 Office furniture and equipment 63 6 6 In respect of 1968/69: £ s. d. 3,876 Printing, postage, stationery and publications 2,604 15 8 Britain 50,000 0 0 381 Motor transport and travelling expenses in the United Kingdom 257 4 1 Canada 2,750 0 0 1,722 Telephones, telegrams, telex and cables 1,672 2 7 Australia .. 7,900 0 0 285 Officialhospitality 37 4 3 New Zealand 1,800 0 0 2,000 Travel abroad .. 1,287 8 8 Nigeria 3,000 0 0 Chairman's removal expenses 325 0 0 Ceylon 1,700 0 0 131 Audit fee Cyprus 500 0 0 630 Miscellaneous expenses 491 11 5 Malaysia 1,400 0 0 Ghana 1,050 0 0 £100,503 83,906 13 8 East Africa 2,000 0 0 vJ 0 Jamaica 850 0 0 Amount recoverable from Commonwealth Telecommunications Bureau 93 4 7 Sierra Leone 600 0 0 Zambia 700 0 0 Barbados 700 0 0 Singapore 1,550 0 0 Guyana 100 0 0 The Gambia 50 0 0 Trinidad and Tobago 750 0 0 77,400 0 0 79,800 0 0 Balance of funds at 31st December 1968: £ s. d. Amount recovered from Commonwealth Telecom­ Deposit account munications Council 2,570 6 9 Current account 3,071 19 0 Cash in hand 65 17 5 Net interest on deposit account 66 6 6 3,137 16 5 £87,137 14 8 £87,137 14 8

LONDON. 19th March 1969. AUDITORS' REPORT We have examined the books and accounts of the Commonwealth Telecommunications Board for the nine months ended 31st December 1968 and we certify the foregoing accounts to be in accordance therewith and with the information furnished to us. (signed) Thomson McLintock & Co., Chartered Accountants.

Commonwealth Telecommunications Board E-4 0 , 01 00 `° 0

O oo 0) c..4 en 4 c+d OQDeel c+1 c.44 en 4 II1 VDin— N 0%.0 Ln M • 3 M Ln N q WI VI0fl f C cr Remuneration o hairman and Overseas Allowances en .-. N M en rn N eV 0 entv 't Ln O Members' Remuneration andSu bsistence Allowances N r Lel M '0 oN" V1 VJ N ch 411 en i N. %0 N .5. ,0 ,, c.-, co oN e4. .-, < ii5 0cd 0 v Salaries, Wages, S.E.T. and National Insurance 1 ‘...r-....cr„r-trl r 3.: 8.5, *A 00 M i! N VD en tr; L.O , 00 lel s 0 . M 74 Superannuation in0V 123 4Cdcing .-. S rn 00,..0.-,Nin..-. cd 0..c4.., cd N N ee; N ,-, c4 Q N E O O en NLnrvO N , el .-, ) , 31 - N— 9 8§FA,5 - 00en N In00en ,-,

Office 0 Furniture and Equipment .. N 00 eei ,‘; N es7 'I" N -7r r

b • N••( '" 05. ,_ Printing, Pos 8 tage, Stationery and Pu lications g cA5Fimtcco14'050 (n en - - ) 1 v10 ,-.

Motor Transport and Travelin Britain ei N- N .- eV VD 8 00 Ln — e4 ., N,-. 'F8§,5),,5'5; oo 71: Telep hones, Te s legrams, Te 5. lex and Cables 31:11P. e-- 00 en ?A•m .1- Ln ,

, fic ,--(1 Of -0 00

ial Hospita 0 21 at lity .. ., , -- N ,4D N en 0CO , •0 VD e--: ( M N 00 0 r--.- e4 Q. N I - r 4 - E-i: Chairman's Removal Expenses . .0 ! -5 0 o gi N., 8 o ; ° U 4 N Ln 0 0 Travel Abroad ON " N I 0

O Miscellaneous Expenses 1 FH 4.-, . Ca N te) en t--. O O O § O P. 0 E 00 iT O N N .

C' §

Special advance by Britain f Funds at 31st March, 1969: '' Interest on Deposit Account 0 I I ( I e ;1 r- 91 ° n O N ` I - I I

1f) ANNEX 1

LIST OF BOARD MEMBERS PAST AND PRESENT

Chairmen 1949-1950 The Right Honourable LORD REITH, PC, KT, GCVO, GBE, CB, TD 1951-1956 Colonel Sir STANLEY ANGWIN, KBE, DSO, MC, DSc. 1956-1962 Sir BEN L. BARNETT, KBE, CB, MC 1962-1969 Sir DAWSON DONALDSON, KCMG

Britain 1949 H. TOWNSHEND, CB 1949-1952 Colonel A. H. READ, OBE, TD, DL 1952-1955 W. A. WOLVERSON, CB 1955-1967 Colonel D. McMILLAN, CB, OBE * 1967-1969 C. J. GILL

Canada 1949-1957 J. H. TUDHOPE, MC * 1957 G. Cox 1957-1963 H. A. L. PATTISON, CBE * 1963-1965 W. R. BUTLER 1966-1968 J. R. BAXTER 1968-1969 S. T. GRANT

Australia 1949-1950 F. R. BRADLEY 1950-1959 R. V. McKAY * 1959-1964 H. A. DE DASSEL, OBE * t 1964-1967 A. H. KAYE, MVO t 1967-1969 G. T. HUGHES t

New Zealand 1949-1953 J. G. YOUNG, CBE * § 1953-1959 H. W. CURTIS * t 1959-1962 E. H. R. GREEN, CBE * 1962-1969 T. N. MORRISON * §

South Africa 1949-1958 Lt. Colonel H. MYERS, OBE * 1958-1961 E. A. SHERLOCK, MBE t

India 1949-1955 M. A. J. VASNAIK * 1955-1959 S. P. PATEL 1959-1963 H. N. MUKERJEE * 1963-1967 M. V. PAI 1967-1969 G. D. GOKARN *

Ceylon 1951-1955 A. I. PERERA, CBE 1955-1956 P. 0. FERNANDO 1956 B. F. PERERA, CMG, OBE 1956-1957 Lt. Colonel V. A. NICHOLAS, MBE 1957-1961 A. PERERA * 1961-1966 H. E. SENEVIRATNE * 1966-1968 C. A. R. ANKETELL * t 1969 A. PATHMARAJAH 33

(C729604)

Federation of Malaysia (formerly Malaya) 1962-1964 J. H. WAGSTAFF t 1964-1965 J. H. PINKERTON, OBE 1968-1969 T. A. NARAYANAN MENON

Nigeria 1964-1969 M. S. ADEWALE *

Cyprus 1963 G. CHARALAMBOUS 1963-1966 N. M. MILTIADOU 1966-1969 J. C. CHRISTOPHIDES

Sierra Leone 1966 F. E. KAREmo 1966-1967 S. MATTURI 1968-1969 E. S. S. PALMER

Jamaica 1965-1966 G. A. GAUNTLETT 1966-1969 V. A. PANTON

Trinidad and Tobago 1967-1969 His Excellency W. ANDREW ROSE

Singapore 1966-1967 G. F. A. HIBBERD 1967-1968 CHIA CHEONG FOOK 1969 TAN SENG CHYE

Southern Rhodesia Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 1949-1952 C. F. BRIMBLECOMBE 1952-1954 G. T. ANSTEY, CB § 1954-1963 G. T. ANSTEY, CB * § 1964-1965 J. WIGGELL

Other Commonwealth Territories (formerly Colonies and Protectorates) 1949-1955 G. H. WEBSTER, CMG, OBE * t 1955-1962 W. J. BIGG, CMG * 1962-1969 A. H. SHEFFIELD, CBE * I

List of Secretaries General 1949-1961 W. W. SHAW-ZAMBRA, CVO, CBE, TD 1961-1967 W. STUBBS, CBE, MC 1967-1969 C. A. G. COLERIDGE, OBE

Notes 1. Members indicated by symbols served in the following offices for a period during their term: t Vice-Chairman. t Chairman of Traffic Study Group. 1.; Chairman of Technical Study Group. § Chairman of Finance and Rates Study Group. 2. Mr. A. H. Sheffield also represented the following Partners: Ghana, Malawi, Zambia, The Gambia, Guyana, Botswana and Barbados.

34 ANNEX 2

LISTS OF CABLES AND RADIO CIRCUITS IN THE COMMON-USER SYSTEM AS AT 31st DECEMBER 1968

These Cables and Radio Circuits provide services between Commonwealth countries and with practically all countries of the World; they are given in the following lists :

I. SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES (Cable and Wireless Limited) HA. SUBMARINE TELEPHONE CABLES (European) IIB. SUBMARINE TELEPHONE CABLES (Extra-European) III. CARRIER AND RADIO SYSTEMS (other than HF) IV. HF RADIO STATIONS AND RADIO CIRCUITS

35

(C729604) C2 I. SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES (Cable and Wireless Ltd.)

1. Telegraph cables still in use. The first column gives the cable sections; in most cases these form links in long-distance cable chains but they may also be used for local circuits.

Length of Cable Length of Cable Cable Section Cable Section Station Cable Section Cable Section Station in Nautical Operator in Nautical Operator Miles Miles

ADEN— 1,861 CW (ME) MADEIRA— 1,170 CW BOMBAY III OCS (I) SAO VICENTE I CW ADEN— 1,846 CW (ME) MADEIRA— 1,137 CW BOMBAY IV OCS (I) SAO VICENTE III CW ADEN— 2,266 CW (ME) MADRAS— 1,389 OCS (I) COLOMBO P & T (C) PENANG III MAT ADEN— 1,589 CW (ME) MALDONADO— 66 WTC SEYCHELLES CW MONTEVIDEO I WTC ASCENSION— 3,149 CW MALDONADO— 73 WTC BUENOS AIRES WTC MONTEVIDEO II WTC ASCENSION— 2,103 CW MALDONADO— 75 WTC RIO DE JANEIRO WTC MONTEVIDEO IV WTC BARBADOS— 432 CW (W1) MALTA— 245* CW GEORGETOWN CW (WI) PALERMO Italcable BENGHAZI— 446 CW MALTA— 207 CW MALTA I CW TRIPOLI CW BENGHAZI— 523 CW MALTA— 208 CW MALTA II CW TRIPOLI II CW CARCAVELOS— 338 CW MALTA— 398 CW GIBRALTAR I CW ZANTE OTE CARCAVELOS— 344 CW MAURITIUS-- 422 CW GIBRALTAR II CW RODRIGUEZ CW CARCAVELOS— 341 CW NATAL— 178 WTC GIBRALTAR IV CW RECIFE WTC CARCAVELOS— 623 CW PATRAS— 59 OTE MADEIRA I CW ZANTE II OTE CARCAVELOS— 1,038 CW PENANG— 396 MAT FAYAL CW SINGAPORE III STD CIENFUEGOS— 145 CW (WI) PENANG— 391 MAT BATABANO I CW (WI) SINGAPORE V STD CIENFUEGOS— 136 CW (WI) PIRAEUS— 31 OTE BATABANO II CW (WI) KALAMAKI II OTE COLOMBO-- 1,410 P & T (C) PORTHCURNO-- 501 ETC PENANG I MAT ARRIGUNAGA I TE COLOMBO— 1,436 P & T (C) PORTHCURNO— 484 ETC PENANG II MAT ARRIGUNAGA II TE COLONIA— 23 WTC PORTHCURNO— 826 ETC PUNTA LARA I WTC CARCAVELOS I CW COLONIA— 23 WTC PORTIEICURNO— 1,326 ETC PUNTA LARA II WTC FAYAL I CW CoRmiTH-- 73 OTE PORTHCURNO— 1,358 ETC PATRAS II OTE FAYAL II CW FAYAL— 1,465 CW PORTHCURNO— 1,219 ETC SAO VICENTE CW GIBRALTAR III CW FLORIANOPOLIS— 395 WTC PORTHCURNO— 1,198 ETC RIO GRANDE I WTC GIBRALTAR IV CW FLORIANOPOLIS— 437 WTC PORTHCURNO— 1,375 ETC RIO GRANDE II WTC MADEIRA CW FORTALEZA— 804 WTC PORT SUDAN— 712 ETC BELEM WTC ADEN IV CW (ME) FORTALEZA— 323 WTC PORT SUDAN— 742 ETC NATAL WTC ADEN V CW (ME) FORTALEZA— 399 WTC PUNTA YEGUAS— 90 WTC SAO Luiz WTC COLONIA I WTC FREETOWN— 1,059 SLET PUNTA YEGUAS— 87 WTC P & T (GA) COLONIA II WTC FREETOWN— 70 SLET CONAKRY CCSA RECIFE— 587 WTC GIBRALTAR— 1,078 CW FORTALEZA WTC MALTA III CW RECIFE— 176 WTC GIBRALTAR— 1,094 CW MACEIO WTC MALTA IV CW RECIFE— 1,376 WTC GIBRALTAR— 1,137 CW RIO DE JANEIRO WTC MALTA V CW RECIFE— 976 WTC HONG KONG— 671 CW SAO Luiz WTC MANILA I EXT RECIFE— 465 WTC HONG KONG— 780 CW SALVADOR I WTC MANILA II EXT RECIFE— 468 WTC HONG KONG— 718 CW SALVADOR II WTC MANILA III EXT KINGSTON— 200 CW (WI) RIO DE JANEIRO— 888 WTC SANTIAGO I CW (WI) RIO GRANDE WTC KINGSTON— 210 CW (WI) RIO DE JANEIRO— 230 WTC SANTIAGO II CW (WI) SANTOS I WTC

* Length of cable in common-user system. 36 Length of Cable Length of Cable Cable Section Cable Section Station Cable Section Cable Section Station in Nautical Operator in Nautical Operator Miles Miles

RIO DE JANEIRO— 208 WTC SANTOS— 270 WTC SANTOS II WTC FLORIANOPOLIS II WTC RIO DE JANEIRO— 205 WTC SAO LUIZ— 1,510 WTC SANTOS III WTC BARBADOS WTC RIO GRANDE— 251 WTC SAO LUIZ— 408 WTC MALDONADO I WTC BELEM WTC RIO GRANDE— 261 WTC SEYCHELLES— 1,769 CW MALDONADO II WTC COLOMBO P & T (C) SAO VICENTE— 1,809 CW SEYCHELLES— 1;062 CW ASCENSION I CW MAURITIUS CW SAO VICENTE— 1,854 CW Vtoo— 268 ETC ASCENSION II CW CARCAVELOS CW SAO VICENTE— 1,913 CW VrroRIA— 366 WTC RECIFE II WTC RIO DE JANEIRO I WTC SALVADOR— 651 WTC VrrortrA— 291 WTC VrrotuA I WTC RIO DE JANEIRO II WTC SALVADOR— 492 WTC ZANZIBAR— 60 EAETC VITORIA II WTC DAR-ES-SALAAM EAETC SANTIAGO— 410 CW (WI) ZANZIBAR— 160 EAETC CIENFUEGOS I CW (WI) MOMBASA II EAETC SANTIAGO— 360 CW (WI) ZANZIBAR— 1,132 EAETC CIENFUEGOS II CW (WI) SEYCHELLES CW SANTOS-- 263 WTC HARBOUR AND BAY 77 FLORIANOPOLIS I WTC CABLES

2. Telegraph cables not in use, but not yet withdrawn from service; not included in Section I.1.

• Length of Cable Length of Cable Cable Section Cable Section Station Cable Section Cable Section Station in Nautical Operator in Nautical Operator Miles Miles

ACCRA— 249 P & T (GA) KINGSTON— 753 CW (WI) LAGOS NET SAN JUAN CW (WI) ADEN— 1,857 CW (ME) KINGSTON— 457 CW (WI) MOMBASA EAETC TURKS ISLAND CW (WI) ALEXANDRIA— 416 MRT (E) LAGOS— 70 NET IRAKLION KRITIS OTE COTONOU CCSA ALEXANDRIA— 326 MRT (E) LA SERENA— 216 WC LARNACA CYTA VALPARAISO WC ALEXANDRIA— 154 MRT (E) LIMA— 475 WC PORT SAID I MRT (E) MOLLENDO WC ALEXANDRIA— 157 MRT (E) MADEIRA-- 1,178 CW PORT SAID II MRT (E) SAO VICENTE II CW ALEXANDRIA— 161 MRT (E) MALTA— 922 CW PORT SAID III MRT (E) ALEXANDRIA I MRT (E) ANTOFAGASTA— 416 WC MALTA— 929 CW LA SERENA WC ALEXANDRIA II MRT (E) AFRICA— 347 WC MALTA— 891 CW ANTOFAGASTA WC ALEXANDRIA IV MRT (E) ASCENSION— 796 CW MALTA— 908 CW ST. HELENA CW ALEXANDRIA V MRT (E) ASCENSION— 1,132 CW MALTA— 55 CW SIERRA LEONE CW POZZALLO I Italian Admin. BARBADOS— 207 CW (WI) MALTA— 58 CW PORT OF SPAIN CW (WI) POZZALLO II Italian Admin. BARBADOS— 985 CW (WI) MARSEILLES— 221 ETC (F) TURKS ISLAND CW (WI) BARCELONA TE BERMUDA— 827 CW (WI) MOLLENDO— 146 WC TURKS ISLAND CW (WI) ARICA WC CARCAVELOS— 620 CW MUSCAT— 534 CW MADEIRA II CW KARACHI CW COCOS— 1,719 OTC (A) PIRAEUS— 82 OTE COTTESLOE I OTC (A) SYRA II OTE Cocos— 1,751 OTC (A) PORTHCURNO— 935 ETC COTTESLOE II OTC (A) CARCAVELOS II CW COCOS— 783 OTC (A) PORTHCURNO— 574 ETC DJAKARTA CW VIGO ETC DURBAN— 1,800 P & T (SA) PORT SUDAN— 758 ETC MAURITIUS CW ADEN I CW (ME) FAYAL— 1,900 CW PORT SUDAN— 749 ETC HALIFAX COTC ADEN II CW (ME) GRENADA— 129 CW (WI) PORT SUDAN— 1 951- ETC PORT OF SPAIN CW (WI) DJEDDAH Saudi Arabian KINGSTON— 675 CW (WI) No. 1 & 2 Admin. PONCE CW (WI)

t Cable jointly owned by Saudi Arabian and Sudan Governments but maintained by the Eastern Telegraph Co. Ltd.: not in common-user system. 37 Length of Cable Length of Cable Cable Section Cable Section Station Cable Section Cable Section Station in Nautical Operator in Nautical Operator Miles Miles

RODRIGUEZ- 2,156 CW SINGAPORE- 558 STD COCOS OTC (A) DJAKARTA I Indonesian ST. CROIX- 140 CW (WI) Admin. PONCE CW (WI) SINGAPORE- 561 STD ST. CROIX- 49 CW (WI) DJAKARTA II Indonesian ST. THOMAS CW (WI) Admin. 757 ST. LUCIA- 168 CW (WI) SUEZ- MRT (E) PORT SUDAN II GRENADA CW (WI) ETC SUEZ- 755 MRT (E) ST. LUCIA- 345 CW (WI) PORT SUDAN III ETC ST. CROIX CW (WI) SUEZ- 814 MRT (E) ST. THOMAS- 174 CW (WI) PORT SUDAN IV ETC ST. KITTS CW (WI) SUEZ- 800 MRT (E) SAO VICENTE- 697 CW PORT SUDAN V ETC BATHURST CW SYRA- 136 OTE SAO VICENTE- 1,798 CW IRAKLION KRITIS OTE RECIFE I WTC VALPARAISO- 267 WC ST. VINCENTE (WI)- 112 CW (WI) CONCEPCION WC BARBADOS CW (WI) VIGO- 667 ETC GIBRALTAR CW ST. VINCENTE (WI)— 91 CW (WI) ZANZIBAR- 1,856 EAETC ST. LUCIA CW (WI) DURBAN P & T (SA) SAN JUAN- 79 CW (WI) ZANZIBAR- 149 EAETC ST. THOMAS CW (WI) MOMBASA I EAETC

38 )4 7 IIA. SUBMARINE TELEPHONE CABLES (European)

Length of Cable Nominal in the Total Length Capacity Cable Section common-user of Cable in Cable Station Operator (telephone system in Nautical Miles channels) Nautical Miles

ANGLO-BELGIAN CABLES : ST. MARGARETS— 24 47 BPO 420 LA PANNE VI Belgian Admin.

DUMPTON GAP— 27 54 BPO 120 MEDDLEICIRK No. 2 Belgian Admin. (CANTERBURY—OSTEND)

ANGLO-DANISH CABLE: WINTERTON— 145 291 BPO 120 ESBJERG NO. 1 Danish Admin.

ANGLO-DUTCH CABLES: ALDEBURGH— 41 83 BPO 60 DOMBURG IV Netherlands Admin.

ALDEBURGH— 41 83 BPO 60 DOMBURG V Netherlands Admin.

ALDEBURGH— 41 81 BPO 180 DOMBURG VI Netherlands Admin.

COVEHITHE— 51 103 BPO 120 II KATWIJK I Netherlands Admin.

COVEHITHE— 54 109 BPO 480 KATWIJK II Netherlands Admin.

ANGLO-FRENCH CABLES : DOVER— 10 23 BPO 60 SANGATTE III French Admin.

DOVER— 13 26 BPO 60 AUDRESSELLES French Admin.

ST. MARGARETS— 10 21 BPO 144 SANGATTE IV French Admin.

ST. MARGARETS— 10 20 BPO 60 SANGATTE V French Admin.

ST. MARGARETS— 10 21 BPO 60 SANGATTE VI French Admin.

ANGLO-GERMAN CABLES: LowEsroFr— 98 197 BPO 5 BORKUM German Admin.

WINTERTON— 126 251 BPO 120 LEER No. 1 German Admin.

WINTERTON— 125 250 BPO 120 LEER No. 2 German Admin.

ANGLO-NORWEGIAN CABLE: SCARBOROUGH— 197 394 BPO 480 KRISTIANSAND Norwegian Admin.

ANGLO-SWEDISH CABLE: MARSICE— 255 509 BPO 60 SANDVIK Swedish Admin.

ANGLO-FAROES CABLE: GAIRLOCK— 142 285 BPO 26 THORSHAVN No. 1 t Danish Admin. and Gt. Northern Telegraph Co.

* Also Tolsford Hill—Lille microwave system; capacity 1,200 circuits. fi SCOTICE—see Section IIB, Note (d) regarding ICECAN. 39 IIB. SUBMARINE TELEPHONE CABLES (Extra-European) • Length of Cable Nominal in the Total Length Capacity Cable Section common-user of Cable in Cable Station Operator (telephone system in Nautical Miles channels) Nautical Miles

TRANSATLANTIC CABLE (TAT 1): OBAN (SCOTLAND)— 1,191 2,268 BPO (a) 48 SYDNEY MINES (CANADA) COTC TRANSATLANTIC CABLE (TAT 3): WIDEMOUTH (ENGLAND)— 1,759 3,518 BPO (b) 128 TUCKERTON (USA) ATT CANTAT CABLE: OBAN (SCOTLAND)— 2,014 2,014 CW (c) 80 HAMPDEN (CANADA) COTC ICECAN CABLE: CORNER BROOK (CANADA)— 913 913 COTC (d) 24 FREDERICKSDAL (GREENLAND) BERMUDA—USA CABLE: BERMUDA— 375 750 CW (WI) (e) 80 MANAHAWKIN (USA) ATT BERMUDA—TORTOLA CABLE: BERMUDA— 902 902 CW (f) 80 TORTOLA (BR. VIRGIN IS.) CW (WI) JAMAICA—USA CABLE: KINGSTON (JAMAICA)— 219 875 CW (WI) (e) 128 FLORIDA (USA) ATT COMPAC CABLE SYSTEM: SYDNEY (AUSTRALIA)— 1,273 1,273 OTC (A) (g) 80 1 AUCKLAND (NEW ZEALAND) NZPO AUCKLAND— 1,260 1,260 NZPO (g) 80 SUVA (FIJI) CW SUVA— 3,073 1,073 CW (g) 80 HAWAII COTC HAWAII— 2,545 2,545 COTC (g) 80 PORT ALBERNI (CANADA) PORT ALBERNI— 83 83 COTC (g) 80 VANCOUVER (CANADA) SEACOM CABLE SYSTEM: SINGAPORE— 867 867 STD (h) 80 JESSELTON (SABAH, MALAYSIA) JESSELTON— 1,103 1,103 CW (h) 80 HONG KONG CW HONG KONG— 2,062 2,062 CW (h) 80 GUAM OTC (A) GUAM— 1,391 1,392 OTC (A) (h) 160 MADANG (NEW GUINEA) OTC (A) MADANG— 1,614 1,625 OTC (A) (h) 160 CAIRNS (AUSTRALIA) OTC (A)

(a) Transatlantic cable (TAT 1) is jointly owned by British Post Office, Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation and American Telephone and Telegraph Co. This system consists of two separate cables each of 2,268 .042 nautical miles length. (b) Transatlantic cable (TAT 3) is jointly owned by British Post Office and American Telephone and Telegraph Co. *(c) CANTAT cable is jointly owned by Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation and Cable and Wireless Limited. (The Vancouver-Nova Scotia microwave cable system, owned by Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation, provides the Commonwealth link between Atlantic and Pacific cable systems—see also Note (g)). *(d) ICECAN cable shown is jointly owned by Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation, the Danish Administration and the Great Northern Telegraph Co. (The Greenland/Iceland portion of ICECAN and the Iceland/ Faroes portion of SCOTICE is foreign owned—see Section HA for Anglo/Faroes portion of SCOTICE). (*CANTAT cable is extended overland from Hampden to Corner Brook (63 n.m.-80 channels); CANTAT AND ICECAN systems are further extended by cable (400 n.m.-160 channels) from Corner Brook to Gross Roches.) (e) The Bermuda/USA and Jamaica/USA cables are jointly owned by Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited, and American Telephone and Telegraph Co. (f) The Bermuda-Tortola cable is owned by Cable and Wireless Limited. (g) The complete COMPAC cable system is jointly owned by Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation, Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia), New Zealand Post Office and Cable and Wireless Limited—see also Note (c) for link with CANTAT. (h) The complete SEACOM system is jointly owned by Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation, Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia), New Zealand Post Office, Malaysian Telecommunications Department, Singapore Telecommunications Department and Cable and Wireless Limited. (The Cairns-Sydney micro- wave system owned by the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia), provides the link between the COMPAC and SEACOM cable systems—see also Note (g)). (i) Additional circuit capacity provided by Time Assignment Speech Interpolation switching system (TASI): Britain/United States 74 additional TASI circuits; Australia/Canada 37 additional TASI circuits; Britain/Canada 54 additional TASI circuits (these circuits are divided between the North American and the Australasian continents. Due to the time differential between these continents it is unlikely that more than 37 of these circuits will be used at the same time). 40 III. CARRIER AND RADIO SYSTEMS (other than HF) Atlantic Area* Nominal Capacity Terminals Type of System I System Operator (telephone channels) Tortola- TROPOSCATTER cw (WJ) 80 Antigua

Antigua- MICROWAVE CW (WI) 24 St. Kitts

St. Kitts- VHF cw (WI) 6 Montserrat (WI) Antigua- TROPOSCATTER CW 64 St. Lucia

Antigua- VHF CW (WI) 24 Guadeloupe FRENCH P.T.

St. Lucia- VHF CW (WI) 6 Dominica St. Lucia- TROPOSCATTER CW (WI) 80 Barbados

Barbados- VHF CW (WI) 6 St. Vincent

Barbados- TROPOSCATTER CW (WI) 64 Trinidad

Trinidad- VHF CW (WI) 12 Grenada Trinidad- TROPOSCATTER CW (WI) 64 Guyana Caymans- TROPOSCATTER CW (WI) 8 Jamaica St. Thomas- MICROWAVE ITT (Virgin Is.) 300 Tortola CW (WI)

"' Canada; for microwave system which provides the link between the Atlantic/Pacific cable systems see Section II.B, Note (c).

Pacific and Far East Areat

Terminals Type of System System Operator Nominal Capacity I I (telephone channels) Kuala Lumpur- MICROWAVE MAT 600 Singapore STD Hong Kong- VHF cw 12 Canton CGRA Hong Kong- TROPOSCATTER cw 60 Taiwan CGRA Hong Kong- VHF cw 12 Macao MACAO P.T.

t Australia; for microwave system which provides the linking between the SEACOM and COMPAC cable systems see Section II.B, Note (h).

41 (C729604J D Mediterranean and Middle East Area Nominal Capacity Terminals Type of System System Operator (telephone channels)

Cyprus— TROPOSCATTER CYTA 60 Crete OTE Cyprus— VHF CYTA 5 Turkey P & T (TY) Cyprus— VHF CYTA 5 Lebanon P & T (LE) Cyprus— VHF CYTA 5 Israel P & T (IS) Bahrain— TROPOSCATTER CW 60 Qatar Bahrain— VHF CW 6 Dammam P & T (S) Dubai— VHF CW 1 Abu Dhabi IA L Qatar— VHF CW 6 Das Island Gibraltar— VHF CW 5 Tangier MORROCO PTT

African Area Nominal Capacity Terminals Type of System System Operator (telephone channels)

Sierra Leone— VHF SLET 5 Conakry Rhodesia— 0/W LINE MPR 102 Zambia GPO (Z) Rhodesia— VHF MPR 11 Malawi P & T (MA) Malawi— 0/W LINE P & T (MA) 12 Zambia GPO (Z) Malawi— VHF P & T (MA) 12 Nairobi (Kenya) EAETC Malawi— VHF P & T (MA) 12 Mozambique Lagos (Nigeria)— Cotonou Lagos (Nigeria)— Lome (Togo) MICROWAVE 1 9601 Lagos (Nigeria)— I Accra (Ghana) Lagos (Nigeria)— Abidjan (I. Coast) Nairobi (Kenya)— VHF EAETC 96 Mombasa (Kenya) Nakuru (Kenya)— VHF EAETC 48 Jinja (Uganda) Mombasa (Kenya)— VHF EAETC 96 Tanga (Tanzania) Nairobi (Kenya)— VHF EAETC 36 Moshi (Tanzania)

(Lagos / Cotonou / Lome / Accra / Abidjan system) NET: P & T (DY): P & T (TO): P & T (GA): P & T (IC): 42 Abbreviations Used in Sections I-III ITT International Telephone and Telegraph Co. (USA) AT & T American Telephone and Telegraph Co. (USA) BPO British Post Office CCSA Compagnie des Cables Sud Americains CGRA Chinese Government Radio Administration COTC Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation CW Cable and Wireless Limited CYTA Cyprus Telecommunications Authority EAETC East African External Telecommunications Company Limited GPO (Z) General Post Office, Zambia I AL International Aeradio Limited MAT Telecommunications Department, Malaysia MPR Ministry of Posts Rhodesia MRT (E) Marconi Radio Telegraph Company (UAR), Cairo NET Nigerian External Telecommunications Ltd. NZPO New Zealand Post Office OCS (I) Overseas Communications Service (India) OTC (A) Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia) OTE Greek Telecommunications Authority P & T (C) Posts and Telecommunications Department, Ceylon P & T (DY) Posts and Telecommunications Department, Dahomey P & T (GA) Department of Posts and Telecommunications, Ghana P & T (IC) Posts and Telecommunications Department, Ivory Coast P & T (IS) Posts and Telecommunications Department, Israel P & T (LE) Posts Telegraph and Telephone Department, Lebanon P & T (MA) Department of Posts and Telegraphs, Malawi P & T (S) Posts and Telecommunications Department, Saudi Arabia P & T (SA) Department of Posts and Telegraphs, South Africa P & T (TO) Posts and Telecommunications Department, Togoland P & T (TY) Posts Telephone and Telegraph Department, Turkey SLET Sierra Leone Telecommunications Department STD Telecommunications Department, Singapore TE Transradio Espanola T & T (PK) Telegraph and Telephone Department, Pakistan T & T (PT) Genal Dos Correios Telegraphal et Telefonel, Portugal

Associated and Subsidiary Companies of Cable and Wireless Limited : Bel. Co Societe Anonyme Belge de Cables Telegraphiques CW (ME) Cable and Wireless (Mid-East) Limited CW (WI) Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited ETC Eastern Telegraph Company Ltd. ETC (F) Eastern Telegraph Company (France) Ltd. EXT Eastern Extension Australasia and China Telegraph Company Ltd. WC West Coast of America Telegraph Company Ltd. WTC Western Telegraph Company Ltd.

43

(C729604) D2

IV. HF RADIO STATIONS AND CIRCUITS

The following lists show the radio stations and regularly operated radio circuits either direct or via automatic relay.

Aden—see Southern Yemen

Antigua Radio Station: Antigua Island. Operator: Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Barbuda X

Ascension Island Radio Station: Ascension Island. Operator: Cable and Wireless Limited. Circuits : Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X St. Helena Island X USA (New York) X

Australia Radio Stations: Melbourne (Rockbank, Fiskville), Perth (Applecross, Bassendean, Gnangara), Sydney (Bringelly, Doonside). Operator: Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia). Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Melbourne Circuits: Britain (London) X X Britain (London) via Barbadost Hong Kong¶ X India (Calcutta) X X Japan (Tokyo) ¶ X Nauru X Singapore USA (San Francisco) Perth Circuits: Antarctica (Wilkes Base) X Christmas Is. (Indian Ocean) South Africa (Pretoria) X X Sydney Circuits: Britain (London)11 via Singaporet and Nairobit Antarctica (Wilkes Base) Canada (Vancouver) 11 Ceylon (Colombo) X China (Shanghai) Fiji Islands (Suva) II Hong Kong ill X India (Calcutta) X India (Poona) Indonesia (Djakarta) Japan (Tokyo)¶ Japan (Osaka)¶ X Macquarie Island Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur) ¶ X Nauru New Caledonia (Noumea) New Hebrides (Port Vila)

X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. II Standby for COMPAC cable failure. ¶ Standby for SEACOM cable failure.

44 Australia (contd.) Circuits (contd.) Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Sydney Circuits (contd.) New Zealand (Wellington) X* New Zealand (Wellington) II X X X Papua/New Guinea (Lae)if X X X Papua/New Guinea (Port Moresby) X X X Papua/New Guinea (Rabaul) X X Philippine Islands (Manila) ,r X X X Portuguese Timor (Dili) X Singapore ,r X X X West lrian (Soekarnopura) X Solomon Islands (Honiara) X X Tarangua (Manus Island) X X USA (San Francisco) II X X

Bahrain Radio Station: Bahrain (Hamala and Sitra Road). Operator: Cable and Wireless Limited. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X X X X East Africa (Nairobi) X India (Poona) X Iraq (Baghdad) X Jordan (Amman) X Kuwait X X Lebanon (Beirut) X X Muscat and Oman (Muscat) X X Pakistan (Karachi) X Southern Yemen X X Switzerland (Geneva) X Trucial States (Dubai) X X X Trucial States (Abu Dhabi) X X UAR (Cairo) X

Barbados Radio Station: Boarded Hall, Carrington, Mt. Misery. Operator: Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Photote!egraph Telephone Telex Bermuda X Britain (London) X Britain (London)II X X X Curacao X X Dominican Republic (Santo X Domingo) Guyana (Georgetown) X X Jamaica (Kingston) X X X Peru (Lima) X X X Surinam (Paramaribo) X

Bermuda Radio Station: St. Georges, Flatts. Operator: Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Barbados X USA (New York) X X

Bolivia Radio Station: La Paz. Operator: West Coast of America Telegraph Co. Ltd.

Circuits: Distant Country Tele ·aph Photote/egraph Telephone Telex Peru (Lima) r X USA (New York) via Limat I via Limat I X Direct circuit. * Temporary HF circuits. II Standby for COMPAC cable failure. ,rStandby for SEACOM cable failure. t Automatic relay.

45 (C729604) 03 Britain Circuits: Austria (Vienna) Australia (Sydney)11 Australia (Melbourne) Ascension Island Bahrain Australia (Melbourne) Argentina (BuenosAires) Afghanistan (Kabul) China (Taipeh,Taiwan) Burma (Rangoon) Bermuda (Hamilton) Barbados Czechoslovakia (Prague) Congo (Kinshasa) China (Shanghai) Chile (Santiago) Ceylon (Colombo) Bulgaria (Sofia) Ethiopia (Asmara) Ethiopia (AddisAbaba) East Africa(Kampala) East Africa(Nairobi) East Africa(DaresSalaam) Cyprus (Nicosia) Greece (Athens) Gibraltar Ghana (Accra) Kuwait Hungary (Budapest) Hong Kong11 Hong Kong Brazil (RiodeJaneiro) Italy (VaticanCity) Italy (Rome) Israel (TelAviv) Iraq (Baghdad) Iran (Teheran) India (Poona) India (Madras) India (NewDelhi) India (Calcutta) India (Bombay) New Zealand(Auckland)H New Zealand(Wellington)11 Liberia (Monrovia) Lebanon (Beirut) Peru (Lima) Pakistan (Dacca) Pakistan (Karachi) Jordan (Amman) Japan (Tokyo) Japan (Osaka) Malta Singapore Sierra Leone(Freetown) Nigeria (Lagos) Falkland Islands(PortStanley) Portugal (Lisbon) Poland (Warsaw) Pakistan (Rawalpindi) Singapore 11 Roumania (Bucharest) Rhodesia (Salisbury) Operator: Radio Stations:

X Directcircuit. Distant Country Post Office. Transmitting: Bodmin,Criggion,Dorchester,Leafield,Ongar,Rugby. Receiving: Baldock,Bearley,Somerton. t Automaticrelay. and Vancouvert and Vancouvert via Barbadost via Colombot via Montreal via Montreal via Nairobit via Nairobit and Sydney via Sydneyt Telegraph X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X xxx xx x xx x xxx 46 via Melbourne via Melbournet Phototelegraph via Karachit II StandbyforCOMPACcablefailure. X X X X X X X X X X X and Vancouvert via Colombot via Montreal X (2routes) via Nairobit via Sydneyt and Sydney Telephone X X X X X X X X X xxxxx xx and Vancouvert via Singaporet via Colombot via Barbadost and Nairobit via Montreal via Nairobit via Nairobit and Sydney via Sydneyt Telex X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Britain (contd. Circuits (contd.) Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex

South Africa (Johannesburg) X X X South Africa (Pretoria) X Southern Yemen X* X X Spain (Las Palmas, Canary Islands) Spain (Madrid) Sudan (Khartoum) X X

Switzerland (Berne) XXXXX Syria (Damascus)

Thailand (Bangkok) XX The Gambia X Trucial States (Dubai) X Turkey (Istanbul) X UAR (Cairo) X X USA (New York) X USSR (Moscow) Yugoslavia (Belgrade) Zanzibar Zambia (Ndola) X

British Honduras Radio Station: Belize. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Jamaica (Kingston) X X USA (Miami) X X Mexico X

Canada Radio Stations: Montreal (Yamachiche, Drummondville), Vancouver (Cloverdale, Ladner). Operator: Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Montreal Circuits: Argentina (Buenos Aires) X X X Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) X X X Peru (Lima) X X St. Pierre and Miquelon Is. X X New Zealand (Wellington) via Vancouvert USSR (Moscow) X X Vancouver Circuits: Australia (Sydney) I I X New Zealand (Wellington) II via Sydney' Japan (Tokyo) X

Cayman Islands Radio Station: Grand Cayman. Operator: Cable and Wireless (W.I.) Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Jamaica (Kingston) X§

Ceylon Radio Stations: Colombo, Negombo (Pothode) and Ja-ela (Kotugoda). Operator: Posts and Telecommunications Department, Ceylon. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Australia (Sydney) X X Britain (London) X X X X Burma (Rangoon) X China (Shanghai) X

X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. II Standby for COMPAC cable failure. * One-way service only to London. § Temporary standby for tropospheric scatter system.

47

(C729604) D4

Ceylon (contd.) Circuits (contd.) Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex East Africa (Nairobi) X X Hong Kong X X India (Bombay) X Japan (Osaka) X Japan (Tokyo) X X Pakistan (Karachi) X Singapore

Cyprus Radio Stations: Nicosia (Saranta Spilia, Kolokosh). Operator: Cyprus Telecommunications Authority. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X X X Jordan (Amman) X Syria (Damascus) X Turkey (Ankara) X UAR (Cairo) X

East Africa (Kenya/Uganda/Tanzania) Kenya Radio Stations: Nairobi (Kabete, Ngong), Mombasa. Operator: East African External Telecom- munications Co. Ltd. Circuits: Telex Distant Country Telegraph I Phototelegraph Telephone

Algeria (Algiers) X

Bahrain X

Britain (London) X X X

Burundi (Bujumbura) X Ceylon (Colombo) X

Congo (Kinshasa) X X

Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) X X France (Paris) X

Ghana (Accra) X India (Poona)

Malagasy (Tananarive) XX X

Malawi (Limbe) X X Mauritius (Port Louis) Nigeria (Lagos) Pakistan (Karachi) Rwanda (Kigali) X

Seychelles XXXXX

Singapore X Somalia (Mogadiscio) South Africa (Johannesburg) X X

Southern Yemen XXX X Sudan (Khartoum) X

UAR (Cairo) XX

Zambia (Ndola) X X X

Tanzania Radio Station: Dar-es-Salaam (Ubongo, Mbweni), Zanzibar (Marhubi, Creek Road). Operator: East African External Telecommunications Co. Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Dar-es-Salaam Circuits: Britain (London) X X Zambia X X Zanzipar Circuits: Britain (London) Pemba Island X Somalia (Hargeisa) Somalia (Mogadiscio)

Uganda Radio Station: Kampala. Operator: East African External Telecommunications Co. Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X India (Poona) X X Direct circuit.

48 Fiji Islands Suva (Vatuwaga, Samabula). Cable and Wireless Limited. Circuits:Radio Stations: Operator: I Australia Distant(Sydney) Country II TelegraphX Phototelegraph I TelephoneX Telex Ghana Accra (Bubuashie, Adentan). Telecommunications Department. Circuits:Radio Stations: Operator:

Britain (London)Distant Country TelegraphX Photo telegraphX TelephoneX TelexX East Africa (Nairobi) X Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) X X Ivory Coast (Abidjan) X X X Mali (Bamako) X Nigeria (Lagos) X X X () X Sierra Leone (Freetown) X X X The Gambia (Bathurst) X Togo (Lorne) X X Gibraltar Gibraltar. Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits:Radio Station: Operator:

Britain (London)Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone TelexX Tangier X I X X Grenada Grenada. Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Ltd. Circuits:Radio Station: Operator: Distant Country Telephone Telex Carriacou TelegraphX I Phototelegraph \ X Guyana Georgetown (Thomas Lands). Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Ltd. Circuits:Radio Station: Operator: Barbados Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph TelephoneX TelexX Surinam (Paramaribo) X Trinidad (Port of Spain) X Hong Kong Cap d'Aguilar, Victoria Peak, Mount Butler. Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits:Radio Stations: Operator: Australia Distant(Melbourne) Country ,r Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Australia (Sydney) ,r X X X Britain (London)II via Colombot via Sydneyt via Colombot and Sydney and Sydney Britain (London)II via Nairobit via Nairobit Burma (Rangoon) X Cambodia (Phnompenh) X X Ceylon (Colombo) X X China (Canton) X X China (Shanghai) X X China (Taipeh, Taiwan) X X X X India (Calcutta) X India (Poona) X Indonesia (Djakarta) X X X Japan (Osaka) X X Japan (Tokyo) II X X X X Korea (Seoul) X X X X Laos (Vientiane) X X Macao X Okinawa Island X X Pakistan (Karachi) X X Philippine Is. (Cebu) X Philippine Is. (Manila) II X X X Singapore X Singapore II X X X X Thailand (Bangkok) X X Vietnam South (Saigon) X X X Vietnam North (Hanoi) X X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. II Standby for COMPAC cable failure. � Standby for SEACOM cable failure. 49 India Hatikanda), Radio Stations: Delhi (Kalkaji, Chattarpur), Bombay (Dighi, Dhond), Calcutta (Halishahar, Madras (Korattur, Padianallur). Operator: Overseas Communications Service (India). Circuits: Telex Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Bombay Circuits: X X X Britain (London) X Ceylon (Colombo) France (Paris) X X Federal Republic of Germany X X X (Hamburg and Frankfurt) Indonesia (Djakarta) X Iran (Teheran) X Iraq (Baghdad) X X X Italy (Rome) X Japan (Osaka) X Japan (Tokyo) X Kuwait X Nigeria (Lagos) X Singapore X Switzerland (Berne) X UAR (Cairo) X USA (New York) (RCA) via Tangiert via Tangiert USSR (Moscow) X Vietnam North (Hanoi) X New Delhi Circuits: Afghanistan (Kabul) X Britain (London) X X China (Peking) X China (Shanghai) X Czechoslovakia X France (Paris) Federal Republic of Germany (Hamburg and Frankfurt) Italy (Rome) Japan (Tokyo) Poland (Warsaw) Roumania (Bucharest) USSR (Moscow) X Yugoslavia (Belgrade) Calcutta Circuits: Australia (Melbourne) Australia (Sydney) X Britain (London) X Burma (Rangoon) France (Paris) Federal Republic of Germany (Hamburg and Frankfurt) Hong Kong Italy (Rome) Japan (Tokyo) Philippines (Manila) X Thailand (Bangkok) X USA (New York) (Mackay) via Manilat USSR (Moscow) Vietnam South (Saigon) X Madras Circuits: Britain (London) X Federal Republic of Germany (Hamburg) France (Paris) Italy (Rome) Singapore X USSR (Moscow) Poona Circuits: Australia (Sydney) Bahrain X Britain (London) X Burma (Rangoon) X East Africa (Nairobi) X East Africa (Kampala) X Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) X France (Paris) X Hong Kong X Indonesia (Bandung) X X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. 50 India (contd.) Circuits (contd.) Poona CircuitsDistant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Iran (Teheran)(contd.) X Iraq (Baghdad) X Italy (Rome) X Japan (Tokyo) X Kuwait X Nigeria (Lagos) X Poland (Warsaw) X Saudi Arabia (Djeddab) X Southern Yemen X Switzerland (Berne) X UAR (Cairo) X

Jamaica (Kingston) Fairview, Port More. Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Limited. Radio Stations: Operator: Circuits:

Barbados Distant Country TelegraphX PhototelegraphX Telephone Telex Bermuda (Hamilton) X Cayman Island (Grand Cayman) X Cuba (Havana) X Honduras, British (Belize) X X Panama (Panama) X Turks Island X X

Kenya-see East Africa entry.

Malawi Hynde Dam, Kanjedza. Department of Posts and Telecommunications. Radio Stations: Operator: Circuits:

East AfricaDistant (Nairobi) Country Te/e aph Plwtotelegraph TelephoneX TelexX Mozambique (Beira) r I X I Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Klang, Kota Kinabalu. Radio Stations: Telecommunications Department, Malaysia. Operator: Circuits:

Kuala LumpurDistant C iCountryrcuits: Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Australia (Sydney) via Singaporet Brunei X Indonesia (Djakarta) via Singaporet Indonesia (Medan) via Singaporet Thailand (Bangkok) via Singaporet X Kota Kinabalu Circuits: Singapore ,i X X X

Malta Malta (St. Georges and Tawied Rini). Cable and Wireless Ltd. Radio Stations: Operator: Circuits:

Britain (London)Distant Country TelegraphX Photot�egraph TelephoneX TelexX Libya (Tripoli) I X

X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. 1 Standby for SEACOM cable failure.

51 Mauritius Radio Station: Port Louis (Cassis). Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex East Africa (Nairobi) X X X Malagasy (Tananarive) X X Reunion X X Rodriguez X

Muscat and Oman Radio Station: Muscat. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Bahrain X X X

New Zealand Radio Stations: Makara, Himatangi. Operator: Post Office. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Australia (Sydney) II X X X Australia (Sydney) X* Britain (London) I! via Vancouvert Canada (Montreal) via Vancouvert Canada (Vancouver) via Sydneyt Cook Is. (Rarotonga) X X Fiji (Suva) I I X New Caledonia (Noumea) X Niue Is. X USA (San Francisco/Oakland) X USA (San Francisco) X Western Samoa (Apia) X Nigeria Radio Stations: Lagos (Ikoyi, Ikorodu). Operator: Nigerian External Telecommunications Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X X X X Cameroon (Douala) X X X Congo (Kinshasa) X X East Africa (Nairobi) X X Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) X X Ghana (Accra) X X X Guinea (Conakry) X India (Bombay) X India (Poona) X Ivory Coast (Abidjan) X X X Liberia (Monrovia) X X Senegal (Dakar) X Sierra Leone (Freetown) X X Sudan (Khartoum) X Switzerland (Berne) X X The Gambia X UAR (Cairo) X X USA (RCA New York)

Peru Radio Stations: Lima (Monterrico, Chacarilla). Operator: West Coast of America Telegraph Co. Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Argentina (Buenos Aires) X X X Barbados X X X Bolivia (La Paz) X X Britain (London) via Barbadost Canada (Montreal) X X X Chile (Santiago) X X Ecuador (Quito) X X France (Paris) X X Italy X USA (New York) X X X X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. II Standby for COMPAC cable failure. * Temporary HF circuits.

52

Rhodesia Radio Stations: Salisbury (Cleveland, Hatcliffe). Operator: Ministry of Posts. Circuits : Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X X X

Rodriguez Radio Station: Rodriguez. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Mauritius (Port Louis) X

Seychelles Radio Station: Seychelles. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex East Africa (Nairobi) X

Sierra Leone Radio Station: Freetown (Wilberforce). Operator: Sierra Leone External Telecommunications. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X X X Ghana (Accra) X X X Guinea (Conakry) X Liberia (Monrovia) X Nigeria (Lagos) X X Senegal (Dakar) X The Gambia (Bathurst) X X X

Singapore Radio Stations: Jurong (CRTS)/Jurong (transmitting); Trafalgar/Yio Chu Kang (receiving). Operator: Telecommunications Department, Singapore. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Australia (Sydney) ¶ X X X X Britain (London) via Nairobit via Nairobit Britain (London)II via Sydneyt via Melbournet via Sydneyt via Sydneyt via Nairobit Brunei X Burma (Rangoon) Ceylon (Colombo) Christmas Is. East Africa (Nairobi) X Hong Kong Hong Kongll X X India (Bombay) India (Madras) Indonesia (Bandoeng) Japan (Osaka) Japan (Tokyo) X Malaysia (Kota Kinabalu) ¶ X Pakistan (Karachi) Philippines (Manila) via Hong Kongt Thailand (Bangkok) X X USA (Oakland) II

Viet-Nam, South (Saigon) X XXXXXXX X Direct circuit. t Automatic relay. II Standby for COMPAC cable failure. ¶ Standby for SEACOM cable failure. 53

Southern Yemen Radio Station: Aden (Hiswa and Ras Boradli). Operator: Cable and Wireless (Mid-East) Limited. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Bahrain X X Britain (London) X X* X East Africa (Nairobi) X X Ethiopia (Addis Ababa) X Hadramaut (Meifaah) X Hadramaut (Mukalla) X Hadramaut (Seiyun) X India (Poona) Kamaran Island X Somalia (Hargeisa) X Somalia (Mogadiscio) Somaliland, French (Djibouti) X UAR (Cairo) X Yemen (Sanaa) X Yemen (Taiz) X

St. Helena Island Radio Station: St. Helena. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Ascension Island X

Tanzania—see East Africa entry.

The Gambia Radio Station: Bathurst. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X Ghana (Accra) X Nigeria (Lagos) X Sierra Leone (Freetown) X X X

Trinidad and Tobago Radio Stations: Port of Spain (Caroni, Blanchisseuse Road). Operator: Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Guyana (Georgetown) X Surinam (Paramaribo) X Venezuela (Caracas) X

Trucial States Radio Stations: Dubai, Fujairah. Operator: Cable and Wireless Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Dubai Circuits: Bahrain X X Britain (London) Iran (Bunder Abbas) X Trucial States (Fujairah) X X Trucial States (Sharjah) X Fujairah Circuits: Trucial States (Dubai) X X

X Direct circuit. * One way service only.

54 Turks Island Radio Station: Turks Island. Operator: Cable and Wireless (West Indies) Ltd. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex East Harbour X Jamaica (Kingston) X X Salt Cay X

Uganda—see East Africa entry.

Zambia Radio Station: Ndola. Operator: General Post Office. Circuits: Distant Country Telegraph Phototelegraph Telephone Telex Britain (London) X X X East Africa (Nairobi) X X X East Africa (Dar es Salaam) X X

Zanzibar (Tanzania)—see East Africa entry. X Direct circuit.

55 (C729604) 300 7/69 N\Z TS

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