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NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions

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NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED PART 1 PART 1 Nuclear Terms and Definitions in English APPENDIX 1 NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions APPENDIX 2 Non-NATO Nuclear Terms and Definitions APPENDIX 3 Definitions of Nuclear Forces NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED 1-1 2007 NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED PART 1 NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions APPENDIX 1 Source References: AAP-6 : NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions AAP-21 : NATO Glossary of NBC Terms and Definitions CP&MT : NATO-Russia Glossary of Contemporary Political and Military Terms A active decontamination alpha particle A nuclear particle emitted by heavy radionuclides in the process of The employment of chemical, biological or mechanical processes decay. Alpha particles have a range of a few centimetres in air and to remove or neutralise chemical, biological or radioactive will not penetrate clothing or the unbroken skin but inhalation or materials. (AAP-21). ingestion will result in an enduring hazard to health (AAP-21). décontamination active активное обеззараживание particule alpha альфа-частицы active material antimissile system Material, such as plutonium and certain isotopes of uranium, The basic armament of missile defence systems, designed to which is capable of supporting a fission chain reaction (AAP-6). destroy ballistic and cruise missiles and their warheads. It includes See also fissile material. antimissile missiles, launchers, automated detection and matière fissile радиоактивное вещество identification, antimissile missile tracking and guidance, and main command posts with a range of computer and communications acute radiation dose equipment. They can be subdivided into short, medium and long- The total ionising radiation dose received at one time and over a range missile defence systems (CP&MT). period so short that biological recovery cannot occur (AAP-6). système d’arme de défense antimissiles (AAP-21) See also radiation dose. противоракетный комплекс dose d’irradiation aiguë доза острого облучения area of militarily significant fallout airburst An explosion of a bomb or projectile above the surface as The area in which radioactive fallout affects the ability of military distinguished from an explosion on contact with the surface or units to carry out their normal mission (AAP-6). after penetration (AAP-6). See also type of burst. zone de retombées radioactives d'importance militaire explosion aérienne воздушный взрыв зона выпадения значительных в военном отношении радиоактивных осадков alarm An indication from any source that a chemical, biological, atomic demolition munition radiological or nuclear attack or release other than attack may A nuclear device designed or adapted for use as a demolition have occurred (AAP-21). See also: warning and reporting. munition (AAP-6). alerte тревога charge nucléaire statique атомный фугас allocation In nuclear warfare planning, the specific numbers and types of nuclear weapons allocated to a commander for a stated time period as a planning factor only (AAP-6). allocation разнарядка ядерных средств NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED 1-2 2007 NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED PART 1 NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions APPENDIX 1 Source References: AAP-6 : NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions AAP-21 : NATO Glossary of NBC Terms and Definitions CP&MT : NATO-Russia Glossary of Contemporary Political and Military Terms buffer distance atomic weapon In nuclear warfare: See nuclear weapon (AAP-21). 1. The horizontal distance which, when added to the radius of arme atomique атомное оружие safety will give the desired assurance that the specified degree of risk will not be exceeded. The buffer distance is normally expressed quantitatively in multiples of the delivery error. attenuation factor The ratio of the incident radiation dose or dose rate to the radiation 2. The vertical distance which is added to the fallout safe-height dose or dose rate transmitted through a shielding material. This is of burst in order to determine a desired height of burst which the reciprocal of the transmission factor (AAP-6). will provide the desired assurance that militarily significant facteur d'atténuation коэффициент ослабления fallout will not occur. It is normally expressed quantitatively in multiples of the vertical error (AAP-6). marge de sécurité буферное расстояние B ballistic missile A missile whose flight path, except during the boost phase, follows C a ballistic (free-fall) trajectory. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic casualty decontamination missile has no special aerodynamic surfaces to produce lift during The neutralisation or removal of chemical, biological or radioactive flight in the atmosphere (CP&MT). agents or materials from a casualty, allowing the partial or total missile balistique баллистическая ракета removal of individual protective equipment by the casualty and carers, thereby minimising further risks to health and facilitating blast wave subsequent treatment (AAP-21). Wave created by the rapid expansion of hot gases in the décontamination des victimes atmosphere which results from an explosion. The blast wave is обеззараживание пораженных военнослужащих initially a shock wave which subsequently decays into a sound chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear centre wave (AAP-21). An organisational entity holding responsibility for chemical, onde de souffle взрывная волна biological, radiological and nuclear warning and reporting within a hierarchical structure comprising, in descending order, Area blast wave diffraction Control Centres, Zone Control Centres, Collection Centres and The passage around and envelopment of a structure by the Sub-Collection Centres. Ordinarily, Area and Zone Controle nuclear blast wave (AAP-6). Centres are geographically dependent, whereas Collection and diffraction de l'onde de souffle отклонение взрывной волны Sub-Collection centres are integral to military formations. (AAP-21) See also: warning and reporting. centre chimique, biologique, radiologique et nucléaire химический, биологический, радиационный и ядерный центр NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED 1-3 2007 NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED PART 1 NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions APPENDIX 1 Source References: AAP-6 : NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions AAP-21 : NATO Glossary of NBC Terms and Definitions CP&MT : NATO-Russia Glossary of Contemporary Political and Military Terms contamination control area chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear surveillance In collective chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear The systematic observation of aerospace, surface areas, places, protection, an area before the toxic free area in which personnel persons, or things by visual, electronic, mechanical, or other can remove and don contaminated individual protective equipment means for determining the presence or absence of chemical, with reduced risk, and where equipment and supplies can be decontaminated. It includes the airlock(s), vapour hazard area, biological, radiological and nuclear hazards (AAP-21). changing booth(s) and liquid hazard area (AAP-21). surveillance chimique, biologique, radiologique et nucléaire aire de contrôle de contamination химический, биологический, радиационный и зона контроля заражения ядерный мониторинг contamination control line A line established by a competent authority, identifying the area circular error probable contaminated to a specific level of the contaminant of interest An indicator of the accuracy of a missile/projectile used as a factor (AAP-6). in determining probable damage to a target. It is the radius of a ligne de contrôle de contamination граница зоны заражения circle within which half of the missiles/projectiles are expected to fall (AAP-21). contamination control point écart circulaire probable круговое вероятное отклонение That portion of the contamination control line used by personnel to control entry to and exit from the contaminated area (AAP-6). contamination point de contrôle de contamination The deposit, absorption or adsorption of radioactive material, or of контрольно-пропускной пункт зоны заражения biological or chemical agents on or by structures, areas, personnel or objects (AAP-6). contamination заражение D decay contamination control The progressive reduction in intensity or viability of a chemical, The employment of policies, doctrine, equipment and procedures, biological or radioactive agent or material with respect to time to avoid, contain, reduce, remove or render harmless radiological, (AAP-21). biological or chemical contaminants (AAP-21). décroissance radioactive ослабление воздействия contrôle de contamination контроль заражения decontaminant Any substance used to encapsulate, remove, neutralise or diminish the toxicity of chemical, biological or radioactive contaminants (AAP-21). décontaminant обеззараживающее вещество NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED 1-4 2007 NATO/RUSSIA UNCLASSIFIED PART 1 NATO and NATO-Russia Nuclear Terms and Definitions APPENDIX 1 Source References: AAP-6 : NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions AAP-21 : NATO Glossary of NBC Terms and Definitions CP&MT : NATO-Russia Glossary of Contemporary Political and Military Terms 4. clearance decontamination. Decontamination of equipment and/or personnel on temporary or permanent removal from an operation to a standard sufficient to allow unrestricted decontamination transportation, maintenance, employment and disposal. The process of making any person, object, or area safe by décontamination pour clairance. absorbing, destroying, neutralising, making harmless, or removing полное
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