THIS PUBLICATION WWF in numbers HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN PARTNERSHIP BY: REPORT 1961 ENG WWF was founded in 1961 2014 +100 WWFis in over 100 countries on 6 continents +5M WWF has over 5 million supporters +5000 WWF has over 5,000 staff worldwide THE COMPREHENSIVE REPORT OF This project was certified as being endorsed by the Japan Committee for United Nations Decade on Biodiversity (UNDB-J) THE YELLOW SEA ECOREGION SUPPORT PROJECT 2007-2014 ISBN: 978 – 4 – 915613 – 24 -1 © NASA ®”WWF” is a WWF Registered Trademark © 1986 PANDA symbol WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund) THE COMPREHENSIVE REPORT OF THE YELLOW SEA ECOREGION SUPPORT PROJECT 2007-2014 Table of Contents Foreword 05 Acknowledgement 13 Executive Summary 15 Published by WWF, KIOST 1. Introduction and Overview 17 Copyright © WWF, KIOST 1.1. Background The presentation of material in this report and the graphical designation employed do not imply 1.2. Framework of the YSESP the expression of any opinion whatsoever the part of WWF and KIOST, or other contributing 1.3. Vision and Objectives authors concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 1.4. Small Grant-awarding Scheme 1.5. Site Selection of the demonstration site activity This publication has been made possible with funding from Panasonic Corporation. Editing Team: YASUMURA Shigeki, WANG Ying, CHAE Sunyoung, KIM Taewon, YOSHIDA 2. Yalu River Estuary Coastal Area Ecosystem-Based Makoto, TSUJI Kimiyo, YAMAMOTO Asam and KIM Eugene Management Demonstration Project 31 English language Editing: Jaime Stief 2.1. Project overview Front cover photo: A young girl digs for shellfish in the tidal flats off Korea’s western coast 2.2. Results and Discussion © Image Today For further information on the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Support Project, please see our website: 3. The Regional Development Orientated Coastal Area www.wwf.or.jp/ysesp Management Demonstration Project in Muan 77 or contact: 3.1. Project Overview WWF-Japan 3.2. Results and Discussion 6f. Nihonseimei Akabanebashi Bldg. 6F, 3-1-14 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0014, Japan Tel: +81-3-3769-1713, Fax:+81-3-3769-1717 Email: [email protected] (YASUMURA Shigeki) 4. Overall Results and Discussion 107 4.1. Activities WWF-China Room 1609, Wenhua Gong, Beijing Working People’s Culture Palace Laodong Renmin 4.2. Major achievement Wenhuagong Dongmen, Beijing, 100006, P. R. China 4.3. Discussion Tel: +86-10-6511-6211, Fax: +86-10-6511-6222 Email: [email protected] (WANG Ying) References 113 KIOST (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology) 1270 Sa-dong Sangnok-gu Ansan-si, Republic of Korea List of Abbreviations 120 Tel: +82-31-400-7796, Fax: +82-31-400-6505 Email: [email protected] (KIM Taewon) Appendices 121 Published in September 2014 FOREWORD etween 2010 and 2012, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute (LOFSRI) completed the Yalu River Coastal Area Ecosystem Based B Management Demonstration Project, which was funded by WWF and Ocean & Fishery Department of Liaoning Province (OFDLP), with technical support from the United Nations Development Programme and Global Environment Facility Trust Fund Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (UNDP/GEF YSLME) Project. The purpose of the project was to determine the impact of human activities on the wetland ecosystem and the resulting ecological effects, to develop adaptive management measures for the conservation of rare or endangered species and the protection of migrating birds, to balance ecosystem conservation with sustainable resource exploitation and to provide reference for the development of a scientific and rational coastal wetland management model. Taking place on 2 February 2010 and witnessed by experts from relevant communities, representatives of WWF-China and WWF-Japan, OFDLP, UNDP/ GEF YSLME project, Panasonic Corporation and LOFSRI signed a Memorandum LIU Rongjie of Understanding on Cooperation (MoU) in Shenyang, China. On 1 April 2010, Deputy Director, Ocean representatives of the parties held an official inauguration ceremony for the project & Fishery Department of in Dandong, China, where the project was located. After three years of survey and Liaoning Province research, the project had finally delivered fruitful results, including sound management plans and proposals on balancing economic development and ecological conservation in line with the local conditions. It is our wish that WWF would continue to work with OFDLP by honouring its phase II commitments as specified in the MoU. Through better management of the coastal habitat at the Yalu River Estuary, we would be able to summarize the lessons learned and results of the Yalu River Coastal Area Ecosystem- Based Management Demonstration Project for promotion across the Yellow Sea Ecoregion, and in similar habitats across the world. Foreword 5 n our lives, things are often too close to us for us to be able to truly appreciate anasonic Corporation has been supporting WWF-Japan’s activities such as them. From the time we were born, from the time our parents were born, the dark environmental education and wetland conservation in Japan since 1999. In I silk of the tidal flats has been a living, breathing part of our lives. They have given P 2007, Panasonic became the organization’s first corporate supporter in Asia, us much, but their value has somehow eluded us. which is an international corporate partnership scheme of WWF International. Since then, we have started to support the YSESP from a more global standpoint. Situated in South Jeolla Province in the Republic of Korea, the Muan Tidal Flat is registered as the country’s first Tidal Flat Wetland Protection Area. It boasts a history Over the course of the seven-year project, we have been providing ongoing financial dating back three millennia, sharing its life with the people of the region since time support. Moreover, we have been involved in programmes in Japan, China and the immemorial. A land of abundance, it has provided a habitat for life of all kinds, helping Republic of Korea through public relations activities such as photo exhibitions and to feed the area’s people and enrich its environment. We possess a great resource in our seminars to widely inform the public of the abundance of biodiversity in the Yellow Sea, tidal flat, a precious legacy that we must leave intact for future generations. To protect exchange forums of small grants recipients and Panasonic employee trainings at the the marine ecosystem, its animals and their habitats, Muan County has established the model site of this project. Muan Ecological Tidal Flat Center, a facility designed for more effective administration Concerning the model project in Yalu River in China, we are very pleased that the of the protected area. Liaoning Ocean Fishery Bureau welcomed a proposal based on survey results for KIM Chul-ju As part of a habitat preservation pilot effort from 2010 to 2012, the county has provided TAKEYASU promoting sustainable fisheries with a great care for migratory shorebirds. Regarding active support to the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Support Project (YSESP), a conservation the model project in Muan, Republic of Korea, we are really gratified that a strategy has Muan County Governor Satoshi programme aimed at managing the area’s biodiversity and governance and ensuring been designed for conservation management of local governments in collaboration with sustainable use through resident communication and engagement. The South Jeolla Executive Officer, local communities. We have no doubt that the Yellow Sea ecosystem can look forward tidal flats that include Muan ― and those on the Yellow Sea coast in general ― represent Panasonic Corporation to a more harmonious future with its human inhabitants, and that its natural resources a vital ecosystem nearly without parallel in the world. Unfortunately, the Yellow Sea is will be used sustainably. also a region in urgent need of protection, as nonstop development over the past several decades has left its waters, which are shared by Korea and China, plagued with marine habitat devastation, pollution and indiscriminate overfishing. Reports indicate that Yellow Sea fishing yields have dropped in recent years, and the diversity of the species making up the aquatic ecosystem has dropped precipitously as a result of climate change and the introduction of exotic species. Addressing these issues affecting the Yellow Sea ecosystem, and helping the waters return to life, will require more than the efforts of the government and academics ― it also demands awareness and efforts from ordinary people, especially those living in coastal regions. In addition to its work to achieve the YSESP’s aim of promoting popular awareness, Muan County plans to continue working on other related projects to generate a synergy effect and encourage further collaborations. We hope to see these projects bearing fruit and leading to the sharing of experience and information, suggesting new directions for conservation and coexistence with the Muan Tidal Flat, a habitat that has served as home to so much life over these years. 6 The Comprehensive Report of the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Support Project Foreword 7 he biodiversity conservation in the Yellow Sea is the major task of the UNDP/ apan has benefited greatly from the well-functioning ecosystem services of the GEF Project titled Reducing Environment Stress of the YSLME, and the Yellow Yellow Sea Ecoregion (YSE), and has shared the responsibility for its conservation T Sea Ecoregion Planning Project (YSEPP), two initiatives that started at nearly the J and sustainable use. Working together with partners in China and the Republic same time. Both projects have had clearly defined objectives that include the protection of Korea, WWF-Japan has been focusing on the conservation activities of the YSE since of the marine environment in the Yellow Sea, particularly the marine biodiversity in the 2001. sea’s coastal areas. Thanks to the financial support of the Panasonic Corporation, we were able to launch the The first MoU for cooperation and coordination was signed in March 2005 during the Yellow Sea Ecoregion Support Project in 2007.